[参考范文] Should College Students Take Part-time Jobs? Nowadays, many college students are taking part-time jabs in their spare time. On this phenomenon, different people have different views. Opponents, especially parents of those students, think that the major task for college students is to study. Taking part-time jobs will cut into their time for study. Book knowledge is the most important. The so-called social experience can be acquired after they graduate and enter society. Supporters see many advantages in college students taking part time jobs. Firstly, it provides the students a chance to realize that money is always earned in a hard way so that they'll learn to be economical. Secondly, from a practical point of view, students can earn some money to relieve the financial burden on their parents. Thirdly, part-time jobs may lead the students out of the ivory tower to see the real world. Although opinions vary as to whether students should take part time jobs or not, it is up to the students themselves to make the decision after sizing up their own special case. If they can handle their study very well, taking a part-time job might be fun.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1. In order to manage your work more efficiently, one is supposed to turn to ______ for more suggestions, according to some experts.
books
[解析] more efficiently,more suggestions 题干中的more efficiently对应原文中的maximize efficiency,more suggestions对应原文中的additional tips,故可知此处所缺词为books。
The Australian state of Victoria is investing in a program to identify new opportunities for its food and agriculture industries. As part of this initiative the government conducted extensive research to identify which attributes of a food product are most important to consumers. As income levels rise and education levels improve, consumers around the world are becoming interested in more than just the price and quality of the food they eat. Indeed, some consumers are now willing to pay extra money for food with a special nutritional or health benefit. In addition, some consumers are also choosing food based on how it was produced, including the environmental and ethical impact of production. Victoria's Department of Primary Industries designed and researched a report that analyzes preferences for food products with "trust" attributes, specifically food safety, clean food, green food, animal welfare and ethical food production. The report also determines the relative importance of the five nominated " trust" attributes and evaluates their importance in relation to non-trust attributes, such as price and quality. "Consumers are becoming increasingly insightful when making purchasing decisions, and Victoria's ability to demonstrate the trustworthiness of food products will be vital to maintain consumer confidence in priority export markets," the report says. Between February and June 2004, the DPI interviewed 280 food industry shareholders, including retailers, wholesalers, foodservice managers, importers, distributors, and representatives of government, industry bodies and non-government organizations, in 21 of Victoria's major food markets, including France, Japan, the UK and the US. The research found, perhaps unsurprisingly, that price, quality and food safety wee the most important factors for consumers, with each factor ranked as the most important by 18%~22% of respondents (回答者). In fourth place, 8% of respondents felt taste flavor was the most important attribute of a food product for consumers, while 6% thought freshness was most important, and 3% thought the appearance packaging was most important. Health nutrition, brand image, and clean chemical free wee each considered most important by just 1%~2% of interviewees. Food safety tops the list Of the five specified "trust" factors—food safety, clean food, green food, animal welfare and ethical food production—food safety was ranked as being of high or very high importance to their organization by 95 % of respondents. It is not just consumers that food safety is important to, as one Japanese wholesaler observed "Hi has taken a long time to build our reputation for reliability with our customers and just one accident would cause us to lose everything, especially if consumers are harmed. " Clean food was ranked second in importance among the specified trust factors, with 90% of respondents rating clean food as being of high or very high importance to their organization. However, just 63% of respondents said clean food was of high or very high importance to consumers. The survey also found that there was regional variation in the definition of clean food— some respondents thought it should include Halal production methods, while others thought clean food should also be fee of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Ethics was ranked fairly high in importance to organizations, but was considered less important to consumers. While 82% of respondents rated ethics as being of high or very high importance to their organization, just 31% considered ethics to be of high or very high importance to consumers. Another finding was that ethics included many of the other trust factors, as a German government representative pointed out:"This issue covers a little of everything. It depends on the producer and on the way people, animals and the environment are treated. It depends on personal values. " Paying an extra cost for ethical foods The researchers found that the importance of ethics varied according to what aspect was mentioned: The proving of claims made on product labels was considered to be of higher importance than issues such as workers' rights, corporate responsibility and local sourcing, because it is an issue that has impact on the consumer directly. Green food was ranked relatively low in importance, with just 50% of respondents rating it as being of high or very high importance to their organization, and just 19% rating it as being of high or very high importance to consumers. Many respondents cited low consumer awareness and lack of consumer interest, and some said they believed consumers were unwilling to pay a higher price for green food products, reflecting the overall finding that higher importance is attached to factors that has impact directly on consumers. "Consumers claim to want the choice, but the category has been disappointing, leading to oversupply and price pressures for high cost producers. Price always seems to focus the Dutch minds," said one global retailer based in the Netherlands. There was also some variation in opinions about what exactly constitutes green food, with several respondents seeing it as synonymous with organic production. Of issues associated with green food, organic production was seen as the most important to consumers, while impact on the environment, ecosystem health, bio-diversity and environmental management practices were rated relatively low in importance. Gap between theory and practice Animal welfare was another low-rated trust factor, with 43% of respondents rating it as being of high or very high importance to organizations, and just 15% considering it to be of high or very high importance to consumers. Again, respondents pointed to low consumer awareness, lack of consumer interest and an unwillingness to pay an extra cost for "animal friendly" products. Many respondents also said there was a gap between what consumers say and what they do when it comes to purchasing behavior related to animal welfare issues. "This is a complex issue—it is of low importance to consumers in terms of translation into action, but high in terms of a discussion topic. A gap exists between theory and practice," said a representative of a non-government organization in India. However, the importance of animal welfare could be raised if there was a direct impact that can be seen on the consumer, for example where handling or feeding administrations affect product quality or food safety, as an airline catering supplier in Singapore illustrated "Animal welfare is important only in that it contributes to the quality of the product. The way the animal is treated and fed is crucial to the quality of the end product. " New approach Overall, respondents identified that consumers are more concerned about factors that affect them directly, such as food safety. Although consumers are considered to be generally less concerned about issues such as animal welfare and environmental management practices, these issues are not insignificant as they assume much greater importance when they have the potential to affect food quality or when public concern is heightened by specific interest groups or media reports. According to Bob Cameron, Victoria's minister for agriculture, the government's aim in carrying out such research was to develop new approaches to improve Victoria's access to international markets. It will be interesting to see how this information is used, and how it influences future product development.
