Use of English Laptops in the classroom enhance the academic performance of students. They do in fact allow students to do more, like engage in online activities and demonstrations, 1 more easily on papers and projects, access information from the Internet. 2 , because students can type 3 faster than they can write, those who use laptops in the classroom tend to take more notes. Obviously it is 4 to draft more complete notes that precisely capture the course content. 5 , a new research demonstrates that students, writing out their notes on paper, actually learn more because they have a stronger conceptual 6 . Across some experiments, taking notes by hand requires different types of cognitive processing, and these different processes have 7 for learning. Writing by hand is slower and more 8 than typing, and students cannot possibly write down every word in a lecture. 9 , they listen, digest, and 10 so that they can capture the 11 of the information. Thus, taking notes by hand forces the brain to engage in some heavy "mental 12 ," and these efforts foster comprehension and retention. 13 , when typing students can easily produce a written record of the lecture without processing its meaning, 14 faster typing speeds allow students to 15 a lecture word for word without devoting much thought to the content. 16 altering students' cognitive processes and reducing learning, laptops pose other 17 in the classroom. In most typical college settings, Internet access is 18 , and evidence suggests that when college students use laptops, they spend 40% of class time using applications 19 to coursework and are distracted for half the class. They are more likely to 20 up task and less satisfied with their education.
Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 21 should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 22 , most people make several job choices during their working lives, 23 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve 24 position. The "one perfect job" does not exist. Young people should 25 enter into a broad flexible training program that will 26 them for a field of work rather than for a single 27 . Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 28 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 29 about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 30 . Some drift from job to job. Others 31 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted. One common mistake is choosing an occupation for 32 real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students—or their parents for them—choose the professional field, 33 both the relatively small proportion of work vacancies in the professions but the extremely high educational and personal 34 . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a "white-collar" job is 35 good reason for choosing it as life's work. 36 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the 37 of young people should give serious 38 to these fields. Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 39 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security; others are willing to take 40 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.
[解析] 本填空考查上下文逻辑关系。上文的已知信息为:The "one perfect job" does not exist. (“完美的工作”是不存在的);而下文信息:Young people should ______ enter into a broad flexible training program(年轻人应该参加更为广泛的培训);再结合前文的信息:Actually, ______, most people make several job choices during their working lives(实际上,大多数人一生中都会换几份不同的工作)。此处上下文的逻辑关系应该为因果关系:因为不存在一个确定的完美工作,暗示我们实际上会在不同工作之间进行选择,所以年轻人应该参加更为广泛的培训。四个选项中只有选项B项therefore表达因果关系,因此答案为选项B项therefore。
26.
A.make
B.fit
C.take
D.leave
A B C D
B
[解析] 本填空考查动词,这个动词的意义需要结合上下文的意思才可以确定。首先此动词的主语即定语从句关系代词that,其先行词为training program,动词之后的原文为:them for a field of work。这里参加training program的目的就是为了训练承担以后的工作,因此四个选项中选项B项fit(使适合)表达的意思最为贴切。其他选项意思上均有偏差,所以答案为选项B项fit。
首先,Some...Others的句子结构包含的是标准的对比关系。因此,与本填空对称的已知动词就是drift(流浪、游荡),drift from job to job表示的是“从一个工作跳到另一个工作”。本空需要填入一个与drift对称的动词,而且其意义与drift具有对比关系;据此分析,可以确定选项C项stick最合适,stick to恰恰表达的是“坚持、坚守”的意思。
[解析] 本填空选择一个分词,这个分词动作也是本句子的主语Too many high-school students—or their parents for them做出的,因此要重点分析此分词动作的宾语,即both the relatively small proportion of work vacancies in the professions but the extremely high educational and personal ______(这些职业领域工作机会相对较少而对教育和个人能力要求极高)。而作为本段中心主线的首句One common mistake is choosing an occupation for ______ real or imagined prestige. 已经明确概括了本段的主题是谈论“One common mistake”,即选择职业的常见错误。本填空之前的动词为choose the professional field,根据这些综合信息,不难判断出此处动词应该表达的是“忽视了这些职业领域工作机会相对较少而对教育和个人能力要求极高”,因此答案为选项D项disregarding,其他选项均不符合。
34.
A.preferences
B.requirements
C.tendencies
D.ambitions
A B C D
B
[解析] 本填空选择名词。分析本填空所在句子的原文:both the relatively small proportion of work vacancies in the professions but the extremely high educational and personal ______.也就是说这个句子本身结构对称,应用对应成分分析法来分析but两边的对称信息,即前面强调的是相对少的工作机会(relatively small proportion of work vacancies),而后面则强调相反的概念,即极其高的教育和个人……(extremely high educational and personal ______)。分析出了这个对应关系,再去四个选项中定位就容易多了,选项A项preferences(偏好、喜好)、B项requirements(要求)、C项tendencies(趋势)和D项ambitions(野心)中,显然只有B项requirements的意思最为合适,即“极其高的教育和个人能力要求”,这里requirements表达的是一个客观条件,所以答案为选项B项requirements。
35.
A.a
B.any
C.no
D.the
A B C D
C
[解析] 本填空的关键提示线索是原文信息的主线,四个选项表达出的意思是完全相反的,选项A项a、B项any和D项the表达的是肯定的概念,而选项C项no表达的是否定的概念。其实这个主题倾向很好定位,因为作为本段总述句的首句已经明确表示了:One common mistake is choosing an occupation for ______ real or imagined prestige. 而本填空所在的句子完全是对首句的复现,因此答案只能为选项C项no。
36.
A.Therefore
B.However
C.Nevertheless
D.Moreover
A B C D
D
[解析] 本填空考查上下文逻辑关系。本填空的上文信息:一个职业的声誉或者白领工作并不能成为选择其作为终生职业的理由。下文信息为:这些工作通常并不都是高薪(these occupations are not always well paid)。上下文明显是递进关系,答案为D项Moreover。
37.
A.majority
B.mass
C.minority
D.multitude
A B C D
A
[解析] 本填空考查惯用搭配,the majority of表示“大部分”,答案为选项A项。
38.
A.proposal
B.suggestion
C.consideration
D.appraisal
A B C D
C
[解析] 本填空考查名词的选择。只要理解本句的意思就能很好定位答案,因为首先本填空所在的句子与前面的甸子有因果关系,即Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work(由于大量的工作机会是在机械和体力劳动领域)。而本填空之后的提示线索为these fields,指代的就是上文信息中提及的这些领域。根据这个逻辑关系也能猜测出本填空所在句子的意思应该为:大多数的年轻人应当认真考虑这些领域。四个选项中,A项proposal(建议)、B项suggestion(建议)和D项appraisal(评估)意义均不合适,只有选项C项consideration(关注、考虑)是符合的,答案为选项C项consideration。
39.
A.towards
B.against
C.out of
D.without
A B C D
C
[解析] 本填空的两边分布着这样的已知信息:what he wants(他想得到的)和life(生活)。选项C项out of表达的意思为“从……中”,这个介词词组填入本空可以很好地衔接两边的信息,即“想从生活中得到的”。其他三个介词填入本空意思均不通。