Part Ⅱ VocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Part Ⅲ ClozeDirections: In this part, you are required to read the following passage carefully. For each of the 20 blanks there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Researchers who refuse to share data with others may 1 others to withhold results from them, 2 a study by health-policy analysts at Harvard Medical School.
The study found that young researchers, those who publish 3 , and investigators seeking patents are most likely to be 4 access to biomedical data. It also found that researchers who withhold data gain a 5 for this, and have more difficulty in 6 data from others.
The study was 7 by a research team led by sociologist Eric Campbell. The team surveyed 2,366 8 selected scientists at 117 US medical schools. Overall, 12.5 percent said that they had been denied 9 to other academic investigators' data, 10 article reprints, during the past three years. This 11 with findings by the team and other groups. But by examining the 12 of data withholding, the team identified those experiencing the most 13 . For junior staff 14 , the team found that 13.5 percent were denied access, 15 5.1 percent of senior re searchers.
The 16 between data withholding and researchers' publishing 17 during the 18 three years was 19 : 7.7 percent of those who had published 1 - 5 articles had had data with held from them, but this rose to 28.9 percent for researchers who had published more than 20. Campbell warns, "Selectively holding back on information from the most 20 researchers could slow down progress in research into the causes and cares of human disease." Part Ⅳ Translation1. Wildlife refuges mainly serve as havens for millions of ducks, geese and other migratory birds. And this is what most people come to see. Much of the fun is in knowing and distinguishing the many kinds that are present in great variety. The activities and antics of the bird world are fascinating to anyone taking the time to observe up close. A camera, likewise, will record some of the unusual sights that will be seen.
Most of the areas are staffed by biologists--individuals who have a great interest in the out doors. They are all enthusiastic naturalists who can help a person to a richer enjoyment of the world of nature. A stop at the refuge headquarters will yield ideas on what to see and where, as well as helpful literature. A few refuges have visitor centers where displays tell the story of the refuge and where there are movies or color slide shows of the area and its wildlife.
Hunting on a refuge seems inconsistent with its purpose of protecting and saving. However, big game, if allowed to increase to an excessive degree, can be their own worst enemy. They overbrowse their range. Then starvation ruins the herd. But even before nature balances animals to food supply, the destruction of trees and shrubs removes food and cover essential to many smaller animals as well. It' s good management of the game, and to the sportsman' s benefit, to crop big game judiciously.
野生动物庇护所是数百万野鸭、鹅类和其他迁徙鸟类的天堂。这正是人们所想看到的结果。人们可以从对汇聚在一起的禽类识别和区分中获得巨大乐趣。对那些花费时间密切观察的人来说,鸟类世界里的各种活动和动作都是很有吸引力的。
很多地方(野生动物庇护所)都由“生物学家们”——那些对户外有着极大兴趣的人提供。他们都是些热心的自然学家,能够帮助人们更好地接触自然。在庇护所的驻足和一些有用的宣传图册会让人们顿获去什么地方,看什么东西的灵感。有些庇护所还设置了游客中心,在那里,一些陈列品向游客介绍了这些庇护所的状况,还有一些电影或者幻灯片展示庇护所及居住其中的野生动物。
在庇护所狩猎似乎有点与它的保护和拯救目的不协调。然而如果放任那些大的动物无限制增长,那他们自己将会成为自身最大的敌人。他们对栖息地过度啃食,随之而来的饥饿将会毁掉整个群落。但是在自然力发挥使动物数量和食物平衡作用之前,对林木灌木的毁坏也会剥夺许多小动物的食物和藏身之处。审慎地减少大型动物数量是自然界游戏好的运行方式,当然这是对户外爱好者有利的。
2. 那个小学生经常说她要是得到了诺贝尔奖的话,她就要用那笔钱来在西部办许多希望小学。
The pupil always says that if she got the Nobel Prize, she would spend the prize on the built-up of the primary schools in the West.
3. 那个年轻人宁愿去广州的大学攻读信息工程,也不愿开一个自己的网站。
The young man would rather go to colleges in Guangzhou for the information engineering than set up his own website.
4. 电信集团如果那时及时地将局域网升了级,就会在全省赢得了更多的用户。
If it had upgraded the local area network in time, the telecom group would have gained more customers in whole province.
5. 那时,任何胆量小一点的人都不敢想到我们应该扩大研究生的招生规模。
At that time, anyone who had a bit smaller courage would not imagine that we should en large the graduate-admitting scale.
6. 良好的心态是对付压力的最关键因素。如果你能对周围的人和事都抱有一积极的态度,你就可以把压力减到最小,甚至消除压力。
Good attitude towards life is the key factor in dealing with pressure, ff you lead a positive attitude towards your surroundings, then you can minimize pressure and even eliminate it.
Part Ⅴ WritingDirections: Write a composition on the title "I (Don' t) Want to Be A Civil Servant" based on the following outline. Your composition should be in no less than 150 English words.
1. Topic: I (Don' t) Want to Be A Civil Servant
Outline:
1. 每一个毕业生都关心就业问题。
2. 公务员职位竞争激烈。
3. 我(不)要当一名公务员。
I Don't Want to Be A Civil Servant
After colleges expand the number of the students they admit every year, the graduates' number increases sharply. But there seems to be not enough positions for so many graduates, so many students choose to go abroad or stay in China to do further study so that they escape from the present job-seeking pressure. There are some other students who choose to be civil servants, whose job are fixed and won' t suffer from fierce pressure.
According to the statistics, there are millions of people take parts in the civil servant exams every year, but the real demand is only ten percent or so. So students that want to be civil servants have to take severe competition, not only they should do well in the writing exam, they should do well in the interviews as well. So to be a civil servant is not an easy task.
I don' t want to be a civil servant. There are two reasons. The first reason is just as I mention above: the competition to be a civil servant is too fierce. I don' t think I can go through the difficult preparing period. Secondly, I think the job of a civil servant is too tedious, everyday riley just do the same work, which will finally make a person to be lazy without ambitions. I like a lively and free environment where people can make the best of his knowledge and get the most development.
So considering the present situation and my own interest, I don' t want to be a civil servant.