ⅠRead the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET. ⅡGive a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET.1. What was one of the most far-reaching consequences of the Second World War to Britain?
It hastened the end of Britain's empire.
2. Who is the current heir to the British throne according to law and convention?
The heir to the British throne is Prince Charles, the eldest son of Queen Elizabeth IL.
3. What kind of service does the National Health Service (NHS) provide in the U.K.?
NHS provides for every resident, regardless of income, a full range of medical services.
4. What does Oxbridge stand for?
It stands for universities of Oxford and Cambridge dating back from the 12th and 13th centuries.
5. What is the major difference between the Puritans and the Pilgrims in American colonial times?
The Puritans were wealthy, well-educated gentlemen while the Pilgrims were artisans and peasants.
6. What important proclamation did President Lincoln issue to make the Civil War a just one?
President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation during Civil War.
7. What is the basic instrument of American government and the supreme law of the land?
The Constitution of the United States is the basic instrument of American government and the supreme law of the land.
8. What is America's most important patriotic holiday?
Independence Day is America's most important patriotic holiday.
9. What is the name of the radio educational system through which children learn their lessons in Australia?
The name is School of the Air.
10. Politically how many states and territories does Australia have?
Australia is politically divided into six states and two territories.
ⅢExplain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET in around 40 words. 1. Black Death
Black Death was the modem name given to the deadly bubonic plague, an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas.It spread through Europe in the 14th century, particularly in 1347一1350.It Swept through England in the summer of 1348 without warning and, most importantly, without any cure.It did not spare its victims, rich or poor, and death was swift and very painful. It killed between one half and third of the population of England.
2. Civil List
The expenditure arising from the public duties of the British monarch is met by the Civil List,an annual grant agreed upon by the Parliament,to cover the royal families’ expenditure on the salaries and expenses of the Royal Household.
3. The U.S. Presidency
The U.S. Presidency is the elected head of state and head of government of the United States. The Constitution requires the President at least 35 years of age. The presidential election is held every four years. The president starts his official duties with an inauguration ceremony.
4. The Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis was confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union concerning Soviet ballistic missile deployment in Cuba. In 1962, the Soviet Union sent both offensive and defensive medium and intermediate missiles with warheads to Cuba and started building missile sites there. President Kennedy finally decided on the use of naval force to prevent military material and arms from getting into Cuba and demanded the removal of the missiles. Then Khrushchev backed down and accepted American conditions.