Part Ⅰ Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay about Too Much Expenditure on Fashion. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 1. 目前很多大学生在追求时尚方面花费太多 2. 我的个人看法 Too Much Expenditure on Fashion
范文： [1]The ever-changing fashion mirrors the advance of human civilization. [2]And the desire for beauty and fashion is blameless. [3]However, some college students dip into their purses [4]in order to keep up with Joneses. Some of them even cut down the [5]expending for books and meals to satisfy their desire for fashionable dress. [6]As far as I am concerned, college students should cherish ambitions rather than become slaves of fashion. [7] Attention should be paid to the disadvantages of the blinded following of fashion. [8]Firstly, the pursuit of fashion has made many college students get lost. Some of them even fail to focus on their study. [9]Besides, it is a costly hobby to follow the tide, which will [10]impose financial stresses on their parents. [11]All in all, [12]we should adopt a more reasonable attitude towards the pursuit of fashion.
写作指南： 本题要注意题目中的“too much”，在表达个人看法时要着重讨论追求时尚的负面影响。根据题目要求，文章的结构如下： 第一段引出现象。 第二段用主题句揭示个人看法，然后具体论述盲目追求时尚的负面影响：①学生会因此而迷失方向；②花费过大，增加父母的经济负担。 第三段简要总结。 [分析] [1][2]对于不能全盘否定的事物，比较恰当的写法是在批驳极端行为之前，先论述其合理性。 [3]用However引出极端盲目地追求时尚的现象。 [5]用具体实例说明某些大学生的盲从行为。 [6]用As far as I am concerned引出个人观点。此句为主题句。 [8][9]用Firstly和Besides体现论述层次。 [10]用impose一词加强语气，强调盲目追求时尚给父母造成的压力。 [11]用All in all简要总结。
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with 'the information given in the passage.
Do We Need Cities Any More? I don't want to live in a city. Perhaps we divide naturally into two types: those for whom cities are vibrant (振动的) and exciting, a focus for human activity; and those for whom they are dirty, noisy and dangerous. It may be unfashionable, but I'm in the latter camp. I do not believe that we are a species whose behavior improves in overcrowded conditions. A new study proposes a significant increase in the capacity of towns and cities through a combination of increased housing densities,' lower on-plot provision for cars and more on-street parking, and the re-use of marginal open space that is empty of any amenity value (休闲价值). The benefit of this approach is to reduce the loss of green fields and to help "move towards more sustainable patterns of development". This study suggests that it would be possible to achieve a 25% increase in density in a typical provincial city without changing the traditional street scene, although it would be necessary to reduce the size of the houses and substitute parking spaces for garages. Therefore, the cost of this approach is to have more people living in smaller homes at higher densities, along streets that are lined with parked cars. Can we really accept the notion that space within dwellings may be reduced even further? In times when, we are told, living standards are rising in real terms, is it realistic to seek to reduce personal space standards? The streets of many inner suburbs are already lined with cars on both sides, reducing movement to a single lane. Increasing densities means accepting urban streets that are designed as linear car parks, bounded by even smaller living units and modified only by occasional trees growing from the tarmac (柏油碎石路). Would the benefits of higher density be worth the disadvantages of increasing on-street parking? Can we achieve a satisfactory visual environment from such raw materials? Higher urban densities may be communally good for us, but they will fail to meet the desire of many prospective home owners. Those without economic choice can be directed to live in this way, but if we are to continue to rely on the private sector to produce this urban housing, it will need to appeal to the private developers' customers. Who will choose to live in these high-density developments of small dwellings, with minimal open space and a chance to park on the highway if you are lucky enough to find a space? The main consumers will be single people, couples without children, and perhaps some "empty nesters" (people whose children have grown up and left home). These are people who can choose to spend much of their time outside their home, making the most of those urban cultural opportunities or getting away at weekends to a country cottage or sporting activi- ties. The combination of a young family and a mortgage (抵押贷款) restricts the mobility and spend- ing power of many couples. Most people with a family will try to avoid bringing up their children in an overcrowded flat or house. Space for independent activity is important in developing the individual and in maintaining family balance. The garden is the secure place where the children can work off excess energy. There is a danger that planners may take a dispassionate (冷静的), logical view of how we should live, and seek to force society into that shape. A few years ago a European Commission study provided a good example of this. It took the view, quite sensibly, that housing should not be under-occupied because this is a waste of resources. Therefore, it would be much better if the many thousands of old ladies who live alone in large detached houses would move into small urban flats, thus releasing the large houses for families. What the study failed to recognize was that many of those old ladies prefer to continue to live in their family home with their familiar surroundings and, most importantly, with their memories. What is good for us is not necessarily what we want. The urban housing option may be technically sustainable, but individually unacceptable. There still seems to be a perception among planners that new housing investment can be forced into those areas that planners want to see developed, without proper consideration of where the prospective purchasers want to live. There is a fatal flaw in this premise (前提). Housing developers run businesses. They are not unavoidably committed to building houses and they are not obliged to invest their resources in housing development. Unless there is a reasonable prospect of a profit on the capital at risk in a housing project, they may simply choose to invest in some other activity.
