Ⅰ. 重写句子Rewrite each of the following sentences according to the requirement in brackets.1. One bright summer morning the Sheep and the Rat were out on the river bank. They watched the world go by. (sentence with a modifying phrase)
One bright summer morning the Sheep and the Rat were out on the river bank, watching the world go by.
[解析] 本题要求把句子改写成含有一个修饰短语的句子。题目中的第二句可以转换为分词短语,来作状语修饰第一个句子。因为其逻辑主语和谓语动词之间是主动关系,故应使用动词的现在分词。
2. Ali won the game. He knocked out his opponent. His opponent was tough. (simple sentence)
Ali won the game by knocking out his tough opponent.
[解析] 本题考查将三个句子组合成一个简单句。根据简单句的特点,可以把第二句作为状语,第三句转换为第二句中opponent的定语,第一句仍作为整个句子的中心,意思不变。
3. China is second only to the U. S. A. in terms of GDP. China has overtaken Japan this year. (complex sentence)
After China has overtaken Japan this year, it is second only to the U. S. A. in terms of GDP.
[解析] 本题考查将两个句子组合成一个复合句。根据复合句定义,可将题目中第二句转换成从句而让首句作主句,用After引导从句。
4. I want neither your sympathy nor do I want your pity. (sentence with parallel structure)
I want neither your sympathy nor your pity.∥Neither do I want your sympathy nor do I want your pity.
[解析] 本题考查含平行结构的句子。“neither...nor...”前后须结构一致,要么同为平行词语,要么同为平行句子(若是句子,必须倒装)。
5. If the voters pass the measure, a new park will be built downtown. (loose construction)
A new park will be built downtown if the voters pass the measure.
[解析] 本题要求把句子改写成松散句。松散句的中心意思放在句首,其他成分放在句尾。因此可以把if条件句置于句尾,第二句提到句首,同时注意句子首字母大写。
6. They got lost in the jungle. John found a native. The native led them out of the wet, dark jungle. (compound-complex sentence)
They got lost in the jungle, but John found a native who led them out of the wet, dark jungle.
[解析] 本题考查将若干句子组合成并列复合句。通过分析各句之间的关系可以确定,前两句是转折关系,可用“but”连接构成并列句,而第三句则作为第二句中“native”的定语从句。
7. Many people go to work by bus. It is safe. It is environment-friendly. It is not expensive. (sentence with parallel structure)
Many people go to work by bus, because it is safe, environment-friendly and not expensive.
[解析] 本题考查把若干单句组合成含平行结构的句子。题目共四个分句,其中第二、三、四句是首句的原因,故用because连接;二、三、四句则可组成形容词的平行结构。
8. The package arrived in the morning. The courier(信使) left before I could check the contents. (compound-complex)
The package arrived in the morning, but the courier left before I could check the contents.
[解析] 本题要求把句子改写成并列复合句。第二句话本身已是复合句,且第二句和第一句是转折关系,因此可以直接用but将两句话连接起来,构成并列复合句。
9. After her parents died, she was sent to live with her aunt. (simple sentence)
She was sent to live with her aunt after her parents' death.
[解析] 本题考查将复合句转换成简单句。原复合句中的从句“After her parents died”可以转换成介词短语“after her parents' death”与主句相连,构成简单句。
10. I am willing to pay slightly higher taxes for the privilege of living in this country, considering the free health care, the low crime rates, and the wonderful winters. (periodic sentence)
Considering the free health care, the low crime rates, and the wonderful winters, I am willing to pay slightly higher taxes for the privilege of living in this country.
[解析] 本题要求把句子改写成掉尾句。掉尾句的中心意思放在句尾,修饰语放在句首。因此可以把伴随状语“considering the free health care, the low crime rates, and the wonderful winters”置于句首,同时注意considering的首字母要大写。
Ⅱ. 修改句子Correct the errors in the following sentences.1. We need to concentrate on our target audience. Namely women aged between 20 and 30.
We need to concentrate on our target audience, namely women aged between 20 and 30.
[解析] 本题考查破句的修改。本题是由增加细节引起的破句,可以将两个句子合并为一个句子,直接将第二个句子与第一个句子连接起来,两句之间用逗号隔开即可。
2. The rain became heavy. Making it impossible to continue with the game.
The rain became heavy, making it impossible to continue with the game.
[解析] 本题考查-ing分词引起的破句的修改。此类题可直接将-ing分词与前面句子连接。
3. I choose English as my major, he specializes in biology.
I choose English as my major, and he specializes in biology.
[解析] 本题考查串句的修改,根据串句的修改方法,本题可选择通过添加连接词使原题成为并列句的方法。
4. I prefer dancing to swim when it comes to entertainment.
I prefer dancing to swimming when it comes to entertainment.
[解析] 本题考查错误的平行结构。“prefer...to...”结构中,介词to前后要求连接相同词性或成分的词或结构,所以题目中“swim”应改成“swimming”。
5. Susan likes to swim in summer and skiing in winter.
Susan likes swimming in summer and skiing in winter.
[解析] 考查的是错误平行结构的修改。题目中“swim”和“ski”两词统一为分词形式或前接动词不定式“to”均可消除错误的平行。
Ⅳ. 重新组合段落1. Rearrange the following sentences so that they read logically. Write the corresponding letters in a proper sequence on the Answer Sheet. The positions of some sentences have been given.
