Ⅰ.Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences from the words or expressions given below. One word or expression for each blank only. Ⅱ.Translate the following Chinese into English.1. 大部分时间你就像条鱼,你自由地四处闲游,突然间大钩子伸进你的嘴里,你被钓住了。
Mostly you were like a fish: you swam about with freedom, when suddenly the big hook clapped itself into your mouth and you were caught.
[解析] 这是一个由几个简单句构成的句子。直译即可。
2. 如果你一辈子都拒绝吊在眼前的诱饵,那就根本算不上活着了。
If you went through life refusing all the bait dangled before you, that would be no life at all.
[解析] 整句话可用if来连接引导一个条件状语从句。其中:“拒绝吊在眼前的诱饵”可用refuse all the bait dangled before you.
3. 我生活中的每一天都必将遇到麻烦,因为麻烦总会有,以后还会有。
There is bound to be trouble in store for me every day of my life, because trouble it's always been and always will be.
[解析] 这是一个由几个简单句构成的句子。其中,必将做某事,可译为be bound to do sth。
4. 离开他一段距离,在运河边上还有一个孤独的垂钓者。但亚瑟知道他们会互不干扰……。
Another solitary man was fishing further along the canal, but Arthur knew that they would leave each other in peace...
[解析] ①运河:canal。孤独的:solitary。互不干扰,可用leave each other in peace。②课文未将“在运河边上有一个孤独的垂钓者”译为there be结构,而是译成由but引导的并列句的表示某一动作正在进行的部分,突出后面句子的意思。
5. 最糟糕的神经质莫过于那种产生于内疚感,而又无力进行改变的神经质了。
There is no worse neurosis than that which derives from a consciousness of guilt and an inability to reform.
[解析] 这里含有一个由which引导的定语从句。可译为which derives from a consciousness of guilt and an inability to reform;最糟糕的神经质莫过于那种……的神经质了,可译为:there is no worse neurosis than that。
6. 我真没必要把有思想的美国人感到的处于崩溃边缘的领域列举出来,只要把视角集中在教育上就足够了。
It would be unnecessary for me to list those areas in which thoughtful Americans feel that collapse is coming. It is enough for me to concentrate on education.
[解析] ①此句可从“只要”处切分为两个句子进行分译。都可用It is/would be+adj. for sb to do sth的it作形式主语的句式进行翻译。②前一部分定语较长,且复杂。译时应抓住前部分的主谓宾,即:我真没必要列举出……领域。③“有思想的美国人感到的处于崩溃边缘的”可译为一个定语从句修饰“领域”。即...areas in which thoughtful Americans feel that collapse is coming。④崩溃:collapse。集中:concentrate on。
7. 人们都认为美国青年既是发现病症的前锋,也是找到疗法的先驱。
It has been assumed that the youth of America has been in the vanguard of the discovery of both the disease and the cure.
[解析] 这里含有一个由that引导的宾语从句。可译为It has been assumed that...;其中,美国青年既是发现病症的前锋,也是找到疗法的先驱,可译为:the youth of America has been in the vanguard of the discovery of both the disease and the cure.
8. 我并不是在说美国人应该静坐观望,静等这样一小段不信任和绝望的时期会自己解决掉。此时此地的美国人有权利使自己的生活质量得到提高,而他们自己必须做出努力。人们一到晚上就不敢上街是不正常的,他们有时怕警察就和他们怕犯罪一样也是不正常的,二者竟然像是镜子中的影子一样地相似。
I am not suggesting that Americans sit back and wait for a transient period of mistrust and despair to resolve itself. Americans living here and now have a right to an improvement in the quality of their lives, and they themselves must do something about it. It is not right that men and women should fear to go on the street at night, and that they should sometimes fear the police as much as the criminals, both of whom sometimes look like mirror images of each other.
[解析] ①第一句从结构看可译为一个主从复合句。主句为:我并不是在说……。宾语从句为:美国人应该静坐观望,静等这样一小段不被信任和绝望的时期会自己解决掉。(一小段时期:a transient period)。I am not suggesting that Americans sit back and wait for a transient period of mistrust and despair to resolve itself. 注意suggest表建议时,宾语从句用should do形式。②第二句可在“而他们”前切分为两个独立的英文句子。前一部分中“此时此地的”表示“生活在此时此地的”,可译为现在分词短语作后置定语修饰Americans,即:Americans living here and now。“有权利使自己的生活质量得到提高”可译为:have right to an improvement in the quality of their lives。“而他们自己必须做出努力”译为:and they themselves must do something about it. themselves在句中加强语气。③“人们一到晚上就不敢上街……,……也是不正常的”,可译为由that引导的两个主语从句作真正的主语,这样主语太长,句子显得头重脚轻,所以用it在句中作形式主语。译为:It is not right that men and women should fear to go on the street at night, and that they should sometimes fear the police as much as the criminals.④“二者竟然像是镜子中的影子一样地相似”译为:both of whom sometimes look like mirror images of each other.
9. 那天和第二天,杰里练习他的肺活量,好像所有的一切,他全部的生活,他要实现的一切的一切都取决于它。
That day and the next, Jerry exercised his lungs as if everything, the whole of his life, all that he would become, depended upon it.
[解析] 这里含有一个由as if引导的让步状语从句。可译为Jerry exercised his lungs as if everything, the whole of his life, all that he would become, depended upon it。
10. 她皱了一下眉头,着实担心杰里究竟在偷偷地渴望着一些什么样的乐趣……
She frowned, conscientiously worrying over what amusements Jerry might secretly be longing for...
[解析] ①皱了一下眉头(皱眉):frown。着实地,认真地:conscientiously。担心:worry over。乐趣:amusement。渴望:long for。“偷偷地”此处宜译为:secretly。②“着实担心杰里究竟在偷偷地渴望着一些什么样的乐趣。”译为:Conscientiously worrying over what amusements he might secretly be longing for.
11. 杰里对日光浴和游泳已经感到厌倦。他想潜入海底去看看,想同其他孩子一起玩。但是,他又觉得他不应该撇下他寡居的母亲。母亲对儿子也是体贴入微,既想让他待在比较安全的海滩,身边有她照应,又唯恐儿子感到母亲想把他留在身边,对儿子有占有欲。
Jerry was tired of sunbathing and swimming. He wanted to dive into the sea to have a look and to play with other children. But he felt that he should not leave his widowed mother alone. His mother also showed every possible consideration for her son. She wanted her son to stay on the safe beach so that she could look after him. Meanwhile, she was worrying that her son would feel that she was possessive, keeping him close her.
[解析] ①be tired of:对……感到厌倦。日光浴:sunbathing。首句译为:Jerry was tired of sunbathing and swimming. ②潜入:dive into。看看:have a look。与(某人)一起玩: play with (sb.)。第二句中“去看看”与“想同其他孩子一起玩”可译为动词不定式结构表目的。即:He wanted to dive into the sea to have a look and play with other children.③第三句可译为一个含宾语从句的主从复合句,宾语从句用that引导。主句是“他又觉得”。从句是“他不应该……的母亲”。单独留下(某人):leave (sb.) alone.则此句可译为:but he felt that he should not leave his widowed mother alone. ④第四句中。“母亲对儿子也是体贴入微”可单独成句,译为:His mother also showed every possible consideration for her son。后面部分可从“又”前切分为两句,并用meanwhile引出下文,表示母亲两种矛盾的心理。即:She wanted her son to stay on the safe beach so that she could look after him. Meanwhile, she was worrying that her son would feel that she was possessive, keeping him close her. (stay on:待在……。照应/看:look after。possessive:表示占有欲的)