Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. Harlan Coben believed that if you are a writer, you will find the time; and that if you can't find the time, then writing isn't a priority and you're not a writer. For him, writing is a 1 job—a job is like any other. He has 2 it with plumbing, pointing out that plumber doesn't wake up and say that he can't work with pipes today. 3 , like most writers these days, you're holding down a job to pay the bills, it's not 4 to find the time to write. But it is not impossible. It requires determination and single-mindedness. 5 that most bestselling authors began writing who are fairly 6 often have to do other work to 7 their writing income. As Harlan Coben suggested, it's a 8 of priorities. You have to 9 some of your day-to-day activities and some things you really enjoy. Depending on your 10 and your lifestyle that may mean spending less time watching television or listening to music, though some people can write it 11 they listen to music. You might have to 12 the amount of exercise or sports you do. You'll have to make social media an 13 activity rather than a daily, time-consuming 14 . There'll probably have to be less socializing with your friends and less time with your family. It's a 15 learning curve, and it won't always make you popular. There's just one thing you should try to keep at least sometime for, 16 your writing and that's reading. Any writer needs to read as made and as widely as they can, it's the one 17 supporter something you can't do without. Time is finite. The older you get, the 18 it seems to go. We need to use it so carefully and as 19 as we can, that means prioritizing our activities so that we spend most time on the things we really want to do. If you are a writer, that means— 20 —writing.
1.
A.difficult
B.normal
C.steady
D.pleasant
A B C D
B
[解析] 本题根据文中writing is a ______ job—a job is like any other,另外破折号为解释说明作用可知,job的修饰性形容词应符合like any other(像其他的任何工作一样),四个选项中只有B项normal(正常的)符合like any other特性。 选项A的difficult意为“困难的”;选项C的steady意为“稳定的”;选项D的pleasant意为“愉悦的”,均与原文语义不符,故均被排除。
[解析] 本空所填写的逻辑关联词用来连接“you're holding down a job to pay the bills”与后文“it's not ______ to find the time to write.”之间的逻辑关系,根据语义可以判断,前一句是后一句构成的条件,因此选择if。 选项B的though意为“尽管”,用来连接让步逻辑关系,而本文中的两个句子并不存在相反的逻辑,因此排除B选项。选项C的once作副词意为“曾经,一旦”,原文中并没有提到与“过去”或者“假设”的相关语义,因此排除该选项。选项D的unless意为“除非”,该词不符合本句的语义关系,故排除。
[解析] 本题空格位于第二段的第三句,需要填写一个动词与后文的宾语从句that most bestselling authors began writing often have to do other work形成动宾搭配,结合前文”如果你要保住一份用于支付一些账单的工作,那么找时间写作就没那么容易了”,此处想要表明就算是畅销书的作家在写作时也需要做其他的工作来缓解收入上的问题。结合四个选项的含义,只有选项C的Remember“记住,回忆”最为合适,代入原文,意为“要记住畅销书作家也需要做其他的工作来 一他们写作的收入。” 选项A的Accept意为“接受”,选项B的Explain意为“解释”,选项D的Suppose意为“假设”,将三个选项代入原文意为“接受/解释/假设畅销书作家也需要做其他的工作来______他们写作的收入。”语意不通,故排除。
6.
A.well-known
B.well-advised
C.well-informed
D.well-chosen
A B C D
A
[解析] 空格所填词位于本句话中的定语从句的部分内容,定语从句“who are fairly ______”用于修饰名词most bestselling authors,意为“那些非常____的畅销书作家”,结合most bestselling可见,这些作家较为著名,因此选择选项A的well-known“著名的”。 选项B的well-advised意为“明智的”,选项C的well-informed意为“消息灵通的,见多识广的”,D项的well-chosen意为“精心挑选的”,将三个选项代入原文,意为“就算是那些明智的/消息灵通的/精心挑选的作家在写书的时候也要做另一份工作”,这些词与畅销书作家搭配不当,且不符合上下文语意,故排除。
[解析] 依旧根据rather than对立逻辑词进行含义的筛选,rather前social media an occasional activity,说明than后time-consuming修饰的名词也应为同一类名词含义,遵循内容相同,态度相反原则,即同activity的含义相似,因此选择habit习惯。 B项的test测试,C项的decision决定和D项的plan计划,都不能用time-consuming来修饰,同时含义与activity相差太大,故删去。
[解析] 本题空格谓语名词之前,所填选项为形容词,与supporter搭配。后文同位语解释说明“something you can't do without.”,根据句意可选答案A项“indispensable”,表示阅读对于作家来说不可缺少的。 选项B的innovative意为创新的;C项的invisible意为不可见的;D项的instant立刻的,马上的。分析前文不难发现,整段中作者想要表达的是阅读对于作家来说的不可缺少的,因此三个选项与原文意思不符,故排除。
Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D.
Text 1 On a recent sunny day, 13,000 chickens roam over Larry Brown's 40 windswept acres in Shiner, Texas. Some rest in the shade of a parked car. Others drink water with the cows. This all seems random, but it's by design, part of what the $6.1 billion U.S. egg industry bets will be its next big thing: climate-friendly eggs. These eggs, which are making their debut now on shelves for as much as $8 a dozen, are still labeled organic and animal-friendly, but they're also from birds that live on farms using regenerative agriculture—special techniques to cultivate rich soils that can trap greenhouse gases. Such eggs could be marketed as helping to fight climate change. "I'm excited about our progress," says Brown, who harvests eggs for Denver-based NestFresh Eggs and is adding more cover crops that draw worms and crickets for the chickens to eat. The birds' waste then fertilizes fields. Such improvements "allow our hens to forage for higher-quality natural feed that will be good for the land, the hens, and the eggs that we supply to our customers." The egg industry's push is the first major test of whether animal products from regenerative farms can become the next premium offering. In barely more than a decade, organic eggs went from being dismissed as a niche product in natural foods stores to being sold at Walmart. More recently there were similar doubts about probiotics and plant-based meats, but both have exploded into major supermarket categories. If the sustainable-egg rollout is successful, it could open the floodgates for regenerative beef, broccoli, and beyond. Regenerative products could be a hard sell, because the concept is tough to define quickly, says Julie Stanton, associate professor of agricultural economics at Pennsylvania State University Brandywine. Such farming also brings minimal, if any, improvement to the food products (though some producers say their eggs have more protein). The industry is betting that the same consumers paying more for premium attributes such as free-range, non-GMO, and pasture-raised eggs will embrace sustainability. Surveys show that younger generations are more concerned about climate change, and some of the success of plant-based meat can be chalked up to shoppers wanting to signal their desire to protect the environment. Young adults "really care about the planet," says John Brunnquell, president of Egg Innovations. "They are absolutely altering the food chain beyond what I think even they understand what they're doing."