2. The Australian state of Victoria is putting money in 'a program for the purpose of ______.
A.finding out new approaches to ensue food safety in Australia
B.identifying which attributes of a food product is most important to consumers
C.finding out new opportunities for its food and agriculture industries
D.identifying what has caused food safety problems in Australia
A B C D
C
3. Now some consumers are willing to pay extra money for food with a special ______.
A.health benefit or a special flavor
B.nutritional or environmental benefit
C.health or environmental benefit
D.nutritional or health benefit
A B C D
D
4. What were the most important factors for consumers, according to the DPI's research in 2004?
A.Price, quality and ethics.
B.Price, quality and freshness.
C.Price, quality and food safety.
D.Price, quality and band image.
A B C D
C
5. Concerning the definition of clean food, the survey found ______.
A.it should be free of GMOs
B.it should include Halal production methods
C.it was varied among different regions
D.it should be free of chemical fertilizer
A B C D
C
6. Among all the ethical issues of food, what was considered to be of higher importance than issues such as workers' rights? A. The proving of claims on product labels.B. Local sourcing. C. Corporate responsibility. D. Workers' personal values.
A B C D
A
7. As it was indicated by the respondents, green food was ranked relatively low in importance because of ______.
A.people's willingness to pay a higher price for green food products
B.low consumer awareness and lack of consumer interests
C.the little impact green food products have on consumers
D.consumers' disappointment in green food products
A B C D
B
8. Under what condition could the importance of animal welfare be raised?
A.When the gap between what consumers say and what they do disappears.
B.When the airline catering supplier in Singapore handles its problem properly.
C.When animals are treated so crucially that it hurts consumer's feelings.
D.When there was a direct impact that can be seen on the consumer.
A B C D
D
9. Food safety, clean food, green food, animal welfare and ethical food production are classified as the ______ of food products in the DPI research.
"trust" attributes/" trust" factors
10. Of issues associated with green food, consumers took ______ as the most important.
organic production
11. Animal welfare was a low-rated trust factor partly because consumers were reluctant to pay extra money for ______.
[解析] M: I am so relieved I just finished the story I was working on for our creative writing course. W: I haven't quite finished mine yet. I had trouble getting past the beginning. M: How come? W: Well, I was really happy to be writing a detective story. But after the first few pages, I sort of froze up mentally. I just couldn't write any more. M: The same thing happened to me. I thought it meant I lack imagination. W: Well, Prof. Wilson said it's pretty common for writers to get stuck like that. M: You went to talk to her about it? W: Actually, I went to ask for more time to finish the assignment. But instead she gave me some advice about how to keep from getting stalled writing like that. She said that the first thing I should do is just write anything that come into my head even if it doesn't make any sense, sort of warm up exercise. M: That's interesting. When I get stuck, I shift to something else, you know, do some work for one of my other courses. W: Well, he," methods seem to have worked for me. I've written most of the story, and I should be able to hand it in on time. But first I need go to the jewelry store. M: You are going shopping? Can't you wait until you finish your story? W: I am going there for my story. My detective solves a jewelry store robbery. So I want to take a look at how the .jewelry cases are arranged, where the security cameras are located, that sort of thing.
What are the speakers talking about?
抓住第一句话即可选出本题答案。 [问题类型] 细节理解题 [相关信息] ...the story I was working on for our creative writing course.
2.
A.The professor did not like her story.
B.She was taking too many courses.
C.She did not like the topic she had chosen tot her paper.
D.She had trouble finishing her assignment.
A B C D
D
[解析] What was the woman's problem?
从相关信息可得此答案。 [问题类型] 细节推论题 [相关信息] I haven't quite finished mine yet. I had trouble getting past the beginning.