1. According to the author, we are a species whose behavior improves in overcrowded conditions.
N
[解析] According to the author, we are a species whose behavior improves in overcrowded conditions． [定位] 第1段最后一句：I do not believe that we are a species whose behavior improves in overcrowded conditions． [解析] 对比分析题目和原文，二者意思完全相反，所以答案为N。
2. It is proposed that the capacity of towns and cities be greatly decreased.
N
[解析] It is proposed that the capacity of towns and cities be greatly decreased． [定位] 第2段的第1句：A new study proposes a significant increase in the capacity of towns and cities through a combination of increased housing densities．．． [解析] 对比分析题目和原文，可以看出两者内容完全相反(decreased和increase)，所以答案为N。
3. The author doubts that people can really accept the notion that space within dwellings may be reduced even further.
Y
[解析] The author doubts that people can really accept the notion that space within dwellings may be reduced even further． [定位] 第3段倒数第一句：In times when，we are told，living standards are rising in real terms，is it realistic to seek to reduce personal space standards? [解析] 原文是反问句，对人的居住空间是否可以进一步降低表示怀疑，题目用doubts一词，同样表示怀疑，所以二者意思一致，答案为Y。
4. For every family with a mortgage, their mobility and spending power is restricted.
N
[解析] For every family with a mortgage，their mobility and spending power is restricted． [定位] 倒数第三段第1句：The combination of a young family and a mortgage restricts the mobility and spending power of many couples． [解析] 题目和原文的极端词不一致。原文中有many，意思是“年轻人刚成家又背负抵押贷款，这限制了很多夫妇的活动范围和消费力”。而题目中是every，意思是“对每一个有抵押贷款的家庭来说，其流动性和消费能力都受到了限制”。显然二者意思不一致，所以答案为N。
5. Most parents will try not to let their children grow up in an overcrowded flat or house.
Y
[解析] Most parents will by not to let their children grow up in an overcrowded flat or house． [定位] 根据children grow up 和 overcrowded字眼，在倒数第三段第2句，找到类似内容。 [解析] 对比分析题目和原文，可以看出二者虽然用词和结构不一样，但内容一致，所以答案为Y。
6. Space for independent activity contributes to creative thinking.
NG
[解析] Space for independent activity contributes to creative thinking． [定位] 倒数第三段的第3句：Space for independent activity is important in developing the individual and in maintaining family balance． [解析] 原文意为“独立活动的空间对于个人发展和家庭平衡的维护都是很重要的”，并没有提到题目所说“独立活动空间有助于创造性的思维”，因此答案为NG。
7. What is good for us is usually what we want.
N
[解析] What is good for us is usually what we want． [定位] 倒数第二段最后一句：What is good for us is not necessarily what we want， [解析] 二者的副词修饰语不一致，原文用not necessarily，意为“不一定”，而题目用usually，意为“通常”，由此可知二者内容也不一致，所以答案为N。
8. The main consumers who can choose to make the most of those urban cultural opportunities or get away at weekends to the countryside will be _________________________and perhaps some "empty nesters".
