Punctuality is valued as a good quality. However, many young people①attach little importance to it, which, in my opinion, will ②give rise to many problems. ③First, tardiness is more likely to be interpreted as a sign of disrespect and neglect instead of taking things seriously. ③Besides, if you cannot be punctual, people will naturally assume that you are irresponsible and not trustworthy. ④Who do you think the boss will assign the next important project to? Definitely not someone who is always late.⑤Thus, punctuality is more important than you may think. ⑥As the saying goes,⑦time and tide wait for none. Without punctuality, we will never finish our work in time, and precious time will be ⑧wasted in vain In one word, college students should pay close attention to punctuality. Being on time wins us trust, respect and even success in life.
①attach importance to重视 ②give rise to引起,导致 ③说理论证 ④举例论证 ⑤得出结论 ⑥as the saying goes 俗话说,常言道 ⑦time and tide wait for none 时不我待 ⑧waste sth. in vain白白浪费
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) SURVIVING IN SPACE Motion sickness troubles more than two-thirds of all astronauts upon reaching orbit, even veteran test pilots who have never been airsick. Though everyone recovers after a few days in space, body systems continue to change. Deprived(丧失) of gravity information, a confused brain creates visual illusions. Body fluids surge to chest and head. The heart enlarges slightly, as do other organs. Sensing too much fluid, the body begins to discharge it, including calcium, electrolytes (解液) and blood plasma (血浆). The production of red blood ceils decreases, rendering astronauts slightly anaemic (贫血的). With the loss of fluid, legs shrink. Spinal (脊骨的) discs expand, and so does the astronaut--who may gain five centimeters and suffer backache. Though the .process may sound terrible, astronauts adjust to k, come to enjoy it and seem no worse for wear-at least for short missions such as space shuttle flights that last a week or two. During longer flights, however, physiology enters an unknown realm. As director of Russia's Institute for Biomedical Problems from 1968 to 1988, Oleg Gazenko watched cosmonauts return from long flights unable to stand without fainting, needing to be carried from the spacecraft. "We are creatures of the Earth,” Gazenko told me. "These changes are the price of a ticket to space". Americans returning from months-long flights on Mir, the Russian space station, also paid the price, suffering losses in weight, muscle mass and bone density. NASA geared up to see how--even if--humans would survive the most demanding of space ventures, a mission to Mars, which could last up to three years. "We don't even know if a broken bone will heal in space," said Daniel Goldin, NASA's administrator. To get answers in 1997 Goldin established the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI), a panel of experts from a dozen leading universities and research institute. NSBRI will study biomedical problems and by 2010 will present NASA with a "go" or "no go" recommendation on a Mars mission. Jeffrey Sutton, leader of the medical systems team at the NSBRI, has treated the head trauma, wounds, kidney stones and heart rhythm irregularities that one could encounter on the way to Mars. On the spacecraft he envisions, Mars-hound in the year, say, 2018, there may lurk harmful bacteria or carbon monoxide. No problem. The deadly substances will be detected by smart sensors-microprocessors no bigger than a thumbnail--that wander at will through the spacecraft, communicating their finds to a computer that warns the crew. To cope with infection, Sutton plans a factory to make drugs, even new ones, to cope with possible organisms on Mars. Miniature optical and ultrasound devices will image body and brain, while a small X-ray machine keeps track of any bone loss. Smart sensors embedded in clothing will monitor an astronaut's vital functions. The crew will be able to craft body parts, Sutton says, precisely tooled to an astronaut's personal anatomy and genome stored in computer memory. Researchers are building artificial liver, bone and cartilage (软骨) tissue right now. Lying in wait beyond the Earth's atmosphere, solar radiation poses additional problems. The sun flings billions of tons of electrically charged gas into space, relegating Earth's volcanic eruptions to mere hiccups. Nevertheless, NASA officials are confident the accurate monitoring will warn astronauts of such events, allowing the crew to take refuge in an area where polyethylene (乙烯) shielding will absorb the radiation. A second kind of radiation, cosmic rays from the