1. The climate-friendly eggs are produced ______.
A.at a considerably low cost
B.at the demand of regular shoppers
C.as a replacement for organic egg
D.on specially designed farms
A B C D
D
[解析] 由题目中的关键词climate-friendly eggs和题文同序原则,可定位至第一段第四句④This all seems random, but it's by design, part of what the $6.1 billion U.S. egg industry bets will be its next big thing: climate-friendly eggs.(这一切似乎是随机的,但这是设计使然,价值61亿美元的美国鸡蛋行业押注下一件大事:气候友好型鸡蛋。)和第二段第一句①This all seems random, but it's by design, part of what the $6.1 billion U.S. egg industry bets will be its next big thing: climate-friendly eggs.(这些鸡蛋现在以高达8美元一打的价格首次上架,仍然贴着有机和动物友好的标签,但它们也来自使用再生农业的农场生活的鸟类-培育肥沃土壤的特殊技术可以捕获温室气体。)对比四个选项,可得知,选项D的on specially designed farms(在特殊设计的农场)是对定位句④中but it's by design(它是被设计的)的同义转述,故选项D为正确选项。 本题的强干扰选项为选项C。选项C中的organic egg(有机蛋)虽然在定位句有所提及,但是选项C中的replacement(替代品)在原文并未提及,属于无中生有,因此排除选项C。选项A中的low cost(低成本)和选项B中的demand of regular shoppers(普通购物者的需求)在本段均未提及。
2. Larry Brown is excited about his program in ______.
A.reducing the damage of worms.
B.accelerating the disposal of waste.
C.creating a sustainable system.
D.attracting customers to his products.
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据题干中的关键词Larry Brown is excited和题文同序原则回文定位于第三段句①"I'm excited about our progress," says Brown, (我对我们的进展感到兴奋,布朗先生说道。)和句②和句③中的(鸟类的粪便会成为土壤的肥料) The birds' waste then fertilizes fields. Such improvements "allow our hens to forage for higher-quality natural feed that will be good for the land, the hens, and the eggs that we supply to our cust omers.”(这样的改进“使我们的母鸡能够寻找到更高质量的天然饲料,对土地、母鸡和我们供应给客户的鸡蛋都有好处。”)从而对比四个选项可知,选项C的creating a sustainable system.(创造一个可持续的系统)是对定位区域中句②The birds' waste then fertilizes fields.(鸟类的粪便会成为土壤的肥料)的概括总结。 本题的强干扰选项为A,句①中虽有提到原单词worms,语义为“增加更多的覆盖植被来吸引蠕虫和蟋蟀给鸡吃”,但并未提及选项中的“寄生虫的破坏”这一问题,与原文语义表达不符。B选项语义“为加快垃圾的处理”,文中未提及“加快”这一信息,故可排除。D选项中吸引消费者购买产品,文中未提及,可排除。
3. The example of organic eggs is used in paragraph 4 to suggest_______.
A.the doubts over natural foods
B.the setbacks in the egg industry
C.the potential of regenerate products
D.the promotional success of supermarket
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据题干中的关键词organic eggs, is used to suggest可知,此题为例证题,根据organic eggs回文定位于第4段第2句In barely more than a decade, organic eggs went from being dismissed as a niche product in natural foods stores to being sold at Walmart. 例子是为了证明论点,所以答案应该看第1句The egg industry's push is the first major test of whether animal products from regenerative farms can become the next premium offering。根据第一句可知,鸡蛋行业推广有机蛋是为了看看来自再生农场的动物产品是否会成为下一款高端产品。对比选项可知,选项C.the potential of regenerate products(可再生产品的潜力)跟观点最一致。 本题的强干扰选项为A,但是A中的natural food范围太大,原文中只是说“测试来自可再生农场的产品”;B中提到的鸡蛋行业的挫败是例子中的内容,并非论点的内容,故排除;D是根据原文中提到了沃尔玛和supermarket,但是并没有说超市促销的成功,因此也排除。
4. It can be learned from the last paragraph that young people_______.
A.are reluctant to change their diet
B.are likely to buy climate-friendly eggs
C.are curious about new foods
D.are amazed at agricultural advances
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据题干信息last paragraph和young people可以定位到最后一段的2-4句,第2句直接表明了年轻人更关心气候变化( concerned about climate change),并且购物者想要保护环境(shoppers wanting to signal their desire to protect the environment)。后面的3-4句也可以得出答案,年轻人关心地球(Young adults“really care about the planet),他们会改变他们的食物链(They are absolutely altering the food chain)。由此可知,这道题的答案B更可能买环境友好型的鸡蛋为正确答案。 A选项正好和本段最后一句话相反,文中说的是年轻人会改变食物链,而选项的意思为不愿意改变饮食,故A为错误答案。C选项在文中找不到,未提及新食物,也未说年轻人对新食物充满好奇。D选项在文中也找不到,未提及农业的发展,更没说年轻人吃惊于农业的发展。