3.
A.Take some extra time.
B.Put down whatever ideas she has first.
C.Do some work for another course.
D.Write the story ending first.
A B C D
B
[解析] What did the professor tell the woman to do?
从相关信息可得此答案。 [问题类型] 细节理解题 [相关信息] She said that the first thing I should do is just write anything that come into my head even if it doesn't make any sense, sort of warm up exercise.
4.
A.To do research for her story.
B.To go shopping.
C.To meet her professor.
D.To take a break from her work.
A B C D
B
[解析] Why is the woman going out?
从相关信息部分可知她去珠宝店的目的是为自己的故事做调查。 [问题类型] 推论题 [相关信息] I am going there for my story...
Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
[解析] W:You look very sleepy and tired.What’s wrong. John? Did you stay up very late last night? M:Oh,no.Well,you know,I’ve been here for only a few days.In my home country,it is still late at night now.I am suffering from jet lag.It’s so hard to overcome this. Q:What does the man mean?
[听前预测] 选项中重复出现的He和went to bed too late,hasn,t adapted to the new time等表明,本题可能考查男士没休息好的原因。 [解析] 对话中男士提到I am suffering from jet lag[D]“他还没有适应新的时间”是对男士的话的同义转述, 故为答案。[A]中的fell ill on the jet plane是针对suffering fromjet lag设的干扰项。jet lag意为“时差”。
6.
A.The man doesn't have a strong enough will.
B.The man loves horror films.
C.The man will see the film anyway.
D.The man studied for the whole night last night.
A B C D
A
[解析] M:Hey,I’ve rented a horror film from the shop near the college.Could you come over and enjoy it with me? W:You told me last night you’re going to study this morning.Your plans are always good enough,yet you rarely carry them out. Q:What can we infer from the conversation?
[听前预测] 选项均为与The man有关的完整句子表明,本题考查与男士有关的事实状况。 [解析] 对话中女士提到Your plans are always good enough,yet you rarely carry them out(你的计划总是很好,但你却很少付诸实践),[A]“男土没有足够坚强的意志力” 是对女士所说的话的同义转述,故为答案。
7.
A.Not to worry about the ticket.
B.Buy a ticket at a higher price.
C.Book an air ticket in advance.
D.Wait for others to cancel their booking.
A B C D
D
[解析] M:I can’t believe I can’t get a plane ticket for the summer holiday.I mean,it’s only March. W:Well.you know 1 wouldn’t worry about it too much.People cancel their reservations all the time. Q:What does the woman suggest the man do?
[听前预测] 选项中重复出现的ticket以及Buy…at a higher price. Book…in advance等表明,本题可能与买票的方式有关。 [解析] 对话中女士提到People cancel their res- ervations(有人会取消订票),由此可知,女士建议男士等待别人取消他们的订票,[D]中的booking与reservations 同义,故答案为[D]。[A]是女士自己的想法,而不是向男士提的建议。
8.
A.The young man had some unusual problems.
B.The problem is common for young people.
C.It's not common for young men to leave home.
D.It was a problem for John when he left home.
A B C D
B
[解析] W:John’s room was in a mess.It seemed that he had never cleaned it. M:This problem is not uncommon for a young man from home. Q:What does the man mean?
[听前预测] 由选项中重复出现的young man,problem以及leave/ left home等可知,对话与年轻男性离开家的问题有关。 对话中男士提到This problem is not un- common for a young man,[B]是对男士的话的同义转述,其中的common与not uncommon同义,故为答案。
9.
A.The man will have no choices left.
B.The man had better go there quickly.
C.The man should go when he has spare time.
D.The books are a bit scratched and are of poor quality.
A B C D
B
[解析] M:I think I’ll get my second.hand books at the Student Union this year.So many of the books we are using are the same print. W:I hope you’re not planning to take your time going there.They are usually snapped up within the first week. Q:What does the woman mean?
[听前预测] 根据意思相反的两个选项中有一个很可能是答案的命题规律,答案锁定在[B]和[C]之间。[C]中的The man should表明,女士的话为听音重点。 [解析] 对话中女士提到I hope you’re not planning to take your time(我希望你不要不着急)为听音重点,[B]是对女士的话的同义转述,故为答案。snap up意为“抢购”。
[解析] M: I hope I can rely on Peterson to lend me reference books for next week's paper. He's been my classmate ever since high school after all. W: As far as I know, he usually turns his back on anyone who needs a hand from him. Q: What does the woman imply?
[一点即通] 从对话中可以听出,虽然男士对Peterson能借给他参考书抱有希望,但是从女士的回答中可以知道Peterson不是愿意帮忙的人,理解的关键在于turn his back on anyone,故选B)项。
11.
A.Excited
B.Embarrassed.
C.Worried.
D.Relieved.
A B C D
D
[解析] W: Thank goodness! You've finally arrived. The conference started thirty minutes ago, and I was just beginning to panic. M: Sorry for my being late. The traffic was extremely heavy this morning. The Fifth Avenue was totally a mess! Q: How did the woman feel when she saw the man?