Milky Way or other galaxies, is a more serious threat--possessing too much energy, too much speed for shielding to be effective. "There's no way you can avoid them," says Francis Cxueinotta, manager of NASA’s Johnson Space Centre. "They pass through tissue, striking ceils and leaving them unstable, mutilated or dead. Understanding their biological effects is a priority." Another major concern is the psychological health of astronauts. And there's a new stressor on a three-year Mars Mission-people, other members of the crew. NASA found that the stresses of isolation and confinement can be brought on rapidly simply by giving people few tasks. Mir astronaut Andrew Thomas described how six astronauts were confined in a 12-foot square room for a week. "If you give them little to do, stress can be achieved in a couple of days, says Thomas. Will NSBRI meet Daniel Goldin's 2010 deadline for a decision on Mars? "Yes, we will perhaps even before. We're very confident," says Laurence Young, the director of NABRI. Mean while some of NSBRI's research may bear fruit on Earth. The institute has made one discovery that promises to save many people at risk of sudden cardiac death, usually brought on by a heart rhythm disorder called ventricular fibrillation. This kills 225,000 people in the US each year. Richard Cohen, head of the NSBR1 cardiovascular (心血管的) team, explained that zero gravity may-emphasizing "may"--incite this condition in astronauts. So the team invented a noninvasive diagnostic device that measures extremely tiny changes in heart rhythm. The team found that the device can be used as part of a standard stress test to identify patients at risk. Then pacemaker-like devices can be implanted to regulate the rhythm disorder. "This technology has the potential to save hundreds of thousands of lives," says Cohen. "NASA can be proud." Such discoveries are no accident, says Michael E. DeBakey, a cardiovascular surgeon who has saved many hearts himself. "The key word is research. When I was a medical student and a patient came to the hospital with a heart attack, things were mostly a matter of chance. Today there's a better than 95 per cent chance of surviving. Now that all comes from research. The unfortunate thing is that there are people, even some scientists, who look at the money that goes to NASA and we could use the money to support our work. That's very short sighted. The more research that's done in any area of science, the better off everyone is going to be."
1. Everyone who travels in space suffers from feelings of motion sickness initially.
N
[解析] 题干出现了everyone这样表示绝对含义的字眼,尤其要注意。文章的首句即指出more than two- thirds,而非所有进行太空旅行的人都会如此。
2. Astronauts are likely to increase in height while in space.
Y
[解析] 第一段中提到so does the astronaut—who may gain five centimeters,说明宇航员有可能增加身高, may对应着题干中的likely to,gain five centimeters则是increase in height的具体表现。
3. It's important for astronauts to exercise in order to keep their muscles fit.
NG
[解析] 文章第三段首句提到suffering losses in weight,muscle,但并未表明需要进行锻炼。题干的内容在文章中找不到依据。
4. Scientists have found a way of protecting astronauts from solar radiation.
Y
[解析] 针对solar radiation的内容出现在第六段,最后一句提到polyethylene shielding will absorb the radiation,说明科学家已经找到了一种防太阳辐射的方法。
5. If astronauts are given tasks to do, they quickly begin to suffer from stress.
N
[解析] 题干中的stress属于psychological health的问题,文中指出stresses……brought on rapidly simply by giving people few tasks,下一句接着提到give them little to do,few和little都是否定表达,题干中为肯定表达,故错误。
6. Scientists aim to develop technology that can recognize psychological states.
NG
[解析] 在出现心理方面内容的第八段查找题干的内容,没有提到科学家以发明辨别心理状态的技术为目标。
7. The passage mainly describes the psychological health risks during the voyage to Mars.
8. In the US each year, sudden cardiac death, caused by a heart-rhythm disturbance called ventricular fibrillation results in the deaths of _______________________.
D.He thinks Professor White has chosen an interesting topic.
A B C D
B
[解析] W: Professor White's presentation seemed to go on forever. I was barely able to stay awake. M: How could you sleep through it? It is one of the best that I have ever heard on this topic. Q: What does the man think of Professor White's presentation?
[解析] M: Do you know James? He is in your class. W: Certainly. In fact he was the first person I got to know in my class. I still remember the look on his face when he showed up late on the first day of school. Q: Why did the woman remember James so well?
[解析] W: The man at the garage thinks that 1 take good care of my car. M: So do I. I can't see any scratches on the outside, and the inside is clean,too. Q: What does the man think of the woman's car?