5. John Brunnquell would disagree with Julie Stanton over regenerative products'_______.
A.market prospects
B.nutritional value
C.standard definition
D.moral implications
A B C D
A
[解析] 题目问John Brunnquell就再生产产品的哪方面,跟Julie Stanton的观点不同。由于上题已经考察了最后一段,所以词题确有题文不同序的嫌疑,但好在两个人名非常便于我们定位,可以锁定在最后两个自然段中。第五段第一句Julie Stanton就表示再生产品是很难推销的(Regenerative products could be a hard sell),对此并不看好。而六段中,John Brunnquell表示年轻人是“真的很关心”我们赖以生存的地球,并且用自己的行动正在改变这地球食物链,就如选择植物性肉类一样,他们的决心和行为之坚定超乎我们的想象,未来的一切充满着希望。通过前后两段的对比,不难得出,他们对再生产品的市场前景存在截然相反的态度,故选A。 段五结尾处提到,一些商家称自己的自己富含更多的蛋白质,看似与B营养价值相关,但与该题无关,排除;五段第一句Julie Stanton坚信再生产品很难推销,是因我们很难快速定义其概念,仅是Julie单一的观点,与该题无关,C标准定义无论在题目契合度、还是标准这层含义上,均可排除;D道德含义,文中未提及,属于无中生有,故排除。
Text 2 More Americans are opting to work well into retirement, a growing trend that threatens to upend the old workforce model. One in three Americans who are at least 40 have or plan to have a job in retirement to prepare for a longer life, according to a survey conducted by Harris Poll for TD Ameritrade. Even more surprising is that more than half of "unretirees"—those who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring-said they would be employed in their later years even if they had enough money to settle down, the survey showed. Financial needs aren't the only culprit for the "unretirement" trend Other reasons, according to the study, include personal fulfillment such as staying mentally fit, preventing boredom or avoiding depression. "The concept of retirement is evolving," said Christine Russell, senior manager of retirement at TD Ameritrade. "It's not just about finances. The value of work is also driving folks to continue working past retirement." One reason for the change in retirement patterns: Americans are living longer. The share of the population 65 and older was 16% in 2018, up 3.2% from the prior year, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. That's also up 30.2% since 2010. Because of longer life spans, Americans are also boosting their savings to preserve their nest eggs, the TD Ameritrade study showed, which surveyed 2,000 adults between 40 to 79. Six in 10 "unretirees" are increasing their savings in anticipation of a longer life, according to the survey. Among the most popular ways they are doing this, the company said, is by reducing their overall expenses, securing life insurance or maximizing their contributions to retirement accounts. Unfortunately, many people who are opting to work in retirement are preparing to do so because they are worried about making ends meet in their later years, said Brent Weiss, a co-founder at Baltimore-based financial-planning firm Facet Wealth. He suggested that preretirees should speak with a financial adviser to set long-term financial goals. "The most challenging moments in life are getting married, starting a family and ultimately retiring," Weiss said. "It's not just a financial decision, but an emotional one. Many people believe they can't retire."
1. The study conducted by Harris Poll indicates that ______.
A.more than half retirees are physically fit for job
B.the old worker is as active as young people
C.one in three Americas want to retire earlier
D.more Americans are willing to work in retirement
A B C D
D
[解析] 由题目关键词study以及Harris Poll可定位到第二段,寻找哈里斯民意调查公司的研究结果。句①提到:One in three Americans who are at least 40 have or plan to have a job in retirement to prepare for a longer life, according to a survey conducted by Harris Poll for TD Ameritrade.(根据Harris Poll为TD Ameritrade进行的一项调查,三分之一的40岁以上的美国人已经或计划在退休后有一份工作,为更长的寿命做准备),其中a survey conducted by Harris Poll与题干关键词一致。原文信息对应于选项D的表述more Americans are willing to work in retirement(更多美国人愿意在退休后工作),more Americans(更多的美国人)对应于One in three Americans who are at least 40(三分之一的40岁以上的美国人),have or plan to have a job in retirement(已经或计划在退休后有一份工作)对应于are willing to work in retirement(愿意在退休后工作),故D为正确选项。 原文未提及选项A中的physically fit for job(身体状况适合工作);原文未提到身体相关的内容。选项B的the old work for is as active as young people(老年人和年轻人工作一样活跃),原文同样未提及未将两者进行比较;选项C认为三分之一的美国人愿意更早退休(earlier),与原文退休后仍然愿意工作不符。表达含义相反
2. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that Americans tend to think that ______.
A.retirement may cause problems for them
B.boredom can be relieved after retirement
C.the mental health of retirees is overlooked
D.unretirement contributes to the economy
A B C D
A
[解析] 由题目关键词paragraph 3以及Americans定位到第三段:Financial needs aren't the only culprit for the "unretirement" trend. Other reasons, according to the study, include personal fulfillment such as staying mentally fit, preventing boredom or avoiding depression. (经济金融需求并不是导致非退休趋势的唯一原因。根据这项研究,其他原因还包括个人成就感,如保持精神健康、防止无聊或避免抑郁。)也就是说,不退休有利于保持精神健康、防止无聊或避免抑郁,即退休可能会导致问题。选项A表述一致,故为正确答案。 第三段句②虽提到preventing boredom(防止无聊),但这是不退休的好处,也就是说退休会导致无聊,选项B的boredom can be relieved after retirement(退休后无聊感可以减轻)意思相反,故排除。第三段句②虽提到staying mentally fit(保持精神健康),但这是不退休的好处,也就是说不退休会利于精神健康,与选项C的the mental health of retirees is overlooked(退休人员的心理健康被忽视了)意思不符,故排除。第三段句①虽提到Financial needs(金融需求),但文章内容经济金融需求并不是导致非退休趋势的唯一原因,与选项D“unretirement”contributes to the economy(“非退休”对经济有贡献)意思不符,故排除。
3. Retirement patterns are changing partly due to ______.
A.labor shortages
B.population growth
C.longer life expectancy
D.rising living costs
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据题干Retirement patterns are changing partly due to可直接定位到第5段第1句One reason for the change in retirement patterns: Amencans are living longer.。题目问 due to______(由于______),原文定位句回答One reason for...:冒号后即为答案,Americans are living longer.(美国人活得更久了。)对应C选项longer life expectancy(更长的生命预期寿命)。 A选项labor shortages(劳动力短缺),原文中未提及,故A为错误答案。B选项population growth(人口增长),对应原文The share of the population 65 and older was 16% in 2018, up 3.2% from the prior year, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. That's also up 30.2% since 2010. (美国人口普查局(U.S. Census Bureau)的数据显示,2018年65岁及以上人口的比例为16%,比前一年上升了3.2%。自2010年以来,这一数字也上涨了30.2%。)说65岁以上人口比例上升,B选项说人口增长,偷换概念,B选项为错误答案。D选项rising living costs(上升的生活成本)原文中未提及,故D为错误答案。
4. Many "unretirees" are increasing their saving by ______.
A.increasing up in stocks
B.taking up odd jobs
C.getting well-paid work
D.spending less
A B C D
D
[解析] 题目问许多非退休人员正在增加他们的储蓄是通过(by)何种方式,由关键词unretirees和increasing their saving等不难定位至六段第二句话,Six in 10 "unretirees" are increasing their savings in anticipation of a longer life, according to the survey.当句话仅是关键词的信息复现,需在其前后继续寻找到底以何种方式。不难发现,第三句话恰好告诉我们最流行的几种方式,是通过reducing their overall expenses,缩减整体的花销用度,恰对应D选项;还可以获取人寿保险或最大化他们的退休账户缴款,在选项中并未提及,故选D最合适。 A项股票上涨(increasing up in stocks)B项打零工(taking up odd jobs)C项getting well-paid work(获取报酬优厚的工作)在文中均未提及,属于无中生有,故排除。
