Part Ⅱ Cloze Humans are the only species known to have consciousness, awareness that we have brains and bodies 1 adaptability that we can affect the course our lives take, that we can make choices 2 that vastly affect the quality of our lives—biologically, intellectually, environmentally, and spiritually. As humans, we have the ability to mold our 3 beings to become what or who we wish to become. While some of us may, 4 , have genetic and biological imperatives that may require medication or training to overcome, or at least to modulate, the vast majority of us do, in fact, hold our emotional 5 in our hands. All that 6 , until the last decade, scientists believed that the human brain and its connections were formed during gestation and infancy and remained 7 unchanged through childhood. They believed that humans had a given number of neurons in a specific brain structure, and 8 the number might vary among people, once you were done with childhood development, you were set in this 9 . Your connections were already made, and the learning and growing period of your brain was over. In the last decade, however, researchers have found 10 evidence that this is not so, and that something called neuroplasticity continues throughout our lives.
[解析] 根据选项可知,本题考查句意和词组。“...that we can make choices ______ that vastly affect the quality of our lives...”的大意是“这种意识能让我们做出当下对自己生活产生重大影响的决策”。in the event“在某个事件上”,in an attempt“尝试”,at the moment“当下”,along the way“沿途”。根据题意,D为最佳选项。
[解析] 本题考查非谓语动词和习惯说法。该句的主谓结构为scientists believe,因此all that后的谓语动词应该相应变成非谓语结构。纵观四个选项,只有B符合要求。all that being said是独立主格结构,充当状语,意思是“综上所述”。
7.
A.more or less
B.pretty much
C.as ever
D.if any
A B C D
B
[解析] more or less“或多或少”,pretty much“十分,非常”,as ever“和以往一样”,if any“即使有的话也……”。该句的下文说,科学家们认为一旦人脑成型,神经元便会保持稳定。由此信息便可回溯到空格中应该为pretty much unchanged,意思是“保持高度稳定”。
8.
A.while
B.despite
C.nevertheless
D.since
A B C D
A
[解析] 本题考查逻辑关系。while放在句首,表示让步,放在句中表示对比;despite“尽管”,表示让步,后面连接的是that从句;nevertheless“然而”,表示转折,放在句中时往往用标点隔开;since“因为,既然”,表示因果。“They believed that humans had a given number of neurons in a specific brain structure”讲道,科学家们相信在人类某个大脑结构中存在一定数量的神经元。and后的句子中含有两个信息的缺失,需要我们找到语义线索来确定逻辑关系。vary“变化”,done with childhood development“童年发展完成”,be set“定型”,有以上三个重点线索可知,这里的逻辑关系应该为“虽然……变化,但是一旦完成童年发展,你就会……成型”。因此这里应该选择表示“尽管”的连词。因引导句子,故while是正确答案。
9.
A.case
B.mold
C.sense
D.condition
A B C D
B
[解析] 该句的意思是“一旦儿童发展阶段完成,大脑便会成型”。in the mold是正确答案。in this case“这种情况”,in this sense“在这个意义上”,in this mold“以这种形式”,in this condition“在这种条件下”。
America is changing its eating habits. Though medical evidence mounts that we are 11 what we eat, consuming a healthier diet has become almost a national passion in the United States. The food-for- fitness phenomenon began in the late 70's when a U.S. Senate committee 12 the conclusion that six out of ten leading causes of death such as heart disease and cancer might 13 diet. The government issued dietary guidelines 14 Americans to eat a variety of food, maintain proper weight, and limit intake of fat, salt, and sugar. For most Americans, what to eat is a matter of personal choice, 15 one of supply. An excellent nationwide food distribution system assures that fresh 16 is readily available in all parts of the country, 17 the season. Taking advantage of this abundance, many people are forsaking traditional meat-and- potatoes fare 18 lighter meals of salads, fruits, and vegetables. One of the most significant trends in the American way of eating is the healthful change in restaurant food. One of 19 two meals in the United States is eaten outside the home. Restaurants are making special efforts to provide low-fat, low-salt, and low-calorie items. Saladbars, 20 with fresh greens and raw fruits and vegetables, are found everywhere.