[解析] W: Hi, Tony. How did your experiment go yesterday? M: Well, it wasn't as easy as I had thought. I have to continue doing it tonight. Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
[解析] M: Hello. W: Good evening, Sir. Is this Mr. Charles Philips? M: Yes, it is. W: Well, Mr. Phillips. This evening, I'm calling to offer you a special discount on. M: Ah, no, let me guess. You want to sell a subscription to the newspaper or a great deal on airfare to Hawaii, right? Or, you want to offer me an unbelievable bargain on flamenco dance lessons. W: No, no, actually ... Mr. Jones. Oh, sorry. That was the last guy. Uh, we want to offer you a free trial membership to our sports club downtown at the introductory price of $ 39.95. M: $39.95!? I thought you said free! Uh, listen. I'm not interested. W: Well, it includes unlimited access to all our facilities, including the gym, weight room, tennis courts, and swimming pool. M: Again, I'm not interested. I have my own fitness program I do around the house anyway. W: Well, this is a once-in-a-lifetime deal. M: No. Like I said, I'll pass this time. And please put me on your "don't call" list. W: Okay. It'll take between four and six months before your name will be removed from our database. You might be called by another representative during that time. M: Months? How can you do this? Ah, man Ah, great. W: Have a nice evening, Mr. Williams. M: Ah, man. Wait a moment! Wait... Q: What product or service is the telemarketer promoting?
[听前预测] 根据选项推测提问推销何种产品或服务。 [答案解析] 根据关键词... a free trial membership to our sports club... 可知女士在向男士推销健身俱乐部的会员服务,故B)项正确。
7.
A.Access to free meals and drinks.
B.Use of fitness rooms.
C.Unrestricted use to a swimming pool.
D.Unlimited use of tennis courts.
A B C D
A
[解析] Q: Which special feature is not part of this offer?
[听前预测] 选项都是各种优惠服务,推测提问服务内容。 [答案解析] 根据关键词... unlimited access to all our facilities, including the gym, weight room, tennis courts, and swimming pool可知服务并不包括免费用餐和饮料,其中weight room即fitness room, 故A)项正确。
[解析] W: I don't know why we haven't heard anything from Jane about Sunday. M: We've been in and out all week. Maybe we should try calling her. Q: What does the man say about Jane?
[解析] W: I'm calling to check on the status of my TV. M: Well, the new parts have just come in so it should be ready by Friday. Q: What will the man do possibly?
[解析] W: How about seeing the new movie at the North Part Theater tonight? M: Sounds great. But I got to go over my notes for tomorrow's mid-term. Q: What can we know about the man?
女士说“令久晚上去North Part 剧院看新上映的电影怎么样?”男士说“听起来不错。不过我必须复习笔记,明天期中考试。”本题问“关于男士我们知道些什么?”男士说去看电影的主意真是不错,但是自己不得不复习功课,准备明天的期中考试。也就是说他虽然因为准备考试去不了,但心里还是想去的。故[B]“男士希望自己能去看电影”正确。
15.
A.He should do the experiment later.
B.He must be extremely careful.
C.She is willing to do the experiment for him.
D.She's sure he is not right.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: I think I've got this experiment set up right now. W: You only think it's right? In chemistry, you've got to be sure. Q: What does the woman imply?
C.Buying the meal ticket won't save the man money.
D.The price of a meal varies according to the date.
A B C D
C
[解析] M: Would it be better to buy a monthly meal ticket or pay for each meal separately? W: What difference does it make? The price per meal is the same either way. Q: What does the woman imply?
C.A black snow of harmful pollutants fell on a town in Sweden.
D.Natural cycles of wildlife.
A B C D
C
[解析] On December 25,1969, a black snow covered the shores of Lake Veteran, in Sweden. It seemed as though a layer of oil was on the land. This sad event disturbed the natural habits of the wildlife. Birds, their wings covered with oil, could not fly. Rabbits slipped and fell on the muddy surface. What caused this unusual incident? A group of scientists from Stockholm's Ecological Center set off at once to solve the mystery. After careful observation, they found the snow to be a mixture of harmful industrial pollutants. One of these was DDT, an insect-killing poison which is harmful to people, too. These substances had combined with water droplets in the air, and condensed as frozen rain. The rain, like a black dye, poured over snow that had fallen the night before. The black rain seeped into clothing too, and proved impossible to remove. This strange snow had not been an accident of nature. It was the fault of human beings.
