ACorrect or improve the translation of the following English sentences. Write your revised versions on the Answer Sheet.9. public-service advertisements
10. a research university
ACorrect or improve the translation of the following English sentences. Write your revised versions on the Answer Sheet.1. 原文:The organization begins to feel a need to systematize its management of human
assets.
译文:该组织开始意识到将人力资源管理系统化的必要。
改译:
该组织开始意识到有必要将人力资源管理系统化。
[解析] 在译成汉语时将名词a need转换成动词结构“有必要”更符合汉语的表达习惯。
2. 原文:Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders.
译文:在影响髙等教育的众多力量中,任何其他力量都比跨国界迁移更加重要。
改译:
在影响髙等教育的众多力量中,跨国界迁移最为重要。
[解析] none is more…than…意为“没有比……更……”,强调than后面所接事物的最高程度。
3. 原文:He is a larger than life character—noisy, very friendly, and always joking.
译文:他是一个比现实中的自己更加伟大的人——说话滔滔不绝,待人亲切,喜欢开玩笑。
改译:
他性格活跃——说话滔滔不绝,待人亲切,喜欢开玩笑。
[解析] 习语larger than life意为“传奇的,不同凡响的”,结合语境此处译为“性格活跃”。
4. 原文:Always say “please” and try to remember some of the British bar staffs pet hates.
译文:要把“请”字挂在嘴边,并尽量记住英国酒保的宠物所讨厌的事情。
改译:
要把“请”字挂在嘴边,并尽量记住英国酒保最厌恶的一些事。
[解析] 习语pet hates意为“相对比较小的、但是却给人造成很大的挫折和阻力的令人讨厌的事”。
5. 原文:By the end of the 1980s, output per person in manufacturing was half as much again as it had been at the start of the decade.
译文:到二十世纪八十年代末,制造业的人均产量是八十年代初的一半。
改译:
到二十世纪八十年代末,制造业的人均产量比八十年代初增长了50%。
[解析] half as much again as意为“是……的一倍半;比……多一半”。
BCorrect or improve the translation of the following Chinese sentences. Write your revised versions on the Answer Sheet.1. 原文:要努力生产适销对路的名特优新产品和“拳头”产品打入国际市场。
译文:Make efforts to turn out premium and novel products or the so-called “hard-punch” items that can edge into foreign markets.
改译:
Efforts must be made to turn out premium and novel products or the so-called “hard-punch” items that can edge into foreign markets.
[解析] 原文中没有主语,翻译成英语时可以转换为以efforts为主语的被动句。
2. 原文:江苏的面积比新疆小,人口却比新疆多。
译文:Jiangsu's size is smaller than that of Xinjiang, but its population is bigger than that of Xinjiang.
改译:
Jiangsu is smaller than Xinjiang in size, but bigger in population.
[解析] 在英语中表达“在面积方面”和“在人口方面”可以用in size和in population;注意表达人口多少要用big和population搭配。
3. 原文:在伦敦,最大的韦斯特菲尔德购物中心安排了一系列迎春活动。
译文:In London, a series of activities for the Spring Festival was organized at Westfield, the largest shopping centre.
改译:
In London, a series of activities for the Spring Festival were organized at Westfield, the largest shopping centre.
[解析] 主语a series of activities是复数,按照主谓一致原则,谓语动词应该用复数形式were。
4. 原文:从去年到今年,我们先后三次出台调控措施,房价过快上涨势头有所遏制。
译文:Since last year, we’ve taken three successive readjustment measures and the tendency of excessive price growth has been pressed to some extent.
改译:
Since last year, we’ve taken three successive readjustment measures and the tendency of excessive price growth has been contained to some extent.
[解析] 名词price growth应该与动词contain“控制”搭配,表示“控制价格上涨”。
5. 原文:平均每27个塑料瓶可以加工成一件漂亮的套头毛线衫,每20个可乐瓶便可以做成一件夹克衫。
译文:On average, 27 plastic bottles are needed for a beautiful pullover, and 20 Cola bottles are needed for a jacket.