single people，couples without children
[解析] The main consumers who can choose to make the most of those urban cultural opportunities or get away at weekends to the countryside will be _______ and perhaps some“empty nesters”． [定位] 第5段后半部分：The main consumers will be single people，couples without children，and perhaps some“empty nesters”(people whose children have grown up and left home)．These are people who can choose to spend much of their time outside their home，making the most of those urban cultural opportunities or getting away at weekends to a country cottage or sporting activities． [解析] 空白处应该是名词作表语，与“empty nesters”是并列成分。对比分析两者，可以看出空白处应该是single people，couples without children。
9. According to a European Commission study, housing should be fully-occupied to avoid_______________________.
a waste of resources／wasting resources
[解析] According to a European Commission study，housing should be fully-occupied to avoid______. [定位] 倒数第二段第2、3句：A few years ago a European Commission study provided a good example of this． It took the view，quite sensibly，that housing should not be under-occupied because this is a waste of resources． [解析] 空白处应该是名词或动名词。对比分析二者，可以看出答案是a waste of resources，或者也可用动名词表达，即wasting resources。
10. Without a______________of a profit, housing developers may simply choose to invest in some other activity.
reasonable prospect
[解析] Without a _____of a profit，housing developers may simply choose to invest in some other activity． [定位] 最后一段的后半部分：Housing developers run businesses．They are not unavoidably committed to building houses and they are not obliged to invest their resources in housing development．Unless there is a reasonable prospect of a profit on the capital at risk in a housing project，they may simply choose to invest in some other activity． [解析] 空白处应该是可数名词单数，作介词without的宾语。对照原文，题目把unless there is 同义替换成了 without，可知答案是reasonable prospect。
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with u single line through the centre.
Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[解析] M：How do you find your ballet lessons? W：They are well worth the time and trouble! My teacher says I'm making progress． Q：What does the woman think of her ballet lessons?
[解析] W：I haven't seen you around for such a long time! Have you been on holiday by the Great Lakes? M：No，I have had a couple of negotiations．One in Yorkshire and the other in Milan． Q：Where has the man been?
[解析] 题目询问男士去了哪里。关键是听到negotiations一词，就可以判断选项B(出差)是正确的。 [点睛] 选项A(在度假)和C(五大湖区)明显已被否定(对话中的No)。选项D(在办公室)可根据“one in…the other in”排除。
3.
A.The figures are not as accurate as she expects.
B.The sales of the year are satisfactory.
C.The figures are probably not accurate.
D.The sales of the year are unsatisfactory.
A B C D
C
[解析] M：Here's the annual report about our sales volume． W：Thank you! But I wonder whether these statistical figures are correct． Q：What does the woman really mean?
[解析] W：Have you decided when you axe going to get engaged? M：I wish it could be in May．But it's all up to April to decide．I guess we have to wait until she graduates in July． Q：When will the man be engaged?
[解析] W：What a terrible thing! The crazy mall picked up a large stone and threw it at the store window．There was glass everywhere． M：I hope no one was hurt． Q：What is the man concerned about?
D.To her, math is even more difficult than biology.
A B C D
D
[解析] M：What do you think of biology? W：It's given me a hard time，though it is not as difficult as math． Q：What call we learn about the woman from this conversation?
A.He was playing computer games with a few of his friends.
B.He was playing basketball with a few of his friends.
C.He was having a barbecue with a couple of friends.
D.He was watching a game on TV with some friends.
