Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.
1. Intercultural communication is ______ in nature.
17. "John does well in school. Furthermore, he takes an active part in the social work. " The logical relationship between the sentences is ______.
A.additive
B.adversative
C.causal
D.temporal
A B C D
A
本题主要考查毗邻的两个句子之间的关系。 附加关系(additive relations)指后一句子对前一句子添加补充信息。能够表示附加关系的语篇连接词有and,either,further,or,in the same way,by contrast,and also,in addition,besides,for instance,namely,on the other hand等。
18. The word in British English for "电车" is ______.
Ⅱ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer.
1. An American professor has prepared a letter of recommendation for his student, and his student is expected to say "______".
A.Thank you very much
B.I feel so sorry that it has taken you so much time
C.I feel so sorry that it has caused you so much trouble
D.I really appreciate your help
A B C D
AD
主要考查英文里的致谢用语。 英语中最常用的致谢用语有Thank you very much, I really appreciate your help等。
2. The proverbs "______" are related to navigation.
本题主要考查地域方言。 一个国家的语言可能有几种地域方言。美国英语中有新英格兰方言(New England dialect)、南部方言(Southern dialect)、纽约方言(New York dialect)和标准美语(General American)等。
10. When English speakers part, they usually say "______".
A.Stay here, please
B.So long
C.See you later
D.Good-bye
A B C D
BCD
本题主要考查对英语中辞别语的理解。 讲英语的人在分手时常说:Goodbye,Bye-bye,So long,See you later/tomorrow/on the next Monday。因此,B、C、D项符合题意。
Ⅲ.
1. Since language represents thought, it is influenced and ______ by thought.
shaped
2. The equivalent of "busywork" in Chinese is ______.
耗时又无价值的工作
3. It is often said that English is a language with ______ grammar and Chinese a language with implicit grammar.
explicit
4. High school means ______ school.
middle or secondary
5. In business English, "in the ______" is equivalent to running a business profitably.
black
6. Which of the words in the sentence "There are too many facts here for me to digest them all. " is a metaphor? ______.
digest
7. The English expression equivalent to "拜访" is "______".
pay a visit
8. The English idiom "______" is an equivalent for "平淡如水" in Chinese.
milk and water
9. It is safe to say that Chinese advertising as a whole tends to be more ______ than English advertising.
formal
10. ______ territory refers to the space that exclusively belongs to its owner.
Primary
Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly.
1. How do you understand the English compound "free love" ?
"Free love" refers to the practice of living openly with one of the opposite sex without marriage. Its equivalent in Chinese is "公开同居",which is quite different in meaning from "自由恋爱".
2. What is connotative meaning?
Connotative meaning is the communicative value an expression has in addition to the purely conceptual meaning.
3. What is the difference between "similes" and "metaphors" ?
Similes and metaphors are different in that the function words "like" and "as" are used in similes rather than in metaphors.
4. How is nonverbal communication related to culture?
As verbal language is strongly influenced by culture, nonverbal communication systems are shaped by culture. In each culture, a unique nonverbal communication system can be found.
Ⅴ. Translation.
1. He breathed his last during the night.
他晚上咽气了。
2. England is the ringing island.
英国是充满钟声的岛屿。
3. Tell money after your own father.
父子也要清账。
4. 黑市
black market
5. 伟人并非事事聪明。
Great men are not always wise.
6. 与国王同姓的不都是皇亲。
All Stuarts are not sib to the king.
Ⅵ. Discuss the following topics.
1. What cross-cultural differences can you find between English and Chinese thanks?
Differences exist in what to thank for, how to thank others and whom to thank. English speakers usually express their gratitude for both minor and major favours others have done them, while Chinese speakers may omit the expressions of gratitude for minor favours. English speakers think it enough to say "Thank you very much. I really appreciate your help." when a major favour has been done them, while in the same situation Chinese speakers may express their gratitude repeatedly. In English culture people thank their family members for what they have done for them, while in Chinese culture family members seldom exchange expressions of gratitude.
2. Why there are differences in spelling between American English and British English?
The differences in spelling between American and British English resulted from different spelling re-form policies adopted in the U. S. A. and the U. K. It seems that the Americans adopted a more radical spelling reform policy than the Englishmen. We know that English is a language notorious for the non-correspondence between pronunciation and spelling. A letter or a combination of letters may be pronounced in different ways when they occur in different words. The Englishmen seemed to tolerate this non-correspondence to a greater degree than the Americans. The Englishmen tend to naturalize the pronunciation but retain the spelling of the loan words. When the spelling of the loan words is changed, the change is usually a minor one. However,the Americans tend to naturalize the spelling of the words that demonstrate severe non-correspondence between pronunciation and spelling.