Section A In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
[解析] M: Do you like Ben Brown's novels? W: I couldn't put his latest one down until the last chapter.
对话中女士提及直到最后一章看完，她才把他最新的小说放下，因此可知，女士很喜欢那部小说。
2. How many days will the woman be traveling?
A.9.
B.11.
C.15.
A B C
A
[解析] M: When do you leave for holiday? W: On the fifteenth. We're flying. The flight takes nine and a half hours. M: And when are you back? W: On the twenty-fourth. I'll give you a ring when we're back.
女士提到十五号走，二十四号回来，因此她一共旅行9天。
3. What is the woman most likely?
A.A patient.
B.A chemist.
C.A doctor.
A B C
B
[解析] M: What would you recommend for a cough? W: Well, I can give you some cough medicine, but if it's very bad, you ought to see a doctor.
女士提及要给男士开药，并告诉他如果病没好，要去看医生。所以可知，这个女士是药剂师。
4. What's the probable relationship between the man and the woman?
A.Colleagues.
B.Classmates.
C.Husband and wife.
A B C
A
[解析] W: Hello, George, pleased to meet you. Welcome to the company! My name is Jane and I'm going to show you around the office. M: Hello, Jane! Thank you very much.
女士要带男士看办公室，因此可知，他们可能是同事。
5. Who is in favor of communicating on line?
A.The mart.
B.The woman.
C.Both.
A B C
B
[解析] M: I don't think it's sociable to contact someone by e-mail and talk to a computer screen. I mean, it's like talking to a robot. W: Well, I think, it's good to be connected to e-mail, because it's a spontaneous way of communicating, with people all over the world.
女士在对话中说通过电子邮件可以和全世界的人聊天，因此可知女士对电子邮件持肯定意见。
Section B In this Section, you will hear two interviews. Each interview will be read only once. At the end of each interview, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
1. When is BBC's Overseas Students at British Universities on air every day?
A.6:30 AM.
B.8:30 GMT.
C.18:30 Greenwich Mean Time.
A B C
C
[解析] 6-10 Delia Robinson: It's 18:30 GMT and welcome to BBC's Overseas Students at British Universities. I'm Delia Robinson. In our series of broadcast Overseas Students at British Universities yesterday, we talked about students from Russia. Today, we will have an interview with four Chinese students that are studying at the University of Oxford. We only want to concentrate on one aspect only. We all know that China is still a developing country. For a student from a country where the average income is much lower than that in Britain, how does he or she finance their studies? First we would like to introduce Mrs. Wang. Mrs. Wang, how do you manage to finance your studies? Mrs. Wang: I do not have to work and can completely concentrate on my studies. I belong to the lucky ones that were chosen by our working unit back home in China to apply for a government scholarship. Students like me are mostly older. Most of us already finished our university studies in China before coming to Britain for research work or for continued professional training. I am a physicist and do some research on plasma-physics. My government pays me 1000 pounds each month. With this money I finance my expenses. I will stay for one year in Oxford and will then return to my former Chinese institute in Shanghai. Delia Robinson: Thank you very much, Mrs. Wang. Next we want to introduce Mr. Zhu. He was provided with a scholarship from the British Council. Unlike Mrs. Wang, He had to pass the IELTS (International English Language Testing System), since he wanted to graduate in Oxford. Before coming to Britain he had already taken part in a one-year IELTS preparation course in Xi' an, his hometown. He is now supported with 1200 pounds each month.
6．从对话开头“It's 18:30 GMT and welcome to BBC's Overseas Students at British Universities. I'm Delia Robinson.”可推知选项C正确。
2. What is today's broadcast series about?
A.How Chinese students manage to come to Britain.
B.How to apply for a scholarship.
C.How Chinese students finance their studies.
A B C
C
"Today, we will have an interview with four Chinese students that are studying...how does he or she finance their studies?" 介绍了今天的话题是中国留学生如何筹集自己的学费。
3. Mrs. Wang belongs to the type of students who ______.
A.live on a scholarship provided by their working unit back in China
B.are usually older
C.haven't finished their college education in China yet
A B C
B
Mrs. Wang首次介绍自己时说“I do not have to work…are mostly older. ”A项错在the scholarship不是由their working unit提供的，而是由government提供的，选项B是正确的。
4. How much does the Chinese government pay Mrs. Wang each month?
A.1,000 pounds.
B.1,200 pounds.
C.1,000 dollars.
A B C
A
从Mrs. Wang的回答My government pays me 1000 pounds each month可知是1000英镑。
5. Which of the following about Mr. Zhu is NOT true?
A.Mr. Zhu also lives on a scholarship.
B.Mr. Zhu is from Xi'an.