A B C D
D
[解析] 19-22 W: Hey, Henry, how's everything going, and what's with the flowers? M: They're for my wife. W: Oh, a wedding anniversary or something? M: To tell the truth, it couldn't be worse. You see, I have to pick up my wife from the airport this evening, but while she was gone, there were a few minor mishaps. W: Oh really? What happened? M: Well, [19]I had some of the guys over Friday night to watch a basketball game on TV, but one of them got all excited, and started going around, waving his arms, and he accidentally knocked over my wife's 250-year old porcelain vase given to her by her grandmother, and broke it beyond repair. W: Man, have you tried... M: [20]Super glue? Yup, but she would be able to tell in a second. W: Oh, wow. You're in hot water now. M: If it had been only that. W: Oh, there's more? M: Yeah, you see, the water from the vase spilled all over the manuscript of a book my wife has been writing for the past two years. It blurred the ink over many of the pages. And so one of the guys had the bright idea of drying the pages by the fire while we watched, uh, the rest game, [21]but a spark from the fire must have blown out and burned the manuscript to a crisp. W: But what about an electronic file copy? She had one, didn't she? M: Well, actually, her computer crashed the day before while I was playing some computer games, and I haven't been able to get it to work since. W: Man, you are in trouble now. You're going to have a hard time digging yourself out of this one. Ah, so I get it now. You're buying the flowers for her as a part of some kind of peace offering, right? M: No, not at all. [22]They're for my funeral. 19. What was the man doing on Friday night when his problems started?
[解析] 细节题。四个选项都是关于“他”正在做什么的陈述。女士问男士“What happened”，男士提到星期五晚上和几个朋友在家里看电视篮球赛，故选项D是正确答案。 [点睛] 对话中涉及到男士的太太写作用的电脑，但跟选项A中的computer games无关。选项B中的 playing basketball和C中的barbecue没有提及。
[解析] 23-25 W: Have a seat, Mr. Younger. What can I do for you? M: [23]I have a house in Seattle. It's about 400 sq. ft., including the house and the yard. I'm looking for somebody who will buy it in cash. W: How much do you want to sell it for? M: [23]/[25]Around half a million U.S. dollars. W: Sounds reasonable. M: I'd like to sell it as soon as possible for ready money. W: I see. [23]Is the house under your name? M: Yes. Here are the papers. I've also made copies of each of them. You can keep the copies. W: Very well. Do you have a photo of the house with you? M: Yes. Here they are. There're six of them. W: Did you bring the negatives as well? M: Sure. Here you are. W: This one is OK, but the others... [24]Well, I think I'll have to send my men to take pictures of your house, pictures that are taken by a professional and are able to show the whole aspect of the house. M: That's fine with me. What is your charge for this service? ... Er, I don't mean the pictures, I mean to be my agent. W: [25]Well, 2% of the sale price of your house. 23．What's NOT true about the house to be sold?
Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four chokes marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] 26-28 A blonde lady Walks into a New York City Bank and asks for the loan officer. She says she is going to Europe on business for 2 weeks and needs to borrow $5,000. The bank officer says he will need some kind of security for the loan, so the lady hands over the keys to a new, costly car parked in front of the bank. With all checked out, the bank agrees to accept the car as security for the loan. The loan officer drives the new car into the bank's underground garage and parks it there. Two weeks later the lady returns, repays the $5,000 she loaned, and [27]$15.40 interest. The loan officer comes up to the lady and says, "We here at the bank are very happy to this deal, but while you were away, I checked you out, and I'm a little puzzled. [28]I found out that you are a multimillionaire. What puzzles me is why you would bother to borrow $5,000." The lady replies, "[26]Where else in New York City can I park my car for two weeks for 15 dollars?" 26. What's the lady's real purpose of asking for a loan?
A.He sold traffic-counting system to local governments.
B.He dropped out of his law course at Harvard University.
C.He founded his own company--Microsoft Software company.
D.He devised an operating system for IBM.