改译:
On average, 27 plastic bottles are needed for a beautiful pullover, and 20 Cola bottles for a jacket.
[解析] 前后两个半句均包含谓语are needed,所以后半句可以省略谓语动词are needed。
ATranslate the following underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.1. Life is like a train ride. We get on. We ride. We get off. We get back on and ride some more. There are accidents and there are delays. At certain stops there are surprises.
Some of these will translate into great moments of joy; some will result in profound sorrow.
它们或化作喜悦时刻,或以刻骨悲痛收场。
[解析] translate into在此句中意为“转化为……”而非“翻译”。
2. Camera enthusiasts love company, which is probably why the popularity of photo walks is on the rise. During these events, photographers gather, walk around a scenic area, and take pictures as they go.
It's a great way to get tips on how to take better pictures from experienced shutterbugs(摄影迷).
要想向资深摄影迷讨教如何拍出更好的照片,这是一个好办法。
[解析] to get tips on结合语境应译为“讨教”。
3.
Meanwhile, Pakistan is struggling with unprecedented flooding that has killed more than a thousand people and affected millions more. In China, flash floods have so far killed more than a thousand people and destroyed more than a million homes. On a smaller scale, European countries have also suffered serious flooding.
同时,巴基斯坦正与一场导致一千多人死亡、数百万人受灾的空前洪水作斗争。
[解析] that has killed more than a thousand people and affected millions more.在原文中是后置定语,翻译成汉语成应转换为前置定语。
4.
The situation of women in the labour market, in spite of their overall high level of education, is characterized by a concentration of women in public sectors. Besides, there exists a disparity in payment between women and men in both the public and private sectors.
尽管妇女总体教育水平较高,但在劳工市场中她们主要集中于公共部门。
[解析] in spite of their overall high level of education是插入的让步状语从句,翻译成汉语时应前置,使其符合汉语表达习惯。
5. There is a small Chinatown at the heart of the theatre and cinema district in Soho.
A pedestrian street has Chinese gateways given by the Hong Kong business community, plus traditional lion statues and a monument. Shops and restaurants supply mixtures of Chinese and western food.
那是一条步行街,街上有香港商界捐赠的中国式牌楼,还有传统的狮子雕像和纪念碑。
[解析] 原文中A pedestrian street是主语,翻译成汉语时可以译成单独的短句。
BTranslate the following underlined sentences into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.1. 产生于家庭关系基础之上的伦理规范,更在数千年的历史中成为中国人治理国家的“典范”。可以说,家文化是中国文化的“基因”。
只有读懂了家文化,才能读懂中国人。
You will not truly understand the Chinese people unless you understand their family culture.
[解析] “只有……才……”可以用not…unless…结构进行表达。
2. “舞动的北京”是一方中国之印。
这方“中国印”镌刻着一个有着十三亿人口和五十六个民族的国家对于奥林匹克运动的誓言。
The Chinese Seal/ It is engraved with commitment made to the Olympic Movement by a country that has 56 ethic groups and a population of 1.3 billion.
[解析] “有着十三亿人口和五十六个民族的国家对于奥林匹克运动的”是“誓言”的定语,翻译成英语时可以用被动语态和两个定语从句表达。
3. “制造”快乐就像酿酒,你必须找配方,学会慢慢品。
把一些美好的东西重拾,把一些不愉快的事情忘记,快乐离自己就近了。
You are close to happiness when you recall something good and forget something bad.
[解析] 原文中缺少主语,翻译时要根据语境增补主语you。
4. 近年来,经济全球化持续深入发展。
特别值得注意的是,当前的多双边经济合作不仅仅局限于传统的贸易领域,投资议题已成为一个重点和热点问题。
It's noteworthy that multilateral or bilateral economic cooperation at this stage goes beyond a traditional trade issue.
[解析] “特别值得注意的是”可以用形式主语it's noteworthy that…进行翻译。
5. 对于基础阶层来说缺乏必要的“兜底”。
同国民经济发展幅度相比,中国的社会保障事业以及社会转移支付表现出一种明显滞后的情形。
China's social security undertakings and its social transfer payments are obviously lagging behind the development of its national economy.
