银符考试题库-在线练习-大学四级模拟89

大学四级模拟89

Part Ⅰ Writing
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic What Is in the Way of Paying Back the Loans. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 1. 目前一部分学生是通过银行贷款完成学业的
2. 但是有少数学生毕业后没有按时还贷
3. 你认为有哪些原因，应该如何解决此类问题
What Is in the Way of Paying Back the Loans

[参考范文一]
What Is in the Way of Paying Back the Loans
Ever since colleges started to charge the students for the education they receive, there has 'always been a problem for some students, especially for those from remote rural regions, to get the money for it. So the government offers them an option of borrowing money from banks. Surveys show that the number of students financing his education in this way is increasing.
However, some students, although not many, failed to pay back the loans as they had promised in the contract. The banks have a very hard time coping with this problem. And the government seems also powerless to help the banks.
I think there is more than one reason for this. Dishonesty may be one but not the major one. As is known, we are experiencing a particular phase of economic development where the supply of human resources is much bigger than the demand for it. So many students are not able to find a well-paid job. How can they pay the loans back? To solve this problem, I think the government should make efforts to get the whole economy go smoothly, creating more job opportunities.
[参考范文二]
What Is in the Way of Paying Back the Loans
College education is a kind of service, which needs to be paid for. But in fact, many students in China cannot afford the fees. So they, encouraged by the government, apply for loans from the banks.
However, the problem is not over yet. After four years, these students arc faced with the task of paying back the loans. Surveys indicate that quite a number of students failed to pay back file loans or failed to do so in time.
I think the reasons might be manifold. And the lack of relevant laws should be singled out. It seems that nothing effective can be done to deal with this. The banks and the government seem to be powerless to make the students do what they promised to do. So I think laws must be made immediately, stating clearly the rights and obligations of each party. And this can also help strengthen the students' sense of responsibility as adults.

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
Directions: in this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly.
For questions 1-7, mark
Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Sharing Economic Losses Through Insurance
Each minute of the day or night, everyone faces a possible financial loss. A home may be destroyed by fire, damaged by lightning, or leveled by a tornado(龙卷风). Personal belongings may be stolen: A car may be damaged in an accident, or it may cause injury to people and property. In come may be lost as the result of the death, disability, or unemployment of a family wage earner. The chance that a loss of this kind may occur is called an economic risk.
Savings provide one way to take care of financial losses. But savings are not the answer to large losses. The best way to guard against large financial losses is through insurance.
Insurance Is a Plan for Sharing Risks and Losses
Ted Mather and four of his friends have a rock group called Quint. Each member of the group owns a valuable instrument. Ted's bass alone cost $900. If an instrument were stolen or damaged, it would be a serious, financial loss for its owner.
Suppose, however, that the members of the group agree to share any losses that occur. For ex ample, if Ted's bass is stolen, each member of the group would contribute $180 to replace it. In other words, they would share the loss. This is the principle of insurance. Persons facing the same risk share the losses that occur among them.
From an insurance standpoint, however, an informal agreement like that made by Quint would not provide much protection. Why? The reason is that all the instruments might be stolen or damaged at the same time. The group rehearses in the Mathers' garage and sometimes leaves their instruments there between rehearsals. They also travel together in a van when they perform. Suppose that a thief broke into the garage and stole 'all the instruments. What if the garage caught fire.9 What if all instruments were damaged in an accident on the way to or from a concert? Each member of the group would have to pay one-fifth of the total loss. For some members, this might be more than the amount of their own actual loss.
The purpose of insurance is to provide protection against financial loss at a reasonable cost. This is possible only when the cost of insurance is shared by many people who face a similar risk. But not all of them are likely to have actual losses at the same time.
You Buy Insurance from Insurance Companies
Almost 4,800 companies in the United States are in the business of providing insurance protection. These businesses are called insurance companies. Because most insurance companies operate on a big scale, they provide a way for large numbers of people to share their losses.
When you buy insurance, you enter into a written agreement with the insurance company. This agreement is called a policy. The person who buys insurance is the policyholder. According to the agreement, the insurance company promises to pay the policyholder if certain types of losses occur. The policy states exactly what losses the company will pay for. For this protection, the policyholder makes regular payments to the insurance company. Each payment is called a premium(保险费). The premiums paid by all policyholders are used to pay those who have losses. In this way, a loss that might result in great financial hardship for one person or household is shared by many people. Be cause only a portion of those insured will actually have losses, premiums are small compared to the a mount of protection provided.
Many Kinds of Risks Can Be Insured
Insurance can provide protection against almost any kind of loss. Singers may insure their voices. Photographers may insure their negatives. The owner of a home freezer may insure against food loss in case of power failure. A business owner can insure his or her place of business. A business owner can also insure against a loss of profits during a shutdown following a fire or damaging accident.
However, the kinds of insurance protection that most people buy can be divided into three broad groups: property and liability insurance, life insurance, and health insurance.
Property insurance provides protection against possible financial losses resulting from damage to the policy holder's property. For example, a homeowner can buy insurance against losses resulting from fire and lightning, windstorm, explosion, riot, aircraft, and vandalism. Liability insurance protects against financial losses resulting from injuries to other persons or damage to their property. Injuries or property damage resulting from an automobile accident arc examples.
Life insurance, of course, protects against financial losses resulting from a person's death. Health insurance protects against financial losses resulting from illness Or accident.
The Cost of Insurance Is Based on Probability
Like all private firms, insurance companies must charge enough for protection to pay their operating costs and make a profit. The main factor affecting the price of insurance, however, is the a mount of risk involved. The more risk an insurance company assumes for a policyholder the higher the premium. Risk is measured in terms of probable losses.
An insurance company must collect enough money from all its policyholders to pay the claims of those who have losses. A claim is a request for payment of a loss. It is impossible to tell, of course, which policyholders will have losses. But it is possible to estimate with some accuracy how many will have losses. A company does this by studying its past losses.
For example, from its records, an insurance company can tell how many of its policyholders will probably die each year. It can tell how many policyholders will probably be hospitalized and unable to work. It can also predict how many homes will probably catch fire and what the average loss will probably be. Using this information a company can figure about how much it will have to pay in claims during a year. It can then determine what a policyholder must pay for protection. As some people would say, insurance premiums are based on probability.
Some Kinds of Insurance Are Provided by the Government
You have learned that needed goods and services cannot always be provided at a profit by business firm. Then they may be provided by government. This is how it is with some kinds of insurance. An example is flood insurance. To understand wily, you need to keep in mind one of the principles of insurance. It works only when a large number of people share losses that only a few of them will have.
So, who needs flood insurance7 Those who live where floods might occur. But if a flood did occur, it would result in losses to all those living in the flood area. To pay the losses, an insurance company would have to collect more in premium than most people would afford to pay. It would be as if each property owner were paying his or her own entire loss. Flood insurance, therefore, is made a vailable by the federal government in communities that qualify.
The federal government also operates a crime insurance program. This insurance protects people and business firms in high crime areas against burglary and robbery. If a private company provided this protection, the loss would be so great that most people could not afford it.
For somewhat the same reason, the federal government makes crop insurance available to farmers. When crop losses occur, they usually affect most of the farmers in an area. The principle of sharing losses in that case would not work.
And who hasn't heard of government insurance program best known as social security? The basic purpose of social security is to provide income for retired, disabled, or unemployed workers.