A.Surprise visits are acceptable among close friends.
B.Surprise visits are not welcome even among close friends.
C.People expect even their close friends to call them before their visits.
D.Dropping in on your friends is considered good manners.
A B C D
A
[解析] W: Harry, It's polite to call friends before a visit, isn't it? M: You are absolutely right with that! People in the West usually don't like surprise visits. But close friends often drop in on each other whenever they feel like. That's another story! Q: What does the man mean?
A.Animals will soon be allowed in Mr. Smith's building.
B.Mr. Smith is allergic to dogs.
C.She also plans to get a pet.
D.Mr. Smith will get a lift to his apartment from a friend.
A B C D
A
[解析] M: Mr. Smith is talking about getting a dog from one of his friends. W: Yeah. I hear his apartment building is about to remove the ban on pets. Q: What does the woman mean?
[一点即通] 本题关键在于to remove the ban on pets。在得知了Mr. Smith要养狗之后,女士说她听说Mr. Smith所在的公寓要撤销对养宠物的限制了。故选A)项。
14.
A.The woman doesn't need to join the chess club.
B.The woman needs lots of time to play chess.
C.He's not a very good chess player himself.
D.He's willing to teach the woman how to play chess.
A B C D
D
[解析] W: I'd really like to learn how to play the chess, it is good for relaxation, but it looks so complicated and takes ages to learn. M: Well, usually it takes a long time to be good at it. But we can go over the basics this afternoon if you like. I have no classes this afternoon anyway. Q: What does the man imply?
[一点即通] 在女士提出学下棋很复杂且需要很多时间时,男士告诉她如果只是go over the basics(掌握基本的东西)的话,一个下午的时间就足够了,而且他今天下午也没有课。言外之意就是愿意教女士下棋。故选D)项。
[解析] M: Good morning. W: Good morning. How can I help you? M: I understand that the school organizes...umm, trips to different... W: Yes, we run five every month: three during weekends and two Wednesday afternoon trips. M: What sort of places? W: Well, obviously it varies, but always places of historical interest and also which offer a variety of shopping, because our students always ask about that...and then we go for ones where we know there are guided tours, because this gives a good focus for the visit. M: Do you travel far? W: Well, we're lucky here, obviously, because we're able to say that all our visits are less than three hours' drive. M: How much do they cost? W: Again it varies--between five and fifteen pounds a head, depending on distance. M: Ah ha... W: Oh, and we do offer to arrange special trips if, you know, there are more than twelve people. M: All right. I'll keep that in mind. And what are the times normally? W: We try to keep it pretty fixed so that students get to know the pattern. We leave at eight-thirty a.m. and return at six p.m. We figure it's best to keep the day fairly short. M: Oh yes. And how do we reserve a place? W: You sign your name on the notice board. Do you know where it is? M: Ah ha. I saw it this morning. W: And we do ask that you sign up three days in advance so we know we've got enough people interested to run it, and we can cancel if necessary; with full refund of course. M: That's fine. Thanks.
How often does the school organize the trips?
信息明示题。女士明确表明学校每月组织五次旅行,故选C。
16.
A.When there are more than twelve people.
C.When there are fifteen people.
B.When there are five people.
D.When there are more than fifteen people.
A B C D
A
[解析] When will the school arrange special trips?
信息明示题。女士说如果有超过12个人的话,他们还会安排特殊的行程,故选A。
17.
A.Call the office.
C.Pay the money.
B.sign your name on the notice board in advance.
D.There is no need to reserve a place.
A B C D
B
[解析] How to reserve a place for a trip?
信息明示题。男士问该如何预约,女士回答说要在布告牌上签上自己的名字,接着还说要提前三天,故选B。 [考点] sign up意为“签约”,与sign相关的短语还有:sign for.签收;sign away签字放弃;sign in签到;sign out签名登记离开;sign up①雇用②签(报)名参加,如:There was an attempt to sign up more men for the police force, but not many signed up.警方本来打算雇用更多的人,但是报名参加的人不多。
A.Differences and similarities between two cultures.
B.American culture.
C.Japanese culture.
D.The integration of two cultures.
A B C D
A
[解析] At first glance, Japan astonishes and fascinates the American because it seems So different. All that characterizes the United States—racial and ethnic heterogeneity, newness, vast territory, and individualistic ethic — is absent in Japan. Instead one encounters an ancient and homogeneous population, traditions that emphasize the importance of groups and communal needs, with rich panoply of highly elaborate rites and ceremonies that cover every aspect of daily living, from drinking tea to saying hello. Where Americans pride themselves on a studied informality and openness, their Japanese counterparts employ formality and complexity. If Americans value time, the Japanese treasure space. While Americans have always enjoyed a sense of continental scale, employing metaphors of size to describe both the natural environment and industrial production, Japan has exerted its genius on the diminutive and the miniature. It seems appropriate for America to produce the world's airplanes, while Japan creates cameras and transistors. Yet these two cultures, so apparently opposite in almost every way, have always possessed a strange affinity for each other. Like their descendants, 19th century American visitors found the world of Japanese art, philosophy, ceremonies, and social life to be compellingly attractive. One reason is its very comprehensiveness. Japan is a filled-in culture, with few imprecisions or empty spaces. What is this passage mainly about?
