4. Bruno tends to get bored when he is sitting on the beach, watching the waves, getting sand in his swimsuit, and reading detective stories. (simple sentence)
Bruno tends to get bored sitting on the beach, watching the waves, getting sand in his swimsuit, and reading detective stories.
[解析] 本题要求把句子改写成简单句。由于when引导的从句的主语和主句的主语相同,所以可以将when以及从句的主语和谓语直接去掉,使“sitting on the beach, watching the waves, getting sand in his swimsuit, and reading detective stories”作伴随状语,构成简单句。
5. I am willing to pay slightly higher taxes for the privilege of living in this country, considering the free health care, the low crime rates, and the wonderful winters. (periodic sentence)
Considering the free health care, the low crime rates, and the wonderful winters, I am willing to pay slightly higher taxes for the privilege of living in this country.
[解析] 本题要求把句子改写成掉尾句。掉尾句的中心意思放在句尾,修饰语放在句首。因此可以把伴随状语“considering the free health care, the low crime rates, and the wonderful winters”置于句首,同时注意considering的首字母要大写。
6. I saw the patient this morning. He seemed all right then. (complex sentence)
When I saw the patient this morning, he seemed all right(then).
8. Eleanora Duse was a famous actress, and she had only one leg. (simple sentence)
Eleanora Duse, a famous actress, had only one leg. //Eleanora Duse was a famous actress with only one leg.
[解析] 本题要求把句子改写成简单句。句中的she指代的就是Eleanora Duse,因此and前后的两个句子主语相同,可以把and前的逗号及and she had改为with,使“with only one leg”作后置定语,修饰actress;也可以去掉and she,同时把was改为逗号,使a famous actress作Eleanora Duse的同位语。
9. Bill went to school in spite of a bad cold. (complex sentence)
Bill went to school even though he had a bad cold.
10. The salesman hoped that he would be able to present his new product at the meeting. He hoped there would be time for him to make a slide presentation. (parallel sentence)
The salesman hoped that he would be able to present his new product at the meeting and that there would be time for him to make a slide presentation.
2. He has lost his passport again. Which is especially annoying, for he is to attend a conference in Paris tomorrow.
He has lost his passport again, which is especially annoying, for he is to attend a conference in Paris tomorrow. // He has lost his passport again. That is especially annoying, for he is to attend a conference in Paris tomorrow.
[解析] 本题考查破句的修改。可以将这两个句子合并为一个句子,把which前的句号改为逗号,使“which is especially annoying”作非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的整句话;也可以直接把which改为指示代词that,指代前面所描述的情况。
3. Helena's car being the only one that could carry all of our equipment to the lab.
Helena's car was the only one that could carry all of our equipment to the lab.
2. Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. The tragic hero is typically on top of the wheel of fortune, half-way between human society on the ground and something greater in the sky. Prometheus, Adam, and Christ hang between heaven and earth, between a world of paradisal(天堂似的) freedom and a world of bondage. Tragic heroes are so much the highest points in their human landscape that they seem the inevitable conductors of the power about them, great trees more likely to be struck by lightning than a clump of grass. Conductors may of course be instruments as well as victims of the divine lightning: Milton's Samson destroys the Philistine temple with himself, and Hamlet nearly exterminates(消灭) the Danish court in his own fall.
The tragic hero is typically on top of the wheel of fortune, half-way between human society on the ground and something greater in the sky.
3. Read the following paragraph and choose the best topic sentence from the four options that follow. Write the corresponding letter of your choice in the blank provided. First, there are always customers to be served. I work in a downtown McDonald's that gets lots of traffic, and as soon as I serve one customer, there is always another one ready to order. There is constant pressure because I can never step back for a few minutes and relax. Second, I have to put together all of the orders myself. To do that, I have to move all over the serving area: French fries on one side, drinks on the other, and burgers in the middle. I must always move at a fast pace. McDonald's has an image to uphold, and its workers must scurry (小跑) about like ants. Finally, my manager really keeps the pressure on. He watches us like a hawk, and every time I do something wrong, he seems to catch it. He also has a reputation for firing people, and he never lets any of the workers feel that their jobs are safe. By the end of the day, I'm emotionally and physically drained, like everyone else, and we all head out the door grumbling.
A.Working at McDonald's is very tiring.
B.McDonald's offers French fries, drinks and burgers.
C.Workers at McDonald's are expected to uphold its image.
D.McDonald's managers are all like hawks and keep the pressure on.