1. In this passage, the author gives a brief introduction of different kinds of insurance policies.

本题的关键词是a brief introduction，根据这一关键词本题旨在考查对文章大意的理解。文章对保险进行了介绍，而并非对各种保险单做了介绍。

2. The purpose of insurance can be realized only when the cost of insurance is shared by many people who face a similar risk.

本题的关键词是the purpose of insurance，是与保险简介相关的，因此，根据这个关键词可将本题定位在第一个小标题Insurance is a plan for Sharing Risks and Losses下，查读原文可知:The purpose of insurance is to provide protection against financial loss at a reasonable cost．This is possible only when the cost of insurance is shared by many people who face a similar risk。

3. There are almost 4,800 insurance companies in America, most of which operate on a small scale.

本题中的关键词是insurance companies，根据这个关键词町将本题定位在第二个小标题You Buy Insurance from Insurance Companies，查读文章第二个小标题下的第一段Almost 4，800 companies in the United States are in the business of providing insurance protection．These businesses are called insurance companies．Because most insurance companies operate on a big scale，they provide a way for large numbers of people to share, their losses．可知:美国有大约4，800家保险公司，这些公司大多规模很大。

4. In the policy, the exact kinds of losses for which the company will pay will be written.

本题中的关键词仍是insurance companies，根据这个关键词可将本题定位在第二个小标题下，查读文章第二个小标题下的第二段可知:The policy states exactly what losses the company will pay for．在保险单中，会明确注明保险公司赔付的损失类型。

5. Insurance can provide ninny kinds of protection which can be divided into three types.

本题中的关键词是many kinds of protection，根据这个关键词可将本题定位在第三个小标题Many Kinds of Risks Can Be Insured下，查读这个小标题下的第一段和第二段可知:人们购买的保险可以大致分成三个种类。

6. Both property insurance and liability insurance protect against possible financial losses resulting from damage to the policyholder's property.

本题巾的关键词是property insurance和liability insurance，根据这两个关键词可知，该题仍与各种险种有关。因此，可将本题定位在第三个小标题Many Kinds of Risks Can Be Insured下，查读原文可知，这两种保险虽然都是对财产的保险，但是两种险种并不相同。前者是对保单持有人的财产进行保险，后者是对保单持有人有可能对其他人造成财产损失进行保险。

7. When a claim is made by a policyholder, it is the insurance company's responsibility to assess the loss.

本题中的关键词是claim，根据这个关键词和题文同序原则，可将本题定位在第四个小标题下，查读文章可知，文章中并未提到当保单持有人提出索赔要求的时候，保险公司是否有责任负责评估损失。

8. It is possible for insurance companies to tell probably, not exactly, how many claims they need to pay for, so we say that insurance premiums are based on ______.

probability

根据本题的题意和题文同序原则，可将本题定位在第四个小标题下，查读原文第四小标题下第三段的最后部分可以很容易地找到答案。

9. When the profit is not tempting to the insurance companies, some kinds of insurance will be pro vided by ______.

government

首先，根据题文同序原则，本题应该出现在最后一个小标题下。再者，根据本题句意，可以判断本题内容不再与保险公司有关，而文章最后一个小标题讨论的是由政府承担的险种，据此，也可将本题定位在最后部分。查读最后一部分第一段的前两句话You have learned that needed goods and services cannot always be provided at a profit by business firm．Then they may be provided by government.，答案显而易见。

10. In the area where farmers are likely to sustain crop losses, the government provides them with ______.

crop insurance

本题的关键词是farmers和crop losses，根据这两个关键词和题文同序原则，可将本题定位在最后一部分。查读原文可知:For somewhat the same reason，the federal government makes crop insurance available to farmers，答案显而易见。

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension

Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

语音下载

A.The graduate students could understand the lecture.
B.Neither the undergraduate students nor the graduate students could understand the lecture.
C.Both the undergraduate students and the graduate students could understand the lecture.
D.The undergraduate students could understand the lecture.

A B C D

[解析]
W: The undergraduates could hardly understand the French lecture which was given last week．
M: Neither could the graduate students．
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?

本题的关键是要把整个对话合起来理解才能选出答案。女士说本科生听不懂上星期的法语报告，男士说研究生也听不懂，即选项B)。如果没有听出女士话中的hardly(几乎不)，就可能误解这是一个肯定句而误选D)；如果忽略了男士话中的neither(也不)这个表示否定的词，会误选A)；当然要是两个表示否定的词都没有捕捉到的话，就会误选C)。

A.He was sick.
B.His wife was sick.
C.His wife just had a baby.
D.He was visiting his daughter.

A B C D

[解析]
M: I saw Carl Johnson at the hospital today．I wonder if his wife is ill．
W: No，she's fine. His daughter just had a baby and he was visiting her．
Q: Why was Carl Johnson at the hospital?

男士在医院看到了Carl Johnson，以为是他的妻子生病了，女士予以否认，并说明是他的女儿刚刚生了孩子，他在看望女儿，答案应从女士的对话中寻找，选D)。A)“Carl Johnson生病了”，明显不合对话的内容；B)曲解了女士的话，也应排除；C)是根据男士的话设置的干扰项，不正确。

A.She was worried.
B.She was indifferent.
C.She was delighted.
D.She was annoyed.

A B C D

[解析]
M:I hope you can understand why I've decided to leave this company．I do need to get a more challenging job．
W: But l have to remind you that we have spent a lot of time and money on your career here．
Q: How did the woman feel about the man's decision?

本题需要从男女对话中总结出女士的态度。对于男士要离开公司的决定，从女士的话尤其是开始的 but一词，可以推断女士对此持厌倦或反对态度:我们已经投入了大量的时间和财力。从but一词很快可以判断出女士肯定不满，首先排除C)；接着从“我们已经为此付出过很多时间和财力”可以推断女士也付出了努力，她决不会是“漠然”，或者只是“担心”，而应是“恼怒”。

A.To the college on the corner.
B.To the coffee house near the college.
C.To tile poetry class.
D.To the man's house for coffee.

A B C D

[解析]
M: Students always read poetry in the coffee house on the corner near the college．Would you like to go there with me?
W: I'd love to，thanks．That's where I've been wanting to go for a long time，
Q: Where would the woman like to go?

这道题的答案已在男士最开始的表述中提到，关键是要抓住关键词in the coffee house，并排除后面修饰语on the corner near the college的干扰。选项A)只提到大学，并没有提到咖啡屋，所以排除；C)是针对poetry所设的干扰项，对话中提到学生们经常在咖啡屋里读诗，并没有提到上诗歌课；D)是针对 the coffee house所设的干扰项，对话中是说去咖啡屋，而不是去男士家里喝咖啡。

A.He has a lot of things to do.
B.He doesn't want Io see the film.
C.He would give the world to see the film.
D.He would rather do anything than seeing the film.

A B C D

[解析]
W: I'm told that there will be a fantastic film in our local cinema，but we will have our final examination these days.
M: I'll do anything to see it.
Q: What does the man mean?

本题解题的关键在于听懂男士所说的内容，该男士认为为看这场电影，他愿意做任何事情，这样可推知该男士愿意拿一切来换看电影的机会。选项A)中的内容反映了女士而不是男士的情况，该女士认为尽管电影很好，但是由于期末考试，需要做的事情很多；B)项与对话内容相悖；D)项是干扰性最强的一项，男士谈话中的to在此处表示的是目的，而不是表否定的介词。

A.Pop music.
B.Folk music.
C.Classical music.
D.All kinds of music.

