Ⅰ.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Ⅱ.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions1. Who began to invade England from the end of the 8th century?
From the end of the 8th century, the Norwegian Vikings and the Danes from Denmark began to invade England.
2. What was Domesday Book?
The book was the result of a general survey of England made in 1085, and stated the extent, value, the population, state of cultivation and ownership of the land.
3. In Britain, what does BBC stand for?
British Broadcasting Corporation.
4. What is largely responsible for the lack of extreme summer heat and winter cold in Ireland?
The North Atlantic Current is responsible for the lack of extreme summer heat and winter cold in Ireland.
5. Which state is the largest in the United States?
Alaska is the largest one.
6. Who drafted "The Declaration of Independence" in the U.S.?
7. What mechanism did the writers of the Constitution introduce to provide safeguards of the new government misusing its power?
They introduced the mechanism of separation of powers and checks and balances.
8. What was the consequence of the Seven Years' War between the British and the French?
After the Seven Years' War from 1756 to 1763, the French were forced to give up every inch of land in North America and the whole of Canada came under the British rule.
9. What does the outback refer to in Australia?
The outback usually refers to the interior and the centre of the Western Plateau and its northern plains.
10. What animal is regarded as a national symbol of New Zealand?
Ⅲ.Explain each of the following terms in English1. The Civil List
(1)The Civil List is an annual grant approved by Parliament. The grant is made to the British Sovereign and members of the royal family. (2)It is used to cover the expense involved in carrying out their public duties.
2. The Progressive Movement
The Progressive Movement, a movement demanding government regulation of the economy and social conditions, spread quickly with the support of large numbers of people across the country. The Progressive Movement was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals. It was a number of diverse efforts at political, social and economic reforms.
3. New Freedom
Woodrow Wilson was the U.S. President from 1913 to 1921. His program of New Freedom was a policy of Progressivism and it achieved the following: a reduction of tariffs, the passage of the Federal Reserve Act, regulation of trusts, giving farmers loans at low rates, adoption of an income tax and voting right for women.
4. Earl Warren
Earl Warren was Supreme Court Chief Justice in the 1950s and 1960s. The Supreme Court under him played a positive role in the Civil Rights Movement. The court declared the doctrine of "separate but equal" in education unconstitutional.