6. Tiger Woods is the name of a young American golfer. He set a record in the 1997 Master's Tournament. He surprised all the veterans. He was 22 at the time. (long sentence)
Tiger Woods, a young American golfer, surprised all the veterans when he set a record in the 1997 at the age of 22.
[解析] 原句由四个简单句构成,要求合并为一个长句。阅读题干后发现,四句话都有一个相同的主语,合并时要以此为切入点把句子能合并就合并,能省略就省略。第一句可以改为主语的同位语形式,第四句可以改为一个介词短语at the age of 22来表示时间,第三、四句改为一个包含when的时间状语从句的复合句来表示主要意思。
7. He made a new invention His invention made long-distance communication possible. (one simple sentence)
His new invention made long-distance communication possible.
2. Many large department stores issue credit cards to their customers can be used to make purchases at a particular store.
Many large department stores issue their customers credit cards which can be used to make purchases at a particular store.
[解析] 本题错误在于一个句子出现了两个不并列的谓语动词。根据句意,是信用卡能被用来购买东西,即改正的方法是将句子的后半部分can be used to make purchases at a particular store变成一个定语从句来修饰先行词credit cards。本题变化时需要将这部分转化为非限制性定语从句,否则会让人误认为该部分修饰的是位置靠近定语从句的customers。
3. Our mayor is young, energetic, and she is also frugal.
1. Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. A. As tourists, people are expected to learn the traffic rules in a foreign land. B. As tourists, people are allowed to break the minor rules in a foreign land. C. It's hard to develop universal traffic rules. D. There seems to be a growing need for all countries to adopt a set of international traffic rules. Answer: ______
2. Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. Camping is a popular form of recreation in the United States and Canada. For most kinds of camping, you need equipment. In this picture, two campers are setting up an umbrella tent. The tent will protect them from the cold, the wind and the rain, and insects. Other people are cooking with a small gas stove. This kind of camping stove is safe and easy to use. There are two hikers carrying backpacks. Their sleeping bags are light but warm.
For most kinds of camping, you need equipment.
[解析] 本题第一句话引出camping这种休闲方式,可以看做是一句introduction。第二句是主题句,主题为camping,限定词为need equipment。下文中分别提到an umbrella tent,a small gas stove,backpacks,sleeping bags,是对equipment的阐述。
3. Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. Topic Sentence: ______ Many Americans fear that foreign investors in this country want to take over the American economy from the inside. But in reality, things don't work that way. Of the trillion dollars in foreign investments in this country, three-quarters are in bank deposits or securities-that is, in paper only. Foreign-owned businesses in the U.S., such as hamburger chains and hotels, generate jobs and new growth because they are totally dependent on the local population for staffing and customers. Americans are the ones who must be sought after as workers, renters, tourists, and patrons. Throughout its history, the U.S. has relied on foreign capital to finance a great deal of its development, but this has never stood in the way of our democracy. A. Foreign-owned businesses in America need Americans. B. There's no need for Americans to fear foreign influence in this country. C. Most of the foreign investment in this country is on paper, not in cash. D. Americans are in constant fear that foreign investors might stand in the way of American democracy.
Ⅳ.重新组合段落 Rearrange the following numbered sentences so that they will read logically. Put the numbers in proper sequence in the boxes provided below.
1. In fact REM sleep is more like active wakefulness than it is like non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM). 20. It is known that there are different types of sleep. 21. There is considerable movement in the muscles of the face, arms and legs and of course, bursts of rapid eye movement, whereas NREM sleep involves almost no activity. 22. This was established in 1953 when rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was discovered. 23. REM sleep is characterized by a high level of bodily activity. 24. NREM sleep does, however, seem to be associated with pure rest since this is the kind of sleep which occurs after periods of tiring activity or long periods of sleeplessness. 25. REM sleep was studied by means of tests made on the nervous system, and it was discovered that this type of sleep was not a period of complete rest. 26. There are higher heart and respiration rates than in NREM sleep and the oxygen consumption of the brain is also much greater.
23
19
21
20
22
23
19
21
26
25
24
[解析] 阅读选项后不难看出本段作者讲述的话题是睡眠,作者讲述了两种睡眠REM和NREM。并且我们也不难看出,全段是以比较对比中的点对点的方法展开的,即REM中的一个方面和NREM中的对应点进行比较。全篇只有20句(different types of)最宽泛、最具概括性,故把它作为主题句位于段首。22句中,this指20句的different types of sleep。21、26句是两个独立的比较点,即在一句话当中进行比较,25、24句合在一起才是一个完整的比较点。
Ⅴ.标出与段落内容无关的句子 Read the following paragraph and cross out the TWO irrelevant sentences.
1. In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as awareness of those mistakes increases. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes. The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. In this condition, we should pay more attention to mistakes. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying "I do it" to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by interacting with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say "I'll do it". The resulting discrepancy can serve as a basis for the student to modify his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to interact in the first place would lose this opportunity to learn by trial and error.
In this condition, we should pay more attention to mistakes.
[解析] 译文:要学好一门外语需要克服怕犯错误的恐惧心理。如果说语言应用的首要目标是交流,那么错误就是次要的需要考虑的事情,它可以随着对错误意识的增强而不断克服。另一方面,学生们不应忽视他们的错误,可以观察说母语的人怎样表达,地道的表达方式与自己的表达方式有何区别。(在这种条件下,我们要对错误给予更多重视)。例如,一个说西班牙语的人说“I do it”表达在近期做某事的意愿。当他与英语为母语的人交流时会发现英语国家的人一般会说“I'll do it。”这种差异将使语言学习者修改他对英语一般现在时的应用。但如果学习者不愿与母语国家的人交流,那他将失去通过实验和错误去学习的机会。本文讲述的主要观点是要克服学习语言时怕犯错误的心理,而第五句是要求人们重视错误的作用,与题目篇章中心议题大相径庭,所以删除。
Ⅵ.写信
1. Your high school friend, Wang Ning, was admitted to the English Department, Fudan University. You (Gao Dan) write him or her a letter of congratulations, in which you tell him/her: (1) how happy you were to hear the news; (2) how proud you felt for his/her acceptance by such a prestigious university; (3) what you think he/she will achieve at college and what you think he/she needs to do at present. (150~200 words)
Oct. 20, 2006 Dear Wang Ning: I am very, very pleased that you were accepted by the English Department of Fudan University. You can't imagine how happy I was when I heard the news. I just couldn't wait to share it with all our high school friends and teachers. Congratulations! Only a small number of applicants can boast of that honor. Even Fudan University would be thankful to have you if they knew that two universities abroad had offered you a full four-year tuition scholarship. Wow, admitted by three universities! What luck! Of course, I know you owe all your success to years of hard work and perseverance. I'm proud of you. I'm sure with your intelligence and perseverance you'll do well in whichever of the three universities. But right now you deserve a well-earned rest. Relax a little before college begins. A trip to Tibet is, perhaps, not a bad idea now that the Qinghai-Tibet railway is completed. My congratulations again! All the best, Gao Dan
[解析] 本题要求写出一封祝贺信,题目本身已经给出了考生的写作内容及思路,考生一定要认真阅读,切不可随意发挥。 Useful expressions: (1) congratulations! (2) I am very pleased to hear that/to know that... (3) I just couldn't wait to share it with... (4) What luck! I'm proud of you. (5) My congratulations again!