C.Mr. Zhu receives around 1,200 dollars per month.
[解析] 11-15 Interviewer: Mr. Bacon, what is your job exactly? Bacon: I'm a vet, veterinary surgeon in general practice, looking after all different sorts of animals—sheep, goats, pigs, horses, dogs, cats—we even have some lions and tigers at the zoo and we have a few bears, wolves, otters—you name it we look after it. Interviewer: What sort of pets do people bring you here to your surgery mainly? Bacon: Well, mostly it's going to be dogs and cats but then we have snakes and parrots and rats and ferrets and all other animals that people keep as pets. Interviewer: You mention snakes—why do you think people keep snakes? What's the attraction in that? Bacon: Well, I quite like snakes but I wouldn't actually want one as a pet, um... I think.., some people are very keen on snakes, they like having them. Interviewer: Maybe they are keeping them to frighten other people. All right, Mr. Bacon, now the British people have a reputation for being very animal-minded. Do you think the British spend more money on their animals than on their children? Bacon: It depends on the people. Some people are very good with their animals, some people are reasonable with their animals, some go absolutely over the top and treat them far better than they would to their children, and unfortunately there are a group of people that are cruel to their animals and so we do a certain amount of work with the RoyalRSPCA. Interviewer: What experience have you had of people who treat their animals too well? Bacon: Lots of animals come in for surgery with lipstick marks on their head—we regard that as a specific sort of condition here and we always make a comment on it. Interviewer: Do you think animals are good for people's health? Bacon: Well, of late we now talk about companion animals rather than pets and certainly people are taking dogs and cats into hospitals, to old people's homes where a social contact is needed and this sort of petting of animals seems to help old people, and certainly we have old people who have budgerigars and other small animals and they're very much of their life—they maybe see one person every two days but their animal is with them all the time, and it's a companion. Interviewer: Do animals ever attack you when you're handling them? Bacon: Mostly we handle them very easily, it's only occasionally that we get hurt by animals, scratched and bitten by cats, bitten by dogs, and my partner recently got a fractured leg because of an angry horse—so we have a dangerous job as well as an enjoyable job. I think probably the thing I like best about it is delivering new animals. It never fails to amaze me how one moment you can have one mother and the next moment you can have a pile of animals and, I think the day I don't get pleasure out of delivering new born animals I shall give up. Interviewer: But you're still very much interested in your job? Bacon: Oh, I love it. I would like a lot less paperwork, and I'd like just to do veterinary medicine, but unfortunately you take on a sort of package. Interviewer: OK, thank you very much indeed.
11．开头Bacon就明确指出他的工作是兽医。
2. What sort of pets do people bring to the surgery mainly?
A.Cats and dogs.
B.Snakes and parrots.
C.Rats and ferrets.
A B C
A
从mostly it's going to be dogs and cats可知大多是狗和猫。
3. Does Mr. Bacon think the British spend more money on their animals than their children?
A.Yes, the British people are very animal-minded.
B.No, a group of people are cruel to their animals.
C.It depends on the people.
A B C
C
根据回答It depends on the people可知是因人而异。
4. Does Mr. Bacon think animals are good for people's health?
A.Yes, they are companion to old people.
B.No.
C.Not mentioned.
A B C
A
由Bacon的回答可知他认为动物能给老人作伴，对于他们的健康有好处。
5. Is Mr. Bacon still very much interested in his job?
A.Yes, he loves it.
B.No, he would like a lot less paperwork.
C.Not mentioned.
A B C
A
从I love it…you take on a sort of package可知他热爱自己的工作。
Section C In this section, you will hear five short news items. Each item will be read only once. After each item, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
1. According to the BBC correspondent, the Greeks are worried that Annan has offered too much to the ______ side.
A.Greek
B.Greek Cypriot
C.Turkish Cypriots
A B C
C
[解析] Representatives of the Greek and Greek Cypriot Governments have expressed concern of changes made by the UN Secretary, General Kofi Annan to the Cyprus reunification plan. The BBC correspondent at the talks says the Greeks are worried he's offered too much to the Turkish side. The UN plan says the Turkish Cypriots must give up some territory whilst the number of Greeks allowed back has been reduced.
新闻中提到the Greeks are worried he's offered too much to the Turkish side，根据上下文可知此处的代词he指的是联合国主席Annan。而Turkish side是指土耳其裔塞浦路斯人，故C项正确。
2. Which of the following is TRUE about the American spy plane?
A.China refused to let it land in Hong Kong.
B.It crashed over the South China Sea.
C.It crashed with Chinese fighter plane on April 3rd.
