PART ONE A Through political dialogue and confidence building, no tension has escalated into armed confrontation among ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) member countries since its establishment more than three decades ago. To build on what has been constructed over the years in the field of political and security cooperation, the ASEAN leaders have agreed to establish the ASEAN Security Community (ASC). The ASC aims to ensure that countries in the region live at peace with one another and with the world in a just, democratic and harmonious environment. The members of the Community regard their security as fundamentally linked to one another and bound by geographic location, common vision and objectives. B EU (European Union) countries account for a small percentage of the world's population. They must therefore continue pulling together if they are to be able to compete on the world stage with other major economies。No individual EU country is strong enough to go it alone in world trade. The European single market provides companies with a vital platform for competing effectively on world markets. Half a century of European integration has shown that the EU as a whole is greater than the sum of its parts: it has much more economic, social, technological, commercial and political clout than if its member states had to act individually. C NAFTA (The North American Free Trade Agreement) has substantially liberalised trade in services and has opened government procurement markets, including procurement in services and construction markets. The agreement makes it illegal for the parties to discriminate between national and foreign producers in the trading of services, government markets and investment. One prime benefit of NAFTA is that the NAFTA agreement encourages greater immigration between the three countries. D WTO (World Trade Organisation) rules, agreed by member countries, limit the role that governments can play in their national economies. These include the level of taxes charged on goods coming into a country, goods quotas, support for national industry, and subsidies for farmers, Virtually any economic policy (and some social policies) that a government can make is restricted by what is agreed at the WTO. This means that elected governments do not have a full range of policy options open to them—their range is narrowed by the WTO.
1. Each member state itself in this international organisation has less competitive edge.
B
[解析] Each member state itself…less competitive edge. [对应线索] …the EU as a whole…greater than the sum of its parts… [答案精解] 题目意为:该国际组织中的每一个成员国个体的竞争力较弱。B段指出“…the EU as a whole is greater than the sum of its parts: it has much more economic, social I technological I commercial and political clout than if its member states had to act individually.”即:欧盟作为一个整体比各成员国相加的总和更强大:欧盟所具有的经 济、社会、技术、商务和政治的影响力比各成员国单打独斗要强得多。因此,可推断出B段符合题意。
2. Between the member states of this international organisation, government purchasing markets are opened to each other.
C
[解析] …government purchasing markets are opened to each other. [对应线索] …has opened government procurement markets… [答案精解] 题目意为:在这个国际组织的各成员国之间,政府采购市场相互开放。c段指出“…has substantially liberalised trade in services and has opened government procurement markets I including procurement in services and construction markets.”即:实现了充分的贸易自由化而且开放了政府采购市场,包括开放服务业和建筑业的采购市场。其中,文中的opened government procurement markets对应于题干中的government purchasing markets are opened to each other。因此,可推断出C段符合题意。
3. This international organisation pays special attention to the world peace and a harmonious environment for development.
A
[解析] …the world peace and a harmonious environment… [对应线索] …live at peace with one another…in a just, democratic and harmonious environment [答案精解] 题目意为:本国际组织关注世界和平以及创造和谐的发展环境。A段指出“…aims to ensure that countries in the region live at peace with one another and with the world in a…just, democratic and harmonious environment.”即:(该组织的)目标是确保本地区的国家之间以及与世界其他国家之间和平共处,创造正义、民主、和谐的发展环境。其中,文中live at peace with one another…in a harmonious environment与题干中的world peace and a harmonious environment相对应。因此,可推断出A段符合题意。
4. For member states in this international organisation, governmental activities are limited in their economy.
D
[解析] …governmental activities are limited in their economy. [对应线索] …limit the role that governments can play in their national economies. [答案精解] 题目意为:在本国际组织的各成员国经济发展中,政府活动受到了限制。D段指出“WTO (World Trade Organisation) rules, agreed by member countries, limit the role that governments can play in their national economies. ”即:成员国遵守的世界贸易组织的规定限制了政府在国家经济中所起的作用。其中,文中的limit the role that govemments can play in their national economies对应于题干中的governmental activities are limited in their economy。因此,可推断出D段符合题意。
