10. ______ difficult it is to surmount the obstacles, we're bound to achieve our goal.
A.As
B.How
C.So
D.However
A B C D
D
[考点] 本题考查让步状语从句的连接词的选择。
[解析] as引导让步状语从句时,常将从句的补语或状语置于句首,如:Difficult as it is to...;how意为“多么地”,常引导感叹句;so意为“因此,因而”;however意为“无论如何,不管怎样”,常引导让步状语从句。根据句意可知,D项正确。
11. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents ______ that they won't support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.
18. So forcefully ______ that we were all convinced.
A.he did speak
B.he spoke
C.did he speak
D.that he spoke
A B C D
C
[考点] 本题考查倒装句型。
[解析] 在so...that...结构中,如果把so置于句首,主句则要用倒装语序。such...that...的结构用法与so...that...相同。此外,否定词及含否定意义的词如little, few等,放于句首时句子也用倒装结构。如:Little does he know about it.“他对此几乎一无所知”。
19. When he was a boy, he used to go there and watch ______.
1. With an appropriate relative pronoun: (1)My brother speaks English fluently, ______ I don't. (2)He is a very capable manager, ______ none of his predecessors was.
which;which
[考点] 本题考查关系代词。
[解析] 引导非限制性定语从句时,关系代词用which。第一句中的which指代speak English frequently;第二句中的which指代very capable manager。
2. With a determiner: (1)John and I have ______ same hobby. (2)Not all these books are second-hand; ______ of them are new.
3. With an appropriate coordinator or subordinator: (1)______ the worker stopped for lunch, people were allowed to enter the building. (2)Mr. Clinton was a high school teacher for many years, ______ now he is teaching at the university.
4. With a proper unit noun: (1)I went to buy a ______ of China Daily. (2)I will be back in a ______ of days.
copy;couple
[考点] 本题考查单位名词。
[解析] a copy of newspaper意为“一份报纸”;a couple of days意为“几天”。
5. With an appropriate conjunct: (1)When used with care, transition words can enhance writing. ______, too many of them will soon weary your readers. (2)It rained heavily last night, ______ all the flowers are gone.
7. With a pronoun: (1)He found ______ annoying that his neighbour kept calling him by the wrong name. (2)Nancy is expecting another baby and hopes ______ will be a boy.
8. With an appropriate relative pronoun: (1)______ we all know, oil and water don't mix up. (2)This is the only dictionary ______ he often turns to for help.
As;that
[考点] 本题考查定语从句中关系代词的选择。
[解析] As we all know意为“众所周知”,为习惯用语,As在此引导定语从句,指代主句内容,即“水与油不相溶”。在定语从句中,当先行项由the only修饰时,关系代词用that。
9. With an appropriate modal verb: (1)Andy's flight from Montreal took more than 18 hours. He ______ be exhausted after such a long flight. (2)If you want to get a better feeling for how the city is laid out, you ______ walk downtown and explore the waterfront.
10. With WH-words: (1)—I'm going to Beijing this weekend. —______ for? (2)—______ come he's failed in the exam? —He's been absent from class for a whole month.
What;How
[考点] 本题考查疑问词。
[解析] What for询问原因,相当于why;How come意为“为什么,怎么会”,也相当于why,但以How come开头的问句仍是陈述句的语序。
Ⅳ.Rewrite the following sentences as required.
1. Using a question tag: There will be a sports meet at the end of this month.
There will he a sports meet at the end of this month, won't there?
2. Using inversion: You will have a good job only after you have got your PhD degree.
Only after you have got your PhD degree will you have a good job.
3. Using a negative imperative: Put the box somewhere in the storeroom.
Don't put the box anywhere in the storeroom.
4. Using discontinuity: I want to talk to him about the practicability of the research method in person.
I want to talk to him in person about the practicability of the research method.
5. Using a modal auxiliary: Perhaps he is the right person for the job.
He may be the right person for the job.
6. Using fronting: The firemen dashed into the burning house.
Into the burning house the firemen dashed.
7. Using passive voice: Did you send my package by EMS?
Was my package sent by EMS?
8. Using a modal verb: Am I not right in supposing this is the one you want?
Will this be the one you want?
9. Using cleaving for time adjunct: On October first, new China was founded.
It was on October first that new China was founded.
10. Using a YES-NO question: They went for a walk after supper yesterday evening.
Did they go for a walk after supper yesterday evening?
11. Using an appropriate cohesive device: He sold his old house and bought a new house the next day.
He sold his old house and bought a new one the next day.
12. Using a relative clause: The monsoon season occurs in Thailand every year. It causes heavy rains.
The monsoon season which/that causes heavy rains occurs in Thailand every year.
13. Using a question tag: Bob rarely got drunk.
Bob rarely got drunk, did he?
14. Using a command: You must be careful with your pronunciation.
Be careful with your pronunciation.
15. Using inversion: I have never been there before.
Never have I been there before.
Ⅴ.Answer the following questions.
1. What's the difference between regular passive and the pseudo-passive?
A pseudo-passive sentence is passive in form but active in meaning. Its ed-participle is adjectivalized so that it becomes a subject complement in the SVC structure. As an adjective, it can occur in a comparative construction, with a variety of prepositional phrases other than by-phrase, and with other link verbs besides be and get.
2. How is aspect related to time?
Aspect reflects the way in which the verb action is regarded or experienced with respect to time.
Ⅵ.Define the follwing terms with examples.
1. parallelism
Parallelism is in fact a kind of repetition—a special kind, as it were, for what is repeated is not a particular word or phrase, but the structure of a preceding sentence. The effect of this rhetorical device derives from its appeal to both audio and visual senses. e.g., Knowing how to study and Learning how to budget time are important for college students.
2. the non-finite verbs
The non-finite verbs are verbs that are not marked for tense or for subject-verb concord. There are three types of non-finite verbs: infinitive, -ing participle and -ed participle.
3. fronting
Fronting is a term which refers to the removal of an item from its unmarked post-subject position to the marked pre-subject position, e.g., This man over there people in the vicinity have a very low opinion of.
4. tag question
A tag question is a question that normally consists of a statement and a question tag. e.g., You went to see a film last night, didn't you?