A B C
B
[解析] In Hong Kong the American airplane carrier—the US constellation and 6 support ships arrived on Monday for a six-day-port-visit. The visit comes several days after China refused to permit a United States military plane to land in Hong Kong. The plane was said to be on the normal training flight. This is the biggest port visit since an American spy plane crashed with the Chinese fighter plane on April first. The two planes crashed in international airspace over the South China Sea.
3. How many people died in the clashes between Iraqi demonstrators and US troops?
A.More than 8.
B.More than 13.
C.More than 38.
A B C
C
[解析] Iraqi demonstrators, many of them disciples of a Shiite cleric, clashed again Monday with US troops in Baghdad and other Iraqi cities. At least eight Americans and more than thirty Iraqis have been reported killed in the rallying. But the United States says it remains firmly committed to handing over power to the Iraqi people on June 30th despite new questions about Iraq's overall stability.
新闻中提到At least eight Americans and more than thirty Iraqis have been reported killed in the rallying，即共死亡38人，C项正确。
4. What can we infer from the news?
A.The US and Britain have made a thorough examination on weapons before they started war.
B.The UN weapons inspection has been in abeyance because of the war.
C.The US and Britain have found evidence that Iraq owned some atomic weapons.
A B C
B
[解析] The former chief weapons inspector of the United Nations has criticized British Prime Minister Tony Blair. Hans Blix said that Mister Blair did not think carefully when examining intelligence about weapons in Iraq before the war started. Mister Blix also said that the United States and Britain should have permitted him to complete his work in Iraq. He said weapons inspectors would have realized in time that the intelligence received from Iraqi exiles was wrong.
新闻提到Mister Blix要求英美两国允许他complete his work in Iraq，此句说明核武器核查并没有完成，因为战争而被搁置了，故B项正确。
5. Which of the followings is NOT the topic of the meetings between the two presidents?
A.Nuclear weapons.
B.Terrorism.
C.Illegal drugs.
A B C
A
[解析] President Bush has met with Colombia President Alvaro Uribe in Washington. They discussed trade, terrorism and Colombia's fight against rebels and illegal drugs. After the meeting, Mr. Bush and Mr. Uribe announced that their governments will begin negotiating a free trade agreement in May. The Colombia leader is on a four-day visit to Washington. Reports say Mr. Uribe urged the United States to extend aid to Colombia for five more years to help destroy coco industry in the country. Coco is used to produce the illegal drug cocaine.
新闻中提到双方会谈的主题主要有trade；terrorism；Colombia's fight against rebels; illegal drugs，故A项正确。
Section D In this section, you will hear a course about Physical Education information. It will be played only once. For answers 21-30, complete the notes. You will need to write a word or a short phrase. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. The physical fitness instructor's course is offered as a 1 . This employment must be 2 to sports administration. For the 3 we offer a one-year diploma course. Physical Education Teacher course needs 4 as it is entered directly by school leavers. A six-month certificate is offered for the 5 . A Physical Fitness Instructor works in health and fitness centers 6 for ordinary members of the public. The duties for Sports Administrators include booking 7 . Sports Psychologists spend time with professional athletes helping them approach competition with a 8 PE Teachers instruct young students in how to 9 and do other recreational activities correctly and safely. The aim for the recreation officers is to raise people's awareness of healthy lifestyles and 10 .
[解析] 21-30 Welcome to further education Information Week. This is the Physical Education Faculty's session and I'm the Head of the Faculty. During the course of this morning we hope to give you a clear idea of what we offer in our training programs and we will look at the types of course and the entry requirements, if any, for those courses. Some of these courses are open to school leavers, but for some you need previous qualifications, or relevant successful employment. So firstly, the Physical Fitness Instructor's course is offered as a six-month certificate course, which includes an important component of personal fitness but there are no specific entry requirements. For sports administrators we provide a four-month certificate course but you should be aware that this is designed for those who are in employment. This employment must be current and related to sports administration. For the Sports Psychologist course we offer a one year diploma course, but this diploma course is available only to those who already hold a degree in psychology, so you need to make sure you have that before you apply to do this course. Now... for Physical Education Teachers we offer a four-year degree in education. This degree course is designed for preparing students to teach in primary and secondary school and needs no prior qualifications as it is entered directly by school leavers. And lastly for the Recreation Officer's course we offer a six-month certificate. Entry to this course normally includes applicants of a wide range of ages and experiences, but we don't insist on any prerequisites for this course. Remember that this is a vocational training institute. We train you so that you can take up a particular kind of job. So it is important that you know the main roles of the jobs what the work is like and what kind of qualities you need to succeed at them. A Physical Fitness Instructor works in health and fitness centers preparing individual programs for ordinary members of the public. Physical Fitness Instructors prepare routines of exercises to suit the individual client's age and level of fitness. Sports Administrators run clubs and sporting association. Their duties include such things as booking playing fields with local councils and organizing the schedule of games or events for the club, so they need good organizational skills. Sports Psychologists spend time with professional athletes helping them approach competition with a positive mental attitude to enable them to achieve their personal best. They do this by improving motivation and concentration or assisting with stress management. Physical Education or PE Teachers instruct young students in how to exercise, play sports, and do other recreational activities correctly and safely. PE Teachers help the development of coordination, balance, posture, and flexibility with things like simple catching and throwing skills. They are not expected in all sports, but must be able to show students the basic techniques involved in a wide range of activities. Recreation Officers often find themselves working for local government authorities and local groups. Their aim is to raise people's awareness of healthy lifestyles and improved general fitness through arranging recreational activities .for groups of all ages from the very young to the elderly. There are many other job opportunities which our graduates can look forward to.
