6. ______ that he would get a promotion soon, he felt grateful and worked even harder.
A.Having convinced
B.Been convinced
C.Convincing
D.Convinced
A B C D
D
[考点] 本题考查过去分词作状语。 [解析] 句意为“确认自己将获得晋升后,他很感激并更加努力地工作”。过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时,表示被动和完成,在句子中一般可以表示时间、原因等,其逻辑主语和句子主语一致。如:Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.由于老师对他所做的事情很满意,于是在班上表扬了他。有些及物动词的过去分词形容词化了,并不强调被动意味,而主要表示一种状态或结果。Convinced that he would get a promotion soon作原因状语,相当于Because he was convinced that he would get a promotion soon,故本题选D。
7. In your free time, ______ this incredible city and you will certainly have an unforgettable experience.
12. Which of the following does a teacher want his/her students to develop if he/she requires them to sort out and sum up the knowledge they have learned? ______
A.Affective strategy.
B.Communication strategy.
C.Met acognitive strategy.
D.Cognitive strategy.
A B C D
C
[考点] 本题考查学习策略。 [解析] affective strategy“情感策略”,communication strategy“交际策略”,met a cognitive strategy“元认知策略”,cognitive strategy“认知策略”。教师让学生对所学内容进行整理和归纳,可以培养学生的元认知策略。故本题选C。
13. Which of the following is a communicative activity? ______
A.Listening to the news report and talking about an event.
B.Listening to the news report and filling in a form.
C.Listening to the news report and writing the main idea.
D.Transferring the information from the news report into a chart.
14. When students learn "apple, orange", the teacher gives students another word "fruit". Which principle does the teacher follow in his/her vocabulary teaching? ______
15. In a listening class, a teacher asks students to listen to the material carefully and try to discriminate the speaker's attitude towards lifelong learning. What sub-skill of listening is the teacher training? ______
16. ______ stage for teaching writing includes discussion or debate on relevant topic, picture telling, free talk, reading short passages, and audio-visual activities.
17. As for a lesson plan, a teacher says, "When do lesson planning, I always prepare some extra and alternative tasks and activities so that I have the options to cope with the unexpected situations." According to the teacher's words, we can know that the teacher follows the principle of ______ in lesson planning.
20. The teacher gives students 2 minutes to skim a text, and when time is up, he asks students to stop and answer some questions. Here the teacher is playing the role of a(n) ______.
请阅读下面文章,完成下面小题。 Lonely people, it seems, are at greater risk than the gregarious of developing illnesses associated with chronic inflammation, such as heart disease and certain cancers. A paper published last year in the Public Library of Science, Medicine, shows the effect on mortality of loneliness is comparable with that of smoking and drinking after examining the results of 148 previous studies and controlled for factors such as age and pre-existing illness. Steven Cole of the University of California, Los Angeles, thinks he may know why this is so. He told the American Association for the Advancement of Science meeting in Washington, D.C., about his work studying the expression of genes in lonely people. Dr. Cole harvested samples of white blood cells from both lonely and gregarious people. He then analyzed the activity of their genes, as measured by the production of a substance called messenger RNA. This molecule carries instructions from the genes telling a cell which proteins to make. The level of messenger RNA from most genes was the same in both types of people. There were several dozen genes, however, that were less active in the lonely, and several dozen others that were more active. Moreover, both the less active and the more active gene types came from a small number of functional groups. Broadly speaking, the genes less active in the lonely were those involved in staving off viral infections. Those that were more active were involved in protecting against bacteria. Dr. Cole suspects this could help explain not only why the lonely are filer, but how, in evolutionary terms, this odd state of affairs has come about. The crucial bit of the puzzle is that viruses have to be caught from another infected individual and they are usually species-specific. Bacteria, in contrast, often just lurk in the environment, and may thrive on many hosts. The gregarious are therefore at greater risk than the lonely of catching viruses, and Dr. Cole thus suggests that past evolution has created a mechanism which causes white cells to respond appropriately. Conversely, the lonely are better off ramping up their protection against bacterial infection, which is a bigger relative risk to them. What Dr. Cole seems to have revealed, then, is a mechanism by which social environment reaches inside a person's body and tweaks its genome so that it responds appropriately. It is not that the lonely and the gregarious are genetically different from each other. Rather, their genes are regulated differently, according to how sociable an individual is. Dr. Cole thinks this regulation is part of a wider mechanism that tunes individuals to the circumstances they find themselves in.