5. With regard to the retirement, Brent Weiss think that many people are ______.
A.unprepared
B.unafraid
C.disappointed
D.enthusiastic
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据题干信息Brent Weiss、retirement和many people可以定位到倒数第两段第一句。那些愿意在退休后继续工作的人担心在他们的晚年生活时仅仅只能维持收支平衡。(they are worried about making ends meet in their later years),由worried可知,态度呈现负面立场。另外,最后一段也可以得出“人们不愿意退休不仅是经济因素,还有情感因素,很多人认为他们不能退休。”这一句直接可以体现出他们不愿意接受退休这件事,答案,那些愿意在退休后继续工作的人担心在他们的晚年生活时仅仅只能收支相抵(they are worried about making ends meet in their later years),由worried可知,态度呈现负面立场,这道题的答案A项unprepared尚未准备好,符合文意为正确答案可以从两段内容中得出正是他们不退休的一个内在原因。 B选项unafraid不害怕的,D选项enthusiastic热情的与文中worried态度立场不一致。C选项disappointed失望的,文中未提到人们对于退休这件事很失望文中没有对应词句支撑,即无中生有。
Text 3 We have all encountered them, in both our personal and professional lives. Think about the times you felt tricked or frustrated by a membership or subscription that had a seamless sign up process but was later difficult to cancel. Something that should be simple and transparent can be complicated, intentionally or unintentionally, in ways that impair consumer choice. These are examples of dark patterns. First coined in 2010 by user experience expert Harry Brignull, "dark patterns" is a catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence the decision-making ability of users. On dark patterns.org, Brignull identifies 12 types of common dark patterns, ranging from misdirection and hidden costs to "roach motel," where a user experience seems easy and intuitive at the start, but turns difficult when the user tries to get out. In a 2019 study of 53,000 product pages and 11,000 websites, researchers found that about one in 10 employs these design practices. Though widely prevalent, the concept of dark patterns is still not well understood. Business and nonprofit leaders should be aware of dark patterns and try to avoid the gray areas they engender. Where is the line between ethical, persuasive design and dark patterns? Businesses should engage in conversations with IT, compliance, risk, and legal teams to review their privacy policy, and include in the discussion the customer/user experience designers and coders responsible for the company's user interface, as well as the marketers and advertisers responsible for sign-ups, checkout baskets, pricing, and promotions. Any or all these teams can play a role in creating or avoiding "digital deception." Lawmakers and regulators are slowly starting to address the ambiguity around dark patterns, most recently at the state level. In March, the California Attorney General announced the approval of additional regulations under the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) that "ensure that consumers will not be confused or misled when seeking to exercise their data privacy rights." The regulations aim to ban dark patterns—this means prohibiting companies from using "confusing language or unnecessary steps such as forcing them to click through multiple screens or listen to reasons why they shouldn't opt out." As more states consider promulgating additional regulations, there is a need for greater accountability from within the business community. Dark patterns also can be addressed on a self-regulatory basis, but only if organizations hold themselves accountable, not just to legal requirements but also to industry best practices and standards.
1. It can be learned from the first two paragraphs that dark patterns ______.
A.improve user experiences
B.leak user information for profit
C.undermine users' decision-making
D.remind users of hidden costs
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据题干信息first two paragraphs和dark pattern可以看出第一段举了一些例子在说明dark pattern是如何破坏消费者的选择(impair consumer choice)在第二段又进一步解释dark pattern如何影响用户决策能力的做法(influence the decision-making ability of users)根据两段内容,可以得出黑暗模式(dark pattern)的正确答案是C项破坏用户的决策(undermine users' decision-making). A选项改善用户体验(improve user experiences)和文章是相反,对应文章中的句子是(where a user experience seems easy and intuitive at the start用户体验在一开始看起来很容易,很直观)but turns difficult when the user tries to get out.(但当用户试图离开时就变得很困难)所以是错。B选项泄露用户信息来获利(leak user information for profit),文章中并没有提到泄露信息,属于无中生有。D选项提醒用户隐私性成本(remind users of hidden costs)文中,虽然有hidden costs,但并不是提醒,而是Brig null列出的12种黑暗模式里面包括的内容,从误导和隐私成本到“蟑螂汽车旅馆”(On dark patterns.org,Brignull identifies 12 types of common dark patterns, ranging from misdirection and hidden costs to "roach motel,")所以错。
2. The 2019 study on dark patterns is mentioned to show ______.
A.their major flaws
B.their complex designs
C.their severe damage
D.their strong presence
A B C D
D
[解析] 分析题干:(1)2019年的dark patterns被提到是为了表明什么,根据题干可知本题为例证题,通过例子作为论据来支撑论点,论点的位置即为论据的前后一句。(2)根据2019 study,以及dark patterns,不难将定位句确定为第二段,第三句,即“In a 2019 study of 53,000 product pages and 11,000 websites, researchers found that about one in 10 employs these design practices.”①精准定位:定位句为论据,前面一句或者后面一句为论点;前面一句:“where a user experience seems easy and intuitive at the start, but turns difficult when the user tries to get out.”指用户很难注销订阅。②匹配选项:A项他们重大的瑕疵B项他们复杂的设计C项他们严重的危害D项他们强烈的存在感。通过以上步骤可以确定,定位句并不在例子前一句,因此看后面一句:“Though widely prevalent, the concept of dark patterns is still not well understood.”尽管广泛存在,但是dark patterns的概念却没有很好地被理解。因此正确答案为D项,他们强烈的存在感。 their major flaws无中生有,原文定位段并未出现flaw的意思,their complex designs第一段中有提到complicated,因为据定位句较远,且意思为“如此简单透明的东西却被有意无意的复杂化来干扰消费者的选择”,their severe damage无中生有,damage在全文中没有明确提及,只有在第二段第一句中提及,“dark patterns is a catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence the decision-making ability of users.” dark patterns会操控使用者的界面从而影响他们做决定的能力,并不等同于严重的危害,不可过度推理。
