Ⅰ.CAREFUL READING Read the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage 1 Some time ago I discovered that one of the chairs in my front hall had a broken leg. I didn't foresee any great difficulty in getting it mended, as there are a whole lot of antique shops in the Pimlico Road which is three minutes' walk from my flat, so I set forth one morning carrying the chair with me, I went into the first shop confidently, expecting a friendly reception, with a kindly man saying, "What a charming chair, yes, that's quite a simple job, when would you want it back?" I was quite wrong. The man I approached wouldn't look at it. I wasn't too concerned; after all, it was only the first try and there were many more shops on both sides of the road. The reaction at the second shop, though slightly politer, was just the same, and at the third and the fourth so I decided that my approach must be wrong. I entered the fifth shop with some confidence because I had concocted a plan. I placed the chair gently on the floor so as not to disturb the damaged leg and said, "Would you like to buy a chair?" The rather fierce proprietor looked it over carefully and said, "Yes, not a bad little chair, how much do you want for it?" "£20," I said. "OK," he said, "I'll give you £20." "It's got a slightly broken leg," I said. "Yes, I saw that, it's nothing, don't worry about it." Everything was going according to plan and I was getting excited. "What will you do with it?" I asked. "Oh, it will be very saleable once the repair is done. I like the bit of old green velvet on the top. I shall leave that, yes, very saleable." "I'll buy it," I said. "What do you mean? You've just sold it to me," he said. "Yes; I know but I've changed my mind; as a matter of fact it is just what I'm looking for. I've got a pair to it at home. I'll give you 27 quid for it." "You must be crazy," he said; then suddenly the penny dropped and he smiled and said, "I know what you want, you want me to mend your chair." "You're plumb right," I said. "And what would you have done if I had walked in and said 'Would you mend this chair for me?'" "I wouldn't have done it," he said, "we don't do repairs, not enough money in it, but I'll mend this for you. Shall we say a fiver?" He was a very nice man and thought the whole episode rather funny.
Passage 2 Somebody ought to defend the workaholic. These people are unjustly accused, abused, and defamed, often termed sick or morbid (病态的). One third of American business and commerce is carried on the shoulders of workaholics. The ratio might exist in art and science too. Workaholics are achievers. There is a national conspiracy against excellence undue admiration of commonness and mediocrity (平庸). It is as though we are against those who make uncommon sacrifices because they enjoy doing something. Some popular psychologists say that the workaholic has an inferiority complex which leads to overcompensation. This is certainly not the case. Inferiority, or low esteem, describes laziness more accurately than it describes dedication. We do not seem to realize that very little excellence is achieved by living a well-balanced life. Edison, Ford, Einstein, Freud all had single-minded devotion to work whereby they sacrificed many things, including family and friendship. The accusation is made that workaholics bear guilt by not being good parents or spouses. But guilt can exist in the balanced life also. Consider how many "normal" people find, at middle age, that they have never done anything well they are going to settle for less than what they could have become.
1. From this passage we know that workaholic is a term referring to those ______.
A.who enjoy work more than anything else
B.who make greater contributions than others
C.who make uncommon sacrifices in their personal life
D.all of the above
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。“从文中可以知道,工作狂一词指的是什么人?”D选项是正确答案。文中第二段提到Workaholics are achievers...they enjoy doing something;A选项“比起其他事情来,喜欢工作”;B选项“做的贡献比别人大”;C选项“在个人生活中作出了不同寻常的牺牲”,三个选项都不全面。答案为D。
2. The author's main concern in this passage is to ______.
A.point out the role the workaholic plays in the American economy
B.defend people who are addicted to work
C.encourage us not to worry about our imperfection
D.consider the difficulties that confront us at middle age
5. According to the author, one can hardly achieve excellence unless one ______.
A.lives an abnormal life
B.sacrifices friendship and family
C.had total devotion to work
D.ignores popular opinions
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。“根据作者观点,一个人除非怎么样才能达到优秀?”C选项“完全投入工作”,是正确答案。文中第四段提到Edison, Ford, Einstein, Freud all had single-minded devotion to work;A选项“过着不正常的生活”;B选项“牺牲友谊和家庭”;D选项“忽略流行的观念”。答案为C。
Passage 3 One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one's mistakes. It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like "I was wrong about that," and it is even harder to say, "I was wrong, and you were right about that." I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago. He told me he had been the manager of a certain grocery store in the neighborhood where I grew up, and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons. Then he related an incident and I began to remember vaguely the incident he was describing. I was about eight years old at the time, and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly grocery shopping. On that particular day, I must have found my way to the dairy food department where the incident took place. There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs in dozen and half dozen cartons. The cartons were stacked three or four feet high. I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks. Just then a woman came by pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons. For some reason, I decided it was up to me to put the display back together, so I went to work. The manager heard the noise and came rushing over to see what had happened. When he appeared, I was on my knees inspecting some of the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken, but to him it looked as though I were the culprit. He severely reprimanded me and wanted me to pay for the broken eggs. I protested my innocence and tried to explain, but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident, apparently the manager did not.
