Part Ⅰ Writing Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic. A Letter to the Minister of Education. You must base your composition on the following instructions ( given in Chinese ). Your composition should be no less than 120 words. Remember to write it neatly.
1. 假设你是李文，请你就学校假期的安排给教育部长写一封信，向他建议将学校的传统的长假调整为几次短假并陈述相关的原因比如：学习时间过长可能引起过度疲劳，而放假过长则可能导致浪费时间等等。 A Letter to the Minister of Education
[范文] A Letter to the Minister of Education Dear Minister of Education, I am a college student and I would like to suggest that students should be given several shorter breaks throughout the year instead of the traditional long vacation. In my opinion, it would be better for students to have more short vacations. The reasons why I am in favor of it are as follows. Furthermore, students must work very hard at their studies, If they work for too long without a break, they may become overtired and discouraged. They may lose their enthusiasm for learning, Second, a very long vacation is not necessary. Students can recharge their energy in a few days rather than weeks. Furthermore, many students do not use a long vacation wisely and just waste their time instead of doing something meaningful. And last but not the least, vacations give students time to explore other interests and perhaps apply what they have been learning to the real world. If they always locus on their studies, they may lose touch with what is happening in their society. In conclusion, believe that students today would benefit more from several short vacations than they do from two long ones. I do hope you can take my suggestion into consideration and make a final wise decision. Yours faithfully Li Wen
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Americans and Food An unusual but timely cartoon recently appeared in the local newspaper. The single panel showed a gravel-pit operation with piles of raw earth and large cranes. Next to one of the cranes stood the owner of the gravel pit -- a grizzled,, tough-looking character, hammer in hand, pointing proudly to the new sign he had just tacked up. The sign read," Fred's Fill Dirt and Croissants. "The cartoon illustrates an interesting phenomenon: the changing food habits of Americans. Our meals used to consist of something like home cooked pot roast, mashed potatoes laced with butter and salt, a thick slice of apple pie topped with a healthy scoop of vanilla ice cream --plain, heavy meals, cooked from scratch, and eaten leisurely at home. But America has changed, and as it has, so have what we Americans eat and how we eat it. We used to have simple, unsophisticated tastes and looked with suspicion at anything more exotic than a hamburger. Admittedly, we did adopt some foods from the various immigrant groups who flocked to our shores. We learned to eat croissants, those small, sweet French bread rolls, and also Chinese food and pizza, but in the last few years, the international character of our diet has grown tremendously. We can walk into any mall in Middle America and buy Mexican food like pita bread and tacos. Such foods are often changed on their journey from exotic imports to ordinary "American" meals, but the imports are still a long way from hamburger on a bun. Why have we become more worldly in our tastes7 For one thing, television blankets the country with information about new food products and trends. Viewers in rural Montana know that the latest craving in Washington, D. C. is Cajun cooking and that something called tofu is now available in the local supermarket. Another reason for the growing international flavor of our food is that Many young Americans have traveled abroad and gotten hooked on new tastes and flavors. Backpacking students and young professionals vacationing in Europe come home with a taste for authentic French bread or German beer. Finally, continuing waves of immigrants settle in the cities where many of us live, causing significant changes in what we eat. Vietnamese, Haitians, and Thais, for instance, bringing their native foods and cooking styles with them and eventually open small markets or restaurants. In time, the new food will become Americanized enough to take its place in our national diet. Our growing concern with health has also affected the way we eat. For the last few years, the media have warned us about the dangers of our traditional diet, high in salt and fat, low in fiber. The media also began to educate us about the dangers of processed foods pumped full of chemical additives. As a result, consumers began to demand healthier foods, and manufacturers started to change some of their products. many foods, such as lunch meat, canned vegetables, and soups ,were made available in low-fat, low-sodium versions. Whole-grain cereals and high-fiber breads also began to appear on the grocery shelves. Moreover, the food industry started to produce all-natural products -- everything from potato chips to ice cream -- without additives and preservatives. Not surprisingly, the restaurant industry responded to this switch to healthier foods, luring customers with salad bars, broiled fish, and steamed vegetables. Our food habits are being affected, too, by the rapid increase in the number of women working outside the home. Sociologists and other experts believe that two important factors triggered this phenomenon: the women's movement and a changing economic climate. Women were assured that it was acceptable, even rewarding, to work outside the home; many women also discovered that they had to work just to keep up with the cost of living. As the traditional role of homemaker changed, so did the way families ate. With Mom working, there wasn't time for her to prepare the traditional three square meals a day. Instead, families began looking for alternatives to provide quick meals. What was the result? For one thing, there was a boom in fast-food restaurants. The suburban or downtown strip that once contained a lone McDonalds now features Wendy's, KFCs, Burger King, and Pizza Hut. Families also began to depend on frozen foods as another time-saving alternative. Once again ,though ,demand changed the kind of frozen food available. Frozen food no longer consist of foil trays divided into greasy fried chicken, watery corn niblets, and lumpy mashed potatoes. Supermarkets now stock a range of supposedly tasty frozen dinners. It may not be possible to pick up a ton of fill dirt and a half-dozen croissants at the same place, but America's food habits are definitely changing. If it is true that" you are what you eat," then America's identity is evolving along with its diet.