根据第一句“At first glance,Japan astonishes and fascinates the American because it seems so different.”,可以选择正确答案为A。
2.
A.Ancient.
B.Complexity.
C.Individualistic.
D.Homogeneous population.
A B C D
C
[解析] Which of the following is one of the characteristics of American culture?
录音的开始提到美国的文化特点有“…racial and ethnic heterogeneity,newness,vast territory, and individualistitics ethic”,所以答案是C。
3.
A.Their comprehensiveness.
B.Their complexity.
C.Their abstruseness.
D.Their openness.
A B C D
A
[解析] What is mentioned as a reason why Japanese art,philosophy,ceremonies and social life are compellingly attractive?
根据录音提到的“One reason is its comprehensiveness.",可知答案是A。
[解析] While Gaff Obcamp, an American artist, was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners had their eyes closed. Were they turned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form or they deliberately trying to signal their rejection of her? Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful.Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes to enhance concentration. Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of a minority group in North America.Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval, while in other counties it is a form of insult. What did Obcamp's speech focus on? [解题思路] 1.四项均为名词短语。 2.三含有与日本艺术有关的词(Japanese artists,Japanese brush painting,Japanese art)。 3.三项含有表示特点或独特性的词(characteristics,features,uniqueness)。 [结论] 本题考查的内容与日本艺术的特点有关,问题很可能以what开头,需留意说话人提到的名词性短语。 [解析] 短文第一句话就提到,Obcamp是一位美国的艺术家,她正在做一个关于日本毛笔画艺术的演讲。C项中的the art of Japanese brush painting与原文中的表述完全一致,故为正确答案。
5.
A.To calm themselves down.
C.To show their impatience.
B.To enhance concentration.
D.To signal lack of interest.
A B C D
B
[解析] Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech? [解题思路] 1.四项均以to开头。 2.四项均含有与人的心理感受有关的词(calm...down,concentration,impatience,interest)。 [结论] 本题可能考查目的,并且是与人的主观心理感受有关的目的。 [解析] 短文提到,一些日本听众在听演讲的时候,将眼睛闭了起来,这令演讲者觉得很奇怪。她先是对他们闭眼睛的原因做出了一些猜测,后来才发现了真正原因:日本听众有的时候为了能更集中注意力会闭上眼睛。B项中的to enhance concentration与原文中的表述完全一致,故为正确答案。
6.
A.How listeners in different cultures show respect.
B.How speakers can win approval from the audience.
C.How speakers can misunderstand the audience.
D.How different Western and Eastern art forms are.
A B C D
A
[解析] What does the speaker try to explain? [解题思路] 1.四项均以how开头。 2.三项涉及听话者或说话者(listeners,speakers)。 3.两项含有different。 [结论] 本题可能涉及听话者与说话者之间的关系,还可能涉及某种差异。 [解析] 本题考查的是短文的主旨。短文的整体结构是“举例—概括—再举例”。其中“概括”的部分就是主旨出现的地方。文中提到,对于讲话者来说,认识到在不同文化中表达尊敬的方式不同有助于避免误会,故A项正确,其中的show是原文中signal的同义转述。
A.For not providing information about nuclear radiation leaks.
B.For a lack of transparency and failing to provide information more quickly.
C.For making a number of mistakes, including worker clothing.
D.Both B and C.
A B C D
D
[解析] Tepco has been criticized for a lack of transparency and failing to provide information more promptly and for making a number of mistakes, including worker clothing. Two workers were taken to hospital last week after wading through contaminated water with inadequate protection. They are expected to be released on Monday. Japan's nuclear watchdog said the level of radiation in water near reactor 2 was confirmed at 1,000 millisieverts an hour. "It is an extremely high figure," said spokesman Hidehiko Nishiyama. The radiation levels are so high, that emergency workers near the contaminated water would have received four times their maximum annual dose of radiation in just one hour. The nuclear safety agency said levels of radioactive iodine in the sea near the plant were 1,150 times the legal limit. Previous readings reached 1,850 times the usual level. Emergency workers have now switched to using fresh water as a coolant, rather than sea water. There had been fears the salt in sea water could further corrode machinery. The fresh water is being pumped in so that contaminated radioactive water can he extracted. The UN's nuclear agency, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), has warned the crisis could go on for months. However, the government in Tokyo has said that airborne radiation around the plant is decreasing, so there is no need to extend the evacuation zone. Tepeo's erroneous report has created more confusion around a crisis that is already causing widespread unease in the country, our correspondent says. On Sunday, anti-nuclear protesters held a large rally in Tokyo, calling for change in Japan's nuclear industry. What has Tepco been blamed for?
