Passage One The potential of closed-circuit television and other electronic teaching tools is so great that it is inspiring to imagine "the school of tomorrow". Televised lesson will be given in a central building having perhaps four or five master studios. The lesson will be carried out into classrooms all over a city, or even an entire country. After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for the allimportant "follow-up" period. The students will ask any troublesome questions, and difficult points will be cleared up through discussion. The teacher in the classroom will have additional electronic tools. On the teacher's desk, the traditional bright red apple will have been replaced by a multiple-control panel (控制板) and magnetic tape players. The tape machines will run prerecorded lessons which pupils will follow by headphones. The lesson will be specifically connected closely to the student's levels of ability. For instance, while the class as a whole studies history, each student will receive an individual history lesson directed to his particular level of ability. Should questions arise, the students will be able to talk directly to the teacher on individual "intercoms" (对讲装置) without disturbing the rest of the class. In this way, the teacher will be able to conduct as many as three classes at the same time.
1. The closed-circuit television will probably carry lessons to ______.
Passage Two Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its advantages. He gives as an example the process by which pins were made in England. "One man draws out the wire; another strengthens it; a third cuts it; a fourth points it; a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the head. To make the head requires two or three operations. To put it on is a separate operation, to polish the pins is another. And the important business of making pins is, in this manner, divided into about eighteen operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will some times perform two or three of them. " Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4800 pins per worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, none of them could have made twenty pins in a day and perhaps not even one. There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still (停滞不前). But division of labor adds nothing new; it only enables people to produce more of what they already have.
1. According to the passage, Adam Smith was the first person to ______.
4. According to the writer, Adam Smith's mistake was in believing that division of labor ______.
A.was an efficient way of organizing work
B.was an important development in methods of production
C.certainly led to economic development
D.increased the production of existing goods
A B C D
C
本题问作者认为亚当·斯密在劳动分工问题上的错误认识是什么。通读全文,我们可以在文章的最后一段第三句这个带有转折词的句子“Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it ccounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still.”中找到与问题答案相关的信息。此句话中的关键短语是took it for granted(认为……是理所当然的),表现出作者的反对意见,所以本题的正确答案应是C“肯定会导致经济的发展是他在劳动分工问题上的错误认识”。
5. Which of the following could serve as an appropriate title for the passage?
A.Adam Smith, the English Economist.
B.The Theory of Division of Labor.
C.Division of Labor, an Efficient Way of Organizing Work.
D.Adam Smith, the Last Discoverer of Division of Labor.
Passage Three In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it's a matter of life and death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance. In social life, time plays a very important part. In the USA guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat time differently; promptness (准时) is valued highly in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the US no one would think of keeping a business friend waiting for an hour; it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late is expected to make a short apology. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.
1. "The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. "Here "attached" means
2. Supposing one wants to make a telephone call at midnight, this would mean ______.
A.the matter is less important
B.the matter is somewhat important
C.the matter requires immediate attention
D.it is a matter of critical importance
A B C D
D
这是一道根据具体细节进行推理的题目。问假设有人半夜三更打电话,这会意味着什么。根据文章第一段倒数第二句“If someone receives a call during sleeping hours,he assumes it's a matter of 1ife and death.”我们可以推断:midnight就是文章中讲到的during sleeping hours。所以,半夜接到电话的人会认为此事生死攸关,具有非同寻常的重要性。因此本题正确答案应为D。
3. According to this passage, time plays an important role in ______.
A.everyday life
B.private life
C.communications
D.transmission
A B C D
C
根据本文第一段最后一句“The time chosen for the caIl communicates its importance”可以确定本题的正确答案应为C“在人际交往中时间起着非常重要的作用”。
5. According to the passage, the author of the article may agree with which of the following statements?
A.It is appropriate to send your invitation cards three or four days before a dinner party date in the US.
B.It may be appropriate to send your invitation cards to your guests three or four days before a dinner party date in some cultures.
C.It is best for one to make telephone calls at night because it costs much less.
D.If one is less than 5 minutes late, he has to make a short apology.
A B C D
B
本题问按照文章所讲内容,作者可能会同意以下哪一个观点。本题是一道判断是非类问题,可根据本文的有关句子利用排除法做出判断。文章第二段第二句“In the USA guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.”告诉我们A项不符合原文内容,是错误选项。第一段讲到打电话的时间但并没有提到半夜打电话可节省费用,因而可以排除C项。第二段的最后两句话指出迟到五分钟的话,迟到者应道歉,如果迟到不足五分钟的话,可以稍作解释,因此D也是错误选项。而第二段的第四句“In other areas of the world it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten”暗示出在某些国家和文化背景下,可能提前三四天向客人发出晚宴邀请函是恰当的。因此B项是正确答案。
Passage Four Do you forget to turn off the lights and heaters when you go out of a room? In 2040 it will not matter. They will turn themselves off—and on again when you return. You will choose the temperature for each room, the lighting and the humidity. A sensor will detect the presence of a human (and, with luck, ignore the dog! ) and turn the systems on, and when the humans leave it will turn them off again. The sensors will work through the central home computer, and they will do much more than just turn the fires and lights on and off for you. They will detect faulty electrical appliances, plugs or switches, isolate them so that they cannot harm anyone, and then warn you that they need repair. They will detect fire and if you are out of the house, the computer will call the fire brigade. It will also call the police should the sensors detect an intruder. This will not be too difficult because the locks on the outside doors will be electronic. You will open them using your personal card—the one you use for shopping—maybe using a number known only to you. It will be impossible to lose the key, and a housebreaker will have to tamper (拨弄) with the lock or with a window. It is not very difficult to make such tampering send a signal to the computer. The computer will be more than a fireman policeman servant. It will be an entertainer, and most of your entertainment will come right into your home. It does now, of course, but by 2040 "entertainment" will mean much more. For one thing, you will be able to take part actively, rather than just watching...
1. The author intends to tell us that ______.
A.in 2040 we will live without the lights and heaters
B.in 2040 we will use much more lights and heaters
C.in 2040 lights and heaters will be on and off automatically
D.in 2040 there will be no switches of lights and heaters
Passage Five How men first learnt to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words. The power of words, then, lies in their associations—the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases. Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and dull.
4. In expressing their thoughts, great writers are able ______.
A.to confuse the readers
B.to move men to tears
C.to move our actions
D.to puzzle our feelings
A B C D
B
本题是一道具体细节题。问在表达思想情感时,伟大的作家们能够做什么。利用查阅式阅读法,我们可以了解到这一问题是针对文章最后一段提出的。文章最后一段指出,伟大的作家不仅有伟大的思想,而且还能用充满魅力的词语将其思想表达出来,打动人们的思想和感情,这种充满魅力的语言运用就是我们所说的文学形式。尤为重要的是,真正的诗人是语言大师,他能用如歌般的词语将自己的意思表达出来,这些词语的使用和联系能使人感动得落泪。因此,A、C、D三个选项在原文中找不到任何根据。而the real poet应当属于great writers的范围,本题的正确答案应选B“他们能够使人们感动得落泪”。
5. Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true?
A.He is no more a master of words than an ordinary person.
B.He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.