Ⅰ.Reading Comprehension Directions: In this part of the test, there are several passages. Following each passage, there are some questions with four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and then write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.
Passage One Some students seem to have their own methods to learn English. They can pick up new words, master rules of grammar, and learn to write in English more quickly than others. They don't seem to be any more clever, so what makes English learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful English learners we may discover a few of the learning skills which make English learning easier for them. First of all, successful English learners are independent learners. Learning is a very personal matter. There isn't one study skill that works for every student in every situation. Successful English learners learn what they know, what they don't know, and what to do about it. They don't depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn English. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes. Successful English learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use English; they look for chance. They find people who speak English and ask these people to correct them when they make mistakes. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in English than to know the meaning of every word. Finally, successful English learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn English because they are interested in English and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn English in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using English regularly because they want to learn more with it. What kind of English learner are you? If you are a successful English learner, you properly have been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your English learning has been less than successful, you might do well to try some of the skills outlined above.
1. Some students learn English more successfully than others because they learn ______.
A.independently
B.actively
C.purposefully
D.all of the above
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据文章第二、三、四段第一句可知,选项A、B、C均正确。
2. What does an independent English learner do? ______
A.He tries to find the patterns and the rules for himself.
B.He often waits for the teacher to explain.
C.He always corrects every mistake he has made.
D.He never guesses wrong.
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据文章第二段倒数第三、四句,“...they try to find the patterns...”
3. ______ is the most important for active English learners.
A.Learning to think in English which they are learning
B.Knowing the meaning of every word which they are reading
C.Understanding information that is inexact or incomplete
D.Repeating what they hear and correcting mistakes
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据文章第三段最后一句,“It is more important for them...”
4. For what purpose do some students learn English successfully? ______
A.They want to go abroad.
B.They want to be more successful than others.
C.They want to communicate with English speaking people.
D.They want to write English better than others.
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据文章第四段第二、三句,“They want to learn English...”可知,答案为C。
5. The purpose of the writer is to ______.
A.show that some students are born good at learning English
B.explain why some students find it easy to practice using English
C.introduce some skills that make English learning easier
D.help the reader find out what kind of English learner he is
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据文章第一段最后两句,“they don't seem to be any...”可知,答案为C。
Passage Two Fill in company forms can become a boring and repetitive task, yet any carelessness on an applicant part can draw a negative reaction from readers. Each company or organization usually uses its own specially designed form that, although it generally asks for the same basic information, many vary in detail. Consequently, the suggestions below apply mainly to the approach you should take rather than suggest what you should write. · When visiting future employers, always carry your personal data record with you so that you can readily search for details such as dates, telephone numbers, and other useful in-formation. · Treat every application form as though it is the first one you are completing—write carefully and neatly. · Use words that describe the responsibility and different aspects of each job you have held rather than list only the duties you performed. · Particularly describe social activities that show your involvement in the community, or activities in which you held a teaching or coaching role. · Pay particular attention if there is a section on the form that asks you to comment on how your education and past experience have especially prepared you for the position. Think this through very carefully before you write so that what you say shows a natural progression from past experience to the job you are applying for. If you can, and if they fit naturally, add a few words to demonstrate how the position fits your overall career plan.
1. The first sentence of the passage implies that ______.
A.you may have to fill in long application form
B.the filling up of an application form takes much time
C.one may have to fill in many application forms before one gets a job
D.application forms are usually difficult to read and require good skills to fill in
2. Although all application forms demand the same basic information, ______.
A.different companies may have different requirements
B.different companies may take different attitudes toward them
C.application may be required to answer all the questions in detail
D.applicants may have to send in the forms by person
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据文章第一段第二句,“Each company...”可知,答案为A。
3. Which of the following statements is true? ______
A.Your personal data record is more important than the interview.
B.You should put in your personal data in the application form as completely as possible.
C.Your personal data record will be much help to your interview.