1. How old was the author when he wrote this article?
A.About 8.
B.About 15.
C.About 18.
D.About 23.
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。“当作者写这篇文章的时候多大?”D选项“大约23”,是正确答案。文中第二段说I had an experience...years ago和第三段说I was about eight years old at the time,可见当时作者23岁左右。答案为D。
2. The stacks of cartons were actually knocked off by ______.
A.the author
B.the manager
C.a woman customer
D.the author's mother
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。“事实上一摞摞蛋盘是被谁撞倒的?”C选项“一位女顾客”,是正确答案。文中第三段说Just then...the stacks of cartons。答案为C。
4. The word "culprit" (Para. 4) may be replaced by ______.
A.fool
B.clown
C.thief
D.wrongdoer
A B C D
D
[解析] 词义推断题。“第四段中的culprit意思是什么?”D选项“做错事的人”,是正确答案。文中最后一段说but to him it looked as though I were the culprit。根据上下文意思,该词的意思是“罪犯”。A选项“傻瓜”;B选项“小丑”;C选项“小偷”。答案为D。
5. The author's attitude towards admitting one's mistakes is basically ______.
A.ironic
B.critical
C.indifferent
D.appreciative
A B C D
D
[解析] 态度题。“作者对承认错误的态度是什么?”D选项“欣赏的”,是正确答案。文中第一段说One of the qualities...to admit one's mistakes。A选项“讽刺的”;B选项“批评的”;C选项“漠然的”。答案为D。
Passage 4 Public relations is management function that creates, develops, and carries out policies-and programs to influence public opinion or public reaction about an idea, a product, or an organization. The field of public relations has become an important part of the economic, social and political pattern of life in many nations. That field includes advertising, promotional activities, and press contact. Public relations also exists at the same time in business with marketing and merchandising to create the climate in which all selling functions occur. Public relations activities in the modern world help institutions to cope successfully with many problems, to build prestige for an individual or a group, to promote products, and to win elections. The majority of public relations workers are staff employees working within a corporate or institutional framework. Others operate in public relations counseling firms. In industry, public relations personnel keep management informed of changes in the opinions of various publics (that is, the groups of people whose support is needed): employees, stockholders, customers, suppliers, dealers, the community, and government. These professionals counsel management as to the impact of any action or lack of action on the behavior of the target audiences. Once an organizational decision has been made, the public relations person has the task of communicating this information to the public using methods that promote understanding "consent" and desired behavior. For example, a hospital merger, an industrial plant closing, or the introduction of a new product all require public relations planning and skill. Public relations activities are a major part of the political process in many nations. Politicians seeking office, government agencies seeking acceptance and cooperation, officials seeking support for their policies, and foreign governments seeking aid and allies abroad all make extensive use of counseling services provided by public relations specialists. Public relations also plays an important role in the entertainment industry. The theaters, motion pictures, sports, restaurants and individuals all use public relations services to increase their business or add to their image. Other public relations clients are educational, social service, and charitable institutions, trade union, religious groups, and professional societies. The successful public relations practitioner is a specialist in communication arts and persuasion. Specialized skills are required to handle public opinion research, media relations, direct mail activities, institutional advertising, publications, film and video production, and special events. Public relations services are so far virtually unused in many developing nations, but they are likely to be a future government concern.
1. In the first paragraph, the author mainly tells us ______.
4. In which of the following paragraphs can we draw a conclusion that public relations services are only popular in advanced countries?
A.Second.
B.Third.
C.Fourth.
D.Sixth.
A B C D
D
[解析] 推理题。由第六段最后一句“Public relations services are so far virtually unused in many developing nations...”可推出在发展中国家不流行,即“在发达国家流行”。答案为D。
5. Based on the information from the passage, which of the following people do you think can benefit most from public relations services?
A.Stockholders and bankers.
B.Government officials at all levels.
C.Manufacturers of all kinds.
D.Scholars.