[解析] 比较状语“同国民经济发展幅度相比”在翻译时可以转换为lag behind的宾语the development of its national economy。
ATranslate the following passage into Chinese.Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.1. We always wanted our daughter to be vegan(严格素食主义者)but, at first, we were unsure about how to go about it. I feel very strongly when it comes to the ethics of veganism—we wanted our child to be compassionate and were also aware of the health benefits of this diet.
It wasn't hard to make the switch. We did it when Harley was four months old. Harley craves lots of fruit and vegetables. We have tried her with mock meats but she isn't really keen on them, so we tend to give her a plant-based diet. In terms of how we will explain it all to her when she's older, we just plan on educating her about why we don't eat meat. As parents we hope she stays vegan but that's ultimately down to her.
[参考译文]
我们一直希望女儿成为一个严格素食主义者,可是起初我们也拿不准该如何去做。关于素食主义理念,我自己有明确的看法:我们希望孩子有慈悲心,而且我们也知道素食利于健康。
变成素食者并不困难。哈莉四个月大时,我们就培养她吃素食。哈莉特别爱吃水果和蔬菜。我们曾尝试让她吃些素肉食品,可她并不是特别爱吃,于是我们就常常给她植物性食物。至于她长大后怎样向她解释这一切,我们只是打算跟她说明我们为什么不吃肉。作为父母,我们希望她能保持严格素食主义,但这最终还得由她自己来决定。
[解析] ①be unsure about意为“对……不确定,拿不准”;②go about意为“着手做,从事”;③feel very strongly直译为“感觉非常强烈”,根据语境此处译为“有明确的看法”更贴切;④when it comes to意为“当提到,就……而论”;⑤make the switch意为“做出转变”,结合语境可知此处指“变成素食者”;⑥代词it代指上一句中的make the switch,即“变成素食者”,所以此处译为“培养她吃素食”;⑦try sb. with sth.意为“让某人尝试某物”;⑧keen on意为“喜爱,热衷于……”;⑨plant-based diet意为“植物性饮食”;⑩be ultimately down to sb意为“最终由某人决定”。
BTranslate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.1. 退休是一种贡献,有其特殊的价值和意义。从原来的岗位上退下来,既空出了职务,又空出了职称,让较为年轻的同志补上去,这不是一种贡献?譬如我,原系大学教授,研究生导师,学科带头人,还有其他一些职务。如今一退,名额的紧张状况便可缓和一点,提拔年轻学子的机会就增多一点,梯队建设规划(plan for team building)即可顺利付诸实施。若能真正地认识这一点,便可获得一种充实感和欣慰感。
[参考译文]
Retirement has its contributions with special value and significance. When a person retires, his/her position and academic title will become available again, so that a younger person may take them up. Isn't that a contribution? Take me for example, I was a professor from a university, a supervisor of postgraduate students, a leader in my field of research and so on. Now that I have retired, shortage of academic positions in my university can be eased a bit; some younger scholars may have one more opportunity of promotion, and the university plan for team building can be implemented smoothly. Those who come to see this point may have a feeling of living a full and satisfied life.
[解析] ①“从原来的岗位上退下来”即“退休”,可以用包含动词retire的时间状语从句when a person retires表示;②“职务”应译为position,“职称”应译为academic title;③“让……”与上文是一种承接关系,可以用so that结构表示,而不能用let或make;④“这不是一种贡献?”应译为反义疑问句;⑤“原系”在翻译时应该用过去时态;⑥“如今一退”在翻译时应该用现在完成时态,即now that I have retired;⑦“年轻学子”并非指学生,而是指能继任老师岗位的年轻学者,所以译为younger scholars;⑧“充实感和欣慰感”可以意译为a feeling of living a full and satisfied life;⑨原句中缺少主语,在翻译时可以用代词加定语从句作主语,即Those who come to see this point。