What is the main idea of this passage?
2.
A.An insect-killing poison.
B.Snow.
C.A layer of oil.
D.A black dye.
A B C D
A
[解析] What combined with water droplets in the air and then formed black rain?
C.The international cooperation in health improvement.
D.The shortage of health care workers.
A B C D
D
[解析] The World Health Organization says 57 nations in southern Africa and Southeast Asia are facing a serious shortage of health care workers. This crisis is affecting how governments fight diseases and improve health. The W. H. O says more than 4 million additional doctors, nurses and other health workers are urgently needed to improve the situation. The warning came in a new W. H.O. report released on April 7th--World Health Day. The report says the health cam crisis is most severe in southern Africa. The continent has 11 percent of the world's population, but only 3 percent of the world's health care workers. W. H.O. official Timothy Evans says part of the problem is caused by rich nations that offer high-paying jobs to doctors and nurses from poor countries. In addition, Mister Evans says few trained health care professionals are working where they are needed most. These in poor countries usually work in cities instead of farming areas. The W. H.O. report provides a ten-year plan to deal with the crisis. It calls for national leadership and new policies for health workers. It also urges more international assistance and foreign aid. The report says that nations facing the most serious shortages must increase health care spending and use public money for health care effectively. What is the passage mainly about?
A.Because they will get better training in other countries.
B.Because they cannot cope with the large population in poor countries.
C.Because they will get better payment in rich countries.
D.Because they prefer working in cities to working in countryside.
A B C D
C
[解析] Why do some health care workers leave those poor countries?
短文提到,W.H.O. official Timothy Evans says part of the problem is caused by rich nations that offer high-paying jobs to doctors and nurses from poor countries.由此可见,卫生保健人员离开的部分原因在于富裕的国家向他们提供了薪酬很高的工作。据此可以断定[C]“因为他们在富裕国家可以得到更高的报酬”正确。
6.
A.New policies for doctors and nurses.
B.Control of the population in poor countries.
C.International support and foreign help.
D.Increase in health care expenditure.
A B C D
B
[解析] Which of the following is NOT included in the ten-year plan of the WHO?
本题问“世界卫生组织的十年计划中没有提到下列哪一项?”短文结尾提到,It calls for national leadership and new policies for health workers.It also urges more international assistance and foreign aid. The report says that nations facing the most serious shortages must increase health care spending... 也就是说,文中提到了[A]“为医生和护士制定新的政策”,[C]“国际支持和国外帮助”和[D]“增加保健护理方面的支出”,但并没有提到贫困国家的人口控制问题。据此可以断定[B]“控制贫困国家的人口”正确。
[解析] It is logical to suppose that things like good labor relations, good working conditions, good wages and benefits, and job security motivate workers. But one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers, they are merely satisfiers. Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility. However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there are always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs, and lots of unskilled people who have to do them. So how do managers motivate people in such jobs? One solution is to give them some responsibilities, not as individuals, but as part of a team. For example, some supermarkets combine office staff, the people who fill the shelves, and the people who work at the checkout into a team. And let them decide what product lines to stock, how to display them, and so on. Many people now talk about the importance of a company shared values or culture, with which all the staff can identify. For example, being the best hotel chain, or making the best, the most user friendly, or the most reliable products in a particular field. Such values are more likely to motivate workers than financial targets, which ultimately only concern a few people. Unfortunately, there is only a limited number of such goals to go around. And by definition, not all the competing companies in an industry can seriously play in to be the best. What can actually motivate workers according to Frederick Herzberg? [答案解析] 细节题。原文提到Motivators,in contrast,include things such as having a challenging and interesting job,recognition and responsibility.(与之相对,起激励作用的包括富有挑战性和趣味性的工作,赞誉以及责任感。)A是说工作安全性;B是说好的工作关系;D是说高薪和福利。这三项在文章第一句话中出现,但Frederick Herzberg认为这些do not motivate workers(并不能激励员工)。因此C是正确答案。
8.
A.Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually.
B.More and more unskilled workers will lose jobs.
C.Computers will change the nature of many jobs.
D.Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable.
