1. The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on ______.
A.borrowing
B.word-formation
C.conversion
D.the number of the people speaking English
A B C D
B
[解析] The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on word-formation. 现代英语中的词汇扩展主要依靠构词法。答案为B。
2. ______ doesn't belong to the most productive means of word-formation.
A.Affixation
B.Compounding
C.Conversion
D.Blending
A B C D
D
[解析] The most productive are affixation, compounding and conversion.最为多产的(构词)方式是词缀法、复合法和转类法。答案为D。
3. Conversion gives us ______ of the new vocabulary.
A.30%
B.28%
C.26%
D.28% to 30%
A B C D
C
[解析] Conversion gives us 26%of the new vocabulary.转类法提供了新词汇的26%。答案为C。
4. Word-formation excludes ______.
A.affixation and compounding
B.conversion and shortening
C.clipping, acronymy and blending
D.repetition and alliteration
A B C D
D
[解析] The most productive means of word-formation are affixation, compounding and conversion. The rest of the new words come from shortening including clipping and acronymy together with blending and other means. 最为多产的方式是词缀法、复合法和转类法。剩余的新词来自缩略法,包括截短法和首字拼音法,加上自拼法和其他途径。唯独没有提到最后一项。答案为D。
5. The most productive word formation are ______.
A.affixati0n
B.compounding
C.conversion
D.all the above
A B C D
D
[解析] The most productive are affixation, compounding and conversion.最为多产的(构词)方式是词缀法、复合法和转类法。答案为D。
6. 30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through ______.
A.compounding
B.affixation
C.conversion
D.shortening
A B C D
B
[解析] Words produced through affixation constitute 30%to 40%of the total number of new words.通过词缀法产生的词占据新词总数的30%至40%。答案为B。
7. The prefixes in the words of irresistible, nonclassical and apolitical are called ______.
A.reversative prefixes
B.negative prefixes
C.pejorative prefixes
D.locative prefixes
A B C D
B
[解析] 前缀ir-,non-和a-属于否定意义的前缀。答案为B。
8. ______ does not generally change the word-class of the stem but only modifies its meaning.
A.Prefixation
B.Suffixation
C.Affixation
D.Derivation
A B C D
A
[解析] Prefixes do not generally change the word-class of the stem but only modify its meaning. 前缀法一般不改变词干的词性,只改变词义。答案为A。
9. These are negative prefixes except ______.
A.dis-
B.in-
C.non-
D.under-
A B C D
D
[解析] Negative prefixes include a-,dis-,in-(il-,ir-,im-),non-,un-,前缀under-不是否定词缀,表示“在下方”。答案为D。
26. We usually group suffixes on a ______ basis into noun suffixes, verb suffixes, adjective suffixes, etc.
A.grammatical
B.structural
C.meaningful
D.practical
A B C D
A
[解析] Therefore, we shall group suffixes on a grammatical basis into noun suffixes, verb suffixes, adjective suffixes, etc.一般来说,我们依照语法基础将后缀分为名词后缀、动词后缀、形容词后缀等。答案为A。
27. -eer, -er, -ess, -ette, -let are all suffixes added to noun bases to produce ______ nouns.
A.abstract
B.de-verbal
C.concrete
D.de-adjective
A B C D
C
[解析] 题干译文:-eer, -er, -ess, -ette, -let这些词缀都是加在名词词基上构成什么样的名词?The suffixes of this group are added to noun bases to produce concrete nouns: -eer, -er, -ess, -ette, -let. 答案为C。
30. The meanings of "comic" and "comical" are ______.
A.same
B.identical
C.similar
D.different
A B C D
D
[解析] It is worth noting that both -ic and -ical can be affixed to the same stem in some cases, but differ in meaning.注意:有些情况下,同一个词干既可以加ic,又可以加ical,但意义不同。comic表示“喜剧的”,comical表示“滑稽的”。答案为D。
31. Which of the following suffixes can be used to form both nouns and adjectives?
A.-ion.
B.-ism.
C.-ity.
D.-ist.
A B C D
D
[解析] A small number of suffixes, when added to stems related to human beings or nationality names, form words that can be used both as nouns and adjectives: -ese, -an, -ist. 有一小部分后缀加在表示人或国家名的词干后,既构成名词又构成形容词:-ese,-an,-ist。答案为D。
32. The following are all denominal suffixes except ______.
36. The differences between compounds and free phrases show in ______ aspects.
A.phonetic features
B.semantic features
C.grammatical features
D.all the above
A B C D
D
[解析] compounds differ from free phrases in the following three aspects.(1)phonetic features;(2)semantic features;(3)grammatical features.复合词和自由词组的区别表现在以下方面:(1)语音特点;(2)语义特点;(3)语法特点。答案为D。
42. The formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class is called ______.
A.prefixation
B.suffixation
C.acronymy
D.conversion
A B C D
D
[解析] 将一种词转化成另一种词类构成新词的方法称为转换法。答案为D。
43. In a derivational process, an item is converted to a new word class without the addition of an affix. The name is ______.
A.full conversion
B.partial conversion
C.functional shift
D.zero-derivation
A B C D
D
[解析] Conversion is generally considered to be a derivational process whereby an item is a dapted or converted to a new word class without the addition of an affix. Hence the name zero-derivation. 在派生构词过程中,单词不添加词缀而直接转换为一个新词的派生构词。这一过程称为零派生。答案为D。
44. Words involved in conversion are primarily ______.
A.nouns, verbs and adverbs
B.nouns, adjectives and verbs
C.nouns, prepositions and verbs
D.adjectives, adverbs and verbs
A B C D
B
[解析] words produced by conversion are primarily nouns, adjectives and verbs. 通过转类法产生的词大多是名词、形容词和动词。答案为B。
45. Nouns converted from adjectives have all the characteristics of nouns and achieve a full noun status, thus known as ______.
A.partial conversion
B.full conversion
C.speech shift
D.grammatical shift
A B C D
B
[解析] words fully converted happen when a noun fully converted from an adjective has all the characteristics of nouns. 完全转换成名词的词具有名词的所有特点,这种转换称为完全转换。答案为B。
46. Nouns partially converted from adjectives do not possess all the qualities a noun does. They must be used together with ______.
A.plural forms
B.single forms
C.adjectives
D.definite articles
A B C D
D
[解析] Nouns partially converted from adjectives do not possess all the qualities a noun does. They must be used together with definite articles. 由形容词部分转换成名词的词不具有名词的所有特点,必须和定冠词连用。答案为D。
47. In most cases a noun can be converted to a verb ______.
A.with some changes
B.without any change
C.with some changes in spelling
D.without any change in pronunciation
A B C D
B
[解析] As is often the case, a noun can be converted to a verb without any change.通常一个名词可以不经过任何变化直接转换成动词。答案为B。
48. The "house" in "the peasant housed him" belongs to the conversion ______.