A B C D
A
[解析] 29-31 Gates was born and brought up in Seattle. [29]At the age of 14, he founded a computer programming company with three friends and they had earned $20,000 by selling their traffic-counting system to local governments. In 1975, he dropped out of his law course at Harvard to found the Microsoft Software Company in Washington. Gates" domination of the emerging computer industry began in 1980-1981, when he devised an operating system and licensed it to IBM. [30]MS-DOS became the standard operating system for nearly all IBM personal computers. During the 1980s, Microsoft also developed more specialized software. When the company went public in 1986,[31]Gates became a multimillionaire at the age of 31. Five years later, he was ranked as the world's richest man. In the 1990s, Gates made a fresh fortune from sales of Windows, a system that enables a computer to be operated with on-screen symbols rather than complex keyboard commands. A revised version was launched amid huge publicity in 1995. 29．What did Gates do at the age of 14?
[解析] 32-35 Father's Day was first observed in Spokane, Washington, in 1910. [32]Mrs. Dodd first proposed the idea of a "father's day" in 1906. Mrs. Dodd wanted a special day to honor her father, William Smart, who was widowed when his wife died in childbirth after their sixth child was born. Mr. Smart was left to raise the newborn and his other five children by himself. Mrs. Dodd wanted Father's Day to be celebrated on the first Sunday in June, her father's birthday. But it wasn't until 1966 that President Lyndon Johnson signed a presidential proclamation, declaring the 3rd Sunday of June as Father's Day. [33]In 1972, President Richard Nixon established a permanent national ceremony of [34]Father's Day to be held on the third Sunday of June, coming almost sixty years after Mother's Day had been proclaimed a national holiday. Today, Father's Day has become a day to [35]not only honor your father, but all men who act as a father-like figure, such as stepfathers, uncles, grandfathers, and adult males. 32．Who first proposed the idea of a“Father's Day?”
Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage, three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Kathy was a university student. Like most students she had very little money, but she wanted to buy a car. "If I can buy one really cheap that works," she thought, "I will save money on bus 1 . Then I'll have mom to spend on 2 ." She spent a day looking at cars in the 3 car stores. Most of them were much too expensive for her to 4 , but at last she found one for $250. The car was rather used and the paint was badly 5 , but it worked. "It's got a good engine," the salesman said, "and the gear box is O.K. Forget everything else." Kathy bought the car and drove it out of the car yard. Everything was wrong with it except for the engine and gear box, which worked very well. "As long as they work," Kathy thought, "nothing else 6 . The salesman was right." 7 , a few days later, while she was driving to her university, a police car drove up beside her and made her stop. A young policeman got out of his car and walked around Kathy's car. He looked at it 8 9 . Then he looked inside the car. "Does your speedometer work?" he asked. Kathy shook her head. 10 Kathy smiled at him sweetly. "Oh, but I do know how fast I am traveling," she said. "Up to 30 miles an hour, the doors shake. 11 "
He made a list of the things wrong with the car．It was a very long list
[解析] list，things wrong，long [答案重构] ①He made a very long list of the things wrong with the car ②He made a list of the things wrong with the car, which was very long [画龙点睛] 这是两句话，如果要写成一句的话，可以把it改成which，或者把中间的句号改为分号，it首字母小写。如果只是将句号改为逗号的话，就出现了语法错误，是要被扣0.5分的。当然，也可以像第一种重构方式那样合并。
10.
“It is against the law，Miss,”he said，“not to know how fast you are traveling．”
[解析] against the law，not to know how fast，traveling [答案重构] “It is against the law not to know how fast you are driving，Miss,”he said． [画龙点睛] 此句以it作为形式主语，后半句才是真正的主语。可将两部分引语合二为一。
11.
