1. Monolingual dictionaries are written in ______ language.
A.different
B.one
C.complicated
D.two
A B C D
B
[解析] Monolingual dictionaries are written in one language. 单语词典是以一种语言编写的词典。答案为B。
2. The ______ dictionary is rather a late development because the earliest dictionaries were all ______.
A.bilingual; monolingual
B.unabridged; desk
C.monolingual; bilingual
D.desk; unabridged
A B C D
C
[解析] The monolingual dictionary is rather a late development because the earliest dictionaries were all bilingual. 单语词典是一个相当新的发展,因为最早的词典都是双语的。答案为C。
3. The target population of monolingual dictionaries are not ______.
A.general native speakers
B.foreign learners with intermediate level
C.foreign learners with higher English level
D.foreign learners with lower English level
A B C D
D
[解析] The target population of monolingual dictionaries are general native speakers or second language and foreign learners who have reached the intermediate and advanced stages.单语词典的对象是普通的本族语言者或那些达到中高级的第二语言及外语学习者。答案为D。
4. A reference book listing alphabetically arranged along with information about their forms, pronunciations, functions, etymologies, meanings, and syntactical and idiomatic uses is called ______.
A.encyclopaedia
B.dictionary
C.glossary
D.concordance
A B C D
B
[解析] The word dictionary is a book which presents in alphabetical order the words of English, with information as to their spelling, pronunciation, meaning, usage, rules of grammar, and in some, their etymology. 一本依照字母顺序来排列英语单词,向人们提供单词的拼写、发音、意义、用法、语法规则的书叫语言词典。答案为B。
5. A book containing an alphabetical arrangement of the words in a language and their definitions is called ______.
A.concordance
B.lexicon
C.glossary
D.encyclopedia
A B C D
B
[解析] 题干译文:一本书中含有按照一种语言的字母的顺序来排列的单词和他们的定义,这本书称为什么?Dictionary for English-speaker people is a book which presents in alphabetical order the word... their etymology. 答案为B。
6. The dictionary that contains information on all branches of knowledge or treats comprehensively a particular branch of knowledge usually in articles arranged alphabetically is called ______.
A.lexicon
B.concordance
C.yearbook
D.encyclopaedia
A B C D
D
[解析] 本题考查encyclopedia的定义。Encyclopedia is the dictionary that contains information on all Branches of knowledge or treats comprehensively a particular branch of knowledge usually in articles arranged alphabetically. 百科全书并不关心语言本身,而是提供每一核心词所包含的各种信息。答案为D。
8. Linguistic dictionaries usually cover such areas as ______.
A.spelling and pronunciation
B.meaning and grammatical function
C.usage and etymology
D.all the above
A B C D
D
[解析] Linguistic dictionaries usually cover such areas as spelling, pronunciation, meaning, grammatical function, usage and etymology, etc. 语言词典通常包括拼写、发音、意义、语法功能、用法及词源等这些方面。答案为D。
9. Which of the following dictionaries is not a bilingual dictionary?______
A.Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English with Chinese Translation.
B.A New English-Chinese Dictionary.
C.Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs.
D.A Chinese-English Dictionary (1995).
A B C D
C
[解析] Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs《朗文动词词典》是一部专门词典(specialized dictionary),而不是双语词典(bilingual dictionary)。答案为C。
10. The main entries are generally defined or explained in the same language with translations are ______.
A.monolingual dictionaries
B.bilingual dictionaries
C.encyclopedic dictionaries
D.pocket dictionaries
A B C D
B
[解析] 题干译文:主要词条一般用同一语言进行定义和解释并且带有译文的字典是什么字典?In bilingual dictionaries, the main entries are generally defined or explained in the same language with translation. 答案为B。
11. The best-known unabridged dictionary is ______.
A.Webster's Third New International Dictionary
B.The Word Book Dictionary
C.The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology
D.The Encyclopedia Britannica
A B C D
A
[解析] 题干译文:最大的一部未经删节的词典是哪一部?The best-known unabridged dictionary is Webster's Third New International Dictionary. 答案为A。