A B C D
B
[解析] 推理题。由文章最后一句“...they are likely to be a future government concern”可知,最大受益者是“Government officials at all level”。答案为B。
Ⅱ.SPEED READING Skim or scan the following passages, and then decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage 5 Reading skills are very important. Experts estimate that it is possible for any normal adult English speaker to read 1,000 words a minute and more, with special training. Yet most students read only about 300 words per minute. The following principles might be helpful for foreign students who wish to increase their reading skills. Always read faster than is comfortable. The faster your normal rate of reading becomes, the better your understanding will be. Keep reading ahead. Do not allow yourself to regress while reading, even when you come across a new word. If some word, term or phrase has clouded your understanding, you should reread it only after you have read the entire paragraph through once. Read selectively. As you read make a conscious effort to screen the nouns, pronouns, and verbs from the other words, since these are the words that give meaning to what you have read. In effect, you should really read the nouns, pronouns and verbs and merely see the rest of the words in the sentence. Read beyond the lines. As a good reader, you should see ideas implied through the words, and bridge the gap between the obvious and the suggested, thus obtaining much more information. Because the reading assignments in most college courses are very long, students should plan to read every day. If, however, they find that they cannot complete all the assigned readings in the beginning, they should not panic. Instead, they should ask their classmates how much they are reading and attempt to learn from them what to read first and what to postpone until a later date. Because much of the past learning experience of foreign students may have been for the purpose of passing examinations, they might be inclined to put off studying until late in the term. Such behavior can result in failure in the US system, where assignments must be completed on time and done regularly each day.
1. With special training, a normal adult English speaker may read ______ words per minute.
A.300
B.Less than 1,000
C.1,000
D.1,000 and more
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。“通过特殊培训,一个正常的说英语的成年人可以每分钟读多少个词。”由第一段第二句话“Experts estimate..., with special training”可以得知正常说英语的成年人经过特殊培训,每分钟可以读1000多个单词。答案为D。
2. According to the author, what is the type of vocabulary the reader should not spend much time on while reading?
A.Nouns.
B.Pronouns.
C.Prepositions.
D.Verbs.
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。“根据作者的意思,哪种词汇类型读者在阅读的过程中不应该花费太多时间?”第四段“In effect, you should really read the nouns, pronouns and verbs...”(事实上,你应该读名词、代词和动词……)就是该题答案。答案为C。
3. What principle should foreign students follow when they come across a new word while reading?
A.Always read faster than is comfortable.
B.Keep reading ahead.
C.Read selectively.
D.Read beyond the lines.
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。“外国的学生在阅读中如果遇到生词,他们应遵循什么原则?”由第三段最后一句话“If some word, term or phrase has clouded your understanding, you should reread it only after you have read the entire paragraph through once.”可以看出,外国学生采取的方式是继续读接下来的内容。答案为B。
4. According to the passage, who should the student turn to for advice if he cannot complete all the assigned readings in the beginning?
A.His teacher.
B.His supervisor.
C.His tutor.
D.His classmates.
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。“根据文章,如果学生一开始无法完成所有的阅读任务,他应该向谁求助?”第五段最后一句话Instead, they should ask their classmates how much they are reading....告诉我们应该向同学求助。答案为D。
5. In the United States, the foreign students must do their reading assignments ______.
A.every day
B.until late in the term
C.right after their class
D.in the way their teachers have suggested
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。“在美国,外国学生必须怎样进行阅读。”文章最后一句话,“..., where assignments must be completed on time and done regularly each day”便是答案。答案为A。
Passage 6 Glenn Gould was perhaps the greatest and most unusual musician ever to come from Canada. Thousands of people throughout the world knew about Glenn Gould and loved his music. But one night, after playing a concert in Chicago, Gould made an announcement that shocked all his fans. Although he was only 33 years old, he said he would never give another concert or play the piano on stage again. But Glenn Gould did not stop playing the piano completely. Instead, he made records. He loved being able to work on a recording until the music was perfect. He never went back to play on stage, where his music might not be perfect. Glenn Gould's recordings are unusual because he had a curious habit of singing and humming along with the music he played. Anyone who listens closely can hear this singing on many of his records. Singing while he played was not his only unusual habit. He often walked around Toronto on the hottest August days with an overcoat, scarf, and gloves on. He never cared what people said about his behavior. He often wanted to stay alone with his music, and at times he simply refused to see people at all. In spite of his unusual habits, or maybe because of them, music lovers everywhere prize Glenn Gould's recordings. When he died suddenly at age fifty, Canada and the world lost one of their musical treasures.