A B C D
A
[解析] What does the speaker say about jobs in the computer era? [答案解析] 细节题。本题询问作者对电脑信息时代工作的看法。文章中提到However,even with the development of computers and robotics,there are always plenty of boring,repetitive and mechanical jobs,and lots of unskilled people who have to do them.(尽管电脑和机器人技术不断发展,还是存在那些无聊的、重复和机械的工作,需要那些没有一技之长的人完成它们。)选项A中tedious“无聊的”,manually“手工做地”,与原文相对应。B是说越来越多的没有一技之长的工人将失业;C是说计算机将会改变许多工作的性质;D是说枯燥的工作将会渐渐变得有趣,均与原文不符。因此A为正确答案。
9.
A.Offer them chances of promotion.
B.Improve their working conditions.
C.Encourage them to compete with each other.
D.Give them responsibilities as part of a team.
A B C D
D
[解析] What do some supermarkets do to motivate their employees? [答案解析] 细节题。本题询问超市如何激励员工努力工作。在文中激励超市员工工作是作者引用的一个事例,但是问题本身针对的是总结性的答案。即出现在for example前的总结句:Give them some responsibilities,not as individuals,but as a part of a team.(分给他们责任,不是把他们作为单个的个人,而是作为闭队的一部分。)关键词responsibilities.team都出现在选项D中。A是说提供给员工升职的机会;B是说改善工作环境;C是说鼓励员工与他人竞争,文中均未提及。因此D为正确答案。
10.
A.They will not bring real benefits to the staff.
B.They concern a small number of people only.
C.They are arbitrarily set by the administrators.
D.They are beyond the control of ordinary workers.
A B C D
B
[解析] Why does the speaker say financial targets are less likely to motivate workers? [答案解析] 细节题。本题询问为什么金钱诱惑刺激不了工作热情。答案出现在结尾处Such values are more likely to motivate workers than financial targets,which ultimately only concern a few people.(团队精神更能激起工作热情,因为金钱利益最终只会与团队中的个别人相关。)B选项是原文only concern a few people的同义转述。A是说它不能给员工带来真正的利益;C是说它是由管理层独断设立的;D是说它超出了一般员工的掌控,文中均未提及。因此B为正确答案。
Section C How you learn as a student in the knowledge economy may be a little different to how you have gone about your learning in the past. One of the main difference is you don't have to turn up for class at 1 time because there are no lectures. While this might disappoint some people, the fact of the matter is that research 2 shows that lecturing is the least effective teaching method. This is because, with a few exceptions, students play a passive role which usually amounts to 3 learning. One of the great benefits provided by the now ubiquitous (无所不在的) information and communication 4 is the opportunity for more a holistic (整体的) learning environment; one that's inclusive, 5 , highly interactive and "most importantly" relevant to the needs of learners. The days of information transmission are over. Online learning 6 instead on developing your power of 7 and synthesis, not your ability to memorise facts and figures. The thinking, simply, is that in the information age, information is everywhere. It is literally and metaphorically at our fingertips. The 8 , therefore, 9 . Online education today means something alternative. 10 . After that we might some day rename perhaps "distance learning" into "collaborative learning". 11 .
[解析] How you learn as a student in the knowledge economy may be a little different to how you have gone about your learning in the past. One of the main difference is you don't have to turn up for class at specific time because there are no lectures. While this might disappoint some people, the fact of the matter is that research consistently shows that lecturing is the least effective teaching method. This is because, with a few exceptions, students play a passive role which usually amounts to surface learning. One of the great benefits provided by the now ubiquitous (无所不在的) information and communication technologies is he opportunity for more a holistic (整体的) learning environment; one that's inclusive, authentic, highly interactive and "most importantly" relevant to the needs of learners. The days of information transmission are over. Online learning focuses instead on developing your power of analysis and synthesis, not your ability to memorise facts and figures. The thinking, simply, is that in the information age, information is everywhere. It is literally and metaphorically at our fingertips. Our challenge, therefore, is to make some sense of this information and, in the process, transform it into knowledge. Online education today means something alternative. We should concentrate more on "online learning" than "distance learning", and rethink roles of learners and teachers. After that we might some day rename perhaps "distance learning" into "collaborative learning". Just because physical distances are not that important anymore for pointing it specially out.