A B C D

[解析]
W:I enjoy all kinds of music．What kind of music do you like?
M: Folk music has appealed to me a great deal before I became fascinated with pop music．
Q: What kind of music does the man like now?

搞清时间状语是此处解题的关键，男士说他在喜欢流行音乐之前喜欢的是乡村音乐。D)有一定的干扰性，对话中女士说她喜欢各种类型的音乐，这并非是男士的情况；选项c)中的古典音乐对话中没有提到，可轻松被排除。

A.She has something to handle.
B.She is free.
C.She has been away.
D.She'd like to talk.

A B C D

[解析]
W:A man from AT&T would like to talk with the manager on the new project．Is she available?
M: I'm sorry．She is engaged just now．
Q: What's the manager doing at the moment?

本题的关键是理解She is engaged just now.，即经理正在忙着呢，现在不能会见客人，所以选A．)。经理正在处理事情，所以排除B)；经理正在公司处理事情，并没有离开，所以排除C)；男士回答说抱歉，经理正在处理事情，即表明不能会见客人，所以排除D)。

A.Tom refused to give the man a painting.
B.Tom refused to accept the man's painting.
C.The man didn't appreciate Tom's painting.
D.The man didn't ask for Tom's painting.

A B C D

[解析]
W: Why didn't Tom give you one of his paintings?
M:I didn't want one，but he would have given me one if I had asked for it.
Q: What did we learn from the conversation?

解答本题的关键在于理解男士的回答，他之所以没有Tom的画是因为他没要，他要想要早就有了。 A)和B)都是针对Tom和painting设置的干扰项，A)错在没理解男士回答中的虚拟语气；B)错在搞错了Tom和painting之间的关系；C)属于过度推断，男士没要Tom的画，并不说明他不喜欢。

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

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A.Hiking.
B.Mountain biking.
C.Fishing.
D.Traveling somewhere.

A B C D

[解析] 19-22
M: Sara, I've been looking forward to our yearly campout for three weeks. It's going to be a wonderful day for hiking tomorrow. The great outdoors. Camping under the stars. This is the life.
W: Yeah, but Paul, I'm a little bit worried about the weather though. Tile weatherman said it was going to rain later tonight.
M: Ah. Nonsense. Nothing can spoil our adventure. Those weather reports are never light.
W: And it said there was a chance of high winds.
M: Ah. Don't worry.
W: Listen! It's thundering. Did you remember to bring our raincoats just in case, like I told you? It's going to rain.
M: Uh... no. I left them on the front porch.
W: Oh! Terrible! It's beginning to rain heavily. What are we going to do now?
M: We'll have to sleep in the car! Hurry get in!
W: SO, Paul, what are we going to do now?
M: How about playing a card game?
W: Uhh. I left them next to the picnic table. Hey, you don't want me to go out in this rain and get them, do you?
M: No. That's okay. So what now?
W: Well, we could head down the mountain and stay at that hotel we passed on the way up, or go horse.
M: Hmm, why don't we just make the best of it here and hope the weather clears.
W: That's a good idea.
19. What are they planning on doing in the morning?

该题答案出现在It's going to be a wonderful day for hiking tomorrow这句中，其中hiking一词是关键词，表示“徒步旅行”。选项中的D)表示“到某地旅行”，意义包含hiking，但却笼统，所以最佳答案只能是A)Hiking。

A.They are always right.
B.They are always wrong.
C.They are 'sometimes right but sometimes wrong.
D.They are helpful.

A B C D

[解析]
What does the man say about the weather reports?

该题答案在Those weather reports are never right一句中，关键同为never right。此外，从Nonsense、Nothing call spoil our adventure 和Don't worry也可推出这位男士对天气预报的不屑一词和否定态度。

A.Rain boots.
B.Umbrellas.
C.Raincoats.
D.Some drinks.

A B C D

[解析]
What did the man forget to bring?

通过Did you remember to bring our raincoats just in case，like I told you?和．．．no． I left them on the front porch 可确知答案是raincoats，选项中的Rain boots表示“雨靴”。

A.Next to picnic table.
B.At home.
C.Under picnic table.
D.On picnic table.

A B C D

[解析]
Where did the woman leave the playing cards?

答案在I left them next to the picnic table一句中，关键词组是next to the picnic table。

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

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A.He has a cold.
B.He has the flu.
C.He has a stomachache.
D.He had a headache.

A B C D

[解析] 23-25
W: So, how are things going, Steve?
M: Well, to be honest, Carla, I was feeling great on Saturday, but I started to feel sick Sunday afternoon. I thought I'd get better, but I feel worse than before. And I'm really worried because I'm scheduled to give a presentation at work on Friday, so I have to be better by then.
W: Well, what seems to be the problem?
M: Well, I thought I had the flu, but the doctor said it was just a bad cold. He gave me some cold medicine to take care of my stuffy nose and fever. I'm supposed to take the medicine three times a day after eating, but it doesn't seem to help. He also told ale to stay off my feet for a day or so, but I'm so busy these days.
W: listen, forget about that medicine! I have just the thing to get rid of bad colds. You see, my mom is really into herbal medicine.
M: Oh, no thanks.
W: Ah, come on! Give it a try. You just take some of my mom's herbal tea and drink it four times a day. Believe me. You'll be up and dancing around in no time.
M: Dancing around in no time, right? Well, I guess. Nothing else seems to be doing the job.
W: Great. I'll come by your place at 7: 30. See you then.
23. What's the matter with the man?

这是一个围绕Steve身体状况而展开的对话。该题答案出现在对话里对what seems to be the problem?这一问题的回答中，由I thought I had the flu，but the doctor said it was just a bad cold．可确定He has，a cold，下文中的I have just the thing to get rid of bad colds也暗示Steve得了感冒。选项中最具有干扰性的莫过于B)“患流感”，而“患流感”只是Steve本人对自己身体状况的推测而已。

A.It works quite well.
B.It seems helpless.
C.It helps to get rid of bad colds.
D.It helps to get rid of the fever.

A B C D

[解析]
How does the medicine given by the doctor work?

该题答案出现在I'm supposed to take the medicine three time a day after eating，but it doesn't seem to help。一句中，下文的forget about that medicine! I have just the thing to get rid of bad colds。说明，对话中的女士建议Steve停止服用医生为他开的药，而向他建议另一种治愈感冒的方法，这恰恰暗示了医生所开的药没有作用。

A.She suggests that he should go to see the doctor again.
B.She suggests that he should have more rest.
C.She suggests that he should dance with her.
D.She suggests that he should take some herbal tea.

A B C D

[解析]
What does the woman suggest he do?

You just take some of my mom's herbal tea and drink it four times a day．一句说明，对话中的女士建议 Steve服用一下她妈妈做的草药茶，关键词是herbal tea。此外，由I have just the thing to get rid of bad colds．You see，my mom．．．也可推断该女士建议的药剂与草药有关，其中is really into herbal medicine表示“十分主张服用草药”。

Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

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A.They are not well educated.
B.They failed to work hard at school.
C.The society is too complicated.
D.What they learned in the school is adequate for their new life.