1. Glenn quit public performance at the age of ______.
A.23
B.33
C.50
D.54
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。“Glenn在多大的时候放弃了公共演出?”文中第一段提到Although he was only 33 years old,... on stage again。答案为B。
2. Glenn's recordings were so unusual because ______.
A.they were perfect
B.they had won many prizes
C.they were music lovers' No. 1 choice
D.there was Glenn's singing or humming on many of them
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。“Glenn的唱片与众不同的原因是什么?”D选项“在许多唱片中有他的演唱或随音乐哼歌”,是正确答案。文中第三段提到Glenn Gould's recordings are unusual because he had a curious habit of singing and humming along with the music he played;A选项“唱片完美”;B选项“唱片赢得许多奖项”;C选项“唱片是音乐爱好者的首选”。答案为D。
3. A possible reason why Glenn never went back to play on stage was that ______.
A.he was tired of giving concerts
B.his music might not be perfect when he played on stage
C.he didn't want to see people
D.he gave up music completely
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。“Glenn不返回舞台的可能的原因之一是什么?”B选项“在舞台演奏的音乐可能不完美”,是正确答案。文中第二段提到He never went back to play on stage, where his music might not be perfect;A选项“他厌倦了举行演唱会”;C选项“他不想见人”;D选项“他完全放弃了音乐”。答案为B。
4. The following are some descriptions about Glenn's unusual habits except ______.
A.He was always singing and humming when he played his music.
B.He often walked around Toronto on the coldest winter days wearing a few clothes.
C.He frequently walked around Toronto on the hottest summer days with an overcoat, scarf, and gloves on.
D.He often kept alone with his music even refused to see people at all.
5. According to the passage, it can be inferred that ______.
A.Glenn was a talented musician with some curious habits
B.Glenn had mental problems
C.Glenn enjoyed being with his fans
D.Glenn was more a singer than a pianist
A B C D
A
[解析] 推断题。“根据文章内容,可以推断出什么?”A选项“Glenn是有一些奇怪习惯的有天赋的音乐家”,是正确答案。文中第三段提到Singing while he played was not his only unusual habit;B选项“Glenn有精神问题”;C选项“Glenn喜欢和音乐迷相处”;D选项“Glenn更像歌手而非钢琴家”。答案为A。
第二部分 非选择题
Ⅲ.DISCOURSE CLOZE The following is taken from the textbook. Read the passage and fill in the numbered spaces (there are more suggested answers than necessary). Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Two white pigeons came in through the kitchen window, 1 , and lit around the ashes. The pigeons nodded their heads and began to pick, pick, pick, pick. And the others also began to pick, pick, pick, pick. They gathered all the good grains into the bowl. Hardly one hour had passed before they were finished, 2 . The girl took the bowl to her stepmother, and was happy, 3 . But the stepmother said, "No, Cinderella, you have no clothes, and you don't know how to dance. Everyone would only laugh at you," 4 , and then the stepmother said, "You may go if you are able to pick two bowls of lentils out of the ashes for me in one hour," thinking to herself, "She will never be able to do that." The girl went through the back door into the garden and called out, "You tame pigeons, you turtledoves, 5 , come and help me to gather": The good ones go into the pot, The bad ones go into your crop. 6 , and then the turtledoves, and finally all the birds beneath the sky came whirring and swarming in, and lit around the ashes. The pigeons nodded their heads and began to pick, pick, pick, And the others also began to pick, pick, pick, pick. 7 . Before a half hour had passed they were finished, and they all flew out again. The girl took the bowls to her stepmother, and was happy, 8 . But the stepmother said, "It's no use. 9 , for you have no clothes, and you don't know how to dance. We would be ashamed of you." With this she turned her back on Cinderella, and hurried away with her two proud daughters. Now that no one else was at home, Cinderella went to her mother's grave beneath the hazel tree, and cried out: Shake and quiver, little tree, Throw gold and silver down to me. 10 , and slippers embroidered with silk and silver. She quickly put on the dress and went to the festival. A.Cinderella began to cry B.thinking that now she would be allowed to go to the festival with them C.Two white pigeons came in through the kitchen window D.You are not coming with us E.and then the turtledoves, and finally all the birds beneath the sky came whirring and swarming in F.Then the bird threw a gold and silver dress down to her G.thinking that now she would be allowed to go to the festival with them H.and all you birds beneath the sky I.They gathered all the good grains into the bowls J.and they all flew out again K.She was happy L.Cinderella opened the door
1.
E
2.
J
3.
G/B
4.
A
5.
H
6.
C
7.
I
8.
B/G
9.
D
10.
F
Ⅳ.WORD FORMATIONS Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the bracket. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. (crazy)But it seemed equally strange that the Lathrop committee should encourage his ______.