Between 31 and 50 miles an hour，the whole car shakes．Over 50 miles an hour, I shake
[解析] Between 31 and 50 miles an hour, car shakes，over 50mph，I [答案重构] Between 31 and 50 miles an hour, the whole car shakes；over 50 miles an hour, I shake [画龙点睛] 这也是两句话，可以将中间的句号变成分号，over首字母小写。
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Athletes with a different kind and level of disability are competing at the Paralympic Games. Whereas some sports are 1 to all or most disability groups, in other sports athletes from only one disability group can participate. In Judo (柔道), for instance, compete only athletes with visual damage. In order to compete on 2 . terms, athletes are classified into different classes. Specialized medical and technical personnel, called classifiers, 3 classification assessment. They are evaluating the athletes with various 4 and tests based on their functional ability to perform skills required by the sport. In that way it is 5 that the athletes competing within a class have equal or similar functional abilities and the 6 factor for their success is skill and training, rather than the level of disability. Presently in most sports the functional classification system is used. Functional classification means that all athletes in the' same class have similar levels of function in areas such as range motion, 7 and balance. According to that system, athletes with different kind of disabilities can compete against each other if they have 8 levels of function. The classes are 9 by a letter, usually the initial letter of the sport, and a number (e.g. S5 in swimming, T44 in athletics-track). The lower number 10 represents a higher level of disability. A. coordination I) similar B. determining J) voluntary C. obtained K) usually D. described L) guaranteed E. equal M) transmission F. open N) isolate G. procedures O) decently H) perform
1.
F
[解析] Whereas some sports are 47 to all or most disability groups，in other sports athletes from only one disability group can participate． [译文] 尽管一些运动项目对所有的或大部分残疾团体_____，但是另外一些运动项目只有某一个残疾团体才能参加。 [点评] 此处需要一个形容词作表语，或者是动词的过去分词作谓语的一部分，且与后文的“athletes．．．call participate”表达相近的意思，使两个分句形成对比关系。因此答案为open。be open to all or most disability groups意为“对所有或大部分残疾团体开放”。
2.
E
[解析] In order to compete on 48 terms，athletes are classified into different classes． [译文] 为了在——的条件下竞争，运动员被分为不同的级别。 [点评] 此处需要一个形容词作定语。修饰terms(条件)的以equal最为合适。compete on equal terms意为“在公平的条件下竞争”。
3.
H
[解析] Specialized medical and technical personnel，called classifiers， 49 classification assessment． [译文] 医务和技术专家，称为分级员，______分级评估。 [点评] 此处需要一个及物动词作谓语。根据其主语personnel和宾语的搭配关系，可确定答案为perform。perform classification assessment意为“进行分级评估”。
4.
G
[解析] They are evaluating the athletes with various 50 and tests．．． [译文] 他们以各种各样的______和测试评估运动员…… [点评] 此处需要一个复数名词，和tests并列作介词with的宾语。词库中的复数名词只有procedures，语义上也能与tests并列。various procedures and tests意为“各种各样的程序和测试”。
5.
L
[解析] In that way it is 51 that the athletes competing within a class have equal or similar functional abilities．．． [译文] 以那种方式，____同一级别比赛的运动员有同样或类似的功能性能力。 [点评] 此处需要一个动问过去分词或形容词。前文指出残运会要在平等的条件下竞争，然后提到分级竞争的方法，本句是对方法所达到的功效作总结性归纳。从上下文语义的逻辑性看，guaranteed显然更合适。it is guaranteed that意为“保证做到”。
6.
B
[解析] …and the 52 factor for their success is skill and training，rather than the level of disability． [译文] ……他们成功的_____因素是技能和训练，而不是残疾程度。 [点评] 此处需要一个形容词作定语，修饰factor。其中determining最为合适，the determining factor for their success意为“他们成功的决定性因素”。
7.
A
[解析] Functional classification means that all athletes in the same class have similar levels of function in areas such as range motion， 53 and balance． [译文] 功能性分级意味着同一级别的所有运动员在诸如动作幅度、____和平衡性方面有类似的功能水平。 [点评] 此处需要一个名词，和range motion和balance并列作宾语。以coordination最为合适。in areas such as range motion，coordination and balance意为“在诸如动作幅度、协调性和平衡性方面”。
8.
I
[解析] According to that system，athletes with different kind of disabilities can compete against each other if they have 54 levels of function． [译文] 根据这一体系，不同类别残疾的运动员如果其功能程度______，就能相互竞争。 [点评] 此处需要一个形容词作定语，修饰level。前文提到在公平的条件下竞争，因此similar正确。similar levels of function意为“功能程度相似”。
9.