1. The grizzled, tough-looking cartoon character warned Americans not to change their food habits.
N
[解析] 第一段提到"the cartoon illustrates" "the changing food habit of Americans"，说明美国人的饮食习惯正在改变，而并不是告诫人们不要改变饮食习惯。
2. The various immigrant groups in America contribute to Americans' international taste.
Y
[解析] 第二段提到“various immigrant groups" "flocked to our shores"，所以我们有机会"buy Mexican food"等等，所以说大量移民的涌人是使美国人的口味国际化的原因之一。
3. Many young Americans who have traveled abroad dislike traditional food more and more, so they only try exotic food.
NG
[解析] 第三段提到许多到外国旅游过的年轻美国人" gotton hooked on new tastes and flavors"，但是却并未提到他们越来越不喜欢传统饮食，只吃外国风味的食物。
4. Whole-grain cereals and high-fiber breads ale examples that manufacturers meet consumers' health demand.
Y
[解析] 第四段提到" our growing concern with health"，所以" manufacturers started to change some of their products"，这其中就以全麦和高纤维面包首当其冲。
5. Working women don't have enough time to prepare three meals a day so that families depend on traditional frozen food.
N
[解析] 前半句话在第五段中有提到，是正确的，但从这段倒数第二句" frozen food no long..."可知传统的速冻食品与现在的不同，故不正确。
6. According to the passage, American meals at one time were heavy and meat-based.
Y
[解析] 从第一段美国人过去常吃"pot roast"，" mashed potatoes laced with butter and salt"，"apple pie"等等，可看出他们的食物是含脂肪多难消化的，且以肉食为主。
7. Television keeps introducing different kinds of food, which is changing Americans' taste.
Y
[解析] 第三段提到" television blankets the country with information about new food"，而这正是我们的口味变得"more worldly" 的原因之一(for one thing)。
8. An important factor that has affected what Americans eat is increased consciousness about their______.
health
[解析] 第四段明确提到"our growing concern with health has also affected the way we eat"，所以影响美国人饮食的重要因素就是美国人越米越强的健康意识。
9. A direct result of the change in America's economic climate was______
an increase in the number of women working outside the home
[解析] 第五段提到" the rapid increase in the number of women working outside the home"是由两个原因引发的：" the women's movement"和 " a changing ecomomic climate"，所以说经济气候的改变的结果是更多的妇女外出就业。
10. According to the passage, the American identity is changing with the change in______
the change in the eating habits of its people
[解析] 从第一段提到的卡通形象代表的美国人可得出结论。
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[解析] W: I understand you've become a real cook lately, Martin. M: Well, since my wife began working, t decided to help out by making the meals every once in a while. Q: How frequently does Martin do the cooking at home?
[试题分析] 本题考查考生对对话大意的理解。 [详细解答] the man说自从他妻子开始工作后，他决定时不时地在家帮忙做饭。故选C。
2.
A.Because the policeman stopped him.
B.Because the driver charged too much.
C.For no good reason.
D.Because he had been rubbed.
A B C D
B
[解析] M :I was so angry when the cab driver tried to overcharge me that I called a policeman. W: That kind of thing seems to happen quite frequently. I think you did the right thing. Q: Why was the man annoyed?
[试题分析] 本题考查考生对原因的分析。 [详细解答] the man因为出租车司机收费过高而生气地叫来了警察。故选B。
3.
A.There is no time to fit in a course.
B.She hasn't started to work yet.
C.It's too early to register for the course.
D.She has a lot of forms to sign.