10. (rich)The professor emphasized that the goal of the course is to ______ our understanding of other cultures.
enrich
[解析] 译文:教授强调这门课程的目标是使我们对其他文化的理解更丰富。此句中需填动词原形构成to do sth.,且空缺处后是名词,故用rich的动词形式enrich。答案为enrich。
Ⅴ.GAP FILLING The following is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary). Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. authority ease from unfamiliar refer cumbersome forth improve exclude complicate up knowledge I do and Interlingua followed Esperanto and improved it, by cutting-out some of the 1 Latin grammar that still remained. In 1928, Otto Jespersen, the famous Danish linguist who is known as the greatest 2 on the English language, put 3 a concoction of his own called Novial. It was an 4 on Esperanto but still had the same basic approach. Jespersen thought that the best type of international language was one that offered the greatest 5 of learning to the greatest number of people. But when Jespersen thinks of the "greatest number of people" he is 6 to Europeans or people of other continents whose language and culture derives 7 Europe. This completely 8 native populations of the continents of Asia and Africa and of the Pacific Islands, for whom Novial would be totally 9 . Still, if the language is a well-constructed one and not too 10 , perhaps it could nevertheless be adopted by those unfamiliar with its roots and structure.
1.
cumbersome
2.
authority
3.
forth
4.
improvement
5.
ease
6.
referring
7.
from
8.
excludes
9.
unfamiliar
10.
complicated
Ⅵ.SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS Read the passage carefully and answer the questions briefly by referring back to Passage Four. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Public relations is management function that creates, develops, and carries out policies-and programs to influence public opinion or public reaction about an idea, a product, or an organization. The field of public relations has become an important part of the economic, social and political pattern of life in many nations. That field includes advertising, promotional activities, and press contact. Public relations also exists at the same time in business with marketing and merchandising to create the climate in which all selling functions occur. Public relations activities in the modern world help institutions to cope successfully with many problems, to build prestige for an individual or a group, to promote products, and to win elections. The majority of public relations workers are staff employees working within a corporate or institutional framework. Others operate in public relations counseling firms. In industry, public relations personnel keep management informed of changes in the opinions of various publics (that is, the groups of people whose support is needed): employees, stockholders, customers, suppliers, dealers, the community, and government. These professionals counsel management as to the impact of any action or lack of action on the behavior of the target audiences. Once an organizational decision has been made, the public relations person has the task of communicating this information to the public using methods that promote understanding "consent" and desired behavior. For example, a hospital merger, an industrial plant closing, or the introduction of a new product all require public relations planning and skill. Public relations activities are a major part of the political process in many nations. Politicians seeking office, government agencies seeking acceptance and cooperation, officials seeking support for their policies, and foreign governments seeking aid and allies abroad all make extensive use of counseling services provided by public relations specialists. Public relations also plays an important role in the entertainment industry. The theaters, motion pictures, sports, restaurants and individuals all use public relations services to increase their business or add to their image. Other public relations clients are educational, social service, and charitable institutions, trade union, religious groups, and professional societies. The successful public relations practitioner is a specialist in communication arts and persuasion. Specialized skills are required to handle public opinion research, media relations, direct mail activities, institutional advertising, publications, film and video production, and special events. Public relations services are so far virtually unused in many developing nations, but they are likely to be a future government concern.
1. According to the passage, what is the definition of public relation? What is the function of public relations in modern world?
Public relations is management function that creates, develops, and carries out policies and programs to influence public opinion or public reaction about an idea, a product, or an organization. Public relations activities in the modern world help institutions to cope successfully with many problems, to build prestige for an individual or a group, to promote products, and to win elections.
2. In industry, whom do public relation personnel keep in touch with? How do they work?
In industry,public relations personnel keep management informed of changes in the opinions of various publics (that is, the groups of people whose support is needed): employees, stockholders, customers, suppliers, dealers, the community, and government. Once an organizational decision has been made, the public relations person has the task of communicating this information to the public using methods that promote understanding, consent, and desired behavior.
Ⅶ.TRANSLATION The following excerpt is taken from the textbook. Read the paragraph carefully and translate into Chinese each of the numbered and underlined parts. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. 1 If language were for nothing but the communication of warnings and weather reports, an artificial international language would do nicely. 2 But people have always had a need to do more than simply "tell it like it is". Language is for reporting not merely one's work. In our language we define ourselves. For this, a language needs idioms, the oddities of grammar and style that reflect its history and development, all the poetic turns of phrases that have enriched it over the centuries. The language needs these? Well, perhaps not. Does a person need eyebrows? If you were to construct a human being, would you provide eyebrows? 3 Is there some special reason why our lips should be a different color from the rest of our face? Perhaps not, but this is how people—real people—are. 4 Artificial language is recommended highly for artificial people. The computers need it to simplify communication among themselves. 5 For communication between people, languages in all their diversity will remain and grow as mirrors of the growth and soul of the societies that speak them.