D.You should write your personal data as clearly and neatly as possible.
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据文章建议中的第一条可知,答案为C。
4. When writing about the duties you have been engaged in, you should ______.
A.put clown the names of your colleagues
B.describe the nature of the duties
C.relate them to other major duties
D.describe what responsible positions you had
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据文章建议中的第三条可知,答案为D。
5. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? ______
A.Importance of Application Forms.
B.How to Fill in an Application Form.
C.Job and Its Application.
D.Nature of Application Forms.
A B C D
B
[解析] 本题是观点题。整篇文章讲述了在应聘时如何填写个人的应聘资料。
Passage Three There is no creature that does not need sleep or complete rest every day. If you want to know why, just try going without sleep for a long period of time. You will discover that your mind and body would become too tired to work properly. You would become irritable and find it hard to think clearly or concentrate on your work. So sleep is quite simply the time when the cells of your body recover from the work of the day and build up supplies of energy for the next period of activity. One of the things we all know about sleep is that we are unconscious in sleep. We do not know what is going on around us. But that doesn't mean the body stops all activity. The important organs continue to work during sleep, but most of the body functions are slowed down. For example, our breathing becomes slower and deeper. The heart beats more slowly, and the blood pressure is lower. Our arms and legs become limp (柔软的) and muscles are at rest. It would be impossible for our body to relax to such an extent if we were awake. So sleep does for us what the most quiet rest can not do. Your body temperature becomes lower when you are asleep, which is the reason people go to sleep under some kind of covers. And even though you are unconscious, many of your reflexes (习惯性思维) still work. For instance, if someone tickles (使觉得痒) your foot, you will put it away in your sleep, or even brush a fly from your forehead. You do these things without knowing it.
1. If you don't have as much sleep as your body needs, you will ______.
A.work properly
B.think clearly
C.keep your attention on your work
D.easily get angry
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据文章第一段第三、四句,“You will discover...”可知,答案为D。
2. The cells of your body develop supplies of energy ______.
A.when you are asleep
B.when you recover from your work of the day
C.in the next period of activity
D.when you are quiet
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据文章第一段最后一句,“So sleep is quite...”可知,答案为A。
3. In the clause "... that we are unconscious in sleep," the word "unconscious" means ______.
A.untiring
B.unmoved
C.quiet
D.not knowing what is happening around
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据文章第二段第二句,“We do not know what is going on around us.”可知,答案为D。
4. Sleep helps your body to relax to such an extent ______.
A.that any rest can reach
B.that no rest can have the same effect
C.that you will never need any rest
D.that you will need the most quiet rest
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据文章第三段最后两句,“It would be impossible for...”可知,答案为B。
5. When you are sleeping, ______.
A.all of you reflexes stop working
B.most of your reflexes stop working
C.many of your reflexes still work
D.all of your reflexes still work
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据文章最后一段第二句,“And even though you...”可知,答案为C。
PART TWO
Ⅱ.Vocabulary Directions: Scan the following passage and find the words which have roughly the same meanings as those given below. The number in the brackets after each word definition refers to the number of paragraph in which the target word is. Write the word you choose on the Answer Sheet. Of all the sports that America has to offer, baseball is considered the pastime of this country. Americans did not always regard baseball and other sports in such a benign manner. Rather, sports during the early colonial times were seen as pagan and devilish thing to do. Many elite and wealthy gentry who embodied the Victorian ideals regarded any type of games or sports as ill vices. It was the common people who directly related sports to their religion. On days of religious celebration, early Americans joined together to play games. These folk games were unstructured and unruly; however, the unity that these games brought, created a need for professional sporting games. Folk games provided the foundation of sports. They created a sense of companionship and unison among individuals. These unorganized folk games created the threshold for organized sports and led to the trans-formation of the players' roles and the role of the audience. Amateurs became professional athletes, and the game an organized business. The game of baseball evolved from the English game of cricket and rounders. It was not until the time of the Civil War that baseball began to be played frequently. However with the transformation of the nation, society and technology, folk games too began to evolve into spectator sports. After the Civil War, baseball became a popular sport and no longer an archaic folk games. Structure and organization were introduced gradually into the game and increased public participation. The sport at first excluded the public, but as economic interests infiltrated the game, the need for audiences and spectators arose. The audience of baseball was instrumental in the transformation of baseball. The battling leagues and team rivalries created a sector for the American public to participate in baseball.