2.
related to
3.
Sports Psychologist
4.
no prior qualification
5.
recreation officer's course
6.
preparing individual programs
7.
playing fields
8.
positive mental attitude
9.
exercise, play sports
10.
improved general fitness
Part Ⅱ Multiple Choice
Section A Directions: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
1. When she heard the bad news, her eyes ______ with tears as she struggled to control her emotions.
10. If this university ______ such a good reputation, I would not have come here.
A.didn't have
B.hadn't had
C.doesn't have
D.hasn't had
A B C D
A
从句所陈述的条件是与现在事实相反的一种假设，故动词用一般过去时；而主句表示的动作与过去的事实相反，所以用would have done。
Section B Directions: There are 5 incomplete statements or questions about some English speaking countries in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the most suitable answer from the given choices. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
2. According to the theory of semantic triangle, a word is not directly related to the thing it refers to. They are connected by ______.
A.meaning
B.reference
C.concept
D.sense
A B C D
C
这种意义理论认为单词和事物之间的联系不是直接的，必须靠人脑中的概念作为中介来连接。
3. The largest river in England is ______.
A.the Severn River
B.the Thames River
C.Ben Nevis
D.the Laugh Neigh
A B C D
B
泰晤士河是英国最大的河流。全长338公里。
4. The official name of the United Kingdom is ______.
A.the United Kingdom of Great Britain
B.the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
C.the United Kingdom of Britain and Northern Ireland
D.the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
A B C D
D
英国全称为“大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国”。
5. The House of Commons consists of ______ Members of Parliament.
A.551
B.651
C.751
D.851
A B C D
B
英国国会下院包括651名议会成员，每个国会议员代表一个选区。
Part Ⅲ Cloze Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word in three ways: according to the context; using the correct form of the given words; according to the given letters of the words. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word in three ways: according to the context; using the correct form of the given words; according to the given letters of the words. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. One of the questions coming into focus as we face growing scarcity of resources in the world is how to divide limited resources among countries. In the international development com 1 , the coronal wisdom has been that the billion people living in poor countries could never expect to r 2 the standard of living that most of the people in North America enjoy, simply because the world does not contain enough iron ore, protein, petroleum, and so on. At the same time, we in the United States have continued to pursue super-affluence as though there were no limits 3 how much we could consume. We m 4 only 6 percent of the world's people; yet we consume one third of the world's resources. As long as the resources we consumed each year came primarily from w 5 our own boundaries, this was largely an internal matter. But as our resources come more and more from the outside world, we will no longer be able to think in 6 of "our" resources and "their" resources, but only of c 7 resources. As Americans consume such a(n) 8 (proportion) share of the world's resources, we have to question whether or not we can continue our pursuit of super-affluence in a world of 9 (scarce). We are now reaching the point at which we must carefully examine the presumed link between our level of well-being and the level of material goods consumed. If you have only one crust of bread and get another crust of bread, your well-being is greatly enhanced. But if you have a loaf of bread, then an additional crust of bread doesn't make d 10 . In the eyes of most of the world today, Americans have their loaf of bread and are asking for still more. The prospect of a scarcity of, and competition in, the world's resources requires that we re-examine the way in which we relate to the rest of the world.
1.
community
community社会整体，大众。这里指由各个国家共同构成却又彼此独立的有机整体。
2.
reach
reach the standard of living达到生活标准。
3.
on
limit后能接of，to，on/upon等介词，意思不相同。limit后接on，指对…施加限制，如：place a limit on the number of visitors限制参观的人数。limit后接of指…的限制，如：reach the limit of one's patience达到了忍无可忍的地步。
4.
make
make构成。此句译为：我们只占世界人口的6%，但我们消费的资源却占世界三分之一。
5.
within 该句译为：既然我们过去每年消耗的资源主要来自国内，这个问题基本上就只属于本国内部事务。与后一句的from the outside world形成对比，故填within。
6.
terms
in terms of根据，按照，用…的话，在…方面。
7.
common
common共有的，强调每个成员都有份，如：common interests共同利益。for the common good为公共利益。
Section A There is one passage in this section followed by five questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice, then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre. The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect", a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients' pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient. Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who "until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death. " George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. "It's like surgery," he says. "We don't call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn't intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you're a physician, you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intend their suicide. " On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying. Just three weeks before the Court's ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report—Approaching Death : Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the under treatment of pain and the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care. The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life. Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. "Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering," to the extent that it constitutes "systematic patient abuse". He says medical licensing boards "must make it clear that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension. " Questions:
1. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that ______.