1. Rearrange the following sentences so that they read logically. Put the corresponding letters in a proper sequence in the boxes provided below. The positions of some sentences have been given. A. Industries and government contribute another 20 percent: the largest industrial polluters are petroleum refineries. B. The air we breathe is about one-fifth oxygen and a little less than four-fifths nitrogen(氮), with traces of other gases, water vapor, and the waste products we put into it. C. Homes, apartments, and offices use coal, gas and oil for heat. D. Motor vehicles account for over 51 percent of the total polluting material sent into the atmosphere every year. E. Heating is also a major source of pollution. F. Most air pollution is caused by the gasoline-powered internal combustion (燃烧) engines of cars, trucks and buses. G. Another source of pollution is the incineration(烧成灰烬) of garbage, trash, metal, glass, and other waste. H. Electrical power plants also contribute about 20 percent of the total air pollutants by burning coal or oil for electrical power.
A
H
E
B
F
D
A
H
E
C
G
[解析] A项讲的是工业和政府机关所造成的污染占20%,其中最大的工业污染源是炼油厂。D项讲的是汽车占每年大气污染总量的51%还要多。D项中的51 percent和A项的another 20 percent相对应,故D应该排在A的前面。F项讲的是大多数的空气污染是由汽车、卡车和公交车的内燃机燃烧汽油造成的,和D项中的motor vehicles相对应,故F应该排在D的前面。B项讲的是我们所呼吸的空气含有大约1/5的氧气、略低于4/5的氮气、其他微量气体、水蒸气以及我们所排出的废弃物。B项中的the waste products we put into it和F项中的air pollution相对应,故B应该排在F的前面。E项讲的是热量也是一个重要的污染源。C项讲的是家庭、公寓和办公室用煤、天然气和石油来提供热量。这是对热量的详细描述,故C应该排在E的后面。G项讲的是另外一个污染源是垃圾、废弃物、金属、玻璃等的焚烧,故G应该排在C的后面。
Ⅴ. 划掉与段落内容无关的句子
1. Read the following paragraph and cross out TWO irrelevant sentences. Each of the Russian manned space exploration projects had specific major goals. For example, the Vostok project was designed to test whether or not human beings could survive and function in outer space. For another example, the Voshkhod project was intended to find out whether people could work in the weightless environment of space. One Voshkhod cosmonaut(苏联宇航员) experimented with weightlessness by taking a "spacewalk". That is, he floated in a spacesuit outside his Voshkhod spacecraft, connected to it by a tether(系绳, 系链). The cosmonaut who did that was Alexei Leonov. Several weeks later, Leonov's spacewalk was followed by that of U.S. astronaut Ed White. Finally, the Soyuz project, with three cosmonauts, had goals of testing spacecraft and spaceflight skills so that people could fly long missions in Earth orbit. China's spaceflight skills are catching up.
Several weeks later, Leonov's spacewalk was followed by that of U.S. astronaut Ed White. China's spaceflight skills are catching up.
[解析] 本段的大意为:俄罗斯的每一次载人太空探索都有其特定的主要目标。例如,东方号项目被用来检测人类是否能够在外太空正常地存活。再比如,上升号项目被用来实验人类能否在太空失重的环境中工作。一位苏联宇航员通过跳“太空步”检验了失重,也就是说,他穿着太空服漂浮在上升号宇宙飞船的外面,通过系绳和宇宙飞船相连接。这位宇航员就是阿列克谢·列昂诺夫。最后一个例子是有三位宇航员的联盟号项目,它的目标是检测宇宙飞船和航天技术,这样人们能够在地球轨道上进行长时间飞行任务。根据本段大意可知,“Several weeks later, Leonov's spacewalk was followed by that of U.S. astronaut Ed White.”和“China's spaceflight skills are catching up.”与本段主题无关,不符合段落统一性要求,故可删除。
Ⅵ. 写作
1. Write a letter of job application according to the following situation: Professor Liu who once taught you at university resigned last year and became president of Chung Hwa Commercial Bank. As a banking major, write a letter to him in order to seek a position in the bank. Please sign your name as Li Ping. (150-200words)
January 20, 2016 Dear Prof. Liu, It is a year since I last saw you. I hope you have been faring along very well. I have just learned from the press the happy news that you are now the president of the Chung Hwa Commercial Bank. Would you be so kind as to put my name down as a staff member of your bank? I remained at Kangnan University after your resignation last year, and graduated from the School of Commerce with a bachelor's degree last summer. As banking was the major area of my four years' study, I am anxious to get a bank position so as to make profitable use of my training. I will accept any starting salary, for my objective is to gain experience in the commercial banking from the bottom. I shall feel entirely content if the position offers prospects of promotion. As to my personality, I suppose you still remember that I am industrious and conscientious. Hoping you will favor me with an early reply. Yours respectfully, Li Ping