Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.
1. As I'll be away for at least a year, I'd appreciate ______ from you now and then telling me how everyone is getting along.
7. The roles expected ______ old people in such a setting give too few psychological satisfactions for normal happiness.
A.of
B.on
C.to
D.with
A B C D
A
[解析] 本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。 [详细解答] expect sth.of sb.为固定搭配,意为“对某人寄予某种期望”,本句为expect roles of old people,只是expect在这里是过去分词作后置定语,roles是先行词。
8. Talk to anyone in the drug industry, ______ yon' ll soon discover that the science of genetics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered.
Section B Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. Then, without altering the meaning of the sentence, write down your correction on the line on the ANSWER SHEET I.
1. Having isolated on a remote island, with little work to occupy them, the soldiers suffered from boredom and low spirits. A. Having isolated B. with C. to occupy D. spirits
3. The ruling party could even lose its majority in the lower house of parliament, started a period of prolonged struggling. A. ruling B. its C. started D. prolonged struggling
4. The mechanisms at work are manifest in the tendency for such physical activity to utilize the potential harmful constituents of the stress response. A. at B. are manifest C. to D. potential
5. In the long run, however, this hurry to shed full - time staff may be more harmful to industry as it is to the workforce. A. In B. to shed C. be more D. to
6. See to it that you include in the examination paper whatever questions they didn't know the answer last time. A. it B. in C. whatever D. the answer
D,在the answer后加介词to。
[解析] 本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。 [详细解答] 从结构上看,句中“they didn't know the answer”作定语,修饰questions,而这里的先行词为the answer to的宾语,正常结构应为the answer to the question,即“问题的答案”。
7. Most newspapers, while devoting the major part of its space to recent events, usually manage to find room on the inside pages for articles on some interesting topics. A. while devoting B. its C. room D. on
8. One sign by which you are making progress in an art such as painting or photography is that you begin to realize how much there is to learn. A. by which B. an art C. that D. there is
A,改为that
[解析] 本题考查从句引导词的运用。 [详细解答] 本题中的sign意为“迹象”,它后面的从句you are making progress是它的同位语,而不是它的定语,同位语从句只能用that来引导,故应将by which改为that。
9. The ideal listener stays both inside and outside the music at the moment it is played and enjoying it almost as much as the composer at the moment he composes. A. inside and outside B. enjoying C. as much as D. composes
10. Continued exposure to stress has been linked to worsened functioning of the immune system, leaving a person more liable for infection A. Continued B. worsened C. leaving D. for
Section C Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B] , [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.
1. He spoke so ______ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.
6. The capital intended to broaden the export base and ______ efficiency gains from international trade was channeled in stead of uneconomic import substitution.
9. The American society is ______ an exceedingly shaky foundation of natural resources, which is connected with the possibility of a worsening environment.
A.established on
B.affiliated to
C.originated from
D.incorporated with
A B C D
A
[解析] 奉题为动词短语词义辨析题。 [词义辨析] established on意为“建立在(……基础上)”;affiliated to意为“隶属于”;originated from意为“起源于”;incorporated with意为“与……合并”。根据题意,选项[A]为正确答案。
10. I am not ______ with my roommate but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere else to live.
11. At first, the ______ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.
17. The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs ______ it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.
A.renders
B.reckons
C.regards
D.relates
A B C D
A
[解析] 本题为形近动词辨析题。 [词义辨析] render意为“使得”;reckon意为“认为;测算;指望”;regard意为“认为,看作”;relate意为“相关;讲述”。本题中render it impossible to do something为常用结构,意为“使得做某事成为不可能”,故[A]为正确答案。
18. To impress a future employer, One should dress neatly, be ______ , and display interest in the job.
Part Ⅱ Cloze Test Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B] , [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.
If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain 1 consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family 2 he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 3 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 4 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 5 the soil. He may also need money to construct irrigation 6 and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 7 . He must either sell some of his property or 8 extra funds in the form of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low 9 of interest, but loans of this kind are not 10 obtainable.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Directions: Each of the passage below is followed by some questions. For each question, there are foist answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.
Passage 1 A history of long effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the Untied States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industrial unparalleled economies of scale. Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed. It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid - 1980% Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG electronics in July.) Foreign - made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. America's machine - tool industry was on the ropes. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty. All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. Tile mid - 1980s brought one inquiry after another into the cause of America's industrial decline. Their sometimes sensational findings were filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas. How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yield to blind pride. "American industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learned to be more quick - witted. "According to Richard Cavanaugh, executive dean of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. "It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our business are improving their productivity." Says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute, a think - tank in Washington, DC. And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School believes that people will look hack on this period as "a golden age of business management in the United States."