A B C D
C
[解析] M: Did you sign up for a course that fits in your current work schedule? W: Registration hasn't started yet. Q: What does the woman mean?
[试题分析] 本题考查考生对对话大意的理解。 [详细解答] the man询问the woman报名参加这个适合她现在工作时间的课程没有；the woman回答说报名还没有开始。故选C。(sign up for报名参加；fit in适合，适应)。
4.
A.The woman can pay either person.
B.The woman should buy the one she likes.
C.He likes the same one that the woman does.
D.He will talk to either person.
A B C D
A
[解析] W: Shall I pay you or the cashier up front? M: Whichever you like. Q: What is the man suggesting?
[试题分析] 本题考查考生对全篇对话的理解。 [详细解答] the woman询问她是付款给他还是给收款员，the man回答说愿意给谁都行。故选 A。
5.
A.He can't find the tickets.
B.He doesn't want to sit in the front.
C.He would rather stand than sit down.
D.He expects the hall to be crowded.
A B C D
D
[解析] W: Let's try to find seats in the front. M: Listen, we'll be lucky to find a place to stand at this concert. Q: What does the man mean?
[解析] 19-22 M: Hello, Mrs. Kelly. I'd like to pick up my test, please. W: Sure. Whose class are you in? M: Dr. Purcell's math class. W: And your name? M: My last name is Raleigh. R - A - L - E - I - G - H. W: That's right. Jim Raleigh. Here it is. M: Thank you. And Terry Young's test - too, please. W: Oh, I'm sorry. I can't let you take someone else' s test. M: He's sick, and he can't come in to get it. He's my roommate, W: I understand. But the privacy act won't permit it. M: Really? Maybe you could tell him. W: Not even then. I can only give a test to the student whose name appears on it. I can't even give it to a family member. M: That's bad. W. I think so, too, frankly, but that's the law. M: Okay. I'll tell Terry, Thanks anyway. W: You're welcome. Tell him I'll just keep his test here until he feels better and can come in for it himself. M: Okay. I'll do that, W: Have a nice day, Jim. M: You, too, Mrs. Kelly. 19．What do the speakers mainly discuss?
[解题思路] 本题考查的是会话的主题。 [详细解答] 一定要把握关键词，几个选项都有迷惑性，但是A项B项和D项只是在文中出现，只有C项是正确答案，依据"privacy act" "but that's the law" 等关键词可以做出判断。
2.
A.Because it is against the law.
B.Because the man is not a member of Terry' s family.
C.Because the woman cannot find the test.
D.Because Terry was too sick to take the test.
A B C D
A
[解析] Why can't the woman give Terry Young's test to the man?
[解题思路] 本题考查的是细节。 [详细解答] 先看题目，再有针对性的认真听。依据"but the privacy act won't permit it" "but that's the law" 可以做出选择。
3.
A.Young.
B.Purcell.
C.Raleigh.
D.Kelly.
A B C D
C
[解析] What is the man's last name?
[解题思路] 本题是细节题。 [详细解答] 答案C。先看题目，再有针对性的认真听。依据"my last name is Raleigh．R—A—L—E—I—G—H"可以做出判断。
4.
A.Call his friend.
B.Go to the office to get his test.
C.Send the woman a letter.
D.Take the test later.
A B C D
A
[解析] What will the man most probably do?
[解题思路] 本题是推理题。需要先把握大意。然后做出推理。 [详细解答] —般来讲，此类题目，几个选项都具有很强的迷惑性，一定要正确理解。关键词可以给出提示。由于" but the privacy act won't permit it" "but that's the law "，他只好说" I'll tell Terry"，由此可以看出 A为正确答案。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[解析] 23-25 W: Look, I'm sorry, but the books for Chem. 100 aren't in yet. M: Why not? School started last week. W: I really don't know. Maybe the professor ordered them late, or the publisher ran out of then and they are on back order. M: This is awful. I' m worried about this course anyway. I didn't do that well in chemistry in high school. W: I know what you mean. Did you check the used book section? M: Yes. No luck there. W: Okay. Look, why don't you go over to the library? I'll bet that the professor put at least one copy on reserve. M: Do you think so? That would be great. At least I could make copies of the pages that I need until the books come in. Oh, wait. If there's only one copy, everyone will be trying to do that. W: True. Well, we do have a bulletin board. You could put a notice up that you are looking for a book for Chemistry 100, and maybe someone who has it will want so sell it directly to you. Do you have a phone in the dorm? M: Yeah. I'll just put my name and phone number on the notice. That's a great idea! Where's the bulletin board? W: By the T - shirts and clothing near the front door. Oh, and be sure to put down the exact title of the book, too, because they don't always use the same one. M: Thanks. You've been a big help. 23．What do the speakers mainly discuss?
