Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.
2. "______" means "to have, show confidence or pride in one's worth, good character, ability, .etc".
A.To ride one's high horse
B.To keep a straight face
C.Not to bat an eyelid
D.To hold one's head high
A B C D
D
本题主要考查关于言谈举止的英语成语。 英语成语与英语文化密切相关,英语成语的意思不能按字面意思来解释。“to ride one's high horse”指“趾高气扬的,骄傲的,自豪的”;“to keep a straight face”指“憋住笑或不露笑容:即使感觉到好笑、疑虑、不信任等,也不表示出来”。“not to bat an eyelid”指“对于发生的非同一般的事不表示惊讶、关心或警觉”;“to hold one's head high”表示“对自己的价值、素质、能力等的自信”。因此,D项符合题意。
3. The idiomatic expression "to move heaven and earth to do something" can be translated into "______".
A.费了九牛二虎之力
B.进退两难
C.坐失良机
D.昙花一现
A B C D
A
本题主要考查英语成语。 英语成语与英语文化密切相关,英语成语的意思不能按字面意思来解释。“to move heaven and earth to do something”与汉语里的“费了九牛二虎之力”以及“连吃奶的劲儿都使上了”意思比较接近。
4. The proverb "Pride goes before a fall." is derived from ______.
A.Christianity
B.the Bible
C.Greco-Roman Civilization
D.geographic knowledge
A B C D
B
本题主要考查英语谚语的来源。 《圣经》是最广为阅读的书之一,也是包括讲英语的国家在内的西方世界最有影响力的宗教作品。其中的警句、格言已经成为谚语的一个重要组成部分。Pride goes before a fall意为“骄傲是失败的前导”,是来自圣经的谚语。
5. A ______ is an implied comparison between two or more unlike things.
A.taboo
B.simile
C.metaphor
D.honourific
A B C D
C
本题主要考查隐喻的概念。 隐喻是两个或多个不同事物之间的含蓄对比。
6. In English ______ is usually associated with unhappy feelings.
A.red
B.white
C.black
D.blue
A B C D
D
本题主要考查颜色词的联想意义。 在英语中,蓝色(blue)常表示不愉快的感觉。
7. The English equivalent for "眼红" is "______".
A.a white hope
B.grey-headed
C.pinkeye
D.green-eyed
A B C D
D
本题主要考查颜色词的联想意义。 在英语中,绿色常与嫉妒有关。green with envy, green eyed monsters和green-eyed都指嫉妒,但汉语中却常用“眼红”和“害了红眼病”来比喻嫉妒。
8. The English equivalent for "精力充沛的" is "______".
A.red blooded
B.red handed
C.red alert
D.red hunter
A B C D
A
本题主要考查颜色词的翻译。 red handed是“现行犯的”,red alert是“空袭紧急警报”,red hunter是“迫害共产主义者的人”,只有red blooded是“精力充沛的”意思。
9. ______ are pleasant, polite or harmless sounding words or expressions used to mask harsh, rude or infamous truths.
10. In the United States, the black people are often referred to as "______" in which the colour of their skin that caused them troubles and sufferings is not mentioned in English euphemisms.
A.niggers
B.Negroes
C.the black
D.African Americans
A B C D
D
主要考查英语中的委婉语。 许多英语委婉语用于指社会地位低下的人。在美国,黑人过去常被白人种族主义者称为niggers。在那时,Negroes就是委婉语,继而被the black people取而代之。现在他们常被称为African Americans,这一委婉语掩饰了过去曾给他们带来许多灾难和痛苦的皮肤颜色。
11. "久仰" can be translated into "______".
A.You're very famous
B.I've heard a lot about you
C.You're well-known
D.I'm glad to meet you here
A B C D
B
本题主要考查对敬语的了解。 “久仰”可以被翻译成“I've heard a lot about you”,“Your name is well-known here to us”。
12. In educational settings "depends on others to do his/her work" is often preferred to "______".
A.cheats in exams
B.fails to do one's homework
C.fails to do one's schoolwork well
D.cheats in class
A B C D
D
本题主要考查委婉语的用法。 委婉语也常用于教育领域。为避免伤害学生和家长的感情,一些教师或教育工作者在谈及学生时,一般采用一些能够起到积极作用的表达方式,而不使用那些有消极作用的词语。the student who cheats in class(弄虚作假的学生)被称作one who depends on others to do his/her work(靠别人做自己功课的学生)。
13. "Sanitary engineer" is the euphemistic expression for "______".
Ⅱ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. These might be more than one correct answer.
1. "A Pandora's box" refers to a present or something ______.
A.which brings happiness but looks ugly
B.which looses a swarm of evils upon mankind
C.which can create anything its owner wants
D.which seems valuable but brings misfortune
A B C D
BD
本题主要考查英语中的神话典故。 a Pandora's box(潘多拉的盒子):大量灾难的来源,源于主神送给潘多拉的一个盒子。主神禁止她打开这个盒子,一旦她出于好奇打开这个盒子,就会释放出许多邪恶,危害人类。
Ⅲ. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.
1. It has been claimed that English texts develop in a ______ fashion, while Chinese ones develop in a spiral way.
linear
2. "Pay one's debt to nature" is the euphemism for ______.
death
3. The English equivalent of "内人" is "______".
my wife
4. "Beautician" can be used as a euphemism for "______".
hair dresser
5. "In the black" has a good meaning in ______ English.
business
6. ______ meat is simply beef and mutton
Red
7. In an English letter, the receiver's address is put ______ the date.
below
8. English speakers prefer to have prolonged ______ contact while conversing.
eye
9. ______ refers to communication in which words or speech sounds are not used.
Nonverbal communication
10. "I'm charmed by her" illustrates the metaphor that "Love is ______."
magic
Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly.
1. What does "a nine to five job" mean?
It means regular work done by an employee, especially in an office, shop, or factory.
2. What does the expression "a white lie" mean?
It means a lie that does no harm and is merely more convenient or polite than telling the truth.
3. What are the five styles of language identified by Martin Joos?
The five styles of language are frozen, formal, consultative, casual and intimate.
4. What is the definition of the word "advertising" ?
Advertising can be defined as "the non-personal communication usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about products, service or ideas by identified sponsors through different media".
Ⅴ. Translation.
1. God help those who help themselves.
自助者天助之。
2. Even reckoning makes long friends.
明算账,友谊长。
3. The greatest artist of the first half of this century has long last gone the way of all flesh.
本世纪上半叶最伟大的艺术家永远地走了。
4. 功利婚姻
a marriage of convenience
5. 他力大如牛。
He is as strong as a horse.
6. 赌博、女人和酒使男人在笑声中消瘦。
Gaming, women and wine, while they laugh, they make men pine.
Ⅵ. Discuss the following topics.
1. What is an idiom? And why are idioms hard for Chinese learners of English to understand and harder for them to use properly?
An idiom is a construction, expression, etc. having a meaning different from the literal one or not according to the usual patterns of the language. Idioms are difficult to learn because their meaning is unpredictable and their patterns may be unusual. Moreover, they are culture rich items. To learn them means to learn not only language but also the under-lying culture. These are the reasons why idioms are hard to understand and harder to use correctly.
2. What are terms of humility? And what are the cross-cultural differences between English and Chinese in terms of humility?
Terms of humility are those expressions used to show the speaker's modesty. To sound modest and humble, which is important to Chinese people, one might have to use terms of humility to refer to one-self, one's relatives and one's belongings. So in Chinese terms of humility are large in number and are used quite frequently in interpersonal communication. English speakers value highly familiarity and therefore do not need many terms of humility in verbal communication.