[解析] 信息明示题。文章开头说道:“Tepco has been criticized for a lack of transparency and failing to provide information more promptly and for making a number of mistakes,including worker clothing.”意思为由于缺乏透明度,没能及时迅捷地提供信息以及犯了很多错误,日本东京电力公司受到批评。D选项包含了日本东京电力公司受责备的两个原因,故选项D符合题意。
8.
A.Emergency workers prefer to use sea water as a coolant.
B.Emergency workers have now begun to use fresh water as a coolant.
C.Fresh water could further corrode machinery.
D.Fresh water could prevent radiation spreading.
A B C D
B
[解析] Which is the following statement TRUE?
[解析] 综合推断题。文章说道:“Emergency workers have now switched to using fresh water as a coolant,rather than sea water.”说明那些急救人员开始转向刚淡水作为冷却剂,而不用海水,故选项B符合题意。
9.
A.Radiation leaks caused widespread unease in the country.
B.Thousands of people died of radiation leaks.
C.People suffered a lot from radiation leaks.
D.Anti-nuclear protesters held a large rally in the country.
A B C D
A
[解析] What is the main idea of the passage?
[解析] 综合推断题。文章结尾处说道:“Tepco's erroneous report has created more confusion around a crisis that is already causing widespread unease in the country.”说明日本东京电力公司错误的报告引起了混乱,在这个国家也引起了广泛的不安,故选项A符合题意。
[解析] The Civil War came about as a result of many differences between the North and the South. The differences had their beginnings in the early 1800s. Tensions continued to grow for several decades. When the war began in 1861, most Americans believed the conflict would not last long. Instead, it stretched into four years of bloody fight (29) . In the end, more Americans died in the Civil War than in any war the nation had fought. The disagreements between the North and the South centered on the following five issues: slavery, tariffs, taxes, political power in the House of Representative, and the political power in the Senate (30) . People in the North had strong feelings about each of these issues. So did the people in the South. Each side had reasons for the way it felt. Many people in the North did not believe in slavery. They thought the people of the South should not own slaves. Although some southerners opposed slavery, most felt they needed slaves to raise cotton and tobacco, which were the pillar economy. on the other hand, the North's economy was based on manufacturing industry not plantation agriculture The northerners opposed slavery in the South since they had not enough people to work in their factories and wanted to get human resources (31) . In the end the North won the war and the Union was saved. When did the Civil War end? 题目问战争结束的时间,文中提到“When the war began in 1861,most Americans believed the conflict would not last long.Instead,it stretched into four years of bloody fight(战争是1861年爆发的,大部分美国人都觉得不会持续太久的。但是没想到血腥的战争持续了四年之久) ”,可见结束时间是1865年。
11.
A.Slavery.
B.The fact that the North had more political power in Senate.
C.Taxes.
D.Different political power in the House of Representative.
A B C D
B
[解析] Which issue did the North and the South NOT differ in? 题目问四个选项中哪个不是南北的分歧所在。原文提到南北的分歧主要有五个方面:slavery, tariffs,taxes,political power in the House of Representative,and the political power in the Senate。显然 B) 中的信息没有提到。
12.
A.Because they deeded workers to raise cotton and tobacco.
B.Because they thought slavery economy inhumane.
C.Because they wanted to unite their country.
D.Because their pillar economy asked for more labor forces.
A B C D
D
[解析] Why did the Northerners oppose slavery according to the passage? 题目问北方人为什么反对奴隶制。从录音中我们听到"The northerners opposed slavery in the South since they had not enough people to work in their factories and wanted to get human resources",可见北方人之所以反对南方的奴隶制,是因为北方工厂需要劳动力,需要获得人力资源。
Section C Abel Xavier, Middlesbrough's Portuguese defender, has failed a drugs test and been suspended from all football by FIFA, football's world governing body. Xavier's urine 1 sample after Boro's UEFA Cup tie in Xanthi, Greece, was found to be positive. Xavier is protesting his 2 innocence to the club. Xavier is believed to have been taking a supplement to 3 treat a virus. For the time 4 being Middlesbrough are 5 standing by Xavier, though they are making no public statements, but a further test will now follow on Xavier's sample and, if that is found to be positive, then the defender, who turns 33 next month, may be banned for a 6 sufficient period that his career is effectively over. UEFA is overseeing the investigation as the test was taken after a game under its 7 command and the relevant 8 commit tee is due to meet and report next Monday. Boro would confirm only that Xavier had failed one test. A UEFA spokesman said: "The next step would be to examine the B sample. If that was positive, he would face sanctions laid out in the protocol passed between FIFA and WADA (World Anti-Doping Agency)." 9 In English football there is no example of a player being found to have taken performing enhancing drugs, although Edgar Davids, now of Tottenham, was banned four years ago for eight months having been found with nandrolone in his system while at Juventus. 10 The ban was cut to four months on appeal. Shortly after Jaap Stam left Old Trafford he was banned for three months and fined ? 50,000 for testing positive for nandroloneo 11 (Rio Ferdinand) was suspended for eight months at Manchester United for missing a drugs test.