A.doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients' pain
B.it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives
3. According to the NAS's report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is ______.
A.prolonged medical procedures
B.inadequate treatment of pain
C.systematic drug abuse
D.insufficient hospital care
A B C D
B
依据文章第六段第二句“报告指明“the under treatment of pain”和“aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying"”是end-of-life care的两个问题”，可知the under treatment of pain是与“aggressive use of...”相对应的“不充分的病痛治疗”，即选项B正确。
4. Which of the following best defines the word "aggressive" (line 3, paragraph 6)?
A.Bold.
B.Harmful.
C.Careless.
D.Desperate.
A B C D
A
依据文章第六段第二句可知the under treatment of pain和the aggressive use是两个对应的问题，因此可把aggressive理解为“过分使用或大胆使用”。aggressive(行为等)过分的，过分自信的。
5. George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they ______.
Section B In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than three words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. As every schoolboy knows, insects pollinate flowers, while birds and mammals disperse seeds by eating fruits or transporting burs on their feathers and fur. These are examples of co-evolution, a phenomenon first described by Charles Darwin in The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, published in 1871. Co-evolution, in which two species have evolved together in response to adaptations that each has imposed on the other, can be extremely subtle. For instance, some animals may help to transfer pollen from one plant to another without acting directly as the carrier themselves. Instead, they make it easier for the pollen to be dispersed by other creatures. Mats Olsson and Richard Shine, of the University of Sydney, and Elisabeth Bak-Olsson, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, have discovered, apparently for the first time, such a mutually beneficial arrangement between a reptile and a plant. For most of the year the Tasmanian snow skink lizard confined to mountain tops in that island is catholic in what it eats. But when the honey-bush is in bloom, the skinks make a point of tearing off the tough, red petals that enclose the rest of the flower. They chew them to extract the nectar and spit out what is left. At first sight, this skink-savaging may not seem all that helpful to the honey-bush. But it is. It exposes the reproductive parts of the flowers, thereby allowing pollinating insects to get at them. Dr. Olsson and his colleagues found that flowers with the petals left intact never produced seed. But, according to their paper in the Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 87% of flowers with the petals torn off did so. To check that it was the skinks alone that were the plants' little helpers, the researchers placed cages around some honey-bushes. Virtually all of the petals were removed from the flowers on bushes without cages. Only 16% of the caged bushes had their petals ripped off, possibly by high winds battering them. Dr Olsson found no evidence of pollen being carried on a skink and so concluded that the lizards play no role in transporting honey-bush pollen from one flower to another. But he did see a range of insects: wasps, flies, bumble-bees and others feeding from honey-bush flowers that had no petals covering them. Without the petals removed, it was impossible for insects to do any pollinating. SUMMARY: Co-evolution is 1 described by Charles Darwin in The Descent of Man. In the process of co-evolution, two species may have to respond to adaptations they have imposed on each other. For example, some animals may not carry 2 from one plant to another. They may help by making it easier for other creatures to disperse the pollen from one plant to another. Such an arrangement seems 3 to both species. In Tasmania, the skink lizards chew the red petals of 4 and spit out what is left. In doing so, they expose the reproductive parts of the flower and enable pollinating insects to reach them. It was discovered that 87% of these flowers produced seeds. Conversely, flowers with petals remaining 5 never did.
1.
a phenomenon
(由原文These are examples of co-evolution, a phenomenon first described by Charles Darwin可知答案。)
2.
