Part ATranslate the following passage into Chinese.1. Psychologically, there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. One's thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy; one's own past is a gradual increasing weight. It is easy to think to oneself that one's emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one's mind keener. If this is true it should be forgotten, and if it is forgotten it will probably not be true.
The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigor from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous. I do not mean that one should be without interest in them, but one's interest should be contemplative and, if possible, philanthropic, but not unduly emotional. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.
从心理学角度来说,老年人要防范两种危险。其一是过分沉湎于往事。人不能生活在回忆当中,不能生活在对美好往事的惋惜之中,抑或是生活在对已故友人的哀痛之中。人应当把心思放在未来、放在自己还可以有所作为的事情上。这并不总是那么容易做到的,因为往事的分量会不断增加。人们很容易觉得过去自己的情感比现在更活跃,思想比现在更加敏锐。果真如此,那就该忘掉它;可要是忘得掉的话,那很可能这个想法就不是真的。
另一件要避免的事是依恋年轻人,期望从他们的勃勃生机中获得活力。子女们长大之后,就想过自己的生活。如果你还像子女小时那样关注他们,你就会成为他们的累赘,除非他们异常麻木不仁。我倒不是说对子女不应予以关注,而是说这种关注应该保留在思想中;可能的话,还应该宽仁,而不是过分感情用事。动物的幼崽一旦可以独立,父母就不再理会它们;人类由于幼年期较长,很难做到这一点。
Part BTranslate the following sentences into English.1. 从解决实际问题的角度讲,哲学是没有用的:但是哲学的价值在于启发人们的问题意识和逻辑思辨能力;这是其他学科无法替代的。
As to solving the practical problems, philosophy is useless. Its value lies in inspiring people's consciousness of problem and logical thinking ability, without other subject alternative to it.
2. 我不同意你的观点,但我会誓死捍卫你发表那些观点的权力。如果我们每个人都能做到这一点,我们这个社会将会是一个和谐的、充满活力的社会。
I disprove of what you say, but I will defend to death your right to say it. As long as we do this, our society will be a harmonious and dynamic one.
3. 原子内部超过99%的空间空无一物。若将这些空间全压缩掉,那么全球人类可以被塞进一粒方糖。
More than 99% of internal space of an atom was empty. If the space can be compressed, the global human can be crammed into a grain of sugar.
4. 语言学家王力认为西方语言是法治的语言,汉语则是人治的语言;这话用来描述中西语言在句法形式上的差别是非常贴切的。
Linguist Wang Li believes that western language is governed by rules, while Chinese is ruled by man. This is an appropriate description of the difference between Chinese and western language in syntactic form.
5. 人生没有彩排,每天都是实况直播,不仅收视率低,而且工资不高。
Life is not a dress rehearsal. Every day is a live broadcast with low rating and wages.