[解析] Abel Xavier, Middlesbrough's Portuguese defender, has failed a drugs test and been suspended from all football by FIFA, football's world governing body. Xavier's urine sample after Boro's UEFA Cup tie in Xanthi, Greece, was found to be positive. Xavier is protesting hisinnocence to the club. Xavier is believed to have been taking a supplement to treat a virus. For the time being Middlesbrough are standing by Xavier, though they are making no public statements, but a further test will now follow on Xavier's sample and, if that is found to be positive, then the defender, who turns 33 next month, may be banned for a sufficient period that his career is effectively over. UEFA is overseeing the investigation as the test was taken after a game under its command and the relevant commit tee is due to meet and report next Monday. Boro would confirm only that Xavier had failed one test. A UEFA spokesman said: "The next step would be to examine the B sample. If that was positive, he would face sanctions laid out in the protocol passed between FIFA and WADA (World Anti-Doping Agency)." In English football there is no example of a player being found to have taken performing enhancing drugs, although Edgar Davids, now of Tottenham, was banned four years ago for eight months having been found with nandrolone in his system while at Juventus. The ban was cut to four months on appeal. Shortly after Jaap Stam left Old Trafford he was banned for three months and fined ? 50,000 for testing positive for nandroloneo (Rio Ferdinand) was suspended for eight months at Manchester United for missing a drugs test.
Section A A recent study, published in last week's Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver. Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a 1 accident as a teenager driving alone. By 2 , the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger. The authors also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased 3 after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight. With 4 in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident. Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with "really stupid behavior" than with just a lack of driving 5 . "The basic issue" he says, "is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to 6 how complex and skilled a task driving is." Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使......缓解) the problem is to have states institute se-called graduated licensing systems in which getting a license is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself 7 of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passenger 8 before graduating to full driving privileges. Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes according to recent studies. About half of the states now have some sort of graduated 9 system in place, but only 10 of these states have restrictions on passengers. California is the strictest, with a novice(新手)driver prohibited from 10 any passengers under 20 (without the presence of an adult ever 25) for the first six months. A passengers B contact C experience D recognize E capable F restrictions G carrying H dramatically I contrast J accompany K acquaintance L inevitably M identify N fatal O licensing
Passage One While traveling abroad, Mr. Jackson Frank ran' short of money. So he wrote to his brother, asking for $ 500. "Send the money by telegram, "he wrote, "to the Fisher Bank in P..." After a week he began calling at the Fisher Bank. He showed his passport. "Nothing has come for you, "he was told. This went on for two weeks and Mr. Frank got very worried. He sent a telegram to his brother, asking where the money was. There was no reply, and no money arrived for him. In the fourth week Mr. Frank was .arrested for failing to pay his hotel hill. His passport was taken from him. He tried to explain the problem, but no one believed him. He was sent to prison for six days. When he came out, he went immediately to the Fisher bank. The clerk he spoke to was a nevi man. "Have you received $ 500 for me? "he ask, "My name is Jackson Frank." The clerk checked his books. "Yes, Jackson, it's here. It came by telegram. --let me see--oh, more than two months ago. We wondered where you were. "He showed Mr. Frank the order. The order read: "Pay Mr. Frank Jackson the sum of $ 500..." "But my name is Jackson Frank, not Frank Jackson." "Oh, that' s all right, sir. It was in our books under the letter 'J' , but it's your money. "The clerk laughed, "A human mistake, sir! We' re all human beings, aren't we? And so we all make mistakes. A family name like Frank sounds strange to me." Mr Frank was silent. He really wanted to hit somebody. At last he said, "A human mistake——is that what you call it? I think some humans need kicking."
1. Jackson didn't just go to his brother and get some money because______.
A.he was afraid to see his brother
B.he was in prison and was not allowed to go anywhere
C.he was traveling in a foreign country and was far from his brother
D.he knew that his brother had no money
A B C D
C
[解析] Jackson 先生没有直接去他兄弟那儿要钱,原因是…… [试题分析] 此题考查考生“根据材料进行推理”的能力。 [详细解答] 见原文第1句,“While traveling abroad,Mr Jackson ran short of money.So he wrote to his brother,asking for $500”由此推知Mr,Jackson正在国外旅行。由"send me by telegram...”推知Mr. Jackson离其兄弟甚远,所以需电报汇款。因此答案选择C。
2. A week after he had written to his brother, Jackson began______.
A.telephoning the bank
B.visiting the bank
C.shouting at the clerks of the bank
D.explaining his problem to the clerks of the bank
A B C D
B
[解析] 给他兄弟写信之后的一个星期,Jackson先生开始…… [试题分析] 此题考查学生“理解文章中某些细节”的能力。 [详细解答] 见原文第二段第一句,“After a week he began calling at the Fisher Bank...”,其中calling at即为visiting 。