Pollen
(由some animals may help to…directly as the carrier themselves意为“它们会传递花粉，但是自己却不是直接的传递者”。)
3.
beneficial
(由第二段such a mutually beneficial arrangement between a reptile and a plant可知答案。)
4.
the honey-bush
(由文章But when the honey-bush is in bloom, …the rest of the flower. They chew them to extract the nectar and spit out what is left可知。Them指的是the honey-bush。)
5.
intact
(第四段指出87% of flowers with the petals torn off did so，did so指上文提到的left intact。)
Section C In this section, there is one passage followed by five incomplete sentences. Read the passage carefully, and then complete each sentence in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Most people consider bacteria dangerous. After all, these microorganisms cause a host of serious human diseases, including tuberculosis, typhoid fever, pneumonia, and food poisoning. In fact, however, only a small percentage of bacteria cause diseases, while many bacteria are actually beneficial to humans. For example, doctors use bacteria to produce vaccines and other medicines. Bacteria are also critical to many industrial processes, from fermenting wine to recycling wastes, and scientists use bacteria to study many of the biological processes common to all living things. With such a wide variety of economic and scientific applications, it is no surprise that several laboratories around the United States grow and sell bacteria as a crop. These laboratories use specialized farming techniques to produce one of the nation's most valuable biological commodities. Like plants, bacteria have specific growth requirements. In particular, they need a place to grow and they need a supply of nutrients. Bacteria may be cultivated in containers ranging from small test tubes to giant steel tanks. The organisms are placed in a container along with a nutritionally balanced liquid or jelly, called a culture medium, which provides vitamins, minerals, and fluids to the growing bacteria. The growth container and culture medium must be kept at a constant temperature that is appropriate for the type of bacteria being cultivated. Most bacteria used in medicine and industry grow best between 20℃ and 45℃. In a closed container, bacteria exhibit a definite growth pattern. The figure shows a typical bacterial growth curve. All bacteria follow this pattern, a fact that is very important to anyone who wants to cultivate them in large numbers. When bacteria are first placed in a growth container, they must adapt to their new environment, and growth is slow while they are making this adjustment. This period is called the "start phase" of the bacterial growth cycle. At the end of this phase, as the bacteria become accustomed to their new living conditions, they begin to grow and reproduce rapidly. During the second phase, called the "log phase," a population explosion occurs. In a large tank, millions of new bacteria may be produced every hour during this phase. Eventually, however, the bacterial population reaches the maximum size possible, given the limitations of the growth container. At this point, the bacteria enter the "stationary growth phase," during which they continue to reproduce, but at a slower rate. After a time, the bacteria use up their supply of nutrients and their wastes accumulate in the growth container. The final period in the growth cycle, called the "death phase," occurs when the bacteria begin to die faster than they reproduce. People who grow bacteria for science and industry take advantage of this unique growth cycle. Bacteria are harvested during the "stationary growth phase," yielding a good crop of usable organisms. By carefully monitoring the growth pattern, bacteria farmers can also decide when to add more nutrients to the culture medium or to transfer the bacteria to new growth containers. In this way, they can prevent large losses during the "death phase. " By applying a knowledge of the growth requirements and patterns of bacteria, these modern-day agriculturalists are able to help everyone derive the maximum benefit from these versatile organisms.
1. Most people consider bacteria dangerous, actually, most of them are ______.
4. There are ______ phases in the growth cycle of bacteria.
4
(文章倒数第二段介绍了细菌生长周期的四个阶段，它们分别是the start phase, the log phase, the stationary growth phase和the death phase。)
5. Large losses of bacteria in the ______ phase can be avoided artificially.
death
(文章最后一段提到By carefully monitoring the growth pattern, …can prevent large losses during the "death phase." 由此可知通过人工的方法可以阻止细菌在“death phase”的死亡。)
Section D In this section, there is one passage followed by five questions. Read the passage carefully, and then answer the questions in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Exactly what a public forest is and how the public should be able to use it has been debated since the National Forests were first formed in 1905. Since then, the U. S. Forest Service has been allowing timber, mining, ranching, and recreational interests to use the forests as a resource. In fact, the Forest Service, which manages 34 million acres of wilderness across the country, is part of the Department of Agriculture. Since the government perpetuated the concept of nature as a user-friendly commodity, you might say that it missed the forest for the trees. For the last 27 years, the rest of the nation—both public and private—has been working to comply with the landmark Endangered Species Act, but the U. S. Forest Service has paid little attention it the wildlife under its care : sometimes due to a lack of funds, sometimes a lack of information, sometimes a lack of will. For the forests in Southern California, however, this is changing. A little known regional environmental group, the Center for Biological Diversity, brought a lawsuit two years ago that has forced the Forest Service to face the Endangered Species Act and comply with it. Assuming the agency is able, all the life in the forest, from Smith's blue butterfly to the cattle rancher to the intrepid backpacker, will be affected. In the Los Padres Forest alone, which spans almost two million acres, as many as 11.6 million people have been allowed to troop in each year during the summer months, unknowingly disrupting a fragile ecosystem essential to the health of the forest they have come to enjoy. Even the rugged packers in the backcountry, mostly nature-lovers at heart, have disturbed the breeding of the red-legged frog and arroyo as they camped, with permission, along shallows. Invasive species aside from humans pose problems as well. Bullfrogs originally from the Eastern U. S. are munching red-legged frogs and arroyo toads, as are the warm water non-native fish species like small-mouthed bass and blue gill. Fragile native plants are being crowded out by pampas grass and other non-natives in the majority of the meadows. One of the most dangerous invaders of Southern California is the cowbird, also an East Coast native, which has been wreaking havoc on native avian species across the country. Cowbirds have the offensive but biologically useful trait of laying eggs in others' nests, leaving the host parents to rear its big, hungry young. Often the baby cowbird hatches first and develops faster at the expense of its foster parents' offspring. Temporary emergency measures adopted in January 1999 to address these problems closed four campgrounds in the Ojai Ranger District from sunset to sunrise to protect the arroyo toad. In the Monterey district, fencing and grazing use were limited for the benefit of steel head. The final settlement on March 1 of the Center for Biological Diversity suit stipulated another set of protections, largely benefiting the California condor. Poisonous ethylocol-based antifreeze was banned, requirements for anti-perching devices on communication sites went into effect, and bird-safe power lines must be installed. Questions:
