Ⅰ.GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY Complete each of the following 15 sentences with the most likely answer. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet.
1. There is still quite a long way to go ______ researchers can find a solution to the problem.
9. Salaries should be raised to ______ the soaring prices of daily necessities.
A.keep up with
B.come up with
C.catch on
D.carry on
A B C D
A
[考点] 本题考查短语辨析。 [解析] keep up with表示“赶得上”;come up with表示“提出,赶上”;catch on表示“理解,明白”;carry on表示“继续,参与”。另外,需要注意的是,come up with表示“与别人有差距,努力追赶”,指的是“赶上”的动作;keep up with表示“与别人同步,并保持不变”,指的是保持“不落后”的状态。故本题应选A。
10. To our great ______, Daniel's illness did not turn out as serious as we had feared.
A.regret
B.anxiety
C.surprise
D.relief
A B C D
D
[考点] 本题考查固定搭配。 [解析] to one's great regret表示“令某人很遗憾的是”;to one's great anxiety表示“令某人很焦虑的是”;to one's great surprise表示“令某人很吃惊的是”;to one's great relief表示“令某人很宽慰的是”。
11. The girl ______ no interest in learning how to play the piano despite her mother's insistence.
A.represented
B.revealed
C.showed
D.gave
A B C D
C
[考点] 本题考查固定搭配。 [解析] show no interest in doing sth. 表示“对做某事不感兴趣”。
12. Companies usually take your previous experience into ______ when they fix your salary.
A.care
B.account
C.mind
D.possession
A B C D
B
[考点] 本题考查固定搭配。 [解析] take sth. into account表示“对某事加以考虑”。
13. She contradicted her boss, even though she knew it was ______ for her to keep her mouth shut.
Ⅱ.CLOZE Fill in each of the 15 blanks in the passage with the most likely answer. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. Scientists have wondered if animals actually have language. It seems clear to anyone who has a dog or cat or who 1 observes animals that there is certainly communication going on. Recent research into different animals is shedding light 2 animal communication. Many animals produce chemicals which send "smell-messages" to other animals of the same 3 . A honeybee, for example, makes over thirty-six different chemicals to communicate 4 information as where to find good flowers. An ant that has found food will take a bit of it and, as it heads back to the anthill, leaves a chemical 5 so that other ants will know where to go for more food. Animals also communicate with 6 language. A dog expresses happiness by wagging its tail, 7 most people know. A honeybee uses a complex "dance" to give other bees the 8 direction to flowers. Like humans, many animals 9 , but we are only beginning to understand the meaning of these sounds. A professor has spent over ten years studying prairie dogs 10 . He carefully records their sounds and observes their 11 and all events that happen at the same time as the sounds. The professor claims that he has 12 about fifty "words", with which prairie dogs alert each other when they 13 danger. It is clear that animals certainly communicate in various ways. However, the question "Is it language?" is still 14 . Some people think it is. The famous linguist Noam Chomsky, however, believed that what 15 communication from true language is syntax—that is, the use of grammar and word order, so he believed that only humans can have language.
Ⅲ.PARAPHRASING Choose the closest paraphrased version after each of the following sentences or the italicized part. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet.
1. If next you were asked to list people who are generally admired by society, who somehow seem bigger than life, you might come up with an entirely different list. ______
A....who are more heroic in real life...
B....who seem greater than they are...
C....who look stronger than others...
D....who seem heavier than others...
A B C D
B
[解析] 本句大意:貌似非凡的人。seem似乎,好像,看上去;bigger than life超群的,(描写等)夸大的。B项意为:看起来比他们自身更伟大的人。二者意思相近。
2. No matter how broad-minded or full of goodwill you may be, a series of props have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety. ______
A....you will be overwhelmed by negative feelings.
B....you will experience a series of mental and physical attacks.
C....you will feel upset from losing familiar signs to guide yourself.
D....you will feel depressed because you are cut off from the outside world.
3. I think this makes a man out of a boy sooner than anything else. ______
A....this enables a man to remain young.
B....this enables a boy to mature quickly.
C....this is the way to make a boy stronger than a man.
D....this is the way to make a man different from a boy.
A B C D
B
[解析] 本句大意:没有别的事情能使一个少年更快地成长为一个男子汉了。make out of离开,走出。B项意为:让一个男孩迅速成熟。二者意思相近。
4. They [DDT and other pesticides of its type] tend to be endlessly recycled in the food chains on which birds and animals and man himself are completely dependent. ______
A.The food chains for living creatures depend on the recycling of those chemicals.