3. To handle digital deception, businesses should ______.
A.listen to customer feedback
B.talk with relevant teams
C.turn to independent agencies
D.rely on professional training
A B C D
B
[解析] 由题干关键词digital deception和businesses可定位至第三段最后一句。这句话中的these teams指代本段的第二句开始的内容。(Businesses should engage in conversations with IT, compliance, risk, and legal teams to review their privacy policy, and include in the discussion the customer/user experience designers and coders responsible for the company's user interface, as well as the marketers and advertisers responsible for sign-ups, checkout baskets, pricing,and promotions.)企业应与IT,合规,风险和法律团队进行对话以审查其隐私政策。Any or all these teams can play a role in creating or avoiding "digital deception." 任何或所有这些团队都可以在产生或避免“数字欺骗”方面发挥作用。B选项:与相关团队交谈,与定位句的表述是最接近的,所以正确答案为选项B。 选项A:倾听顾客反馈,选项C:求助独立机构,选项D:依靠专业的培训,均不是出自定位句的内容,所以可以分别排除。
4. The additional regulations under the CCPA are intended to ______ .
A.guide users through opt-out processes
B.protect consumers from being tricked
C.grant company's data privacy rights
D.restrict access to problematic content
A B C D
B
[解析] 由题干关键词additional regulations和CCPA可定位至第四段句②,该句出现了与CCPA新增法规的信息(In March,...announced the approval of additional regulations under the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) that“ensure that consumers will not be confused or misled when seeking to exercise their data privacy rights.”)从本句可提炼出一个信息点:这个法规确保消费者在行使其数字隐私权时,不被混淆视听或误导。这与选项B的表述完全吻合,选项中的意思是:保护消费者不受欺骗。是原文中的同义替换。所以,正确答案为选项B。 选项A中的guide users through opt-out processes(指导用户选择退出程序)出现在原文定位句下一句:The regulations aim to ban dark patterns......such as forcing them to click through multiple screens or listen to reasons why they shouldn't opt out.”。选项A既不是题目的出处,还对原文信息“listen to reasons why they shouldn't opt out”(听取为什么他们不该退出的理由)进行了篡改。选项C:grant company's data privacy rights(给予公司数据隐私权)是针对第四段句②的迷惑选项。data privacy(数据隐私)和原文第四段②句中确实有,但区别在于,选项说的是给予公司数据隐私权,而原文说的只是规确保消费者在行使其数字隐私权,故选项C与原文表述不一致,排除。选项D的restrict access to problematic content(限制对有问题的内容访问)这一信息在原文中并未提及,属于无中生有,故可以排除。
5. According to the last paragraph, a key to coping with dark patterns is______ .
A.new legal requirements
B.businesses' self-discipline
C.strict regulatory standards
D.consumers' safety awareness
A B C D
B
[解析] 通过题干关键词the last paragraph可以定位到最后一段。最后一段只有两句话。通过第二句话Dark patterns also can be addressed...(黑暗模式也可以……来解决)可以得知它和第一句话构成递进,二者都是应对解决黑暗模式的方法。接下来只要找到这两句话的关键信息即可。第一句话指出“随着各州陆续颁布新的法规,就需要企业界去更多的承担责任,”强调了企业承担责任的重要性。第二句话指出“黑暗模式还可以通过自律的方式得以解决,但是唯一的条件是组织机构(企业)自觉负起责任来,且不仅要对法律要求负责,而且要对行业最佳实践和行业标准负责,”强调的是企业的自律。选项B“企业的自律”表达与此一致,故为答案。 选项A:new legal requirements(新的法律要求),原文只是提到了“法律要求”,并未提及“新”这个限定词,属于无中生有,故可排除。选项C:strict regulatory standards(严格的监管标准),原文只提到了“行业标准”,并未提及“严格的监管标准”,属于偷换概念,故可排除。选项D:consumers' safety awareness(消费者的安全意识),原文未提及,属于无中生有,故可排除。
Text 4 Although ethics classes are common around the world, scientists are unsure if their lessons can actually change behavior; evidence either way is weak, relying on contrived laboratory tests or sometimes unreliable self-reports. But a new study published in Cognition found that, in at least one real-world situation, a single ethics lesson may have had lasting effects. The researchers investigated one class session's impact on eating meat. They chose this particular behavior for three reasons, according to study co-author Eric Schwitzgebel, a philosopher at the University of California, Riverside: students' attitudes on the topic are variable and unstable, behavior is easily measurable, and ethics literature largely agrees that eating less meat is good because it reduces environmental harm and animal suffering. Half of the students in four large philosophy classes read an article on the ethics of factory-farmed meat, optionally watched an 11-minute video on the topic and joined a 50-minute discussion. The other half focused on charitable giving instead Then, unbeknownst to the students, the researchers studied their anonymized meal-card purchases for that semester—nearly 14,000 receipts for almost 500 students. "It's an awesome data set," says Nina Strohminger, a psychologist who teaches business ethics at the University of Pennsylvania and was not involved in the study. Schwitzgebel predicted the intervention would have no effect; he had previously found that ethics professors do not differ from other professors on a range of behaviors, including voting rates, blood donation and returning library books. But among student subjects who discussed meat ethics, meal purchases containing meat decreased from 52 to 45 percent—and this effect held steady for the study's duration of several weeks. Purchases from the other group remained at 52 percent. "That's actually a pretty large effect for a pretty small intervention," Schwitzgebel says. Strohminger agrees: "The thing that still blows my mind is that the only thing that's different between these two cases is just that one day in class." She says she wants the effect to be real but cannot rule out some unknown confounding variable. And if real, Strohminger notes, it might be reversible by another nudge: "Easy come, easy go." Schwitzgebel suspects the greatest impact came from social influence—classmates or teaching assistants leading the discussions may have shared their own vegetarianism, showing it as achievable or more common. Second, the video may have had an emotional impact. Least rousing, he thinks, was rational argument, although his co-authors (University of Kansas's Bradford Cokelet and Princeton University's Peter Singer) say reason might play a bigger role. Now the researchers are probing the specific effects of teaching style, T.A.s' eating habits and students' video exposure. Meanwhile Schwitzgebel—who had predicted no effect—will be eating his words.