3. Jackson was arrested and sent to prison because______.
A.his brother hadn't sent him any money and he couldn't pay his hotel bill
B.he had spent almost all his money and couldn't pay his hotel bill
C.he had lost all his money and couldn't pay his hotel bill
D.his brother hadn't sent hint as much money as he asked for and he couldn't pay his hotel bill
A B C D
B
[解析] Jackson先生被捕并被监禁,原因是因为…… [试题分析] 此题考查考生“利用已知信息进行判断”的能力。 [详细解答] 见原文第三段第一句"In the fourth week Mr.Frank was arrested for failing to pay his hotel bill.”因此得知Mr. Jackson被捕的直接原因是未能支付旅馆费用,四个选项均符合。使用排除法:A、D分别指出他的兄弟未汇款和他的兄弟汇款数目不足,均不正确。C他的钱丢了,更未提到,因此选择B。
4. Which of the following statements is true?
A.The money did not reach tile Fisher Bank.
B.The money reached tile wrong bank.
C.The money reached the bank after he was arrested.
D.The money reached the bank before he was arrested.
A B C D
D
[解析] 以下说法哪一个星正确的? [试题分析] 此题考考生“根据材料进行推理”的能力。 [详细解答] 通读全文知汇款到达了指定的银行,因而只能选C或D。再考虑汇款到达的时间。根据“he was sent to prison for six days.”及“it came by telegram... more than two months ago.”知汇款在Mr. Jackson被捕前就到了。因此选择D。
5. The clerks put his name under the wrong letter______.
A.through carelessness.
B.because they were human beings
C.because he had a strange name
D.by pronouncing his name incorrectly
A B C D
A
[解析] 出纳员把他的名字放在了错误的字母下面…… [试题分析] 此题考查考生“理解某些细节”的能力。 [详细解答] 见原文倒数第二段“A human mistake,sir! We're all human beings,aren't we?...”其中易造成混淆的答案是B "because they were human beings”,这是银行出纳员给自己的错误找的借口。而真正的原因是他的疏忽,因此选A。
Passage Two It is certainly surprising to find people from abroad involved in education attending seminar, institutes, and conference on American Studies in American universities. People go to the United States to learn about the issues which helped shape the American history, literature, or language. But even more surprising is to find that most of those events do not include a measurement on the Teaching of English to Speakers of Other Language. Perhaps this may have come about because the TESOL profession has extended widely and information is already readily available through a variety of means. However, what is more noticeable about this omission is that the force of the English language which has been transformed into the primary source for the formation of values and attitudes in a very large number of cultures-is itself being overlooked. As far as American Studies as a discipline is concerned, the growth and spread of the English language has proved to be not only a multiplying factor, but also the natural means through which most foreign countries get to know about the American people, their values and characteristics. Hence, neglecting a place to the teaching of English as a vehicle of the spreading of culture can place limitations on the researchers and learners alike. And this is even more relevant if we consider that most of the theoretical issues at stake in the TESOL profession have emerged due to the work and influence of American scholar. The TESOL profession was born mainly through American's involvement in a series of world conflicts that served to boost English to its current status as an international language. At present over seventy percent of the world's population receives education in or through English, either formally or informally, as most TESOL programs base their practices on American standards. TESOL professionals should thus be aware of the culture upon which their practices are based. At the same time, the field of American Studies should devote itself to finding the potential effect. American culture can have through language instruction on foreign cultures.
1. The primary purpose of this passage is to
A.suggest the way in which TESOL program is conducted should be promoted
B.show how the United States makes known to the whole world its values
C.remind people of the importance of TESOL to the American Studies
D.inform that TESOL program is the best choice in understanding the U. S.
Part Ⅴ Cloze Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them and a child rarely dislikes food 1 it is badly cooked. The 2 a meal is cooked and served is most important and an 3 served meal will often improve a child's appetite. Never ask a child 4 he likes or dislikes a food and never 5 likes and dislikes in front of him or allow 6 else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother 7 vegetables in the child's hearing he is 8 to copy this procedure. Take it 9 granted that he likes everything and he probably 10 . Nothing healthful should be omitted from the meal because of a 11 dislike. At meal times it is a good 12 to give a child a small portion and let him 13 back for a second helping rather than give him as 14 as he is likely to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child 15 meal times, but let him get on with his food, and do not 16 him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he will 17 learn to swallow his food 18 he can hurry back to his toys. Under 19 circumstances must a child be coaxed(哄骗) 20 forced to eat.
[解析] 根据句意分析,此处应为“可能”。选项B和D的差别在于用法不同,possible的结构为it is possible for somebody to do something。而likely则可用somebody is likely to do something,故选项D对。也可参见后面74题空格后的提示。
9.
A.with
B.as
C.over
D.for
A B C D
D
[解析] take something for granted是习惯表达方式,意为“认为某事当然,就认为”,因此正确答案为D。其余各项搭配关系不对。