[一点即通] 句意推断。此处应填形容词修饰time;传统的听课需要在特定的时间进行。
2.
consistently
[解析] 语义推断。空格处前后不缺少成分,可知需要一个副词。
3.
surface
[解析] 句意推断。此处需要一个词修饰learning;surface“表面,浅层次”。
4.
technologies
[解析] 语义推断。此处需要注意空格后的is是句首one of the great benefits的谓语,而technology在这里是复数形式。
Section A Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the students. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the 1 in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The 2 student is considered to be one who is motivated (激发) to learn for the sake of learning, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned with brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the students is 3 for learning the material assigned. When research is 4 , the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with 5 guidance. It is the student responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain how a university library works; they expect students, 6 graduate students, to be able to exhaust the reference 7 in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but 8 that their students should not be hate dependent on them. In the United States professors have many other duties besides teaching, such as administrative or research work therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a students outside of class is 9 . If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either 10 a professor during office hours or make an appointment. A. ideal I) approach B. responsible J) assigned C. minimum K) information D. distribute L) abstract E. context M) exactly F. sources N) prefer G. dismissed O) particularly H) limited
1.
K
[解析] information意为知识。本句instructors except students to be familiar with the ______ in the reading even if they do not discuss…大意为老师除了希望学生熟知在课堂上所讨论的和考试的……还希望学生熟悉阅读里的______。学生在课堂上和考试中所掌握的都是与学习的知识有关,那么此处联系上下文的句意可知应该是老师希望学生熟悉阅读的知识。所以应填information。
Passage One Most Americans would agree, one of the United States' most pressing social problems is the breakdown of the two-parent family. Today, millions of American children grow up without fathers, often in poverty. Too often, these children lack the love and guidance they desperately need -- and which they would ordinarily receive from two responsible parents. Traditionally, American parents have placed the needs of their children above their own, often delaying their own gratification (享受) or sacrificing material comforts in the interests of their children's future. At present, however, nearly one half of all new marriages end in divorce, with often troubling consequences for the children involved. Worse, every year, thousands of teenage, unmarried Americans become mothers outside the context of wedlock (婚姻) altogether, with generally disastrous results for the mothers and children alike and for American society more generally. In refreshing contrast, Chinese continue to value intact marriages. This is not to say that Chinese marriages are all perfect -- they certainly are not, judging from increasing rates of divorce and extramarital (婚外的) affairs -- but the willingness of Chinese to set aside their own needs and stay together for the sake of the children is admirable and worthy of study.
1. The passage is mainly concerned with ______.
A.The breakdown of the two-parent family in the United States
B.The Chinese marriage is a good example for Americans
C.The influence of divorce over children
D.The necessity for parents to place the needs of their children above their own
3. According to the author, parents should ______.
A.give their children love and guidance
B.sacrifice everything for their children
C.never divorce if they have children
D.avoid troubling their children if they want to divorce
A B C D
A
细节题。见本文第三行these children lack…from two responsible parents(这些孩子缺少他们极度需要的、本应从负责的父母那儿能得到的爱和指引)。因此,作者认为“父母应该给予孩子爱和指导”,A项为正确选择。
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Now American parents place their own needs above their children's.
B.Unmarried mothers have to bring up their children in poverty.
C.Divorce rate in the United States has reached 50%.
D.Chinese marriages are worth studying because Chinese parents place the needs of their children above their own.
A B C D
D
细节题。见本文最后一句the willingness of Chinese…is admirable and worthy of study(中国人把自己的需要放在一边,为了孩子情愿维持家庭,值得赞赏和学习)。由此可知,根据本文,正确的说法是D项“因为中国父母置孩子的需要于自身需要之上,中国人的婚姻值得学习”。
Passage Two It is simple enough to say that since books have classes: fiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow-worker and accomplice (同谋). If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fitness(委婉之处), from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Immerse yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite. The thirty-two chapters of a novel—if we consider how to read a novel first—are an attempt to make something as formed and controlled as a building, but words are more impalpable than bricks, reading is a longer and more complicated process than seeing. Perhaps the quickest way to understand the elements of what a novelist is doing is not to read, but to write; to make your own experiment with the dangers and difficulties of words. Recall, then, some event that has left a distinct impression on you--how at the comer of the street, perhaps, you passed two people talking. A tree shook; an electric light danced; the tone of the talk was comic, but also tragic; a whole vision, an entire conception, seemed contained in that moment.