1. The U.S. achieved its predominance after World War Ⅱ because ______.
A.it had made painstaking effort towards this goal
B.its domestic market was eight times larger than before
C.the war had destroyed the economies of most potential competitors
D.the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy
Passage 2 Being a man has always been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70 - year - olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal of male mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, another chance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby (particularly a boy baby) surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram too light or too heavy means almost certain death. Today it makes almost no difference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent of evolution has gone. There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as iii the past. Except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays the number of births , like the age of death , has become average. Most of us have roughly the same number of offspring, Again, differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished. India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the great cities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity of today -- everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring -- means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper- middle class India compared to the tribes. For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological Utopia has arrived. Strangely, it has involved little physical change. No other species fills so many places in nature. But in the past 100,000 years -- even the past 100 years -- our lives have been transformed but our bodies have not. We did not evolve, because machines and society did it for us. Dar win had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: they "look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension." No doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyond comprehension for its ugliness. But however amazed our descendants may be at how far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us.
1. What used to be the danger in being a man according to the first paragraph?
Passage 3 When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be -- even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right--it can hardly be classed as Literature. This, in brief, is what the futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts, and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modem press. We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored ink on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will. Certainly their description of battles are confused, But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian on a bridge off which they both fall into the river -- and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: ' Pluff! Huff! A hundred and eighty - five kilograms.' This, though it fills the law and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature. All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?
Passage 4 Aimlessness has hardly been typical of the postwar Japan whose productivity and social harmony are the envy of the United States and Europe. But increasingly the Japanese are seeing a decline of the traditional work moral values. Ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being, but now Japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people don't know where they should go next. The coming of age of postwar baby boron anti an entry of women into the male - dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. In a recent survey, it was found that only 24.5 percent of Japanese students were fully satisfied with school life, compared with 67.2 percent of students in the United States. In addition, far more Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed. While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self - expression. "Those things that don't show up in the test scores -- personality, ability, courage or humanity -- are completely ignored, "says Toshiki Kaifu, chairman of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party's education committee. "Frustration against this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild." Last year Japan experienced 2,125 incidence of school violence, including 929 assaults on teachers. Amid the outcry, many conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar emphasis on moral education. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War Ⅱ had weakened the "Japanese morality of respect for parents." But that may have more to do with Japanese life - styles. "In Japan," says educator Yoko Mum," it's never a question of whether you enjoy your job and your life, but only how much you can endure." With economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of Japan's 119 million citizens live in dries where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two - generation house, holds. Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commute (travel to and from work) and crowed living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell. In the past decade, the Japanese divorce rate, while still below that of the United States, has increased by 50 per cent, and suicides have increased by nearly one- quarter.
1. In the westerner's eyes, the postwar Japan was ______.
Passage 5 If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition -- wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny -- must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf, If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have given up an ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition -- if not always their own then that of their parents and grand parents. There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped -- with the educated themselves riding on them. Certainly people don't seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs -- the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items don't seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, "Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious." The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This doesn't mean that ambition is an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly. Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.
1. It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if ______.
Part Ⅳ English - Chinese Translation Directions: Read the following passages and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese which should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ.
Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of the people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community. 71. Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. 72. Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country's economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. It also means that the government increasingly compelled to interfere in these sectors in order to set up production and ensure that it is utilized to the best advantage. For ex ample, they may encourage research in various ways, including the setting up of their own research centers; they may alter the structure of education, or interfere in order to reduce the wastage of natural resources or tap resources hitherto unexploited; or they may or they may co -operate directly in the growing number of international projects related to science, economics and industry. In any case, all such interventions are heavily dependent on scientific advice and also scientific and technological manpower of all kinds. 73. Owing to the remarkable development in mass communications, people everywhere arc feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideals, while governments are forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above. At the same time, the normal rate of social change throughout the world is taking place at a vastly accelerated speed compared with the past. For example ,74. in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization -- with all the far - reaching changes in social patterns that followed -- was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community and consequently presents serious problems for the government concerned. 75. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration move meats--themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. As a result of these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect.
Part Ⅴ Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 40 minutes to write a composition according to the pictures, Your composition should be no less than 150 words. You must base your composition on the following instructions.
1. A. Study the following two pictures carefully and write an essay of at least 150 words. B. Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ. C. Your essay should meet the requirements below. 1. Describe the pictures. 2. Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures. 3. Suggest counter - measures. A Brief History of World Commercial Fishing
[参考范文] A Brief History of World Commercial Fishing The two pictures tell us that during the 20th century the in crease of advanced commercial fishing resulted in a sharp decrease of fish. With only a few simple sailing vessels fishing in 1900,there were plenty of fish. But until 1995 with more advanced commercial fishing ships doing ,fish remained much less. If such a case goes on, then fish is to be extinct from the world and we will have none to eat in no time. Studying further, we will obtain more beyond the two pictures. First, all natural resources such as fish are limited. Second, even with modern science and technology, man should not overuse the natural resources just for enormous private interests. Last but not least, protecting natural resources has become one of our immediate key tasks now. In my opinion, many ways can be found and fishprotecting carried out if we are determined. For example, the commercial fishing should be confined by law to certain species in certain areas and seasons while fish must be raised. Otherwise, the fishers will be fined, confiscated or put into prison. With all countries contributing as much to the protection of natural resources, man can have adequate natural resources to use permanently.