1. What activities have been allowed in public forests since 1905?
timber, mining, ranching
(文章第一段提到the U.S. Forest Service has been allowing timber, mining, ranching, and recreational interests to use the forests as a resource．即美国的森林服务机构允许木材厂，采矿厂，农厂以及娱乐场所利用林木作为源料。)
2. What made the Forest Service comply with the Endangered Species Act?
a lawsuit
(文章第二段提到A little known regional environmental group, the Center for Biological Diversity, …to face the Endangered Species Act and comply with it. 即在两年前，the Center for Biological Diversity起诉了这个森林服务机构，因而不得不使这个服务机构遵从这项议案。)
3. What is the area of the Los Padres Forest?
two million acres
(此题问的是Los Padres Forest的面积，文章第三段提到In the Los Padres Forest alone, which spans almost two million acres。)
4. Apart from humans what else are regarded as invaders of forests?
invasive species
(文章第四段提到Invasive species aside from humans pose problems as well. “除了人类，还有其他的入侵物种。”)
5. When were four campgrounds closed in order to protect the native species in the forest?
January 1999
(文章第五段提到Temporary emergency measures adopted in January 1999。)
Part Ⅴ Translation
Section A Translate the underlined sentences of the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Last spring, my husband and I loaded our three children into the car and drove off to see friends in the United States. Over the course of a week, we visited half a dozen households, each with children of its own. (76) And I found myself struck, again and again, by the frequency with which we modern parents use television to silence young children. Get a couple of families together, and when noise from the kids rises too much, on goes the video and all is gratifying silence until the credits roll. (77) It's like throwing a blanket over a noisy parrot's cage: With one motion, the parrot's stimulating surroundings vanish and its squawking instantly subsides. Hit the "play" button and the same thing happens. Children might be wrestling or running around, but let that mesmerizing box light up and they'll stop to stare at the screen. Nearby, the adults smile as the caterwauling ceases: "Phew! That's better. " The video has become a member of every family I know. Need to finish a project on a Sunday afternoon? Popping a video buys you an hour or two. Often my children go to play in someone's basement room and a video is on from the time they arrive until they leave. Guilty as I am myself. I find promiscuous use of this sedative disquieting. Children don't stand a chance against videos. (78) No matter how imaginative or independent they may be or how much they may like playing with visiting friends, they cannot escape the stupef- ying effects of the box. (79) Child-development expert Paul Smith attributes this to the brain's "orienting response," a reaction discovered by Parlor early in the last century. "We humans are programmed to look at abrupt changes in our Visual field. " she writes. "It's part of our survival mechanism. The colorful, quick images on TV are difficult to resist. " (80) Years ago. I read in a newspaper about a study that found if people can choose between watching a lecturer behind a podium and a video projection of that same lecturer, they'll gaze at the screen. The TV trumps real life every time.
Section B Translate the underlined sentences of the following passage into English. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. (81)美国政府日前开始督促电视、报纸和杂志停止刊登诸如“想吃就吃，照减不误”、“在睡眠中减肥”等误导性广告标语。美国联邦贸易委员会消费者保护局局长霍华德·比尔斯11月19日说：“著名的新闻媒体应该为他们目前播放的一些广告感到羞愧。某些广告标语听起来实在是荒谬!”比尔斯认为发行商和有线电视主管会支持这一行动并积极配合的。(82)但如果他们不配合，当局将有可能考虑采取法律行动。 (83) 1990年以来，美国联邦贸易委员会(FTC)已经将97家涉嫌虚假减肥广告的公司送上了法庭。共获得赔偿金5千万美元，用于赔偿消费者损失以及其他经济补偿。(84)近来委员会主席缪里斯正频频与媒体巨头会面，希望他们能做到行业内的自我规范。缪里斯认为市场上虚假的减肥广告数量有增无减，相比之下，法律法规的贯彻不足以与之抗衡。因为有许多广告是美国境外人士推出的，有些则采用匿名或中间人的方式发行。(85)委员会还计划把明显没有科学依据的减肥广告语简要摘录，希望媒体机构禁播有这些虚假承诺的广告。
1.