A B C D

[解析] 26-28
When young people get their real jobs, they may face a lot of new , confusing situations. They may find that every thing is different from the way things were at school. It is possible that they will feel uncomfortable in both professional and social situations. Eventually, they realize that university classes can't be the only preparation for all the different situations that appear in the working world.
Perhaps the best way to learn how to behave in the working world is to identify a worker you admire and observe his behavior. In doing so, you'll be able to see what it is that you admire in this person. For example, you will observe how he acts in trouble. Perhaps even more important, you will be able to see what is his approach to everyday situations.
While you are observing your colleague, you should be asking yourself whether his behavior is like yours and how you call learn from his response to a different situation. By watching and learning from a model, you ;viii probably be gin to identify and get good working habits.
26. Why didn't young people behave well in the working world after their graduation?

文章的前一部分就介绍了当年轻人开始走上工作岗位时，他将面临许多新情况和新田惑，因为他们在学校里学到的知识还不足以应付未来社会的各种新情况和新问题，所以社会的复杂性是刚刚毕业的学生们感觉不适应的根本原因。

A.To find a worker and follow him closely.
B.To find a person you admire and make friends with him.
C.To find a person you respect and watch carefully how he acts.
D.To make friends with a model you admire.

A B C D

[解析]
What is the best way to learn to behave well in the working world?

作者在中间位置提出解决问题的方法，即identify a worker you admire and observe his behavior(找一个你所尊敬的师傅，仔细观察他的行为)。并指出这样做的目的是看师傅是如何在实际的工作中处理问题的，所以选C)。

A.Learn From a Model
B.Learn, Learn and Learn Again
C.Leant Forever
D.One Is Never Too Old to Learn

A B C D

[解析]
Which is the best title for the passage you have just heard?

本文从年轻人开始走上工作岗位时的迷惑写起，提出了解决问题的方法，即找一个敬佩的师傅并跟他在实践中学习，最后总结说:...learning from a model，you will probably begin to identify and get good working habits．(跟从一个模范典型在实践中学习，才能形成良好的工作习惯。)所以本文的标题应该是A)Learn From a Model(师从典范)。

Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

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A.Pets manage to make their owners more healthy.
B.Pets spread many kinds of disease to men.
C.Pet owners enjoy better health because of exercises.
D.Pets can sometimes cause high blood pressure in man.

A B C D

[解析] 29-31
New research from Australia shows that pets are good for your health. The findings of this new study suggest that people who have pets are at less risk from heart disease than those who do not.
The new research was carried out over three years and examined 3,000 people. They took tests that measured a variety of different factors known to be involved in heart disease -- blood pressure and blood levels. Also, people were asked about their lifestyles. The 800 people who owned pets had low levels on each of the factors measured than those who did not own pets. The study also showed that it did not matter what kind of pet was owned -- a cat was as good as a dog -- so the benefits could not be attributed to the exercises involved in walking a dog.
The question is just how pets manage to make their owners more healthy. The obvious answer is that they make their owners feel more relaxed and happy. The Australian scientists who organized this study commented that if a new drug was available that was as effective as simply having a pet ,then this drug would undoubtedly be considered a breakthrough in the control of heart disease.
29．What is the relationship between one's health and having pets?

短文在开篇提到．．．pets are good for your health．．．people who have pets are less risk from heart disease than those who do not，因此可以得出本文的主要内容是关于宠物对人体健康的积极影响。B)、D)两项是关于宠物的消极作用，故排除；C)项提供的原因不正确，故排除。

A.Blood pressure, body weight and lifestyles.
B.Blood levels, blood pressure and lifestyles.
C.Blood pressure, age and lifestyles..
D.Blood pressure, blood levels and body weight.

A B C D

[解析]
What factors are measured in the research?

短文中提到对心脏病的研究中涉及到的几项因素和血有关的因素以及和人的生活方式有关的因素，因此正确选项为B)。

A.Dog is better than a cat because it needs regular exercises.
B.More than half of the 6,000 people enjoy good health.
C.People who have pets in the research have relatively good health.
D.A cat is better than a dog because it does not spread diseases.

A B C D

[解析]
What does the research show?

本文第一句便点明了研究发现宠物有利于身体健康，接下来进一步说明养宠物的人比不养宠物的人健康状况好，故选C)。

Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

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A.Your eyesight.
B.Your driving ability.
C.Your car's mechanical condition.
D.Your knowledge of traffic regulations.

A B C D

[解析] 32-35
To get a driver's license, you must take a series of tests. The first test is the vision test. This test checks your eyes to see if you have to wear glasses when you drive. The second test is a written test that checks your knowledge of highway and traffic regulations. You can prepare for this test by studying a booklet that you can get at the driver's license office. After you pass the written test, you receive an instruction permit. This permit allows you to practise driving with an experienced driver. The last test you have to take is a road test. This checks your driving ability. If you pass it, you will receive your driver's license.
When you go to the driver's license office to take the road test, you must provide your own vehicle. First, the hi cense examiner checks the mechanical condition of your car. Then, the examiner gets into the car with you and' asks you to drive in regular traffic. While you are driving, the examiner tests you for such things as starting, stopping, turning, backing up, and parking. If you can't control the car properly, or if you violate a traffic regulation while you are taking the test, you fail the examination. You will have to practice driving mare antil you take the road test again and pass it.
32．What does the second test check?

从The second test is a written test that checks your knowledge of highway and traffic regulations．可以知道第二项笔试考的是路况和交通规则。

A.To practice driving with an experienced driver.
B.To drive under normal highway condition.
C.To have the car checked by the license officer.
D.To use it as an identification card.

A B C D

[解析]
What does the instruction permit allow you to do?

文中明确提到This permit allows you to practise driving with an experienced driver.，即在取得instruction permit后，你就可以由一位有经验的驾驶员教你怎么开车了。

A.The license office provides the test vehicle.
B.The examiner shows how to start, stop or park.
C.The examiner watches you driving in your car.
D.The test is carried out where there is little traffic.

A B C D

[解析]
According to the passage，what can we learn about the road test?

根据:you must provide your own vehicle(上路测试时的车是考生自备的)，the examiner．．．asks you to drive in regular traffic(考官要求你在正常路况中驾车)，和the examiner tests you for such things as starting，stopping，turning，backing up，and parking(考官考查正常的路况下考生启动、停车、倒车、泊车等一系列技术)，可以最终确定C)正确。

A.Drivers to be.
B.Traffic regulation makers.
C.License examiners.
D.Policemen.

A B C D

[解析]
Who are the most probable readers of the passage?

本文讲述的是取得驾驶执照要经过的一系列测试，听话人应该是想要学车的人们，而不是traffic regulation makers“交通法规制定者”，license examiners“执照检查人”或policemen“警察”。

Section C
Directions: In the section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
In my family, we were taught and shown by examples that polities can be a noble profession, that each of us shouldm 1 the country that has given us so much. Over the past years, 2 , I worry that my own children have 3 a profound fear of government. What is happening makes them 4 , uncertain and afraid -- not unlike many adults.
Though I don't think President Clinton should be 5 from office, I don't forgive his conduct. It was wrong. Children must be taught to tell the truth, and they will be 6 if they don't My 5-year-old son Jack recently saw a picture of Clinton and said, "He lied." I couldn't disagree, but I explained to him that people are 7 by their whole life and work not by the 8 of what they've done.
Certainly, we have the right to know about the character of the people who we elect. 9 . For example, the right to keep our life private. But while anyone who enters the public life must be willing to sacrifice much of their privacy, they should not have to sacrifice all of it. 10 . He was committed to public life, as my family has been since the days of my kids' great-great-grandfather Honey Fitz. 11 .