21. What risk may lonely people run according to the first paragraph? ______
22. Dr. Cole made an analysis of the activity of the genes by ______.
A.measuring the level of messenger RNA
B.calculating the number of more active gene types
C.instructing the production of certain proteins
D.comparing less active genes with more active ones
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。根据原文第二段中的“Dr. Cole harvested samples of white blood cells from both lonely and gregarious people. He then analyzed the activity of their genes, as measured by the production of a substance called messenger RNA.”可知Cole博士从孤独的人和爱交际的人那里收集了白细胞样本,然后靠测量一种叫作信使RNA的物质的数量分析了他们基因的活跃度,或者说通过测量信使RNA的含量来分析基因活跃度,故A项符合题意。B项和D项在原文中没有捉及,可排除。原文提到的是信使RNA携带者基因上的指令,这些指令告诉细胞生产哪类蛋白质,显然这是对信使RNA的介绍,并不是分析基因活跃度的方法,故C项“对合成某种蛋白质下达指令”错误。
23. Broadly speaking, the genes more active in the lonely ______.
A.helped to avoid infections resulting from viruses
B.participated in guarding against bacteria
C.came from a few different functional groups
D.existed only as a small group
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。根据原文第三段中的“Broadly speaking,the genes less active in the lonely were those involved in staving off viral infections. Those that were more active were involved in protecting against bacteria.”可知,孤独的人体内不太活跃的基因是那些帮助人们避开病毒感染的基因,而那些较活跃的基因帮助人们抵抗细菌。故本题选B。文中提到避开病毒感染的基因是孤独的人体内活跃度较低的基因,故排除A项。第二段末句说无论是活跃度较高的基因还是活跃度较低的基因都来自少数功能群,与C项矛盾。D项在原文未提及,故排除。
24. What can we know about viruses and bacteria from the fourth paragraph? ______
A.Viruses often remain hidden in the environment.
B.Bacteria are passed to other people by the infected individual.
C.The lonely people can catch viruses more easily.
D.Viruses pose a greater threat to the gregarious than bacteria.
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。根据原文第四段中的“The crucial bit of the puzzle is that viruses have to be caught from another infected individual...Dr. Cole thus suggests that past evolution has created a mechanism which causes white cells to respond appropriately.”可知.病毒通过另一个已感染此病毒的人传染给某个人,并且病毒通常有其一对一的特殊宿主。相比之下,细菌经常仅仅潜伏在周围的环境中,并且宿主众多。所以爱交际的人比孤独的人更易感染病毒。南此可见,病毒较之细菌对爱交际的人的威胁更大,故本题选D。原文提到经常潜伏在周围环境中的是细菌,而不是病毒,故A项错误。B项描述的是病毒的传染方式。C项与原文中的“The gregarious are therefore at greater risk than the lonely of catching viruses”描述矛盾。
25. What message does Dr. Cole seem to convey by the mechanism? ______
A.The lonely people differ in genes from the gregarious people.
B.Sociability can adjust a person's genome and make it work properly.
C.The lonely people can become sociable if they regulate their genes.
D.Individuals have to find their own ways to adapt to the environment.