[解题思路] 本题是细节题。 [详细解答] 先看题目，再有针对性的认真听。会话中提到" I didn't do that well in chemistry in high school"，由此可以做出正确的选择。
3.
A.Check out a chemistry book.
B.Make copies of all the pages in the book.
C.Put a notice on the bulletin board.
D.Look for a copy of the book on the reserve shelf.
A B C D
C
[解析] What will the man do before he leaves?
[解题思路] 本题是推理题。 [详细解答] 首先要听明白大致内容，然后做出推理。会话中提到" I'll just put my name and phone number on the notice"
Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A.The speaker's friend entered his house from back door.
B.The speaker's friend entered his neighbor's house by mistake.
C.A thief entered the speaker's house by mistake.
D.The speaker's friend entered the room by climbing the apple tree.
A B C D
B
[解析] 26-28 An old friend from abroad, whom I was expecting to stay with me, telephoned from the airport to tell me that he had arrived. I was still at the office at the time, but I had made arrangements for his arrival. After explaining where my new flat was, I told him that I had left the key under a stone near tile door. As I was likely .to be at home rather late, I advised him to go into the kitchen and help himself to food and drink. Two hours later, my friend telephoned me from the flat. At the moment, he said, he was listening to some of my records after having just had a truly wonderful meal. He had found a pan on the gas stove and fried two eggs and had helped himself to some cold chicken from the refrigerator. Now he sail he was drinking a glass of orange juice and he hoped I would join him. I asked him if he had reached the flat without difficulty, he answered that he had not been able to find the key under the stone, but fortunately the living-room window just by the apple tree had been open and he had climbed in. I listened to all this in astonishment. There is no apple tree in front of my living-room, but there is one in front of my neighbor's. 26．What does the passage tell us?
[解析] 29-31 Some people don't like any thing to be out of place. They are never late for work; they return their books to the library on time; they remember people's birthdays and they pay their bills as soon as they arrive. Mr. Brown is such a person. Mr. Brown works in a bank, and lives on his own. His sister lives in the next town with her husband, and her son, Mark. Mr. Brown doesn't see his sister or her family from one year to the next, but he sends them Christmas cards, and he hasn't forgotten one of Mark's seventeen birthdays. Last week Mr. Brown had quite a surprise. He drove home from the bank at the usual time; driving neither too slowly nor too fast, he parked his car where he always parked it, out of the way of other cars, and he went inside to make his evening meal. Just then there was a knock at the door. When he opened it, he found a policeman standing there. Mr. Brown asked himself. "Have I driven on the wrong side of tile road? Has there been some trouble at the bank? Have I forgotten to pay an important bill?" "Hello, uncle," said the policeman, "My name's Mark." 29．Which of the following word is suitable to describe Mr Brown?
[解析] 32-35 The first postal service in North America began in New England in the 17th century. All mail arriving in Massachusetts colony was sent to the home of appointed official in Boston. In turn, he would deliver the mail from Boston on horseback to its destination, receiving one penny for each good article of mail. Later in the century postal services were established between Philadelphia and Delaware. In 1691, the British crown appointed the first postmaster general to have charge of the mail for all the colonies in North America. Later, Benjamin Franklin served as the postmaster general for the British government and then was made postmaster by the newly formed United States government. Franklin was responsible for establishing the United States' postal systems on a permanent basis. He increased the number of post office, introduced the use of stagecoaches to carry mail, and started a package service system. They were used to carry mail into the towns. Some communities, especially those out west, were far from the services of transportation. To serve them, the post office developed a system called "star routes". Private contractors paid to deliver mail to the communities from railways by horse and wagon. The postal service, which was started over 3 centuries ago has developed in to an extensive government service with post of fices in every city town and village in the United States 32．What is the main topic of this passage?
Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time ,you should check what you have written. Art, said Picasso, is a lie that makes us realize the truth. So is a map. We do not usually 1 the precise work of the mapmaker with a 2 object of art. Yet a map has many qualities that a painting or a poem has. It is truth realized in a 3 way, holding meanings it does not express on the surface. And like work of art, it requires 4 reading. Thus, map and reality are not, and cannot be, 5 . No aspect of map use is so obvious yet so often 6 . Most map reading mistakes occur because the user forgets this 7 fact and expect a one-to-one 8 between map and reality. 9 . To understand a painting, you must have some idea of the medium which was used by the artist. You wouldn't expect a water color to look anything like an oil painting or a charcoal drawing, even if the subject matter of all three were the same. 10 . As a map-reader, you should always be aware of the invisible hand of the mapmaker. 11 . The mapmaker translates reality into tile clearest possible picture under the circumstances, and the map-reader converts this picture back into an impression of the environment. For such communication to take place, tile map-reader as well as the mapmaker must know something about how maps are created.
[解析] 36-46 Art, said Picasso, is a lie that makes us realize the truth. So is a map. We de not usually (36)associate the precise work of the mapmaker with a (37)fanciful object of art. Yet a map has many qualities that a painting or a poem has. It is truth realized in a (38)symbolic way, holding meanings it does not express on the surface. And like work of art, it requires (39) imaginative reading. Thus, map and reality are not, and cannot be, (40)identical. No aspect of map use is so obvious yet so often (41) overlooked. Most map reading mistakes occur because the user forgets this (42) vital fact and expect a one-to-one (43) correspondence between map and reality. (44) A map, like a painting, is just one special version of reality. To understand a painting, you must have some idea of the medium which was used by the artist. You wouldn't expect a water color to look anything like an oil painting or a charcoal drawing, even if the subject matter of all three were the same. (45)In the same way, the techniques used to create maps will greatly influence the final representation. As a map-reader, you should always be aware of the invisible hand of the mapmaker. (46)If the entire map-making process operates at its full potential, communication takes place between the mapmaker and the user. The mapmaker translates reality into the clearest possible picture, under the circumstances, and the map-reader converts this picture back into an impression of the environment. For such communication to take place, the map-reader as well as the mapmaker must know something about how maps are created.
A map，like a painting，is just one special version of reality
[解析] 要听出此句，一则需要考生理解上下文并能进行猜测，二则需要考生有一定的词汇量。special version of reality意为“现实的一种特殊版本”。该句可写为：Like a painting，a map is a special kind of form showing reality。
10.
In the same way，the techniques used to create maps will greatly influence the final representation
[解析] 前文讲painting，该句讲map。该句可写为：Similarly，the techniques which are used to create maps will greatly affect the final representation
11.
If the entire map-making process operates at its full potential，communication takes place between the mapmaker and the user
[解析] 上句提到"map-reader要意识到mapmaker的无形的手”，而下文又讲到"map-reader"与 " mapmaker "之间如何实现交流(communication)。考生在听该句时，应仔细推敲上下文，这样，要听懂该句就较易了。该句可写为：If the map-making process operates fully，communication takes place between the mapmaker and the user。
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from. a list of choices given in a word blank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the blank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the blank more than once. Our ape -men forefathers had no obvious natural weapons in the struggle for survival in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the strong claws of the big cats. They could not 1 with the bear, whose strength, speed and claws 2 an impressive "smallfire" weaponry. They could not even defend themselves by running swiftly like the horses, zebras or small animals. If the ape-men had attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been 3 to failure and extinction. But they were 4 with enormous concealed advantage of a kind not possessed by any of their competitors. In the search for the pickings of the forest, the ape - men had 5 efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of color that the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range permitted the ape - men to study practical problems in a way that lay far 6 the reach of the original inhabitants of the grassland. Good logn-distance sight was quite another matter. Lack of long- distance vision had. 'not been a problm for forestdweling apes and mondeys because the higher the viewpoint, the greater the range of sight - so all they had had to do was climb a tree. Out in the open, however, this simple solution was not 7 Climbing a hill would have helped, but in many places the ground was flat. The ape - men 8 the only possible solution. They reared up as high as possible on their hind limbs and began to walk upright. This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages. It was extremely un-stable and it meant that tile already slow ape -men became slower still. However, they persevered and their bone structure gradually became 9 to tile new, unstable position that 10 them the name Homo erectus, upright man. A. available I) doomed B. pants J) adapted C. adopted K) posed D. compare L) endowed E. deserved M) earned F. provided N) beyond G. developed O) equipped H) accustomed
[解析] 根据上下文可猜测句意为：猿人适应了新的姿势，这使他赢得了直立人的名称。earn sb． the name意为“赢得……称谓”。
Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre
Passage One Science for self-reliance has, in recent years, become a matter of great concern for Third World and developing nations. These nations increasingly realize that science is the key to material development in their society and that without it, industrial, social and technological progress would be impossible. Many leaders of formerly colonized nations have cried out for the development of the scientific and technological skills among their peoples. With such skills, these nations ;viii be better able to utilize the resources which their own lands supply. There exists an acute need for scientists, engineers, technicians, economists, physicians, lawyers skilled in domestic and international law, and most importantly, perhaps, teachers and administrators with a commitment to sharing their skills with the underdeveloped nations. These nations would then be able to devise educational strategies and techniques needed to teach their students essential skills. Science for self-reliance: Perhaps this might be a good slogan for Third World nations looking to improve their positions among other nations, as well as the lives of their citizens.