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serve

谓语动词，从句that has given us so much修饰the country，说明“国家给予我们很多”，那么对于国家我们也应该尽到自己的责任，这里serve与the country构成动宾结构，表示“为国家服务”。

however

转折副词，上文说“我们应该服务国家”，而下文暗示“我担心孩子们对政府产生了畏惧心理”，由此可见，两个内容之间构成对照关系，however一词起过渡作用，恰如其分地将两者衔接起来。

developed

过去分词，有“发展、产生，逐渐形成”之意，与a profound fear of government一起表示“对政府产生深深的畏惧”。

confused

形容词，在句中充当补语成分，并与uncertain和afraid形成并列，三个单词都带有贬义色彩， confused指“困惑的”。

moved

动词的被动语态形式，上文暗示政府方面的一些事情让孩子们丧失信心、感到困惑甚至害怕，所以有些孩子不赞成克林顿当总统，be moved from office在句中表示“下台或免去职务”。

punished

过去分词，空格所在的分句想要表达孩子不诚实带来的后果，punished一词使用了被动语态，意为“受到惩罚”。

judged

动词的被动语态形式，由语境可知“孩子们由克林顿的一张照片得出了他撒谎这一结论，而父亲则解释应该全面地去看待一个人”，judged恰好顺应了这一语境，表示“判断”。

worst

形容词最高级形式，与前面的by构成介宾结构，暗示判断一个人不能仅仅以他做过的最坏事情为依据。

But that right must be balanced against the right to privacy，which often conflicts with other values．

[解析] Our right to privacy often goes against other values and we should make the relationship between that right and this one harmonious.

10.

When asked whether my father would go into politics today，I’d still like to think yes．

[解析] If anybody asked me whether my father would engage in politics today，I’d still like to think yes．

11.

But I fear that today's bad sides will discourage people from both parties from thinking they can make a difference．

[解析] But I'm pretty afraid people from both parties will lose heart and refuse to consider them important because of today's negative happenings．

Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select owe word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item. on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
About six thousand languages are spoken in the world today. But experts 1 that more than half of them are in danger of disappearing. The 2 languages are spoken by some older members of native groups, but not used for everyday life by younger members. As the 3 people die, the language dies with them.
Until recently, most people were not worried about the loss of languages. There was much mote 4 about the loss of different kinds of plants and animals. Now, scientists, cultural experts and many other people are concerned about 5 the different languages in the world. They know that when a language is lost, the culture and much of the knowledge of the 6 community may be lost with it.
Languages are the means by which people seek to explain the world they live in. Information about the 7 world, such as plants that can be used to heal, often is lost when the language dies. Some experts say the 8 of any language is a loss for everyone, not just for the native people who once spoke it.
Experts are trying many methods to increase speakers of endangered languages. Some 9 are small. For example, a language speaker and a learner meet every day for an hour to talk. Other projects are large, such as schools where students are 10 only in their native language.
A. concern I) taught
B. young J) protecting
C. endangered K) estimate
D. confirm L) holding
E. old M) projects
F. regulation N) native
G. natural O) foreign
H) death

根据全文可知主要时态是一般现在时，根据语法此处需要填的就是该时态的谓语动词，符合语法要求的只有A)，K)，故选estimate，意为“推测”。

由句子结构可知此处缺的是定语，英语中可作定语的除了形容词，还有非谓语动词，由此可知备选项很多，但根据上下文的语义，in danger of disappearing和spoken by some older members of native groups， but not used for everyday life by younger members可知，应填表示语言处于危险境地的词，故C)正确。

如果48题选对了，这道题是白送分的。柜据语义可知，年岁大的人才讲这种语言，若老人去世了，这种语言也就消失了。干扰项是B)，恰好与意思相反。

根据语法可知此处应该填名词，符合的选项是A)、F)、H)、M)。通过前文worried about和下文concerned about可知，这里也是表示“忧虑，担心”的意思。所以填名词concern。此外，该词是四级大纲中的热门词汇，建议同学们翻开字典把该词条的所有意义认真掌握，以后再遇到该词就稳操胜券了。

此题乍一看上去，似乎不缺什么成分。因为从语法上about后可以直接加看似宾语的the different languages，实际上这正是此题的干扰处。除了名词外，还有动名词，它不但可以作宾语还可以在后面带自己的宾语。在本题中就是如此设置的，这样一看适合的备选项只有J)和L)，那么，hold虽有“保持”的意思，但英语中的意思与汉语意思绝不相同。同学们不可生搬硬套地单凭翻译意而随便使用英语的词汇。通过上下文语义可知protecting合适。

根据语法可知此处缺定语，通过语义可知这里谈的是如不对濒临消失的语言进行保护，当语言消失时，这种语言所特有的文化也将消失，还有卜文的native people和native language可知填native符合段意“讲该语言的本地团体”，而决不是foreign。

根据语法可知此处缺定语，到现在符合的形容词只有C)，B)，L)和O)。通过下文such as plants that can be used to heal可知谈的是自然世界，故选G)。

由句子结构可知此处缺名词，而上文刚谈到often is lost when the language dies，下文又说到loss for everyone…。可知此处应该是die的名词形式。

由句子结构可知此处是主语不完整要补全，可作主语的名词目前只剩下P)和M)了，而结合前面语义 Experts are trying many methods．．．(专家们正尝试一些方法…)。下文Other projects are large，可知此处必是projects。

10.

由语法可知这里是要补全谓语，在学校里发生在学生身上的动作，很明显选被动语态形式的taught，若有些同学没有按顺序做题，在这里就会受endangered的影响，掌握了全文梗概选这道题也就不难了。

Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One
In Britain arrangement for inviting and entertaining guests at a wedding are usually the responsibility of the bride's family. In most cases it is mainly friends and relations of both families who are invited but when the bride's father is a businessman of some kind, the wedding reception may provide a useful occasion for establishing social connections with clients or customers and other people whose good will may be of advantage to him. It is, however, the bride's mother who has the job of preparing the formal printed invitation cards.
In the case of a church wedding, the vicar(牧师) of each parish in which the bride and bride groom lives is normally informed about a month in advance of the ceremony so that an announcement of the coming wedding can be made in church on each of three Sundays before it takes place. Anyone who may know of an existing marriage of either partner is ordered to give information about it, though this means of avoiding bigamy(重婚罪) must have been more effective in the days when people moved about the world less than they do today. Often up to a hundred or more people attend the religious service and the bride usually wears the traditional long white dress and veil, while her brides maid, who are often children, wear long dresses in attractive colors. This may also happen in the case of a civil wedding in a register office but is probably less usual.
The reception which follows may be held in a restaurant, a local hall or, when there are few guests, in the bride's own home. Refreshments are provided, a special iced wedding-cake is cut (usually to the accompaniment of speeches) and distributed to the guests, toasts are drunk and dancing may follow. At some point in the celebrations, the bride goes off to change into everyday clothes and then leaves the party with her husband to go on their honeymoon, the journey they will make together, often in romantic surroundings abroad.