D
[解析] The classes are 55 by a letter．． [译文] 各类别由一个字母___________…… [点评] 此处需要一个动词过去分词构成被动关系。符合这个条件的动词有describe和obtained。从下文的letter (字母)看，described显然更合适。
10.
K
[解析] The lower number 56 represents a higher level of disability． [译文] 数字越低，________代表残疾程度越高。 [点评] 此处需要一个副词作状语，修饰动词represents。前文提到字母时，解释说“通常是运动项目的首字母”，本句解释数字，因此可知同样用usually作状语。
Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One The Earth comprises three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate (硅酸盐) that are semi-molten at depth, and the thin, solid-surface crust. There are two kinds of crust, a lower and denser oceanic crust and an upper, lighter continental crust found over only about 40 percent of the Earth's surface. The rocks of the crust are of very different ages. Some continental rocks are over 3,000 million years old, while those of the ocean floor are less than 200 million years old. The crusts and the top, solid part of the mantle, totaling about 70 to 100 kilometers in thickness, at present appear to consist of about 15 rigid plates, 7 of which are very large. These plates move over the semi-molten lower mantle to produce all of the major topographical (地形学的) features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformation occurs are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates. There are three main types of zones of contact: spreading contacts where plates move apart, converging contacts where plates move towards each other, and transform contacts where plates slide past each other. New oceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth's crust, for example, by volcanic eruptions (爆发) of lava (火山熔岩) at mid-ocean ridges. If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents, a rift (裂缝) is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the sea. The Atlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and Afro-European plates moved in opposite directions. When two plates carrying continents collide, the continental blocks, too light to be drawn down, continue to float and therefore buckle (起褶皱) to form a mountain chain along the length of the margin of the plates.
Passage Two The cause of the decline of North Africa is popularly attributed to climatic changes, the theory being that the area became hotter and drier and the people were forced to abandon a thriving civilization. However, some geologists, after carefully weighing the evidence, have challenged the conclusion that the climate has changed in any important way since Roman times. Although climatological factors may also have contributed, it was man who destroyed the balance of nature responsible for maintaining soil fertility and moisture. Why is it that under certain circumstances, the plant cover is unable to regenerate itself, thus setting the stage for serious erosion (腐蚀)? To answer this question, let us take an extreme example, the destruction of tropical rain forests. In general, the equatorial (赤道附近的) soil is poor: forests can exist in these regions only because they are part of a balanced cycle. All that the forest produces is returned to the forest. The organic matter that falls from the trees constitutes the humus (腐殖土) that the forest requires. When people cut down all the trees to make room for crops, the soil is laid bare and, deprived of shade, heats up. An increase in soil temperature increases the rate of decomposition (分解) of organic matter. Organic nitrogen (氮) is converted into soluble ammonia (氨) and nitrates (硝酸盐), which the rains quickly leach (沥滤，溶滤)away. It has been calculated that a rise in temperature from 77 to 78.8 may increase the loss of nitrogen by fifteen to twenty pounds per acre per year. With the fertility of soil destroyed, an irreversible change from forest to desert can be initiated.