5. This international organisation has existed for more than 30 years.
A
[解析] …existed for more than 30 years. [对应线索] …since its establishment more than three decades ago. [答案精解] 题目意为:该国际组织存在了30多年了。A段指出,通过政治对话和彼此间建立互信,东盟成员国之间的紧张关系自从东盟成立三十多年来从未升级成武装冲突。其中,文中的more than three decades ago与题干中的for more than 30 years相对应。因此,可推断出A段符合题意。
6. For this international organisation, uniting as an integrated part makes it easier to face fierce international competition.
B
[解析] …uniting as an integrated part makes it easier to face fierce international competition. [对应线索] …pulling together…to compete on the world stage with other major economies…the EU as a whole is greater than the sum of its parts… [答案精解] 题目意为:对于该国际组织来说,团结为一个整体使应对激烈的国际竞争变得更容易。B段指出“欧盟国家人口占世界人口的比例很小。因此,欧盟各成员国如果与其他的主要经济体在世界舞台上竞争的话,就必须不断地联合在一起。任何一个欧盟成员国都没有强大到足以在世界贸易中独领风骚。然后指出:“Half a century of European integration has shown that the EU as a whole is greater than the sum of its parts…”即:欧洲一体化半个世纪的历史已经表明:欧盟作为一个整体比各成员国相加的总和更强大。因此,可推断出B段符合题意。
7. In this international organisation, citizens in each country can migrate to the other countries more freely.
C
[解析] …migrate to the other countries more freely. [对应线索] …encourages greater immigration… [答案精解] 题目意为:在该国际组织范围内,各国公民能更加自由地移民到其他国家。c段指出北美贸易协定极大地将服务业贸易自由化,而且开放了政府采购市场,其中包括服务业以及建筑业的采购市场。然后指出“One prime benefit of NAFTA is that the NAFTA agreement encourages greater immigration between the three countries, ”即:北美贸易协定的一个主要优势在于其鼓励三个成员国之间的移民。其中,文中的greater immigration与题干中的migrate to the other countries freely相对应。因此,可推断出C段符合题意。
PART TWO
Electronic Commerce
At the beginning of the 1990s, no one had heard of the Internet, apart from a few researchers and academics. Increasingly, no matter what business you are in, whether it be services, manufacturing, or the primary, sector, the capacity to access and process information, and to interact more directly and speedily with suppliers and customers, is becoming the central means of creating value. Today, electronic commerce is having an effect on the way many New Zealanders do business. 1 .It has become clear that younger people especially are creating their own Internet-based businesses instead of working for someone else. Equally, a growing number of New Zealanders of all ages and from all walks of life are grasping the opportunities the Internet offers. All these businesses are creating exciting new products and services and are adding value and dynamism to the economy. 2 .Markets are changing and customers are becoming more demanding. Labour, products, and services flow ever more easily across international borders. 3 .Just ten years later, some 360 million people around the world have Internet access, and the number of Internet users continues to grow rapidly. In 2000, IDC, a research company, estimates that the value of New Zealand's Internet-based electronic commerce will exceed $800 million. That is not counting New Zealand's wholesale electricity market, which in itself is worth a billion dollars annually, and which operates the first electricity trading system in the world accessible through the Internet. E-commerce is available to a multinational company. 4 . 5 .The software that makes the Internet work is in the public domain. Anyone can install it for free. The Internet Service Providers (ISPs) who sell you Internet access are often owned by large companies, which also own the telecommunications networks over which the Internet runs, but they don't own the Internet itself. No one does. A.Although this new environment provides opportunities, it poses risks as well. B.The Internet, On the other hand, is an open network. C.At the beginning of the 1990s, no one had heard of the Internet, apart from a few researchers and academics. D.It means that our business can operate in the global environment, participating in global networks and e-commerce means on-line trading, that is, buying and selling goods and services over electronic networks. E.New opportunities for exporting, for creating new businesses, and for growing established businesses are resulting. F.In 2000, the government launched an e-commerce strategy to encourage economic growth and innovation in New Zealand through promotion of e-commerce and technology-based business. G.The emergence of the Internet in the 1990s has fuelled the recent rapid growth of electronic commerce, and this in turn is changing the nature of business.