12. An unabridged dictionary should contain at least ______ headwords.
A.100000
B.200000
C.300000
D.450000
A B C D
B
[解析] 题干译文:一部未删节的字典应该至少包括多少个核心词条?An unabridged dictionary should be large in scope and size, containing at least 200,000 headwords. 答案为B。
13. Webster's Third New International Dictionary is the best-known ______ dictionary.
A.unabridged
B.desk
C.pocket
D.encyclopedic
A B C D
A
[解析] 《韦伯斯特第三版新国际大词典》是最著名的一本大型词典。答案为A。
14. Webster's New World Dictionary is a(n) ______ dictionary.
30. Etymological information provided in dictionaries is concerning the ______ of words.
A.structure
B.origins
C.grammar
D.word class
A B C D
B
[解析] 词源信息是关于这个词的起源的,即origin。答案为B。
31. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English is ______ dictionary.
A.specialized
B.general
C.both A and B
D.neither A nor B
A B C D
B
[解析] 这本字典广泛涉及新词、新意义和新用法、通俗易懂,不是专业词典。答案为B。
32. The number of the words used to define words and illustrate usages is ______ in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English.
A.3000
B.2000
C.4000
D.5000
A B C D
B
[解析] The LDCE was noted for its wide coverage of new words, new meanings and new usages, for its simple and clear definitions and for its controlled 2,000 words used to define words and illustrate usages. 《朗文当代英语词典》用控制的2000词汇来定义词和例示用法。答案为B。
33. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDCE) was published first in ______.
A.1623
B.1775
C.1978
D.1987
A B C D
C
[解析] LDCE was published in 1978. 《朗文当代英语词典》(LDCE)出版于1978年。答案为C。
34. LDCE has three features except ______.
A.clear grammar codes
B.usage notes
C.language notes
D.extra column
A B C D
D
[解析] The three features of LDCE include clear grammar codes, usage notes and language notes. LDCE的三大特征是明确的语法代码,用法注释和语言注释。答案为D。
35. Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary (CCELD) (1987) has such unique features as ______.
A.definition, usage examples and language notes
B.definition, extra column and usage examples
C.definition, extra column and language notes
D.definition, usage examples and clear grammar codes
A B C D
B
[解析] The unique features of CCELD include definition, extra colum and usage examples. CCELD的独特特征包括定义,额外专栏和用法举例。答案为B。
36. CCELD is a brand new dictionary, similar in scope and size to ______.
A.Webster
B.Longman
C.Oxford
D.Collins
A B C D
B
[解析] CCELD is a brand new dictionary, similar in scope and size to Longman. 《科林斯英语词典》是一本全新的词典,在范围和规模上与《朗文当代英语词典》相当。答案为B。
37. Almost every meaning of a word has an example to show its meaning and usage. This is the feature of ______.
A.Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary
B.The Concise Oxford Dictionary
C.A Chinese-English Dictionary
D.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
A B C D
A
[解析] 题干译文:几乎每一个词的每条意义都有一个例子来显示其意义和用法。这是下列哪一本词典的特征?In CCELD, almost every meaning of a word has an example to show its meaning and usage.答案为A。
38. The new edition of CED in 1995 has a collection of ______ entries.
A.80000
B.70000
C.60000
D.50000
A B C D
A
[解析] The CED has a collection of 80,000 entries. 《汉英词典》(修订版,1995)有80,000个词条。答案为A。
39. Which of the following is not one of the three good general dictionaries mentioned in the textbook?______
[解析] 题干译文:作为一本大众性的汉英词典,哪一本词典是最为详尽、最贴近时代且论述最为精确的词典?As a general Chinese-English dictionary, CED is the most complete and up-to-date, most elaborately treated. 答案为D。
Ⅱ.
1. The dominant sense of the word dictionary for English-speaking people is a book which presents in ______ order the words of English.
alphabetical
[解析] 对于讲英语的人来说,dictionary(字典)这个词的主要意义是一本依照什么顺序来排列的英语单词?The dominant sense of the word dictionary for English-speaking people is a book which presents in alphabetical order the words of English. 答案为alphabetical。
2. ______ dictionaries are written in one language.
