Section ADirections: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet. Section BDirections: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet. Section ADirections:Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.1. Biodiversity refers to all the forms of life on Earth. Due to intensive farming and universal pesticide use, the huge global biodiversity losses promise a crisis surpassing climate change. Biodiversity is comprised of several levels ranging from genes to entire ecosystems. Biodiversity represents the knowledge acquired by evolving species over millions of years about how to survive through the vastly varying environmental conditions Earth has experienced. The accelerated extinction of wildlife has raised worldwide concerns, but governments are reluctant to sacrifice short-term economic goals to address the longer-term environmental challenge to biodiversity. Specialists in conservation have come to understand the magnitude of the loss, but for the public at large, it is simply not on the radar.
生物多样性指的是地球上所有的生命形式。由于农业精工细作和农药的广泛使用,全球生物多样性蒙受了巨大损失,引发的危机可能超过气候变化。生物多样性分几个层次,最低的是基因,最高的是整个生态系统。地球的环境条件发生了巨大变化,几百万年以来,演化过程中的动物一直在学习如何在这些条件下生存,生物多样性代表了这些物种的知识水平。野生动物灭绝的加速已经引起全球的担忧,但各国政府不愿意为处理生物多样性面临的长期环境挑战而牺牲短期的经济目标。从事动物保护的专家们已经意识到损失的严重程度,但普通大众根本没有这种意识。
[解析] 英译汉难点说明:
1.intensive reading翻译为“精读”,但intensive farming不宜翻译为“精农”,而是“农业的精耕细作”。
2.第二句中的surpassing和第三句中的ranging均是现在分词充当定语。
3.第四句比较长,可能不容易理解。其中acquired by evolving species是定语,修饰前面的the knowledge,意义为“演化的物种所获得的知识”,后面about how to survive...也是修饰the knowledge,说明“知识”与“生存”有关。主动结构acquire the knowledge about...或许更容易理解。...survive through...conditions的意义是“在……条件下生存”,后面的Earth has experienced是定语从句,修饰conditions。
4.动词address经常与challengs, conflicts, issues或poverty等词连用,表示“处理” 或“解决”。
5.名词conservation的意义比较复杂,water conservation是“节约用水”,wildlife conservation是“野生动物保护”。
6.学生对于on the radar可能陌生,但可以猜其含义。“不在雷达上”就是“没察觉”或“没意识到”。
Section BDirections: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the proper space on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.1. 暑假快要到了,学生们面临不同的选择。不论你决定出游还是做些研究,重要的是考虑到父母的想法。他们急于看到你本人,这种心情是无法用语言表达的。你突然出现在家中肯定使他们感到惊喜。父母的最大愿望是有个自己感到骄傲的孩子。
Summer vacation is drawing near, so students are facing different options. Whether you have decided to make a trip or do some research, what counts is to take into consideration (account) what's in your parents' mind. Their eagerness to see you in person is beyond words. Your sudden presence at home will undoubtedly be a pleasant surprise to them. The biggest hope for them is to have a child they can feel proud of.
[解析] 汉译英难点说明:
1.英语中常用draw near这个结构的进行时表示某个时刻的来临。
2.很多学生习惯于用face with翻译“面临”,如we face with many challenges,这是错误用法,正确的表达方式包括face, be faced with或be confronted with。
3.翻译“不论你……还是……”时,只需whether,用不着no matter。
4.翻译“重要的是……”有很多方式。人们最熟悉的是it is important to do...,也可用what counts is...或what matters is...。
5.我们经常用physical presence表示“亲自出席”或“到场”。
6.通常用a pleasant surprise表示“惊喜”。
7.表示“对……感到骄傲”可用be proud of, take pride in或pride oneself on。