1. The purpose of this selection is to______.
A.describe the superiority of the developed nations
B.stress the need for scientific and educational development
C.prove that underdeveloped nations are backward
D.show the poverty and ignorance of Third World countries
Passage Two The growth of population during the past few centuries is no proof that population will continue to grow straight upward toward infinity and doom. On the contrary, demographic history offers evidence that population growth has not been at all constant. According to paleo-ecologist Edward Deevey, the; past million years show three momentous changes. The first, a rapid increase in population around one million B. C, followed the innovations of tool-making and tool-using. But when the new power from the use of tools had been exploited, the rate of world population growth fell and became almost stable. The next rapid jump in population started perhaps 10,000 years ago, when men began to keep herds, plow and plant the earth. Once again when initial productivity gains had been absorbed, the rate of population growth abated. These two episodes suggest that the third great change, the present rapid growth, which began in the West between 250 and 350 years ago, may also slow down when, or if technology begins to yield fewer innovations. Of course, the current knowledge revolution may continue without foreseeable end. Either way contrary to popular belief in constant geometric growth-population can be expected in the long run to adjust to productivity. And when one takes this view, population growth is seen to represent economic progress and human triumph rather than social failure.
1. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A.Human population expands at an exponential rate.
B.Population growth has shown fluctuation in demographic history.
C.Population growth can not be regarded as a social failure.
D.Increase in population is related to productivity.
Part Ⅴ Cloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Americans this year will swallow 15000 tons of aspirin(阿斯匹林), one of the safest and 1 drugs 2 by map. The most popular medicine in the world today. It is a pain 3 . Its bad 4 are relatively mild, 5 it is cheap. For millions of people suffering from arthritis(关节炎), it is the only thing that works. Aspirin, 6 , is truly the 20th century wonder drug. It is also 7 suicide drug and is the leading 8 of poisoning among children. It has side effects that, 9 relatively mild, are largely unrecognized 10 users. A small 11 of aspirin (two five-grain tablets) relieves pain and inflammation (炎症). It also reduces fever by interfering 12 some of the body' s reactions. Specially, aspirin seems to 13 the formation of the acids 14 in pain and the complex chemical reactions that 15 fever. The chemistry of these acids is not fully understood, but the slowing effect of aspirin is well-known. Aspirin is very irritating to the stomach lining(内壁) and many aspiring takers complain 16 upset stomach. There is a right way 17 a wrong way to take aspirin. The best way is to chew the tablets 18 swallowing them with water but 19 . people can 20 the bitter taste. Some people suggest crushing the tablets in milk or orange juice and drinking that.
[解析] 关联词意义理解。 [详细解答] 此处讲阿斯匹林优点，两分句意义并列，因此选用and。effect一词也可作动词，“产生，完成”，例：effect one's purpose达到目的，effect s cure完成治疗。本题中前为形容词，后为be动词，因此，必填一名词入内。influence影响，表示对人思想头脑中的印象；cause原因，因此，选A较好。
6.
A.in short
B.in vain
C.in shape
D.in shore
A B C D
A
[解析] 阿斯匹林，简单地说，是二十世纪神奇药品。 [命题宗旨] 词组意义理解。 [详细解答] in short “简而言之”;in vain“徒劳”; in shape“在外形上” in shore“近岸、靠岸。”
7.