B.The cycle of those chemicals in the food chains for living creatures never stops.
C.There is always a great influence of those chemicals on the food chains.
D.No living creatures can live without those chemicals in their food.
Ⅳ.READING COMPREHENSION Read the two passages and choose the most likely answer to each of the questions. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet.
Passage 1 The 2013 word of the year, according to the Oxford Dictionaries, was "selfie", which Oxford defines as "a photograph that one has taken of oneself, typically one taken with a smartphone and uploaded to a social media website". The first use of the term, according to Oxford, occurred when a young Australian got drunk at a friend's birthday party and fell down the stairs. He hit lip first and his front teeth punched a hole in his bottom lip. His response was to take a photo of himself and post it online for his friends to see. "Sorry about the focus," he wrote, "It was a selfie." That was more than a decade ago. The word remained in relative obscurity until two years ago, when "selfie" began its climb to digital star. With smartphone in hand, we can now share with others how our narcissism (自恋) looks to us. This is not just the year of the selfle; this is the age of the selfie. Although their self-view may look good to people who post a lot of settles, it turns out that their friends often aren't amused. Recent research conducted by Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, Scotland, concluded that increased sharing of selfies leads to decreased feelings of connection and closeness. In other words, your friends will stay closer if you keep your series to yourself. The problem with selfie culture isn't only what we look at; it's also how we love and how we live. In a culture defined by the selfie, nothing has lasting value but the self, which means everyone and everything can be disposed of whenever something better shows up. For example, online dating services make it easy to find a mate with the click of a mouse, why not keep looking and looking and looking? When the going gets tough in one relationship, why not get going and find someone better? Our things become disposable as well. In the case of the phone, something better shows up about every six months. Obviously, an astonishing 99 percent of the stuff we buy winds up in a landfil or recycling plant within six months of purchase. It's hard to believe, but six months after purchase, only one percent of everything we buy remains in use. It takes disposing of a lot of stuff to ensure that we each have "something better". Here's the irony: Selfie culture doesn't enhance the self but degrades it. When we turn the lens of life on ourselves, we create the illusion that we should focus only on what's best for us. We continually focus and refocus, constantly revisit options and reevaluate decisions. In doing so, we deprive ourselves of being surrounded by people whom we deeply value because of their long presence and things we deeply value because of their long use. Make no mistake. Sometimes we make bad decisions, and we need to get out and start over. If you're in a job that's ethically compromising or a relationship that's emotionally or physically abusive, head for the door. But if your life has turned into a slideshow of short-term commitments and temporary relationships, then it's time to refocus. Life isn't a selfie. Rather, it's a complex interweaving (交织) of relationships that unite us to the world around us. And while those relationships must fully engage who we are as individuals, they must also fully engage to whom and to what we are related, which ultimately is everything.
1. What is a typical selfie according to the Oxford Dictionaries? ______
Passage 2 A "9 to 5" job has been the familiar shorthand for typical American office work for generations, but the phrase is fast becoming more common than the people who actually have one. A CareerBuilder.com study asked 1,000 US employees in fields that typically have traditional work schedules, including IT and financial services, about their work habits. Even in those industries, 63 percent of survey respondents said they thought a fixed "9 to 5" workday was an outdated concept. Additionally, about half said that they check or respond to work e-mails outside of the office, and nearly two in five said they continue working when they leave the office. That doesn't necessarily mean that employees feel pressure from their higher-ups to do so, says Rosemary Haefner, chief human resources officer of CareerBuilder, via e-mail. "Workers want more flexibility in their schedules, and there's so much technology now that enables them to work remotely and check in." Additionally, she says, increased globalization among companies means workers often need to stay connected outside of traditional US office hours, and that more flexible schedules could be an effective recruiting tool for companies hoping to attract in-demand talent and retain their best performers. Among all age groups, workers between ages 45 and 54 were the most likely to work outside regular office hours, and men were more prone to do so than women. Women, however, were more likely to say that work was the last thing they thought about before going to bed. A more loosely-defined work schedule "can help employees build a better work/life balance", Ms. Haefner says, but such flexibility comes with the risk that "the boundaries between work and personal lives can blur, which can cause stress". Seventeen percent of those surveyed, she notes, said they had trouble enjoying leisure activities because they were too distracted thinking about work. The findings line up with a lot of evidence supporting the notion that the typical workweek is vanishing. Full-time, salaried workers in the US log an average of 47 hours per week on the job, according to a 2014 Gallup poll. Among all workers (full and part time) the average workweek is about 34.5 hours according to the Labor Department, suggesting wide variation in what it means to work a regular day job. In addition, having a fixed workweek at all is becoming a bit of a luxury. Nearly one in three workers in the US are now considered freelancers (自由职业者), many relying on a rotating series of jobs that offer little consistency in hours or level of income—not to mention benefits like retirement accounts, health insurance, and paid vacation days. Providing stability for workers on both ends of the employment spectrum is a burgeoning (快速发展的) priority for the Obama administration. The Labor Department released a series of guidelines for determining whether or not a worker can legally be considered a contractor, coming to the conclusion that too many firms are using the distinction improperly to avoid the costs that come with designating someone a full-time employee. The agency updated its rules regulating overtime pay for full-time salaried workers, raising the income threshold (起始点) under which employees can earn overtime.
1. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 2? ______
A.The majority of employees still enjoy the "9 to 5" working schedule.
B.The "9 to 5" work schedule is no longer a typical working pattern.
C.Many employees still follow a traditional working pattern.
D.Few companies still adopt the traditional work schedule.
5. Which of the following can best explain the sentence "...having a fixed workweek at all is becoming a bit of a luxury" in the paragraph next to the last? ______
A.People cannot afford to have a fixed workweek.
B.It's not worthwhile to have a fixed work schedule.
C.It's difficult to get a job with a fixed work schedule.
D.People cannot make a good living by having a fixed job.
Ⅴ.WORD DERIVATION Complete each of the following sentences with a (compound) word derived from the one (s) given in brackets. Write your word on the answer sheet.
1. I love the way little kids dress themselves. They're completely, ______ about how others perceive them. (free care)
carefree
2. If we act fast, we can once and for all prevent wild animals from suffering terrible ______. (cruel)
cruelty
3. Helen became very emotional—almost ______ when pressed to talk about her miserable experience. (tear)
tearful
4. It is ______ whether we can finish this task in time. (question)
questionable
5. In ______, my father takes up painting and gardening for relaxation. (retire)
retirement
6. The government was convinced that the bombers wanted to ______ away foreign investors. (fright)
frighten
7. Mr. Brown was once regarded as the president's closest political ______. (advise)
adviser/advisor
8. The threat of global warming will ______ force some developed countries to slow down their energy consumption. (eventual)
eventually
9. She had given me a(n) ______ list. One name was missing from it. (complete)
incomplete
10. One of my ______ sayings is "There is no smoke without fire."(favor)
favorite
Ⅵ.SENTENCE TRANSLATION Translate the following sentences into English and write your sentences on the answer sheet.
1. 我们尝试了多种办法帮助他摆脱困境,但都不奏效。
We tried many ways to help him out, but none of them worked.
2. 那个女孩在父母的鼓励下决定参加《中国好声音》(The Voice of China)比赛。
Encouraged by her parents, the girl has decided to participate in The Voice of China.
3. 他在会上发言支持同事们提出的反走私措施。
In the meeting, he supported the anti-smuggling measures proposed by his colleagues.
4. 出乎我们意料的是,他不仅找到了一份高薪的工作,还找到了一个不错的女朋友。
Contrary to our expectations, he has found not only a well-paid job, but also a nice girlfriend.
5. 最近几年,经常有电梯事故的报道见诸报端,谁应该为这些事故负责呢?
In recent years, elevator accidents have been frequently reported in the newspaper. Who should be responsible for these accidents?
Ⅶ.WRITING
1. Write a composition on the answer sheet in about 150 words, basing yourself on one of the texts you have learned. TOPIC: From the text "Go-Go Americans", what do you learn about Americans' attitude towards time and how does this attitude influence their life? You can use this outline: ● Point out Americans' attitude towards time; ● Give some examples to support this view; ● Make a brief comment on this view.
[范文] Americans believe that time is precious and should be saved carefully. They value time highly and do what they can to save time. This attitude towards time has affected their life greatly. For example, drivers are hurrying in the street and people are always in a rush. Time is divided into many segments and they strictly follow their schedules. In order to save time, Americans have invented a lot of time-saving devices, such as telex and telephone. They use telephone to conduct business, chat with friends and obtain information because it is quick. Businessmen don't take their partners out for dinner or have leisurely chats. They think it is a waste of time because the fulfillment of a job is not determined by the passage of time but by one's competence. Rapidity is always considered a priority. This view of time results in a nation of people with efficiency.