1. It is the bride's parents who normally have to ______.

A.make all the arrangements for the wedding
B.provide hospitality for the people attending
C.decide who shall be invited
D.pay all the expenses involved

A B C D

文章在第一段的第一句话中就明确指出:在英国，都是由女士父母邀请客人来参加婚礼并款待他们，因此应该选B)。选项A)与文章的第一句话不符；选项C)已包含在A)选项中；选项D)在文章中没有提及。

2. According to the passage some clients or customers may be invited because ______.

A.they are likely to be annoyed if they are not
B.they may give valuable presents
C.their presence could provide future benefits
D.they may help with the expenses of the wedding

A B C D

根据文章第一段第二句话最后other people whose good will may be of advantage to him可以判断，有些客人是对新娘父亲的生意有利的，因此应该选C)。

3. Why are the arrangements for a church wedding usually made some time before?

A.To allow the necessary length of time for publicizing the wedding.
B.To provide time for organizing the reception.
C.To make sure that the guests can arrange to be free on the day.
D.To ensure a thorough investigation of the couple's existing marital status.

A B C D

文章第二段第一句后半句说so that an announcement of the coming wedding can be made in church on each of three Sundays before it takes place，与A)项所述一致，所以应该选A)。B)和C)在文中都没有提到；而D)与本段第二句的意思不符，文中并没有说要对双方已有的婚姻关系进行详细的调查，只是让知情人提出来。

4. What possible difference is suggested between a church and a civil wedding?

A.Civil weddings are less commonly followed by a reception.
B.It is less usual for guests to attend the civil wedding formalities.
C.Guests at civil weddings are less formally dressed.
D.There could be less attention paid at the latter to convention and picturesque effect.

A B C D

文章第二段的最后一句话提到在婚姻登记处举行的市政婚礼上也会出现这种情况(新娘身穿白色的婚纱礼服，并由身着鲜艳礼服的小孩子来充当伴娘)，但是并不多见。由这句话可以判断:教堂婚礼要比市政婚礼隆重，场面也更独特。因此应该选D)。其他三个选项在文章中都没有提及；选项D)中要注意理解convention(习俗)和picturesque(独特的)两个词的含义。

5. The reception normally takes place in the bride's home if ______.

A.this is a large one
B.there is enough room to entertain the people invited
C.the parents cannot afford to hire a hall
D.there is to be no party afterwards

A B C D

文章最后一段的第一句话中明确指出:如果客人少，可以在新娘自己的家里举行婚宴(or，when there are few guests，in the bride's own home)，因此应该选B)。其他三个选项在文中均未提及，故排除。

Passage Two
For most people, shopping is still a matter of wandering down the street or loading a cart in a shopping mall. Soon, that will change. Electronic commerce is growing fast and will soon bring people more choice. There will, however, be a cost: protecting the consumer from cheating will be harder. Many governments,, therefore want to extend street regulations to the electronic world. But politicians would be wiser to see cyberspace as a basis for a new era of corporate self-regulation.
Consumers in rich countries have grown used to the idea that the government takes responsibility for everything from the stability of the banks to the safety of the drugs or their rights to refund when goods are faulty. But governments cannot enforce national laws on businesses whose only presence is on the screen. Even in a country where a clear right to compensation exists, the on-line customer in Tokyo, say, can hardly go to New York to extract a refund for a clothes purchase.
One answer is for government to cooperate more: to recognize each other's rules. But that re quires years of work and volumes of detailed rules. And plenty of countries have rules too fanciful for sober states to accept. There is, however, another choice. Let the electronic businesses do the regulation themselves. They do, after all, have a self-interest in doing so.
In electronic commerce, a reputation for honest dealing will be a valuable competitive asset. Governments, too, may compete to be trusted. For instance, customers ordering medicines on-line may prefer to buy from the United States because they trust the rigorous screening of the Food and Drug Administration; or they may decide that tile FDA's rules are too strict, and buy from Switzerland instead.
Consumers will still need to use their judgment. But precisely because the technology is new, electronic shoppers are likely for a while to be a lot more cautious than consumers of the normal sort - and the new technology will also make it easier for them to complain when a company lets them down. In this way, at least, the advent of cyberspace may argue for fewer consumer protection laws, not more.

1. According to the author, what will be the best policy for electronic commerce?

A.Self-regulation by the business.
B.Strict consumer protection laws.
C.Close international cooperation.
D.Government protection.

A B C D

文中第一段最后两句话指出：尽管政府想对电子购物加以严格的管制，但是让其自我管制可能更为明智(But politicians would be wiser to see cyberspace as a basis for a new era of corporate self-regulation)。同时，在第三段作者又提出最好让电子商务进行自我管制(Let the electronic businesses do the regulation themselves．)，接着举出例子进行阐述。而文章末尾又总结道:电脑空间希望更少的消费者保护法律 (．．．the advent of cyberspace may argue for fewer consumer protection laws，not more．)，因此可进一步确认答案为A)。从文章结尾the advent of cyberspace may argue for fewer consumer protection laws，not more．(电脑空间希望更少的消费者保护法律。)可以排除B)；第三段首先提到国际合作，但接着谈到其困难:But that requires years of work and volumes of detailed rules．And plenty of countries have rules too fanciful for sober states to accept．(需要多年的工作和许多细节。很多国家的规则过于奇怪，另一些冷静的国家不会接受。)排除C)；第二段提到政府保护，但此法也是困难重重:But governments cannot en force national laws on businesses whose only presence is on the screen．Even in a country where a clear right to compensation exists，the on-line customer in Tokyo，say，can hardly go to New York to extract are fund for a clothes purchase．(政府不可能对只在屏幕上出现的生意进行法律管制。即使国家存在明确的赔偿条款，东京网上消费者也几乎不可能因为买件衣服跑到纽约获得赔偿。)排除D)。

2. In case an electronic shopper bought faulty goods from a foreign country, what could he do in the present circumstance?

A.Refuse to pay for the purchase.
B.Go to the seller and ask for a refund.
C.Appeal to consumer protection law.
D.Complain about it via electronic mail.

A B C D

文章最后一段:．，．and the new technology will also make it easier for them to complain when a company lets them down．(如果公司使顾客失望，新技术能使他们抱怨起来更为方便。)由此可以推断客户可以在网上发邮件进行抱怨，即答案为D)。A)文中未提及；文章第二段举例说尽管日本国内法赋予客户进行索赔的权利，而假设一东京的客户通过网络从纽约买件衣服不满意却无法要求退款，所以B)不符合实际；C)与原文不符。

3. In the author's view, businesses would place a high emphasis on honest dealing because in the electronic world ______.

A.international cooperation would be much more enhanced
B.consumers could easily seek government protection
C.a good reputation is a great advantage in competition
D.it would be easy for consumers to complain

A B C D

文章第四段首句说:在电子商务中，诚实交易是很有价值的竞争资产，由此可选出答案C)，C)就是原句的重现。其他选项虽在文中均有提及，但不是电子商务中公司诚实交易的根本原因，事实上其他几项实施起来都是有困难的。

4. We can infer from the passage that in licensing new drugs the FDA in the United States is ______.

A.very quick
B.very cautious
C.very slow
D.rather careless

A B C D

文中第四段指出客户愿意在线购买美国药品的原因是美国食品药物管理机构严格的管理机制。由此可以推出答案为B)cautious“谨慎的，小心翼翼的”，要注意理解rigorous“严格的”的含义。

5. If a customer buys something that does not meet his expectation, what is the advantage of dealing through electronic commerce over the present normal one?