1. The author mean that ______ by saying "Yet few people ask from books what books can give US".
A.lots of people read few books
B.readers have only absorbed part of knowledge in books
C.few people have a proper idea about what content some kind of books should include
D.readers can scarcely understand most of the books
Part Ⅴ Cloze A summary of the physical and chemical nature of life must begin, not on the Earth, but in the Sun; in 1 at the Sun's very center. It is here that is to be found the 2 of the energy that the Sun pours out into space is 3 The energy takes the form of light and heat. This energy is 4 at the center of the Sun as billions 5 billions of nuclei of hydrogen atoms 6 with each other and fuse together to form nuclei of helium, and in doing so, 7 some of the energy that is 8 in the nuclei of atoms. The 9 of light and heat of the Sun 10 that some 600 million tons of hydrogen be 11 into helium (氦) in the Sun every second. This the Sun has been doing for several thousands of millions of years. The nuclear energy is released at the Sun's center as high-energy gamma radiation, 12 of electromagnetic radiation like light and radio waves, only of very much shorter 13 . This gamma radiation is absorbed by atoms inside the Sun to be 14 at slightly longer wavelengths. This radiation, in its 15 is absorbed and reemitted. As the energy filters through the 16 of the solar interior, it passes through the X-ray part of the spectrum 17 becoming light. At this stage, it has reached what we call the solar surface, and can escape into space without being absorbed further by solar atoms. A very small 18 of the Sun's light and heat is emitted in such directions that 19 passing unhindered through interplanetary space, it 20 the Earth.
[解析] 动词辨义题。该句意为:数十亿计的氢原子核在太阳的核心碰撞并且聚变生成氦,从而释放出能量。根据前文的the Sun... pours out into space as light and heat. 也可判断该处是详细说明太阳是怎样释放能量的。故选择liberated“释放,解放”。set,意为“放置”,能量被放置在太阳核心,讲不通;chase意为“追捕,追逐”;expel意为“驱逐”,与原文意思无关联,可排除。
5.
A.in
B.to
C.upon
D.at
A B C D
C
[解析] 介词辨义题。此处表达的意思是:数十亿计的。应选用搭配billions upon billions“数十亿计的”。 upon有累加的意思。
6.
A.deal
B.collide
C.meet
D.charge
A B C D
B
[解析] 动词辨义题。hydrogen atoms ... with each other and fuse together to form nuclei of helium. 该句是对氢原子核生成氦的具体描述。氢原子核在怎样后。才能通过融合聚变成氦。可推测,氢原子核只有在首先相碰撞后,才能融合。故选择collide“碰撞”。deal with意为“处理”;meet意为“遇见,碰见”,表达不出相互撞击,相互接触的意思;be charged with是固定搭配,意为“被指控……”,与原文无关,可排除。
[解析] 动词辨义题。some of the energy that is... in the nuclei of atoms“释放出______ 在原子核中的一些能量”,可推测能量必然是储藏在原子核中的,故选择store“储藏,储存”。strain意为“拉近,过分使用,使劳累”;hide意为“隐藏”,文中只是储存的意思,并不带隐蔽的,秘密的这一感情色彩;put意为“放置”,能量是自然存在于原子核中的,并非人为放置,故可排除。
[解析] 名词辨义题。此处意在说明:high-energy gamma radiation“高能伽马射线”是electromagnetic radiation“电磁射线”中的一种。故应选择form“形式”,a form of意为“……的一种形式”。a matter of意为“是……的问题”,如it is a matter of time;a variety of意为“多种多样的”,伽马射线是多种多样的电磁射线,讲不通;forum意为“论坛”,与原文无关,可排除。
[解析] 固定搭配题。in its turn意为“轮流,轮到做……”。该句意为:这同轮到这些新的射线再次被吸收,而后释放。
16.
A.layouts
B.layers
C.floors
D.storeys
A B C D
B
[解析] 名词辨义题。filter through意为“渗透”。该句描述的是“能量从太阳内部怎样地渗透出来”,可推测是指层层渗透,即through the layers of the solar interior,故选择B)项。layout意为“布局,安排”,词形相近,词义不同;floor。和storey都是指“楼层”,不准确,可排除。