Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.
Ⅱ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer.
1. When English speakers receive a gift, they always ______.
Ⅲ. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.
1. Language is the ______ and container of culture.
carrier
2. Each culture develops a particular way of ______ favoured by a particular population.
life
3. Given names used as vocatives suggest ______ between the addresser and the addressee.
familiarity
4. The idiom "to love at first sight" roughly corresponds to "______" in Chinese.
一见钟情
5. The English proverbial equivalent for "金无足赤,人无完人" is "______".
There are lees to every wine
6. Similes and metaphors must have two components: the tenor and the ______.
vehicle
7. In English a developing country is used to refer to a poor country. Here "a developing country" is a ______.
euphemism
8. The phrase in British English for "单程票" is ______.
single ticket
9. The English idiom ______ corresponds to "帅哥", "靓女" in Chinese.
Mr./Miss Right
10. Nonverbal communication is used to convey ______ to others and receive messages from others.
messages
Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly.
1. What is logical thinking?
Logical thinking refers to thinking in terms of pure reasoning.
2. How will you explain the contrast of explicit grammar in English and implicit grammar in Chinese?
English speakers prefer to indicate explicitly the logical relationships between words, phrases or clauses; whereas the Chinese people, when the logical relationships can be inferred from the context or have been known, allow them to be expressed implicitly.
3. What is the English equivalent for "黑信" ?
The English equivalent for "黑信" is poison-pen letters.
4. What are the major differences between English and Chinese descriptive texts?
The Chinese descriptive texts are very often more flowery or ornate than the English ones. There are more adjectives, similes and metaphors and hyperboles used in Chinese descriptive texts than in the English ones.
Ⅴ. Translation
1. You are expecting too much of him. He is still green to his job.
你对他期望过高了。干这活儿他还是新手呢。
2. Those born to the purple are destined to live in the public eye.
那些出身高贵的人注定备受瞩目。
3. Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.
求知可以作为消遣,可以作为装潢,可以增长才干。
4. 您有何贵干?
What brings you here?
5. 黄道吉日
a lucky day
6. ——你的英语说得很好。 ——哪里,哪里。
—You speak English very well. —Thank you.
Ⅵ. Discuss the following topics.
1. What are the contrasts between English and Chinese compliments and responses?
There are cultural differences between English and Chinese compliments and responses. Cultural differences exist first in who can be complimented. In English speaking countries one can praise members of one's own family.However, this might considered bad taste in China. Cultural differences also exist in what can be complimented. It is quite common tor a male English speaker to compliment females on their good looks. However, it is almost a taboo in Chinese culture. Striking cultural differences exist in how to respond compliments. Unless the compliment is obviously untrue, English speakers tend to accept compliments with appreciation because their culture values agreement among interlocutors. In contrast, Chinese speakers tend to refuse compliments because Chinese culture values modesty.
2. What are the cross-cultural contrasts underlying swear words in Chinese and English?
Swear words are taboo in both English and Chinese. In the two languages some swear words are more offensive than others. Many English swear words are related to Christian religious names or terms and most of them are set expressions. In contrast, swear Words in Chinese do not have these features.