Monolingual
[解析] 什么字典是以一种语言编写的?Monolingual dictionaries are written in one language.答案为Monolingual。
3. Dictionaries are closely related to ______, which explains why we make a general survey of English dictionaries in this course.
lexicology
[解析] 因为字典和什么联系紧密,所以我们要针对不同类型的字典做一个总体的概述?Dictionaries are closely related to lexicology, which explains why we make a general survey of English dictionaries in this course. 答案为lexicology。
4. Encyclopedic dictionaries can be further divided into ______ and encyclopedic dictionaries.
encyclopedia
[解析] 百科辞典可以进一步细分为什么和百科词典?Encyclopedic dictionaries can be further divided into encyclopedia and encyclopedic dictionaries. 答案为encyclopedia。
5. Encyclopedic dictionaries have the characteristics of both linguistic dictionaries and ______.
encyclopedia
[解析] 百科词典兼有语言词典和什么的特征?Encyclopedic dictionaries have the characteristics of both linguistic dictionaries and encyclopedia. 答案为encyclopedia。
6. Linguistic dictionaries aim at ______ words and explaining their usages in the language.
defining
[解析] 语言词典着眼于什么单词及解释在语言中的用法?Linguistic dictionaries aim at defining words and explaining their usages in the language. 答案为defining。
7. LDCE is a ______ dictionary.
monolingual
[解析] LDCE(《朗文当代英语词典》)是什么样的词典?LDCE and CCELD published in Britain are both monolingual dictionaries. 答案为monolingual。
8. The unabridged dictionaries are ______ in scope and size, containing at least 200,000 headwords.
large
[解析] 未删节的词典应该是范围和规模都怎么样,至少包括200000条核心词?The unabridged dictionaries are large in scope and size, containing at least 200,000 headwords. 答案为large。
9. ______ dictionaries are the complete description of words available to us.
Unabridged
[解析] 什么词典是对我们所能接触到的单词的最为完整的描写?Unabridged dictionaries are the complete description of words available to us. 答案为Unabridged。
10. Desk dictionaries are ______ ones containing words ranging from 50,000 to 150,000.
medium-sized
[解析] 案头字典是包含50,000到150,000个词条的什么规模的词典?Desk dictionaries are medium-sized ones containing words ranging from 50,000 to 150,000. 答案为medium-sized。
11. ______ dictionaries concentrate on a particular area of language or knowledge, treating such diverse topics as etymology, synonyms, idioms, etc.
Specialized
[解析] 什么词典专注于语言或知识的某个特定领域,探讨诸如语言学中的词源、同义词、习语等?Specialized dictionaries concentrate on a particular area of language or knowledge, treating such diverse topics as etymology, synonyms, idioms, etc. 答案为Specialized。
12. According to the kinds of languages used in dictionaries, dictionaries can be grouped into monolingual and ______ dictionary.
bilingual
[解析] 根据字典中所用语言种类,可将字典分为单语和什么字典?According to the kinds of languages used in dictionaries, dictionaries can be grouped into monolingual and bilingual dictionary. 答案为bilingual。
13. The target population of monolingual dictionaries are general ______ speakers or second language and foreign learners who have reached the intermediate and advanced stages.
native
[解析] 单语词典的对象是普通的什么人或那些达到中高级第二语言的外语学习者?The target population of monolingual dictionaries are general native speakers of second language and foreign learners who have reached the intermediate and advanced stages. 答案为native。
14. American dictionary contains more encyclopedic information in the main body while British dictionary, especially the learner's dictionary includes more ______ information.
grammatical
[解析] 美国词典在正文中比英国词典包含更多的百科信息,而英国词典特别是学习者词典包含更多的什么信息?American dictionaries contain more encyclopedic information in the main body than the British, whereas British dictionaries, especially learners' dictionaries, include more grammatical information. 答案为grammatical。
15. Just like spelling, British and American dictionaries present their respective standard
pronunciation
[解析] 正如拼写一样,英国和美国词典列出它们各自标准的什么?Just like spelling, British and American dictionaries present their respective standard pronunciation. 答案为pronunciation。
16. Definition, extra column and usage ______ are the unique features of Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary (1987).
