Cloze The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7~8 hours'sleep alternation with some 16~17 hours' wakefulness and that the sleep normally coincides 1 the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this 2 can be modified. The question is no mere academic one. The ease with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a 3 of growing importance in industry where automation 4 round-the-clock working of machines. It normally 5 form five days to one week for a person to adapt to a 6 routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. 7 , it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine 8 he has to change to another, 9 much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very 10 . One answer would seem to be 11 periods on each shift, a month, or even three months. 12 recent research has shown that people on such systems will revert to go back to their 13 habits to sleep and wakefulness during the weekend and that this is quite enough to destroy any 14 to night work built up during the week. The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to those permanent night workers whose 15 may persist through all weekends and holidays.
1.
A.in
B.with
C.of
D.over
A B C D
B
[解析] 此处应选择B。此处指的是“睡眠常在夜间进行”。coincide with意为“与……一致,符合,暗合”。例如:My opinion coincides with his.我的意见跟他的一致。
[解析] 此处应选择B。此句话的意思是:不幸的是,在制造业,每周都会倒班。四个选项的意思是:therefore因此;unfortunately不幸的是;in a word总之;in comparison相比之下,比较起来。
8.
A.as
B.when
C.then
D.than
A B C D
D
[解析] 此处应该选择D。此句话的意思是:刚适应一个规则,就又要改变去适应另一个规则。no sooner...than..意为“一……就……”,常放在句首,表示强调,这时主句要倒装。例如:No sooner had he returned than he bought a house.他一回来就买了一套房子。
The ordinary family colonial North America was primarily concerned with sheer physical survival and beyond that, its own economic prosperity. Thus children were 16 in terms of their productivity, and they 17 the role of producer quite early. 18 they fulfilled this role, their position in the structure of the family was one of 19 , and their psychological needs and capacities received 20 consideration. 21 the society becomes more complex, the 22 of children in the family and in the society becomes more important. In the complex, technological society that the United States has become, each member must fulfill a number of 23 and occupational roles and be in 24 contact with a great many other members. Consequently, viewing children as 25 acceptable and necessarily multifaceted members of society means that they are 26 more as people in their own right than as utilitarian organisms. This acceptance of children as 27 participants in the contemporary family is 28 in the variety of statutes protecting the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs 29 exclusively to their well-being. This new view of children and the increasing contact between the members of society has also 30 in a surge of interest in child-rearing techniques. People today spend a considerable portion of their time conferring 31 the proper way to bring up children. It is now possible to 32 the details of the socialization of another person's child by spreading the gospel of current and fashionable theories and methods of child rearing. The socialization of the contemporary child in the United States is a two-way transaction between parents and children 33 a one-way, parent-to-child training programs. As a consequence, socializing children and living with them over a long 34 of time is for parents a mixture of 35 , satisfaction, and problems.
[解析] result in表示“导致;结果是”。根据文章一致性原则,result in与下文中的as a consequence形成呼应。而B项involve in“卷入;陷入”,C项catch on“理解,明白”,catch up with为“追上,赶上”,D项immerse in“沉浸在;浸没”均不符合题意。
31.
A.with
B.on
C.in
D.to
A B C D
B
[解析] confer with sb. on/over/about sth.表示“就某事和某人商议”。本题考查词语搭配。根据原文意思:“今天,人们花费大量的时间去商议教育孩子的正确方法”,所以选择confer on。而选项A、C、D均不构成此搭配,不符合题意。
32.
A.influence
B.impress
C.effect
D.restrain
A B C D
A
[解析] influence多指对某人的思想、行为、性格等产生的潜移默化的、使之逐渐改变的“影响”,根据原文中的the gospel of current and fashionable theories and methods,所以选择influence。而B项impress on“印,盖印;留下印象,引人注目”,C项effect“产生,招致”,D项restrain是正式用词,“强调以力量控制住某人,使其无法采取某种行动或阻止某事的发生”均不符合题意。
33.
A.rather than
B.other than
C.less than
D.better than
A B C D
A
[解析] rather than表示“而不”。根据原文,上句提到two-way,而下文却提到one-way,两者之间是一种对比,表示“是……而不是……”。而B项other than“除了;与……不同”,C项less than“比……更少”,D项better than“比……更好”均不符合题意。
34.
A.company
B.period
C.range
D.extension
A B C D
B
[解析] a period of表示“……时间”。本题考查词组搭配。根据原文,a long period of与time搭配表示很长的一段时期。而A项company“(一)群,(一)队,(一)伙”,C项a range of“一系列;……的范围”,D项extension主要指在范围、长度、时间等方面的“增加、延伸”均不符合题意。