A.second larger
B.the second larger
C.the second largest
D.second largest
A B C D
C
[解析] 它是第二大自杀药品，并且，它也是孩子们中毒的主要原因。 [命题宗旨] 形容同比较级及最高级。 [详细解答] 形容词最高级前有定冠词，并可连序数词对其进行修饰，所以选the second largest为正确答案。
8.
A.reason
B.cause
C.course
D.coarse
A B C D
B
[解析] 词义理解。 [详细解答] cause “引起……的原因”；course“过程”；coarse“粗糙的，粗暴的”；reason “原因”；cause是引起结果的原因，例：The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast．reason 作“原因”讲时指对行为的解释。例：The reason he was driving too fast was that he was late for an important meeting. 他之所以快速驾车是因为开会迟到。
[解析] 词义理解。 [详细解答] lead to“领导某人的行动和意见”，“影响”；例：What led you to this conclusion?什么使你下此结论? cause某一原因引起某一结果。produce 表示“生产”，“创造”的含义。reach 到达某一点。因此选B为宜。
16.
A.around
B.about
C.on
D.of
A B C D
B
[解析] 阿斯匹林刺激胃内壁，许多阿斯匹林服用者都抱怨自己肠胃不适。 [命题宗旨] 固定搭配。 [详细解答] complain about 抱怨，例He always complains about my carelessness．他总是抱怨我的粗心。 complain of 也是一固定词组，“跟某人说某人有痛苦、疾病等”，例：He went to the doctor complaining of difficulty in breathing．他去医生那儿，告诉医生说他呼吸困难。
[解析] 词的用法掌握。 [详细解答] a little，a few表肯定意义，剩下的两个表否定；a little，little修饰不可数名词，few 和 a few修饰可数名词。
20.
A.stand up
B.stand
C.swallow
D.take
A B C D
B
[解析] 词义理解。 [详细解答] stand up “站起来”；stand“忍受”相当于bear，put up with；take“吃药”。
Part Ⅵ Short Answer Questions Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words ( not exceeding 10 words). It is a miracle that New York works at all. The whole thing is unbelievable. Every time the residents brush their teeth, millions of gallons of water must be consumed. When a young man in Manhattan writes a letter to his girl in Brooklyn, the love message gets blown to her through a pneumatic (充气的) tube-- pfft--just like that. The underground system of telephone cables, power lines, steam pipes, gas pipes is reason enough to abandon the island to the gods and tile beetles. Every time a cut is made on the street, the noisy surgeons expose ganglia (神经中枢)that are twisted beyond belief. By rights New York should have destroyed itself long ago, from terror or fire or failure of some vital supply lines in its circulatory system or from some deep complex short circuit. Long ago the city should have experienced an insoluble traffic confusion at some impassable bottle-neck. It should have died of hunger when food lines failed for a few days. It should have been wiped out by widespread diseases starting in its dirty blocks or carried in by ships' rats. It should have been swallowed by the sea that licks at it on every side. The workers in its innumerable cells should have gone mad, from the fearful darkness of smoke-fog that drifted over every few days from the Jersey, darkening all light at noon and leaving the high offices suspended, men groping (摸索) and depressed, and the sense of world's end. It should have been touched in the head by the August heat and become crazy.
2. What does the author imply when he says that "millions of gallons of water must be consumed"?
The population is very large
[解析] 善于归纳细节部分。 [详细解答] 简答题中多数问题所涉及的是细节问题，即根据文章中某一段或某几句提问。在回答问题前，我们先得找到所提问的部分。通过浏览上下文确定答案部分。切记，确定答题部分后，不要轻易照抄原文。特别当问句是要求我们答出隐含的意思时，完全照搬是行不通的。如回答本问题时，我们显然不能直接答出" the residents blush the teeth"。问句中的imply 一词表明此问题不能从字面来理解的。刷牙都要用掉数百万加仑的水，这说明纽约的人口有多么的多。
5. Why are people unable to see clearly even in daytime in New York?
Smoke-fog drifts over the city
[解析] 把握文中的细节部分。 [详细解答] 所谓说明文或议论文是对一种现象阐述作者的观点。作者列出各种现象，提出各种论据，来说明他要表达的主题。回答原因的问句，所依据的也正是作者所提出的论据。在此问题中，作者提到…smoke-fog that drifted over every few days from Jersey，darkening all lights…既然烟雾把光都挡住了，人们在遮天蔽口中当然也就看不清了。
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题