Ⅰ.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Ⅱ.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions1. Why did William Ⅰ give his barons large estates in England?
William Ⅰ gave large estates to his barons because he wanted to get a promise of military service and a proportion of the land's produce.
2. What was Queen Mary known as?
she was known as the "Bloody Mary" and also remembered as the monarch who lost the last British possesion on the Continent, that the French port of Cala's during a renewed war with France.
3. Which war was relatively smooth, with no bloodshed, nor any execution of the king in Britain?
It is the Glorious Revolution.
4. What is American labour force like?
The American labour force in not only hard working, but also willing to experiment, to change and to learn new technologies.
5. What is the highest duty of the President in the United States?
The highest duty of the President is the execution or carrying out of the law.
6. Who was the first to explore fully the possibilities of free verse?
Walt Whitman was the first to explore fully the possibilities of free verse.
7. When is "Trick or treat" played and what does it mean?
It is in Halloween. It means "give me something nice, or I will play a trick on you."
8. How do children in remote areas of Australia receive their education?
They receive their education at home through a radio educational system called School of the Air.
9. Why is Australia's New South Wales called the premier state?
It is because it was the first colony established by Britain in 1788.
10. What is the most potential serious natural disaster in New Zealand?
In New Zealand, earthquakes and volcanoes are the most serious potential natural disasters.
Ⅲ.Explain each of the following terms in English1. the Great Charter
King John's reign caused much discontent among the barons. In 1215, he was forced to sign a document, known as Magna Carta, or the Great Charter which has 63 clauses. Though it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties, its spirit was the limitation of the king's powers, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.
2. Wars of Roses
They refer to the battles between the House of Lancaster and the House of York between 1445 and 1485. The former was symbolized by the red rose, and the latter by the white rose. After the wars. feudalism received its death blow and the king's power became supreme. Tudor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years.
3. "Great Compromise" of July 16
On July 16, 1787, the delegates at the Constitutional Convention agreed to give each state an equal vote in the Senate but making representation in the House reflect the size of each state's population.
4. Transcendentalism
Transcendentalism was a movement that emerged in the 1830s and 18408 among American young intellectuals which emphasized man's potentiality for goodness, creativity, and self-development. Ralph Waldo Emerson was regarded as the leader of the movement.