A.It will be easier for him to return the goods he is not satisfied with.
B.It will be easier for him to get back the refund from the seller.
C.It will be easier for him to get his complaints heard by the seller.
D.It will be easier for him to complain about this to the seller.

A B C D

由文章最后一段第二句话的后半部分“这种新技术也使消费者更加容易投诉使他们不满的公司”可知相符的答案为D)。A)提出的“容易退货”文章中没有涉及；B)中的“容易得到退款”与文章第二段的最后一句话相悖；c)最具有诱惑性，因为也提到了“投诉”问题，但是，原文只是说“容易投诉”，并没涉及到“能更容易使销售公司听到投诉”，这是两个概念的问题。

Part Ⅴ Cloze
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Small business owners most accept the burdens of entrepreneurship (企业家的职责). Being in business for yourself requires your full attention. You seldom leave the office or shop at 5 p.m. 1 do you leave job problems there. They follow you home as business homework. This 2 less time for your personal life.
The 3 you sought can put you on the spot. You don't report to a boss. But you do 4 as hard as possible to serve your customers. They are your" 5 ". You also have to compete with creditors, employees, suppliers, and tax collectors. In other words, you are never really 6 .
Small firms can seldom afford to 7 enough employees so that each can specialize. You may have to prepare ads, 8 records, make sales calls, and collect bad debts. You must be able to "wear many hats". 9 all these tasks take up lots of time. But you cannot 10 long-range planning. You have to set goals and develop plans to meet them. Give too 11 time to management and your business will fail.
The major cause of business 12 is poor management. Of every three business that start, two fail. 13 half fail in the first five years. A per son with limited talents may be able to hold a job in a large firm 14 others will pick up the slack (松懈，懈怠). When you are in business 15 yourself, there is no one to "carry you".
Even if your firm 16 , you may still have little money to spend. You may work hard for months and not take a penny out, 17 the salary you pay yourself. The reason is you may have to 18 your profits in the firm for long-term growth. Or you may need to meet short-term 19 for cash. You may not even be able to draw a salary 20 the firm becomes a truly going concern.

A.So
B.Also
C.Nor
D.Either

A B C D

逻辑衔接题。前文提到requires your full attention(需要你全部的精力)，下文提到They follow you home as business home work(他们即会跟你回家，成为商务家庭作业)，可知该句意思是“你也不能将工作上的问题留在那儿(办公室或商店里)”，nor引导的句子跟在一个否定句后面，表示“也不”，而a句中主谓要倒装(do you leave)。so、also和either均无否定意义，所以不符合文意。

A.maintains
B.means
C.leads
D.suggests

A B C D

动词辨析。这句话的意思是说由于忙于自己的生意，个人生活时间就相应减少，这种关系显而易见，因此选用mean“意味着”，mean后直接跟宾语，如:I mean the red one，not the green one．(我是指那个红的，不是绿的。)maintain“继续，保持，维持”，如:He failed again and again simply because he had maintained his defeatist attitude．(因为他一直坚持失败主义的态度，所以一次又一次地失败。)lead“带领，领导”，宾语常是人，如:lead the peasants’movement(领导农民运动)；suggest“暗示，暗含着…的意思”，如:That girl's suntanned face suggests excellent health．(那个姑娘被太阳晒黑了的脸表明她身体非常健康。)

A.prosperity
B.property
C.fortune
D.independence

A B C D

名词辨析。根据后文You don't report to a boss(你不必向老板汇报)，说明小企业主追求的是一种独立，即independence，而这里所要讲的也正是私营企业主获得独立(independence)所要付出的脑力、体力上的代价，以及所要克服的困难。prosperity“繁荣”，如:Peace brings prosperity．(和平带来繁荣。) property“财产”，如:This car is my property，(这辆车是我的财产。)fortune“财富”，如:He made a fortune by selling houses．(他靠卖房子发了财。)这几个词虽看似合理，但并不合文意。

A.try
B.act
C.manage
D.perform

A B C D

惯用搭配题。try常作try to do sth.，指“努力，试图做某事”，并且常被hard修饰，表示“非常努力”，如:He tried to climb the tree，but he could not.(他试图爬树，可爬不上去。)act“采取行动”，其后一般不跟不定式作目的状语，也不被hard修饰，如:Think before you act．(三思而后行。)manage to do sth．“成功做某事”，如:He managed to avoid an accident．(他设法避免事故。)也不用hard来修饰；perform“履行，完成”，后多直接跟task job，duty这样的词作宾语，且不被hard修饰，如:The doctor performed the operation．(医生进行手术。)

A.superior
B.manager
C.boss
D.director

A B C D

名词辨析。第二段第二句的boss是该空的线索词，“你没有老板可报告，而他们(顾客)就是你的老板。”这里要遵循文章前后照应的原则。superior指“上级，职位高的人”，如:He has no superior in the company．(他在公司职位最高。)manager“经理”，如:employed manager(受雇经理人)；director“总裁”，如:the board of the directors(董事会)。

A.lucky
B.free
C.relaxed
D.happy

A B C D

形容词辨析。第一段提到做老板就得从早忙到晚，回家也不得休息。第二段又说除了顾客外，还要和债主、雇员、供货商等打交道，作者在这里强调的是“你永远没有空闲”，故选B)。lucky“幸运的”，如: I was lucky that I met you here．(我在这儿见到你真走运。)文章没有提到运气，故排除；relaxed“放松的”，如:I feel much relaxed after examination．(考试后我感到很轻松。)头两段没有提到压力的问题，所以也无所谓放松，排除C)；happy“快乐的”，如:They have a happy marriage．(他们的婚姻很美满。)文中亦没有提到关于快乐和悲伤的问题，排除D)。

A.hire
B.rent
C.let
D.charter

A B C D

动词辨析。下文谈到老板得事必躬亲，多才多艺。而造成这种情况的原因可能就是小公司没有能力雇佣足够的员工，hire“雇佣(劳动力，职员等)”符合文意，如:We hired an advertising company to help us sell our new software．(我们委托一家广告公司替我们推销新软件。)rent“租用，出租(工具，房屋等)”，如:My father rents an office in the city，(我父亲在城里租了间办公室。)let“租给(房屋等)”，如:let a house(出租房子)；charter“包租(尤指飞机)”，如:charter flights(包机)。

A.set
B.break
C.keep
D.establish

A B C D

惯用搭配题。根据句意，公司日常事务可能包括记录等，keep可表示“记，写，记录”，后常跟diary，re cord，account(账目)等词作宾语，所以为本题的答案。set a record“创下一项记录”；break records“打破记录”；establish“确立，建立(一个组织，单位，规则等)”；但这些都不属于公司的日常事务范畴。

A.Persisting
B.Acquiring
C.Regulating
D.Performing

A B C D

动词辨析。这里需要填入一个及物动词。perform“完成，履行(任务，工作，职责等)”，后常接task， job，duty等词作宾语，如:perform a task(做一份工作)。persist“坚持，固执地做某事”，不及物动词，用于persist in/with sth．的结构，如:persist in the study of English(坚持学习英语)；acquire“获得，得到”，强调通过一定的努力后天习得，如:She acquired knowledge of the English by careful study.(她认真学习而精通英语。)regulate“使经常化，规范化”，如:regulate one's eating habits(使饮食习惯有规律)。

10.