Monolingual dictionaries are written in one language. That is the headword or entries are defined and illustrated in the same language. The target population of monolingual dictionaries are general native speakers or second language and foreign learners who have reached the intermediate and advanced stages.
2. linguistic dictionaries
Linguistic dictionaries aim at defining words and explaining their usages in the language. They usually cover such areas as spelling, pronunciation, meaning, grammatical function, usage and etymology, etc. These dictionaries can be monolingual and bilingual.
3. encyclopedic dictionaries
Encyclopedic dictionaries can be further divided into encyclopedia and encyclopedic dictionaries. An encyclopedia is not concerned with the language per se but provides encyclopedic information concerning each headword. There the reader cannot find pronunciation or meanings or usages but other information.
4. pocket dictionaries
These dictionaries have about 50000 entries or fewer. Such a dictionary provides only the spelling and pronunciation of each word with a few most common meanings. They contain only a few or no examples.
5. specialized dictionary
Special dictionaries concentrate on a particular area of language or knowledge. These dictionaries may not be very large in size, yet each contains much more detailed information on the subject than you can find in a general unabridged one.
Ⅳ.
1. How are dictionaries classified?
(1) Monolingual and bilingual dictionaries. (2)Linguistic and encyclopedic dictionaries. (3)Unabridged, desk and pocket dictionaries. (4)General and specialized dictionaries.
2. What kind of information is usually provided in a general-purpose dictionary?
A general-purpose dictionary usually provides commonly used words in alphabetical order, spelling, pronunciation, meaning, grammar information, usage, and supplementary matter in different scope.
3. What factors should be taken into consideration in choosing a dictionary?
Generally speaking, we should consider whether the dictionary is monolingual or bilingual, general or specialized, British or American, early edition or late edition as well as their content in accordance with our own needs.
4. Which do you favour, a bilingual or a monolingual dictionary? Give your reasons.
As for these two kinds of dictionaries, they just depend on your need. When you are a beginner or an intermediate learner of English, you need a bilingual dictionary because this kind of dictionary is written in two languages. It is easier for you to read and some concepts and meanings can better of easily understood when you read the explanation in your native language. When your English level is past intermediate, you are suggested to use a monolingual dictionary because this kind of dictionary provides information only in one target language. It can give you the pure sense of English concepts and meanings. It can not be misleading.
5. Do you think general dictionaries are always better than specialized ones?
Not always. Special dictionaries concentrate on a particular area of language or knowledge, treating such diverse topics as etymology, synonyms, idioms, pronunciation, usages in language, and computer, engineering, literature and a variety of other subjects. These dictionaries contain much more detailed information on the subject concerned. When you want to consult detailed information about something, a specialized dictionary is preferable, but when your interest is primarily in the general knowledge of language, you may choose a general one.
6. What are the major differences between British and American dictionaries?
American dictionaries contain more encyclopedic information in the main body than the British. British dictionaries, on the other hand, include a lot of grammatical information as well as usage examples than the American.
8. What are the features of Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDCE new edition)?
(1)Wide coverage of new words, now meanings and new usages. (2)Simple and clear definitions. (3)To use controlled 2000 words to define words and illustrate usages. (4)To has meticulous and complete grammatical information. (5)Clear grammar codes. (6)Usage notes. (7)Language notes.
9. What are the unique features of CCELD?
(1)The definition in this dictionary are all in full sentences. (2)The use of extra column to deal with grammar information. (3)Almost every meaning of a word has an example to show its meaning and usage, most in sentence form.
10. What are the features of the CED (1995)?
(1)It has a collection of 80000 entries. (2)The new edition revised some old entries. (3)It changes the method of marking academic or subject areas and word classes. In the new edition, the marking was turned into English. Moreover, alongside some simplified versions of Chinese, the compilers add the old complicated versions. (4)The dictionary boasts of the quality of the English equivalents it provides for its Chinese items. As a general Chinese-English dictionary, this one is the most complete and up-to-date, most elaborately treated.