1. What do people usually think contributed to the decline of North Africa?
Part Ⅴ Cloze Directions: There ore 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Every education system is inevitably a mirror that reflects the culture of the society it is a part of. In many Western societies, such as the United States or Canada, 1 many different nationalities, religious groups and cultural orientations, individualism and independent thinking are 2 valued. And these values are reflected by the education systems in these countries. Teachers 3 the qualities that make each student special. Students are 4 expected to memorize information; instead, they are encouraged to 5 , find answers on their own and 6 individual solutions. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions, and to ex- press their ideas in class discussion. In Japan, 7 , the vast majority of people share the same language, history, and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the education system there reflects a belief in group goals and traditions 8 individualism. Japanese schoolchildren often work together and help one another on assignments. In the classroom, the teacher is the main 9 of knowledge: He or she lectures, and the students listen. There is not much discussion; 10 , the students recite rules or information that they have memorized. The advantage of the education system in Japan is that students there learn the social skill of cooperation. 11 advantage is that they learn much more math and science than most American students. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than their North American 12 do. Tile system is demanding, but it 13 children for a society that values discipline and self-control. There are, however, disadvantages. For one thing, many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information they memorized, 14 , the extremely demanding system puts enormous psychological pressure 15 students, and is considered a 16 factor in the high suicide rate among Japanese school-age children. The advantage of the education system in North America， 17 , is that students learn to think for themselves. They learn to 18 to make decisions and take action without someone telling them what to do. There are drawbacks, however. 19 other things, American high school graduates haven't studied as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have. And many social critics 20 the high crime rate in the US at least partially to a lack of discipline in the schools.
1.
A.which are made up of
B.which made up of
C.which are made of
D.which made of
A B C D
A
社会是由不同的民族、宗教团体等组成的，因此用which are made up of。
2.
A.variously
B.heavily
C.seriously
D.highly
A B C D
D
highly value sth．意思是“对某事高度重视”。前面提到different nationalities，可能会有人误选variously，要注意分析句子结构，本句的主语是“个人主义和独立思考”。
take the initiative to do sth．“主动做某事”；take refuge“避难”；take time“从容地做事”；take action“采取行动”。
19.
A.For
B.Within
C.Among
D.Between
A B C D
C
among other things用于一笔带过同类事例，只举典型例子。此处，其后的内容就是前一句中提到的draw- backs的典型。
20.
A.attach
B.appoint
C.associate
D.attribute
A B C D
D
attribute A to B意为“把A归因/归功于B”。
Part Ⅵ Translation Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets.
1. The value of houses in many big cities___________________________ (翻了一番还多) since 1995.
has more than doubled
[解析] 考查倍数的表达以及时态。翻了一番就是两倍，常用double；后面的since提示时态为现在完成时。 [点睛] 倍数的常用表达有如下几种：①倍数+as + much/many/long/large/big + as②倍数+longer/larger/more等+than，如：The room is three times as large as that one．=This room is two times larger than that one．③表示变化的动词+by+百分比，如：Population has increased by 200% in the past 25 years．人口在过去25年里增加了2倍。 (也就是原来的3倍。)
2. ___________________________________(信不信由你), his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.
Believe it or not
[解析] 考查固定表达。believe it or not常用作插入语，词形无人称、时态变化。 [点睛] 动词原形一般只有在祈使句或固定表达中才出现在句首，注意句首宇母要大写。
3. __________________________________________________(在18世纪末就开始投入使用), this kind of energy had brought great convenience for human beings.
Having come into use at the end of 18th century
[解析] 考查分词作状语从句的表达。看整句时态，完全是描述过去的事情，所以要用分词的完成式having done的形式。“投入使用”译为come into use。 [点睛] 非谓语动词的使用是重要考点，应该系统掌握。
4. In no case______________________________________________(依靠父母) for all your life.
should you be dependent on your parents
[解析] 考查部分倒装和短语。否定词或否定同组位于句首作状语时，该句要倒装。如：no，not，nor，neither， never，seldom，in no case，in no circumstances，in no way，not until等。“依赖”译为be dependant on或depend on。这句话也可译为．．should you depend on your parents。 [点睛] 此题体现出增译法：you和your的添加使得原句前后人称一致。
5. He doesn't dare to leave the house_______________________________________(惟恐被别人认出来).
for fear that he should be recognized
[解析] 考查目的状语从句的表达。“为了不要……”、“以防”、“以免”、“惟恐”等否定的目的状语从句由连词 so that．．．not；in order that．．．not…，for fear that…；lest．．．；in case．．．引导，从句中的谓语动词常用 should+动词原形构成的虚拟语气形式。 [点睛] 虚拟语气的形式较多，所以要全面掌握。
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题