A.deny
B.offend
C.refuse
D.neglect

A B C D

动词辨析。前文描述了做老板的繁忙，后文谈到冉忙也得制定并实现长期计划，可以推论这中间肯定讲再忙也不能忽略长期计划，因此选用neglect“忽略，忽视”，如:If you neglect this property，it will depreciate.(如果你忽视这份资产，它无形中就贬值了。)deny“否认(一项指控)，否定，拒绝接受”，如:He denied the charge．(他否认了控告。)offend“(以不礼貌的语言，行为方式等)冒犯，使气愤”，如:Her words offended me．(她的话伤害了我的感情。)refuse“拒绝”，常和to连用，如:She refused to help me． (她不肯帮助我。)

11.

A.few
B.little
C.bit
D.slight

A B C D

形容词辨析。这句话后半句的意思是“生意就会垮掉”，可以推出肯定是说时间投入少，生意才会垮，所以需要选一个修饰time的，表示“少的”含义的形容词，即little，修饰不可数名词，意为“极少的，几乎没有的”，如:stay a little while(稍停一会儿)。few与little同义，但修饰可数名词，如:Few people like snakes．(很少有人喜欢蛇。)bit是名词，表示“一点儿，稍微”时用作a bit (of sth．)，且不含否定意义，如:The modern opera was a bit of disappointment；we expected it to be much better．(这部现代歌剧有点令人失望，比我们想象中的要差得多。)slight表示“(程度上的)轻微的，稍微的”，不表示数量，如:I have a slight headache．(我有点头疼。)

12.

A.failure
B.reduction
C.depression
D.inefficiency

A B C D

名词辨析。failure“失败，未能达到所期望或所要求的状态”，可根据上一句中出现词汇线索(．．．and your business will fail)和下一句的线索(Of every three business that start，two fail．)来选择，即“管理不善”带来的后果是生意失败。reduction强调数量上的“减少，降低”，如:a reduction of 12 percent in violent crime(暴力犯罪率下降12个百分点)；depression指“(整个经济的)萧条，衰退”，如:business depression(商业萧条)；inefficiency“低效”，如:point out certain inefficiencies in the shipping operation(指出船舶运作过程中的一些低效之处)，该词放在这里意义上没有与上下文相互照应。

13.

A.Mostly
B.Already
C.Nearly
D.Always

A B C D

副词辨析。能与后面half连用的词只有表示“约略”含义的nearly“几乎，差不多”，后多接。all，every， half及具体的数字。mostly“几乎都，大概，通常”相当于almost all，后不接表示数量的词，如:We are mostly ont on Sundays．(我们星期日经常外出。)already“已经”，多修饰完成时态的动词，如:She had al ready gone when I arrived．(我到的时候她已经走了。)always“总是，永远”，频度副词，常修饰动词，如: He always comes late．(他总是迟到。)

14.

A.before
B.when
C.because
D.therefore

A B C D

逻辑衔接题。根据句意，空格后引出的是原因状语(因为别人的工作弥补了低效率的人落下的工作，所以才能有限的人在大公司里能保住工作)。before和when引出时间状语；therefore引出结果。

15.

A.by
B.for
C.upon
D.from

A B C D

惯用搭配题。幻r可表示“为了，有助于，有益于”，for oneself“为自己”。by oneself通常表示“独自，单独”；upon和from不和oneself构成惯用搭配，且意义与句意相差甚远。

16.

A.approves
B.enlarges
C.permits
D.succeeds

A B C D

动词辨析。上文讲生意很容易失败，这段段首的even if表示转折，“甚至即使…，也还可能没多少钱花”，这里选填的词应该与“失败”反义，即succeed“(事业等)成功，顺利”，如:His business has succeeded，and is making a lot to of money.(他的生意很成功，赚了很多钱。)approve“同意，赞同(某个观点、看法)”，主语多是人，如:My parents don't approve of me smoking cigarettes．(我的父母不准许我吸烟。)en large“(尤指尺寸上的)(使)扩大，增大，扩展”，如:This photograph is a bit old and probably won't be enlarged well．(这张照片太老了些，很可能放大了效果不好。)permit“允许，容许”，如:Write me when time permits．(有时间请写信给我。)

17.

A.except for
B.together with
C.in spite of
D.as well as

A B C D

短语辨析。except for“除了”，常常在对某事进行整体描述之后，引出细节上的修饰，如:“工作数月而拿不到一分钱”是整体描述，而“给自己发的工资”是细节上的补充。together with“和…一起，共同”； in spite of“尽管，虽然”；as well as“除了…，还…”，引出并列项，没有except for的含义。

18.

A.reproduce
B.resolve
C.reserve
D.reinvest

A B C D

动词辨析。根据常识，商业经营需要不断投资，才能不断扩大，而且前文说“工作数月拿不到一分钱”，其原因通常是把钱又拿去投资了，reinvest“再投资”。reproduce“使再被看到，听到，重现”，如:re produce a picture(复制一张图片)；resolve“决定，决心”，常与on和upon连用，如:She resolved on making an early start．(她决定早早出发。)reserve“预定(座位，房间等)”，如:I have reserved a room for you at the hotel．(我已在旅馆为你预订了一个房间。)

19.

A.sales
B.businesses
C.demands
D.necessaries

A B C D

惯用搭配题。该句表达的是“工作数月拿不到钱”的另外一个可能原因，即对现金的短期需求，demand经常和for连用，表示“对…的需求”。sales“销售”，如:the sales department(销售部)；businesses “生意，公司”，如:Business has been bad this year．(今年生意很糟糕。)necessaries“必需品”，如:a few necessaries for the journey(旅行的一些必需品)。

20.

A.lest
B.until
C.even if
D.as soon as

A B C D

逻辑衔接题。句中的going在这里表示“运转良好的，营业发达的”，until用在这里使上下文连接通顺，逻辑合理，表示“在公司运转正常之前甚至可能连工资都拿不到”，另外，not．．．until．．．是个常用句型，表示“直到…才…”。lest“以防，以免”，后面的从句常用虚拟语气，如:I obeyed her lest she should be angry．(我得顺着她，免得她生气。)even of“即使，尽管”，如:Even if I don't like her，I won't offend her．(我即使不喜欢她，也不会得罪她。)用在这里会使句意不合常珲。as soon as“一…就…”，如:It begins to rain as soon as he arrives at home．(他一到家，天就开始下雨。)意思与文意不符，另外，含有as soon as引导的从句的主句—般不用否定形式。

Part Ⅵ Translation
Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

1. I didn't argue with her as it ________________________ (没有用).

would have been useless

本题考查动词的虚拟语气，若主句是一般过去时，则从句经常用would+动词现在完成时。

2. He is one of ________________________ (在世的最好的演员).

the best actors who an still alive

本题考查是作表语的形容词用法，alive是表语形容词，不能作定语。

3. ________________________ (只有以这种方式我们才能获得) all the information we needed in our research.

Only in this way did we obtain

本题考查only放在句首倒装的情况，同时obtain表示得到自己寻找或需要的某物。

4. He ________________________ (把美元兑换成英镑) upon arriving in London.

converted his dollars into pounds