The government is urging television, newspapers and magazines to stop carrying deceptive advertising with promises like "eat all you want and lose weight" or "lose weight while you sleep."
(翻译该句时需注意“督促某人做某事”的英文表达为“urge sb. to do sth. ”。)
2.
But if publishers and cable TV executives don't cooperate, regulators could consider legal action．
The FFC has brought 97 lawsuits since 1990 against companies it accused of marketing phony weight-loss products．
(句中对公司的描述，在翻译时译文使用了定语从句，以更符合英文表达习惯。)
4.
FTC Chairman Timothy J.Muris has been meeting with media industry leaders to encourage self-regulation．
(have been doing sth. 可表示最近一直或频频做某事。)
5.
The FTC plans to come up with a short list of weight-loss claims that clearly don't stand up to scientific scrutiny, in hopes that media executives will ban ads that make those promises.
(译文把原来两个中文句子译为了包含定语从句和状语从句的一个英文长句，更符合英文的句式结构。)
Part Ⅵ IQ Test There are five IQ questions in this part. Write the answers on the answer sheet.
1. YYZZZYZZY is to 221112112 as YYZZYZZY is to ______.
22112112
(从题意可知，Y相当于2，Z相当于1，故答案是22112112。)
2. Fill in the missing numbers in this sequence: 15873×7 = 111111 15873×14 = 222222 15873× = 333333 15( )×28 = ( ) 4
3. What is the next number in this sequence: 3, 12, 60, 360, ....?
2520
(数列后项与前项的商依次是4、5、6，下一项应该是7，故下一个数是2520。)
4. A typist types four envelopes and four letters. She places the letters in the envelopes at random. What are the chances that only three letters are in their correct envelopes?
zero
(如果三个都装对了，那么第四个也一定装对了，所以没有这种几率。)
5. Change just one letter in each word to find a familiar phrase.
make good
(make good表示支付，偿还)。
Part Ⅶ Writing
Task Ⅰ Directions: You cannot finish the term paper on time because you joined the school-organized field practice program in Guangzhou in the summer vacation and do not have enough time for the paper. Write a letter to your teacher to:
1. 1. make an apology; 2. state the reason; 3. suggest a solution to make up the loss. Write a letter in no less than 100 words in an appropriate style on the answer sheet. Do not write your address or name.
Professor Zhang, I am terribly sorry for not being able to hand in my team paper on time. I feel bad about it and want you to know what happened. I have joined the school-organized field practice program in Guangzhou during the summer holidays. As you may already know, Guangzhou is far away from here; meanwhile, the program has lasted many days, so I must spend a lot of time on this activity for transportation. As a result, I have had not enough time to complete the term paper on time. I have realized that it is my fault, so I will put everything else aside in order to finish my term paper as soon as I can so that I can hand it in as early as possible.
Sincerely, Li Ming
Task Ⅱ Read the following poem and write an essay in which you discuss its moral and express your personal views.
1.
Trail of Dreams
—Joseph M Narusiewicz
A trail of dreams I follow The way of the humble and meek Walk the road of everyday beauty See the flowers of joy amidst pain Blue sky shines through tears Stars glimmer like eternal hope Hold on to the real dreams of love This material world is passing Beauty never grows old Freedom is letting go Life is in not possessing Love is letting everyone grow Be yourself, let everyone be free Everything is ours from love Bitterness is a waste of time Stay on the trail of dreams
You should write in no less than 160 words. Now write the essay on the answer sheet.
This little poem is mainly about the trail of following our dreams. The poet used lots of images in describing the road to our dreams, such as flowers and pain, blue sky and tears and so on. Thus he revealed his point: the trail of dreams is filled with joy and pain. We should "hold on to the real dreams of love", because "this material world is passing". And we should be ourselves and let everyone be free, thus we can stay on the trail of dreams without bitterness. Beauty never grows old and freedom is letting people go their way. Life is in not possessing and if you own too many things, you will get tired. Love is letting everyone grow. After reading this poem, I think we should pay more attention to the process of achieving our dreams. There are so many beauties on this trail and there is so much pain, too. So it is love between people that keep us moving on. Life is passing and we should be grateful and tolerant to each other, thus we can really enjoy this trail.
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题