A B C D
B
[解析] 推断题。根据原文最后一段中的“What Dr. Cole seems to have revealed, then, is a mechanism…their genes are regulated differently. according to how sociable an individual is.”可知,Cole博士似乎已经揭示出这样一种机制,社交环境可以影响人们体内的生化活动,调整人体内的基因组以让其做出恰当的反应。这并非说孤独的人和爱交际的人在基因上有所不同,而是根据交际程度的不同,这两种人以不同的方式调控各自的基因。归纳上述内容可推断,交际程度能调整人的基因组,使它得以良好运作,故本题选B。A项与此意矛盾,可排除。C项在原文中并未提及。D项“个人要找到他们自己的方式来适应环境”不符合Cole博士要表达的意思。
请阅读下面文章,完成下面小题。 An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you're more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this. Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what they call the "above average effect" or "illusory superiority", and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving and 85% at getting on well with others—all obviously statistical impossibilities. We rose-tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem. We stalk around thinking we're hot stuff. Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key study into self enhancement and attractiveness. Rather than have people simply rate their beauty compared with others, he asked them to identify an original photograph of themselves from a lineup including versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is "an automatic psychological process, occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparentconscious deliberation." If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image—which most did—they genuinely believed it was really how they looked. Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that those who self-enhanced the most (that is, the participants who thought the most positively doctoredpictures were real) were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact, those who thoughtthat the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other markers for having higher self-esteem. "I don't think the findings that we have are any evidence of personal delusion," says Epley. "It's a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves." If you are depressed, you won't be self-enhancing. Knowing the results of Epley's study, it makes sense that many people hate photographs of themselves viscerally—on one level, they don't even recognize the person in the picture as themselves. Face book, therefore, is a self-enhancer's paradise, where people can share only the most flattering photos, the cream of their wit, style, beauty, intellect and lifestyles. "It's not that people's profiles are dishonest," says Catalina Toma of Wisconsin-Madison University, "but they portray an idealized version of themselves."
26. According to the first paragraph, social psychologists have found that ______.
A.our self-ratings are unrealistically high
B.illusory superiority is a baseless effect
C.self-enhancing strategies are ineffective
D.our need for leadership is unnatural
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。根据题干定位到第一段。最后一句提到“Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what they call the' above average effect' or' illusory superiority',and shown that...all obviously statistical impossibilities”,社会心理学家通过海量的研究得出了他们所谓的“高于平均水平效应”或“虚假的优越感”,并且表明……这在统计学上明显是不可能的事,因此A项“我们的自我评估不切实际地高”为正确答案。B项“虚幻的优越感是无根据的效应”、C项“自我增强策略是无效的”、D项“我们对领导力的要求是不自然的”,在原文中均找不到依据。
27. Visual recognition is believed to be people's ______.
A.rapid matching
B.intuitive response
C.automatic self-defence
D.conscious choice
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。根据关键词“visual recognition”定位到第三段中的“Visual recognition...is' an automatic psychological process, occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation.’”,即视觉识别是“一个自动的心理过程,是迅速且凭直觉发生的.几乎不经过明显的有意识的考虑”。因此B项“(视觉识别是)直觉反应”为正确答案,intuitive response是原文“occurring…intuitively”的同义再现。A项“快速配对”与D项“有意识的选择”均与原文“with little or no apparent conscious deliberation”表述矛盾。C项“自动的自我防卫”在原文找不到依据。
28. Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to ______.
A.underestimate their insecurities
B.cover up their depressions
C.believe in their attractiveness
D.oversimplify their illusions
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。根据关键词“people with higher self-esteem”定位到第四段中的“...those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other markers for having higher self-esteem”,即那些认为照片越有吸引力就越真实的人恰好是那些表现出更强自尊心的人。由此可知,C项“相信他们的吸引力”为正确答案。A项“低估了他们的不安全感”、B项“掩盖了他们的沮丧”、D项“过分简化了他们的错觉”,均与原文不符。
29. The word "viscerally" (Para. 5) is closest in meaning to ______.
A.occasionally
B.instinctively
C.particularly
D.aggressively
A B C D
B
[解析] 词汇题。根据关键词“viscerally”定位到第五段。前文Epley的实验结果证明人们通常自我感觉良好。本段第一句提到“Knowing the results of Epley's study, it makes sense that many people hate Photographs of themselves viscerally...”,这就可以解释为什么许多人知道了Epley的实验结果后,viscerally对他们自己的照片感到厌恶。破折号后面解释道“on one level, they don't even recognize the person in the pictures themselves”,在某种层面上,他们甚至并不认为照片中的人就是他们自己。由此可见他们发自内心地、打心眼里厌恶图片中的自己。因此B项instinctively“本能地”与viscerally意思最相近,为正确答案。A项“偶然地”、C项“尤其”、D项“侵略地”均与原文不符。