1. Scientists generally believe that the effects of ethics classes are_______.
A.hard to determine
B.narrowly interpreted
C.difficult to ignore
D.poorly summarized
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据题目中的核心词scientists, the effects of ethics classes可以快速锁定到第一段第一句,该句表明尽管伦理课程在世界各地很普遍,但是科学家们不确定他们的课程是否真的能改变行为,证据都很薄弱(不充分),这些证据依赖于人为主导的实验室测试或有时不可靠的自我报告。由此得知,伦理课程的影响难以确定,答案为A。 选项B伦理课程的影响被狭义解释,原文只提到证据不充分,数据是来源于人为主导的实验室测试或有时不可靠的自我报告,并非所谓的狭义解释;C伦理课程的影响很难被忽略,该选项是歪曲了首段最后一句的语义,最后一句只提到“一个单一的伦理课可能产生了持久的影响”,并不能推论出“伦理课的影响就很难被忽略”;选项D伦理课程的影响被糟糕总结,原文未提及。
2. Which of the following is the reason for researchers to study meat eating? ______
A.It is common among students
B.It is a behavior easy to measure
C.It is important for students' health
D.It is a hot topic in ethic classes
A B C D
B
[解析] 由题目中的关键词reason,researchers以及study meat eating,可定位到文章第二段,其中句①写到The researchers investigated one class session's impact on eating meat.(研究人员调查了一堂课对于吃肉的影响);句②表明They chose this particular behavior for three reasons(他们选择这一特殊行为的三个原因);分别是students' attitudes on the topic are variable and unstable(学生对于这个话题的态度大不相同并且不太稳定),behavior is easily measurable,(行为便于衡量)以及ethics literature largely agrees that eating less meat is good because it reduces environmental harm and animal suffering.(伦理文献中基本上同意少吃肉是好的,因为它减少了对于环境的破坏以及动物的痛苦。)对比四个选项可得知,选项B:The behavior is easy to measure(行为便于衡量)和第二条理由完全相同。因此,选项B为正确选项。 选项A中It is common among students(在学生之间是普遍的),选项B中的It is important for students' health(对于学生的健康很重要)和选项D中的It is a hot topic in ethic classes(在伦理课堂中是热点话题)在原文均未提及。
3. Eric Schwitzgelbel's previous findings suggest that ethic professors ______.
4. Nina Strohminger thinks the effect of the intervention is ______.
A.permanent
B.predictable
C.uncertain
D.unrepeatable
A B C D
C
[解析] 由题目关键词Nina Strohming以及effect of the intervention可定位到第四段,寻找Nina的观点,主要定位在第3,4句。原文说she wants the effect to be real but cannot rule out some unknown confounding variable. And if real, Strohminger notes, it might be reversible by another nudge: "Easy come, easy go."(她希望效果是真实的,但不能排除一些未知的混杂变量。Strohminger指出,如果是真的,它可能会被另一个轻易逆转:“来得容易,去得容易。”),由此可知,她认为intervention所带来的效果可能并非真实,即使真实,也会轻易被推翻。第四段第一句Schwitzgebel说,小的介入就能有很大的效果。紧接着Nina的观点整体意思是要对这种说法表示怀疑。也就是说,在Nina看来intervention并非一定能产生效果。对比选项,C说这种效果是不确定的,所以C为正确选项。 通过原文的Easy come, easy go. 可知这个效果并不长久,故A项中的permanent(永久的)错误;选项B:predictable(可预测的)是利用第3段第1行的predicted干扰,原文定位句并未体现这种效果能否预测,所以B排除;选项D:unrepeatable(不可重复的)为强干扰选项,原文讨论的核心问题是intervention是否能产生效果,而并非效果可否重复的问题。因此D排除。
5. Eric Schwitzgebel suspects that the students' change in behavior ______.
A.can bring psychological benefits
B.can be analyzed statistically
C.is a result of multiple factors
D.is a sign of self-development
A B C D
C
[解析] 由题目中的关键词Eric Schwitzgebel以及the students' change in behavior,可定位到文章最后一段,其中句①写到the greatest impact came from social influence(最大的影响来自于社交影响);句②表明Second, the video may have had an emotional impact.(其次,视频可能产生了情感影响);句③提及reason might play a bigger role(理性可能发挥着更为重要的作用)。对比四个选项可得知,选项C:is a result of multiple factors(是多重因素的结果)是对上文三点内容的归纳。因此,选项C为正确选项。 选项A中的can bring psychological benefits(能带来心理上的好处),选项B中的can be analyzed statistically(可以进行统计分析)和选项D中的is a sign of self-development(是自我发展的标志)在原文均未提及。
Part B Directions: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. A. Make it a habit. B. Don't go it alone. C. Talk to a doctor. D. Listen to your body. E. Start low, go slow. F. Go through the motions. G. Round out your routine.
How to Get Active Again After a Break
Whether you've recently lost your routine or are just looking to get back in shape, these simple strategies will help. Getting back into exercise can be a challenge in the best of times, but with gyms and in-person exercise classes off-limits to many people these days because of COVID-19 concerns, it can be tricky to know where to start. And it's important to get the right dose of activity. "Too much too soon either results in injury or burnout," says Mary Yoke, PhD, a faculty member in the kinesiology department at Indiana University in Bloomington. Follow this advice to return to exercise safely. 1 Don't try to go back to what you were doing before your break. If you were walking 3 miles a day, playing 18 holes of golf three times a week, or lifting 10-pound dumbbells for three sets of 10 reps, reduce activity to ½ mile every other day, or nine holes of golf once a week with short walks on other days, or use 5 pound dumbbells for one set of 10 reps. Increase time, distance, and intensity gradually. "This isn't something you can do overnight," Denay says. But you'll reap benefits such as less anxiety and improved sleep right away. 2 If you're breathing too hard to talk in complete sentences, back off. If you feel good, go a little longer or faster. Feeling wiped out after a session? Go easier next time. And stay alert to serious symptoms, such as chest pain or pressure, severe shortness of breath or dizziness, or faintness, and seek medical attention immediately. 3 Consistency is the key to getting stronger and building endurance and stamina. Ten minutes of activity per day is a good start, says Marcus Jackovitz, DPT, a physical therapist at the University of Miami Hospital. All the experts we spoke with highly recommending walking because it's the easiest, most accessible form of exercise. Although it can be a workout on its own, if your goal is to get back to Zumba classes, tennis, cycling, or any other activity, walking is also a great first step. 4 Even if you can't yet do a favorite activity, you can practice the moves. With or without a club or racket, swing like you're hitting the ball. Paddle like you're in a kayak or canoe. Mimic your favorite swimming strokes. The action will remind you of the joy the activity brought you and prime your muscles for when you can get out there again. 5 Exercising with others "can keep you accountable and make it more fun, so you're more likely to do it again," Jackovitz says. You can do activities such as golf and tennis or take a walk with others and still be socially distant. But when you can't connect in person, consider using technology. Chat on the phone with a friend while you walk around your neighborhood. FaceTime or Zoom with a relative as you strength train or stretch at home.
