Use of English It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases 1 the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be 2 in our past experiences, which are brought into the present 3 memory. Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep 4 available for later use. It includes not only " 5 " things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also any 6 in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is 7 when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something 8 in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child 9 to swing a baseball bat. Memory 10 not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain 11 for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory-storage 12 of a computer 13 that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100, 000 "words"—ready for 14 use. An average American teenager probably 15 the meanings of about 100, 000 words of English. 16 , this is but a fraction of the total 17 of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the 18 of facts and places that the teenager can recognize on sight. The use of 19 is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and 20 of words.
1.
A.of
B.to
C.for
D.on
A B C D
A
[解析] 考查介词辨析。根据上下文的The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions和the roots of our habits and skills可推知，此处应该用of，故A项为正确答案。
The idea that people might be chosen or rejected for jobs on the basis of their genes disturbs many. Such 21 may, however, be a step 22 , thanks to work just published in Current Biology by Derk-Jan Dijk and his colleagues at the University of Surrey, in England. Dr. Dijk studies the biology of time-keeping—in particular of the part of the internal body-clock that 23 people to sleep and wakes them up. One of the genes involved in 24 this clock is known as PER3 and 25 in two forms. Dr. Dijk's work 26 that one of these forms is more conducive to night-shift work than the other. The two forms of PER3 27 into two slightly different proteins, one of which is longer than the other. 28 work by this group showed that people with two short versions of the gene are more likely to be "owls", 29 to get up late and go to bed late. "Larks"— 30 , early risers, have two long versions. Pursuing this 31 of enquiry, Dr. Dijk and his team have been studying how such people 32 to sleep deprivation. Two dozen volunteers, some genetic owls and some genetic larks, were forced to stay awake for two days. The genetic larks reacted to this worse than the owls did. 33 , larks given memory tests and puzzles to 34 between the hours of four and eight in the morning turned 35 far worse performances than did owls. What 36 that may have for employers is not fully clear. Nevertheless, it is intriguing. There may 37 come a time when employers 38 night shifts will want a blood sample from 39 employees— 40 to protect themselves against negligence suits should someone have an accident.
[解析] 考查逻辑关系。破折号及空格处短语用来说明“百灵鸟”与“早睡早起的人”之间的关系，根据语境可知，此处在对比百灵鸟和夜猫子的生活习惯，因此可以推知，“百灵鸟”就是“早睡早起的人”，因此C．in other words“换句话说”符合文意，为正确答案。to be specific“具体地说”。so to speak“可以这样说”，put simply“简单地说”，均不符合题意。
31.
A.run
B.line
C.chain
D.train
A B C D
B
[解析] 考查名词辨析。根据文意可知，空格处指代上文有关“夜猫子”、“百灵鸟”与基因有关的理论。B．line可以表示“方法，方式”，代入文中，意为“沿着这个思路。狄克博士和他的研究小组一直在研究……”，符合文意，为最佳选项。the run of sth. 意为“……的态势”，a chain of sth. 意为“一连串……”，the train of sth. 意为“一系列……”，均不符合题意。
[解析] 考查逻辑关系及介词短语辨析。空格前阐述：在被迫两天不睡的情况下，百灵鸟比夜猫子的反应要糟糕。空格后阐述：在早晨四点至八点间，百灵鸟的表现更差劲。由此推知，此处为递进关系。只有B．In particular“特别，尤其”符合题意。因此正确答案为B项。In short“简言之”，表总结；In any event“无论如何”，表让步；On the contrary“相反”，表对比，均不符合题意。
34.
A.solve
B.answer
C.work
D.settle
A B C D
A
[解析] 考查动词辨析。空格处所需动词与to构成不定式短语，修饰前面的memory tests and puzzles，只有solve“解决，解答”符合文意，代入文中，表示“解答记忆力测试问题与智力游戏”。answer“回答，答复”；work表示“解决，找出答案”时常与out连用，不符合此处用法；settle“解决(争论、争端等)”，不符合此处搭配。因此正确答案为A．solve。
35.
A.up
B.on
C.in
D.over
A B C D
C
[解析] 考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，本句意在表达：百灵鸟的表现要比夜猫子差很多。turn in sth. 表示“取得，完成，获得”，代入文中，表示百灵鸟完成测试的情况，符合语境。turn up意为“开大，调高(音量等)，找到，出现”；turn on意为叶丁开，接通，突然表现得，依靠”，turn over意为“翻转，认真思考”，均不符合文意。因此正确答案为C．in。
36.
A.preferences
B.inferences
C.requirements
D.implications
A B C D
D
[解析] 考查上下文语义及名词辨析。空格处所在处为what引导的名词性从句，正常语序为：that may have what ______ for employers, implication意为“可能的影响、结果或作用”，可以与介词for搭配，代入文中，表示“这个研究会对雇主有何意义尚不完全清楚”，符合文意。preference意为“偏爱，偏好”，inference意为“推断，结论”，requirement“要求，必要条件”，均不符合文意，因此正确答案为D．implications。
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题