30. It can be inferred that Facebook is a self-enhancer's paradise because people can ______.
A.present their dishonest profiles
B.withhold their unflattering sides
C.define their traditional lifestyles
D.share their intellectual pursuits
A B C D
B
[解析] 推断题。根据关键词“Face book is a self-enhancer's paradise”定位到最后一段中的“Facebook, therefore, is a self-enhancer's paradise,where people can share only the most flattering photos, the cream of their wit, style, beauty, intellect and lifestyles”,即Facebook就是自我增强者的天堂,因为人们只在上面分享他们最漂亮的照片,分享他们智慧、风格、美貌、智力和生活方式中的精华部分。因此B项“隐瞒他们有损形象的一面”为正确答案。A项“展现他们不诚实的一面”与原文“It's not that people's profiles are dishonest”表述不符。C项“定义他们传统的生活方式”,原文只提到表现生活方式中的精华部分。D项“分享他们对知识的追求”,原文并未提及。
T: Now, give you five minutes. Four students in a group, and have a discussion about your opinion on the dishonest advertisement behavior. Later, some students will share with us. Here we go! ... T: Ok, time is up! Who wants to share? S1: The advertisement can guide consumers to buy they need ... T: Stop here, you should add a "what" after buy, understand? Go on! S1: But sometimes it will mislead them to buy what they don't need. So, to some degree, it will damage their interest. T: Ok, good. Sit down! The dishonest advertisement behavior has some bad effects on consumers, so measures should be taken to manage the advertisement market. For example, the government should make some specific regulations and reinforce the management ...
请根据材料回答下面的两个问题。
1. 该教学过程体现了教师的哪些角色(至少两点)?
教师角色: ①控制者。教师对课堂活动的进度加以控制,使开展活动的时间与教案预计的时间基本吻合。教师要求学生用五分钟时间进行活动,时间一到就提醒学生停止,这体现了教师控制者的角色。 ②评价者。学生回答出现错误时,教师立即纠正"Stop here,you should add..."这体现了教师评价者的角色。 ③组织者。教师在活动中扮演组织者的角色,主要任务是明确交代任务并使活动开展起来,并在活动结束后及时反馈。教师采取了小组活动的组织形式,即在学生开始活动前,清楚准确地发出指令,宣布活动的具体内容。
1. 设计任务:请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材,设计20分钟的英语阅读教学方案。教案没有固定格式,但须包含下列要点: ● teaching objectives ● teaching contents ● key and difficult points ● major steps and time allocation ● activities and justifications 教学时间:20分钟 学生概况:某城镇普通高中一年级(第二学期)学生,班级人数40人,多数学生已经达到《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》六级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。 语言素材:
Good teacher
To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear. Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still before his class: he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality (音色) and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about. The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn't mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher's work and the actor's. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand (预先). What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage. A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don't understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to meet the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along. I have known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage-play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written.
[参考设计] Teaching Contents: The lesson is a passage about the qualities a good teacher should possess. Teaching Objectives: (1) Knowledge objective Students can know about what a good teacher is. (2) Ability objective After reading this passage, students can assess a teacher. (3) Emotional objective After reading the passage, students can better understand teacher, and respect the job of teacher Teaching Key and Difficult Points: (1) Teaching key point Students can get the main idea about the passage and list the qualities of a good teacher. (2) Teaching difficult point How to enable students to use the reading strategies skillfully. Major Steps: Step 1 Pre-reading (4 minutes) Show students a video about the "Best County Teachers, 2017". Then make them discuss a question: What quality do you think is the most important as a good teacher? Why? (Justification: The video can motivate students' interest in the topic and make a foundation for next step.) Step 2 While-reading (8 minutes) (1) Skimming Ask students to read the passage as quickly as they can, then find out the main idea of this passage, and list four qualities of a good teacher according to Paragraph 1. (Justification: To help students understand this passage in a short time so that they can improve their skimming skill.) (2) Scanning Lead students to read again and then answer the following questions: ① What is the purpose of a good teacher's standing the whole time, walking about, using his arms, hands and fingers when he is teaching? ② How do a good teacher's quality (音色) and the musical note of his voice change? ③ What's the differences between a teacher and an actor? ④ What if students don't understand what the teacher says in the class? ⑤ Why are many good teachers unable to take part in a stage-play? (Justification: By reading the passage carefully, students will better understand the passage.) Step 3 Post-reading (8 minutes) (1) Discussion: What else qualities do you think a good teacher should possess? Why? (2) Role-play: Students are supposed to play the role of a teacher and try to give a lecture on whatever topics they want to. (Justification: Through these activities, students can be aware of the hardship of being a teacher and will respect teachers more in the future.)