1. something that you enjoy doing when not working (Para. 1)
pastime
[解析] 该短语指在不上班时喜欢做的事情。文中pastime闲暇、娱乐。
2. favorable or pleasant (Para. 1)
benign
[解析] 该词指有利的、赞成的。文中benign指良好的。
3. the leaders and professionals in the highest levels of a society (Para. 1)
elite
[解析] 该短语指属于高层社会的领导人和专家。文中elite指中坚分子。
4. difficult to control or manage (Para. 1)
unruly
[解析] 该短语指很难控制或处理。文中unruly指不受约束。
5. the start of a new development (Para. 1)
threshold
[解析] 该短语指开始了一种新的发展。文中threshold指开始、端倪。
6. a person who is watching a sports event (Para. 2)
spectator
[解析] 该短语指观看体育运动的人。文中spectator指比赛或表演的观众。
7. to keep out something or someone (Para. 2)
exclude
[解析] 该短语指排除某人或某事。文中exclude指排除。
8. to join or enter for a purpose (Para. 2)
infiltrate
[解析] 该短语指为了某种目的而参加。文中infiltrate指渗透。
9. competition or fighting between people (Para. 2)
rivalry
[解析] 该短语指两人之间的竞争或决斗。文中rivalry指竞争。
10. to get involved in an activity (Para. 2)
participate
[解析] 该短语指参加活动。文中participate指参加。
Ⅲ.Summarization Directions: In this section of the test, there are ten paragraphs. Each of the paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word on your Answer Sheet.
Paragraph One
When Tom felt out of sorts, he would rave and stamp, or sink into suicidal gloom and talk darkly of going to the East to end his days as Buddhist monk. Ten minutes later, when something pleased him, he would rush out of doors and run around the garden, or jump up and down on the sofa. 1. Tom had some emotional p ______.
Paragraph Two
Yale embarked on a steady expansion, establishing the Medical Institution (1810), Divinity School (1822), Law School (1843), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (1847), the School of Fine Arts (1869), and School of Music (1894). In 1887 Yale College became Yale University. It continued to add to its academic offerings with the School of Forestry Environmental Studies (1900), School of Nursing (1923), School of Drama (1955), School of Architecture (1972), and School of Management (1974). 2. The e ______ of Yale.
Paragraph Three
Every culture has specific rules of courtesy and certain words for special situation. What are considered polite manners in one culture might be terribly rude in another. 3. Using language p ______ within its culture.
Paragraph Four
High salaries in the electricity, telecommunications and other monopoly industries have drawn strong criticism in China, where the Gini coefficient, now stands at 0.46, exceeding the internationally recognized alarm level of 0.45. So China is considering cutting wages in monopoly industries to reduce the country's widening income gap. A draft directive document has been worked out for this purpose. 4. The need to n ______ the income gap.
Paragraph Five
Living in the city, people can participate in the political and cultural activities and see the latest films. There are good schools for children to study in the city. And there are big department stores for residents to buy a great variety of goods produced in every part of the world. 5. It's good to L ______ in the city.
Paragraph Six
His audience is surprised to hear that only 22 percent of eighth graders read for fun daily, while 65 percent watch three hours or more of television each day. Research also indicates that average reading proficiency drops when TV viewing reaches about three hours a day. Their parents' habits are no better: a recent survey shows a decline in newspaper readership among U. S. adults. 6. I ______ of television to reading.