1.
E
[解析] 本段先总述不要尝试回去做你休息之前去做的事,然后用高尔夫和哑铃(dumbbell)的例子来详细阐述每天应该先减少运动量,然后再逐渐增加运动量。段落最后Denay说的话和but后面的句子,又一次总结了例子想要传递的观点,是一个典型的总分总的段落。 本段体现出很明显的归纳演绎逻辑,所以答案应该在表示归纳的句子中,即段落最后两句。“This isn't something you can do overnight”这不是你一夜之间就能完成的事,与E选项中go slow(慢慢来)对应。E选项中start low(开始做的简单一些)在文中高尔夫和哑铃的具体演绎内容中有所体现,故答案为选项E。
2.
D
[解析] 本段主要描述了个人身体不适,应该怎么办。第一句和第二句用两种情况,分别是如果呼吸困难,怎么办;感觉良好,怎么办,与“身体情况”有关。最后一句serious symptoms“严重症状”,seek medical attention immediately“立即就医”也与“身体情况”有关。 根据以上段落分析,第一句和第二句均体现“身体情况”,与“身体情况”有关的,只有D选项Listen to your body。最后一句serious symptoms“严重症状”也会锁定D选项Listen to your body。注意干扰选项是C:Talk to a doctor,“与医生交谈”,本段重点应为侧重“身体”,故答案为选项D。
3.
A
[解析] 本段主要描述了坚持运动能够有助于建立自身的耐力。文章后半段作者主要提出散步是较为推荐的运动方式,因为这最简单容易,因此容易坚持。同时由此论述从散步开始恢复运动锻炼是不错的选择。 本段第一句提及“连贯的运动是变得强壮,建立耐力的关键”其中,“consistency”表示运动的坚持连贯,“is the key”表示非常重要,这与A选项中的Make it a habit表达“让运动成为习惯”的含义相一致,故答案为选项A。
4.
F
[解析] 该段首句即提到activity“活动”一词,并且给出建议you can practice the moves“你能够练习动作“。再往后三句生词较多,但能够看到都是祈使句句式,也就是具体的动作,并且在这些句子中能够看到比较简单的一些词汇hitting the ball和swimming均和运动有关。最后一句,再次提到activity一词。由此分析,整段话应该和运动或活动有关。 根据以上段落分析,观察所给出的7个小标题,我们需要搜索哪一个和运动或活动有关。经过查找标题中的关键词发现,唯一和运动或活动形成同义替换的是F选项当中的motion“运动,动作”一词,故答案为选项F。
5.
B
[解析] 该段首句提出Jackovitz的观点,即“和他人一起运动”(exercising with others)可以带来好处——让你有责任心(keep you accountable);让运动更有趣(make it more fun),因而你更可能再次去锻炼。第二句举例可以做的运动——高尔夫(golf);网球(tennis);和他人一起散步(take a walk with others)。 第三句进一步提出,如果不能和他人进行面对面的交流,那么就使用科技。第四、五句具体说明,如何使用科技与朋友、亲戚交流,比如使用电话(phone)或者社交软件(FaceTime,Zoom)。 根据以上段落分析,每一句都有“要和他人一起”的含义(Exercising with others, take a walk with others, Chat on the phone with a friend, FaceTime or Zoom with a relative),可以是朋友,可以是亲戚,所以要选一个和他人有关的选项。C答案虽然也有他人的概念(doctor),但文章中并未提及doctor。B答案,意为“不要自己一个人做运动”,反向说明做运动需要和他人一起,符合本段中心意义,故答案为选项B。
Section Ⅲ Translation Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.
1. Although we try our best, sometimes our paintings rarely turn out as originally planned.Changes in the light, the limitations of your painting materials and the lack of experience and technique mean that what you start out trying to achieve may not come to life the way that you Expected. Although this can be frustrating and disappointing, it turns out that this can actually be good for you. Unexpected results have two benefits: you pretty quickly learn to deal with disappointment and realise that when one door closes, another opens. You also quickly learn to adapt and come up with creative solutions to the problems the painting presents, and thinking outside the box will become your second nature. In fact, creative problem-solving skills are incredibly useful in daily life, with which you are more likely to be able to find a solution when a problem arises.
[解析] 【第一段】 Although we try our best, sometimes our paintings rarely turn out as originally planned. 本句为主从复合句,逗号前为although引导的让步状语从句,逗号后为句子的主干部分。主干为主谓结构,主语是our paintings,谓语是rarely turn out,as为连词引导方式状语。 ●try our best; try one's best是一个很常用的短语,意为“尽某人最大努力”。这里可以翻译为“竭尽所能”。 ●turn out:意为“(以某种方式)发生;最后是;结果是”,这里指的是画作的“呈现”。 ●as originally planned; as为连词引导方式状语,因此这里可以翻译成“以原来打算的样子“,或是“像原来打算的那样”。 尽管我们已经竭尽所能,但有时,我们的画作却很少能够像原本打算的那样诉诸笔端。 Changes in the light, the limitations of your painting materials and the lack of experience and technique mean that what you start out trying to achieve may not come to life the way that you expected. 本句整体是主谓宾结构:主语是Changes in light,the limitation of your painting materials,and the lack of experience and technique,谓语动词是mean,宾语是that引导的从句that what you start out trying to achieve may not come to life the way you expected。宾语从句为主谓结构:主语是what引导的名词性从句what you start out trying to achieve,谓语是may not come,to life为状语,the way you expected为方式状语“以你所期望的方式”。 ●the limitations of your painting materials:这里是名词修饰名词A of B的形式,因此在翻译成汉语时要译为“B的A”,即“绘画原料的局限性”。 ●the lack of experience and technique;这里也是名词修饰名词A of B的形式,因此在翻译成汉语时要译为“B的A,’,即“(绘画)经验和技巧的缺乏”。此外,我们也可以把lack翻译成动词,译为“缺少绘画经验和技巧”。 ●what you start out trying to achieve;这里是what引导的名词性从句。在处理此类句子时,我们可以将what暂时替换成the thing,那么这部分就变成了the thing you start out trying to achieve,意为“你最初想要达到的东西”。联系上下文可知,这里的“东西”指的就是最初想达到的画作效果,因此,该部分最后译为“你最初想达到的画作效果”。 ●come to life:字面意思为“苏醒过来;恢复知觉”,联系上下文可知,这部分其实跟前面的achieve是同一个意思,因此可译为“呈现”或“产生”。 ●the way you expected:最后这个方式状语比较简单,意思是“你所期望的方式”。其实这里隐藏着一个定语从句(that) you expected,其中that为关系代词,指代前面的the way,由于其在从句中充当宾语,因此被省略了。 光线的变换,绘画原料的局限性,绘画经验及技巧的缺乏,这些都意味着,你最初想达到的画作效果,可能并不会以你所期望的方式呈现出来。 【第二段】 Although this can be frustrating and disappointing, it turns out that this can actually be good for you. 本句为although引导的让步状语从句,that引导的主语从句 ●this can be frustrating and disappointing;这是个主系表结构,重点在于两个实词的翻译。翻译为“这可能是令人万分沮丧且十分失望”或“这会让人感到失望和沮丧”。 ●it turns out that this can actually be good for you: it为形式主语,that后为真正的主句结构,或者也可以把it turns out that理解为一直固定表达,翻译为“事实证明,这实际上对你是有益的”。 尽管这会让人感到失望和沮丧,但其实它对你是有好处的。 Unexpected results have two benefits: you pretty quickly learn to deal with disappointment and realise that when one door closes, another opens. 本句考查了两个简单句的并列。其中and并列了两个动作,分别是learn和realise;that引导了宾语从句 ●unexpected:unexpected可以翻译为“意料之外的;或者出乎意料的;没有预料到的” ●deal with:常见意思为“处理,与……打交道”这里翻译为“处理,应付”的意思。 ●when one door closes,another opens;这句话可以用我们一句谚语来翻译:上帝关上一扇门,一定会为你打开另一扇窗,或者打开另一扇门都可以接受。 那些意想不到的结果有两个好处:第一是你可以很快学会如何应对令人失望的困境,并且你可以意识到当一扇门对你关闭的同时,另一扇门会向你敞开。 You also quickly learn to adapt and come up with creative solutions to the problems the painting presents, and thinking outside the box will become your second nature. 本句整体是两个简单句的并列;其中又包含了一个省略that的定语从句“the pamtmg presents“来修饰前面的painting;其中learn to后引导了两个动作,分别是adapt(适应)以及come up with creative solutions(想出富有创造力的解决方案);这种解决方案是为了解决后面的名词problems,而problems被后面的定语从句“the painting presents“来修饰;所以连起来就是绘画所带来的问题。 ●“the problems the painting presents”定语从句的考查;因为这里定语从句相对简单;所以翻译的时候前置翻译;绘画所带来(呈现)的问题 ●Thinking outside the box:这里一定不能翻译成在盒子外思考;这里根据上下文的理解,我们应该能明白,原文大体意思讲的就是“创新思维”的重要性,所以这里我们可以把box理解为一些“条条框框”或者“定式”的东西,所以outside the box,我们可以翻译为“跳出固有思维”,“跳出思维定式”,“打破常规思考”等。 ●最后半句中and可以表示并列关系,但根据上下文也可灵活处理成递进关系更加通顺,翻译为“进而”。 第二个好处是,你也能快速学会适应并且想出创造性的措施来解决绘画中所出现的问题;进而跳出思维定式也将成为你的第二天性。 【第三段】 In fact, creative problem-solving skills are incredibly useful in daily life, with which you are more likely to be able to find a solution when a problem arises. 本句为复合句,主干部分为creative problem-solving skills are incredibly useful in daily life。由with which引出的非限定性定语从句对前句做补充,该从句为系表结构。从句主语为you,系动词为are,表语为likely。非限定性定语从句中还包含了一个由when引出的时间状语从句。 ●creative problem-solving skills:creative和problem-solving为形容词,修饰skills,可以直接翻译为“创造性的问题解决技能”。 ●incredibly useful:这个词是个副词,修饰形容词useful,如果翻译成“难以置信地实用的”,则有些生硬,因此,incredibly useful可以引申翻译为“非常实用的”。 ●are more likely和be able to:be likely to do sth. 和be able to do sth. 都是固定短语,分别翻译成“可能做某事”“可以、能够做某事”。 ●with which引出的非限定性定语从句:该从句比较长,是对前句的补充,可以采用独立成句的翻译办法,which指代的是creative problem-solving skills,with是介词,可以翻译成“通过、借助这一技能”。 ●when引出的时间从句:时间状语一般前置翻译,动词arise翻译成“出现”。 事实上,在日常生活中,创造性的问题解决技能是非常实用的。有了这些技能,当一个问题出现时,你更有可能找到它的解决办法。
Section Ⅳ Writing
Part A
1. Directions: Suppose you are planning a campus food festival. Write an email to the international students in your university to 1)introduce the food festival, and 2)invite them to participate You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead.
[范文] Dear International Students, I, the president of the Students' Union, am writing this email for the purpose of inviting you to participate in a campus food festival. Here are some relevant details. To begin with, this activity will be held at 11:00 on May 5th, 2022 on the sports field. In addition, the purpose of this festival is to enrich our after-school life, and provide us with some authentic Chinese traditional food. Lastly, we have also prepared a large collection of foreign foods, say, Western, Korean and Japanese foods. We are looking forward to your attendance, and please feel free to contact us for any information.
1. Directions: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should 1)interpret the chart and 2)give your comments Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET 2.
[范文] What is shown in the bar chart above indicates that dramatic changes have taken place in China in terms of the number of delivery services from 2018 to 2020. During that period, there was a marked jump of 32 billion from 51 billion to 83 billion in overall situation, while that of rural areas increased gradually, by 18 billion from 12 billion to 30 billion. This phenomenon received a great deal of attention in the public, for it exerts a considerable impact on people in modern society. To start with, perhaps it is the convenience and efficiency of delivery business that leads people to be more likely to use the delivery service. Besides, a majority of individuals are under the belief that it is a direct consequence of the support from the authorities to this industry. All of these lead to the popularity of express, especially in less-developed rural areas. Therefore, it is pleasant to think that this trend becomes prevailing. Considering every aspect of this tendency, I can safely draw a conclusion that the prosperity in the industry of express will continue in the following years. Both our government and the market should spend efforts to carry forward the progress, especially when facing the overwhelming threat from the epidemic, so as to reduce people's mobility while ensuring that we can get daily necessities through certain ways of delivery.