A. After several conversations with salespeople, she then buys what she came into the store for in the first place, but all the while, my father has been reading a mystery in the car.
B. My father has grown to hate stores of all kinds.
C. My mother, on the other hand, has a somewhat more complicated approach.
D. As she does so, she draws up two mental lists—one of items that she can afford and the other of items she cannot.
E. His view is that one should go into a store, buy what one came for, and leave.
F. While she believes that one should enjoy oneself as much as possible while shopping, my father feels enjoyment and shopping are two different things.
G. She prefers to look carefully over every single item in the store.
H. The reason is quite simple, my mother loves them.
[解析] 通篇来看讲的是father和mother对购物的不同态度,因此开头应有一件事引出两人的不同态度,所以B应为句首,而H句则给出了B句的原因。E句写的是父亲的观点,因此其前可列举母亲的购物观点,则F句。G句写到母亲购物时的细节,与D句中的does so相呼应。与此同时,A句紧接D句内容,写出父亲在母亲购物时的举动。
Ⅴ. 划掉与段落内容无关的句子1. We have all used physical databases since our grammar school days. Grammar school is known today as grade school or elementary school. Our class year-books, telephone books, shoeboxes full of receipts documenting various bills we have paid—these are all databases in one form or another, for a database is nothing more than a collection of information organized to allow retrieval(取回)of that information in certain ways. Anyone who is well organized has a better chance of succeeding in college or in the business world.
We have all used physical databases since our grammar school days. Grammar school is known today as grade school or elementary school. Our class year-books, telephone books, shoeboxes full of receipts documenting various bills we have paid—these are all databases in one form or another, for a database is nothing more than a collection of information organized to allow retrieval (取回) of that information in certain ways. Anyone who is well organized has a better chance of succeeding in college or in the business world.
[解析] 本段话主要意思是:我们从上语法学校起就开始使用物理数据库了。语法学校在今天被称为年级学校或小学。我们的班级年鉴、电话簿和装满了收据的鞋盒——这些都是不同形式的数据库,因为一个数据库也不过是可以用某种方式取回整理好的信息的一种形式而已。有良好组织性的人会有更大的希望在大学或商业界中获得成功。本段主题是数据库的特点,而第二句和末句与此无关,故可删除。
Ⅵ. 写信1. Write a letter according to the following situation: You (Wang Dong) are a student from School of English and International Studies. You were impressed by the students' performance of Shake speare's play Macbeth(《麦克白》) at University of International Business and Economics and want to know more about drama. Write a letter to Prof. Su of the University to invite her to offer a lecture on Drama to your classmates. Prof. Su, with profound knowledge of this subject, has rich experience in arousing students' interest in drama by encouraging them to put on plays on campus. You will ask Prof. Su to decide the date to make the trip to your school. (150-200 words)
Mar.20, 2011
Dear Prof. Su,
I'm a student from School of English and International Studies. I was very much impressed by your students' performance of Shakespeare's play
Macbeth at University of International Business and Economics. To develop our classmates' interest in drama, we hope you could come to our school to offer a lecture on drama. As you have thorough knowledge and profound understanding of the subject, you could talk about whatever aspect that interests you. Or you would share your experience in arousing students' interest in drama by helping them with stage plays on campus. The successful performance of Shakespeare's play is a convincing example of students' good understanding of the play as the result of their enthusiastic participation. Please let us know as soon as possible if you can come and tell us when you can make the trip to our school.
Sincerely yours,
Wang Dong
[解析] 应用文包括的内容很多,有便条、信件、个人简历等,试卷上一般要求写信件的比较多。信件的格式是考查的重点之一。英文信函包括六个部分:写信人地址,收信人地址,称谓,正文,结束语和签名。在写信时需要注意的有如下几点:(1)英汉语书写地址的排列顺序不同;(2)在私信中,信笺里收信人的地址常被略去;(3)在私信中,称呼对方的名;在商用信函中,称呼对方的姓;(4)对不认识的人,或不知对方身份、性别的人的称呼用语;(5)商用信函和私人信件所用的结束语不同;(6)商用信函签名时,要在亲笔签名下用打字机打出自己的名字和身份;(7)若随信有附寄的东西,就写上“Enclosure(s)”或“Encl.”的字样,若有遗忘的事需要补写,就写上“P. S.”字样。这道题的要求是假设你是英语与国际问题研究学校的一名叫王冬的学生,你对国际商学与经济学院学生表演的话剧《麦克白》印象深刻,并且想有进一步的了解。你现在要写信给国际商学与经济学院的苏教授,希望她能给你的同学做一场有关话剧的报告。苏教授学识渊博,经验丰富,她通过鼓励学生在学校表演话剧来提起学生对话剧的兴趣。你可以请苏教授决定去你们学校的日程。这是一封私信,所以在信中可以省略写信人及收信人的地址,但是日期不可以省略。第一段简单介绍自己后开门见山地说明写信的目的,下面再展开叙述你为什么邀请苏教授来你们学校做报告,最后要写清楚你希望她早点确定来你们学校的具体时间。