Ⅰ.Multiple ChoiceSelect from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet. Ⅲ.Questions and AnswersGive a brief answer to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.1. William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights the world has ever known. Name his four greatest tragedies and summarize the characteristics of the four tragedies in common.
A. Shakespeare's four greatest tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth.
B. Each portrays some noble hero, who faces the injustice of human life and is caught in a difficult situation and whose fate is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation.
2. Emily Dickinson is now recognized not only a great poetess on her own right but as a poetess of considerable influence upon American poetry of the present century. What is the theme of Dickinson's poem?
Dickinson's poems are usually based on her own experiences, her sorrows and joys. But within her little lyrics Dickinson addresses those issues that concern the whole human beings, which include religion, death, immortality, love, and nature.
3. Whitman is one of the representative poets in America. He employs brand-new means in his poetry. What are the features of his poetry?
A. His poetic style is marked by the use of the poetic "I."
B. He adopted "free verse," poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.
C. The image in his poems is unconventional.
D. He uses oral English.
E. His vocabulary is amazing.
F. Parallelism and phonetic recurrence are used at the beginning of the lines.
4. Inspiration for the romantic approach initially came from two great shapers of thought. Who are the two? And what ideas they expressed inspire the romantic writers?
A. The French philosopher, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the German writer Johna Wolfgan yon Goethe.
B. It is Rousseau who established the cult of the individual and championed the freedom of the human spirit; his famous announcement was"I felt before I thought." Goethe and his compatriots extolled the romantic spirit.
Ⅳ.Topic DiscussionWrite no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.1. Literarily, William Blake was the first important romantic poet. Please make a brief comment on his poetry.
A. His first collection of poems Poetical Sketches is one of youthful verse with joy, laughter, love and harmony as its prevailing notes. The second volume of his Songs of Innocence presents a happy and innocent world. And the third--Songs of Experience paints a different world, a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone. The last two hold the similar subject-matter, but their tone, emphasis and conclusion differ. Childhood remains central to the poet's concern in the two, with a number of poems from them can be pairs. For example, the two poems both entitled Chimney Sweeper are such pairs, for the one in the Songs of Innocence indicates the conditions of the exploitation of child labor, which make religion a consolation, but the one in the Songs of Experience reveals the true nature of religion which helps bring misery to the poor children.
B. The maturity of Blake's poetry is shown in his poem Marriage of Heaven and Hell in which the relationship of the contraries is explored, for in the poet's eyes, "Without contraries, there is no progression."
C. William Blake also wrote many prophetic poems.
D. Blake took "This World" as "A World of Imagination and Vision," declaring that "the nature of my work is visionary or imaginative." Though in that case, his poetry is written in plain and direct language.
E. His poems often carry the lyric beauty with immense compression of meaning. He distrusts the abstractness and tends to embody his views with visual images. Symbolism in wide range is. also a distinctive feature of his poetry.
2. Elizabeth Bennet, the heroine in Pride and Prejudice, is often regarded as the most successful character created by Jane Austen. Make a brief comment on Elizabeth's character.
A. Elizabeth is clever, alert, observant. She is more observant and less charitable than Jane in recognizing the characters of Bingley's sisters, She recognizes Mr. Collins' character in his letter and after meeting him turns down firmly and with dignity his patronizing proposal. She is able to match wits with Darcy several times and with Colonel Fitzwilliam, earning their respect and admiration.
B. Fearless and frank, not rattled by the attack of Lady Catherine de Bourgh, she wins a notable victory, sending her Ladyship away completely routed. She is independent but not infallible in her judgment—taken in by the charm of the worthless Wickham. She cannot be blamed for misjudging Darcy.
C. She shows flexibility, discernment, and honesty of mind when she reads Darcy's defense in his letter and admits the justice of much of what he says. She recognizes and values true worth when she encounters it in Jane, the Gardiners, and, near the end of the novel, in Darcy. She sees more clearly than her father the danger of sending Lydia to Brighton.
D. She is able to control her emotions at times of stress. She is witty, fun-loving, recognizes humor in herself and in Others, but ridiculing only folly, nonsense, and inconsistencies. She recognizes the follies of her own family and their shortcomings as well as their virtues.
E. She is considerate of others but quite capable of asserting herself when occasion demands. She has a playful and unaffected manner, sunny disposition, natural animation, sense of fun, and sweet reasonableness. She shows a sense of humor by telling what Darcy has said about her at the Meryton ball.