Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.
1. A ball game played by pitchers, batters, catchers and fielders is called ______.
4. When the speaker or writer discusses many things indirectly related to the central idea of the text, he or she develops the text in a(n) ______ fashion.
6. Smiling when criticized would be considered ______ in American culture.
A.improper
B.polite
C.friendly
D.frivolous
A B C D
A
[考点] 本题主要考查日常生活中的文化差异。 在美国文化中,被人批评时还保持微笑是不合礼仪的。
7. ______ can function as an appropriate reply to an invitation.
A."Thank you very much. I'll come if I'm free then."
B."Thank you very much. But I can't accept your invitation."
C."That would be nice. Thank you."
D."Thank you, I'll try to come."
A B C D
C
[考点] 主要考查对邀请的应答。 英语国家中,对于接到的邀请,被邀请的人一般应做出明确的回答。如果被邀请者不能对邀请做出明确的肯定或否定答复,邀请者也期待他们能提供给出明确答复的时间。如果被邀请者接受邀请,他可以说“That would be nice. Thank you.”
8. ______ alludes to a meek person who submits to indignities and sufferings without any thought or act of rebelling.
A.A Don Juan
B.A Cinderella
C.An Oliver Twist
D.An Uncle Tom
A B C D
D
[考点] 主要考查英语中的典故。 An Uncle Tom(汤姆大叔):逆来顺受,没有任何反抗思想和行动的人。
9. ______ means to say something in a joking way, to tease, fluster, or to deceive somebody temporarily.
A."To pull one's leg"
B."To keep a straight face"
C."To make a cat laugh"
D."To ride one's high horse"
A B C D
A
[考点] 主要考查英语中成语的意思。 to pull one's leg意为“开玩笑地说,戏弄,或暂时地欺骗某人”;to keep a straight face意为“憋住笑或不露笑容,即使感觉到好笑、疑虑、不信任等,也不表示出来”;to make a cat laugh意为“特别好笑,不协调”;to ride one's high horse意为“趾高气扬的,骄傲的,自豪的”。
10. "______" means "to understand the nature of one's work, activities or studies and be competent in the performance of them".
A.To keep one's own company
B.To know something like the palm of one's hand
C.To know one's onions
D.To move heaven and earth to do something
A B C D
C
[考点] 本题主要考查对英语成语的了解。 to know one's onions的意思是“理解自己的工作、活动和研究的本质,并且能够胜任它”。
11. The English allusion "______" means signature.
13. "That's a budding theory" illustrates the metaphor that ______.
A."ideas are people"
B."ideas are products"
C."ideas are plants"
D."ideas are resources"
A B C D
C
[考点] 主要考查有关“观念(ideas)”的隐喻。 在That's a budding theory(那是含苞欲放的理论)中,观念被暗喻成了植物(plants)。
14. "______" refers to a contest between two persons, enterprises, countries, etc. , in which the one that is much smaller and/or weaker wins out.
A.A Judas
B.The old Adam
C.A Solomon
D.David and Goliath
A B C D
D
[考点] 本题主要考查英语宗教典故。 在英语国家里基督教是主要的宗教,所以英语里有许多典故来自《圣经》。a Judas(犹大)指叛徒;the old Adam(老亚当)指人类本性中不好的方面,容易做坏事、错事;a Solomon(所罗门),指非常睿智的人;David and Goliath(大卫和哥利亚),指两个人、企业或国家等之间的竞争而最终以弱小的一方获胜。
15. Many, though not all, swear words in English are related to ______.
20. Many scientific discoveries or inventions are named after their discoverers or inventors. Which of the following terms is a technical term that is derived from personal name?
Ⅱ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer.
1. Culture in its broad sense is also called ______.
A.small c culture
B.anthropological culture
C.large C culture
D.academic culture
A B C D
CD
[考点] 本题主要考查广义文化。 从广义上来讲,文化是人类的一切特征。广义文化又被称作“大写C文化(large C culture)”或“学术文化(academic culture)”。
2. In the following terms of address ,which are considered as appropriate forms in English culture?
Ⅲ. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.
1. People have to speak a language according to its ______.
rules
2. The major theme of English culture is ______. In contrast, the central theme of traditional Chinese culture is collectivism or environmentalism.
individualism
3. The passive ______ is usually represented in English by the typical passive structure.
meaning
4. The Chinese meaning of the English name "______" is "人类的保护者".
Alexander
5. The English expression "______" corresponds to "昙花一现" in Chinese.
A nine days wonder
6. ______ is a lie that does no harm and is merely more convenient or polite than telling the truth.
A white lie
7. North Americans feel more comfortable when communicating at greater distance. So American culture is often referred to as ______.
noncontact culture
8. ______ is the female monarch of the U.K. today.
Queen
9. The study of the ways human beings use and communicate with ______ is referred to as proxemics.
space
10. The U.S.A. is often cited as an example of the ______ oriented society as far as psychological time orientation is concerned.
future
Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly.
1. How would you explain the statement that language is used for communication?
Communication is the primary function of language. It is verbal communication that holds people in a society together. Language is usually used to convey information or interpersonal messages.
2. How do speakers of English view dogs?
In English culture, dogs are pets which can even be considered as a family member.
3. How do you define "deductive argumentation"?
Deductive argumentation means that the main thesis or the central idea is presented at the beginning of a text and that information supporting it is conveyed after it./Deductive argumentation means that the main idea precedes the supporting information.
4. What does "a Solomon" allude to?
It alludes to "a very wise man". It is derived from Solomon who was the King of Hebrews and known for his wisdom.
Ⅴ. Translation.
1. Strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。
2. pink elephants
(狂饮或吸毒后出现的)幻觉
3. He shook his head with an appreciative chuckle.
他一边摇着头,一边地嬉笑着,脸上带着赞赏的神情。
4. 很冷。
It is very cold.
5. 蝼蚁之穴能溃千里之堤。
A small leak will sink a great ship.
6. 这本书很有意思,你想看吗?
This book is very interesting. Would you like to read it?
Ⅵ. Discuss the following topics.
1. Why are branching sentence patterns preferred in English?
It is known that westerners aye good at analytic thinking. Analytic thinkers are inclined to attend to the component parts of an object, concept or event and to the relationships among them. Therefore they have a clearer picture about the relationships between the linguistic units in a sentence. Analytic thinking interacts with English, thus the branching sentence pattern dominates in English.
2. What are the five categories of touching behaviours?
Touch falls into five categories: (1)Functional-professional touch is actually impersonal touch. (2)Socio-polite touch. When it is used, we touch one another as more than mere "objects". Rather we acknowledge the other as a social role and are willing to show politeness to him or her. (3)Friendship-warmth touch is a primary means by which we let others know that we appreciate them as unique beings, individuals. (4)Love-intimacy touch includes different types of touch, such as kissing, highest level of bodily contact and is viewed primarily as an expression of physical attraction.