Paragraph Seven
Consumers of electricity usually accept the fact that power cuts frequently occur during thunder-storms. If outages(电力中断) occur on a sunny day, consumers will blame the power company. However, most outages occur due to circumstances beyond the power company's control. Animals with the ability to reach the top of power poles can knock out power of many houses. 7. There are many c ______ for power failure.
Paragraph Eight
Love plays a very important part in this world today. It is difficult to imagine what they would be like if there were no love for each other. 8. To live without I ______ is miserable.
Paragraph Nine
Watching just one hour of television a day can make a person more violent towards others, according to a 25-year study. In some circumstances, TV watching increases the risk of violence by five times. The new research indicates the effect is seen not just in children, as has been suggested before, but in adults as well. 9. L ______ of TV viewing to adult violence.
Paragraph Ten
Education teaches a child to realize that he is not thrown into the world by chance, he has his part to play. He will learn what is useful to him and society at large. Education imparts a great deal of knowledge to his mind and encourages a child to work hard. 10. The p ______ of education.
Ⅳ.Translation Directions: In the following passage, there are five groups of underlined sentences. Read the passage carefully and then translate these sentences into Chinese. Write the Chinese version on your Answer Sheet. Only 100 years ago man lived in harmony with nature. There weren't so many people then and their wants were fewer. Whatever wastes were produced could be absorbed by nature and were soon covered over. 1 Today this harmonious relationship is threatened by man's lack of foresight and planning, and by his carelessness and greed. For man is slowly poisoning his environment. Pollution is a "dirty" word. To pollute means to contaminate—to spoil something by introducing impurities which make it unfit or unclean to use. Pollution comes in many forms. We see it, smell it, taste it, drink it, and stumble through it. 2 We literally live in pollution, and, not surprisingly, it is beginning to threaten our health, our happiness, and our very civilization. Once we thought of pollution as meaning simply smog—the choking, stinging, dirty air that hovers over cities. But air pollution, while it is still the most dangerous, is only one type of contamination among several which attack the most basic life function. Through the uncontrolled use of insecticides, man has polluted the land, killing the wildlife. By dumping sewage and chemicals into rivers and lakes, we have contaminated our drinking water. We are polluting the ocean, too, killing the fish and thereby depriving our-selves of an invaluable food supply. 3 Part of the problem is our exploding population. More and more people produce more wastes. But this problem is intensified by our "throw-away" technology. Each year Americans dispose of 7 million autos, 20 million tons of waste paper, 25 million pounds of toothpaste tubes and 48 million cans. We throw away gum wrappers, newspapers, and paper plates. It is easier and cheaper to buy a new one and discard the old, even though 95% of its parts may still be functioning. Soon we will wear clothing made of paper: "Wear it once and throw it away," will be the slogan of the fashion-conscious. 4 Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a gigantic dump, or is there hope that we can solve the pollution problem? Fortunately, solutions are in sight. A few of them are positively ingenious. Take the problem of discarded cars, for instance. They are too bulky to ship as scrap to a steel mill. They must first be flattened. This is done in a giant compressor which can reduce a Cadillac to the size of a television set in a matter of minutes. Any leftover scrap metal is mixed with concrete and made into exceptionally strong bricks that are used in buildings and bridges. What about water pollution? More and more cities are building sewage-treatment plants. 5 Instead of being dumped into a nearby river or lake, sewage is sent through a system of underground pipes to a giant tank where the water is separated from the solid waste material. The solid material is converted into fertilizer. The sludge can also be made into bricks.
1.
今天,由于人类缺乏远见和规划,和人类的粗心和贪婪,这种人与自然的和谐关系受到了威胁。
[解析] ①“...this harmonious relationship”指上文提到的人与自然的“和谐关系”。②此句中的被动句最好不要译为“……被威胁”。③“...by..., and by...”引出被动句的施动者,表“由于……”。④lack of:缺乏……