When David Hayden realised his company was heading for trouble, he took drastic measures to get it back on track
David Hayden founded his company, Critical Path, an email provider, in 1997 to take advantage of the boom in email traffic. Critical Path became a public company two years later, and Hayden took the opportunity to step down from his executive position in order to work on personal projects. At the same time, he agreed to stay with the company as Chairman, but the business was put in the hands of new managers by its investors. With sector-leading products and an expanding market, the company seemed to be on the up and up. However, by early 2001, it was in trouble. Shares that had been worth $26 in 1999, when they were first sold, were down to a mere 24 cents. Called in by a panicking board, Hayden found himself back in charge as Executive Chairman, trying desperately to rescue what he could. The 1,100 staff had lost confidence in the company and did not know what was going to happen to them. And, as Hayden discovered, the management team was incompetent. 'Those guys didn't understand the product or the sector,' says Hayden. 'The heads of department didn't communicate and they didn't lead.' But what was worse, Critical Path had lost the goodwill of its investors. Hayden knew that bringing the figures under control would be a vital step in the company's turnaround. 'You've got to sort out the finances. For me, that meant getting back the goodwill of the investors. That was tough, after what had happened. But although they were angry with the company, they didn't have bad feelings about me. I told them that I knew I could get the company on its feet again.' He was authorised to make whatever changes were required, and his first act was to find people within the company he could trust and put them in charge. The next thing Hayden had to tackle was morale. 'Everyone left the office at five on the dot-they couldn't get away quickly enough. To get the buzz back and win the staff over, I had to prove my own commitment and put in the extra hours with them.' In return, it was assumed that nobody would ask for overtime pay until the company was on its feet again. Contrary to normal practice, Hayden was reluctant to lay people off, and apart from not replacing people as they reached retirement age, he left the workforce largely unchanged, although he did identify key people throughout the company who were given more responsibility. But, as Hayden insists, before a company reaches such a crisis, there are warning signs that any financial director or accountant should take note of. 'A business that has an unrealistic pricing policy or has to negotiate extended credit with its suppliers is in trouble,' is his message. 'Or if you often have to apply for your overdraft limit to be raised or have trouble paying tax on time, something needs to be done.' By 2003, the company was healthy again, with reasonably stable finances and a modest but steady share price of $1.60. 'One thing that helped save us was that our technology worked,' says Hayden. 'With 20 million email accounts, we never lost a single major client because the product kept on working.' With ideas for a fresh venture demanding his attention elsewhere, Hayden has moved on. 'It was time to go,' he says. 'I'm not a turnaround specialist. I prefer start-ups.'
1. What event coincided with Critical Path becoming a public company?
A.Hayden became the Executive Director of Critical Path.
B.Investors hired a replacement team to run Critical Path.
C.Critical Path launched a successful new product on the market.
D.Critical Path was floated on the Stock Exchange at 24 cents per share.
A B C D
B
2. Which of the following situations did Hayden face at Critical Path in 2001?
A.The employees were worried about job security.
B.The investors were calling for changes to the company structure.
C.The management was misleading the staff about the company's position.
D.The board of directors did not realise the scale of the company's problems.
A B C D
A
3. One reason Hayden was able to turn Critical Path around was that
A.he managed to find new investors.
B.the financial situation was not as bad as he had thought.
C.he had built up a good relationship with the management team.
D.he was given the support that he needed.
A B C D
D
4. What was Hayden's policy regarding the staff of Critical Path?
A.He paid overtime to everybody who worked outside office hours.
B.He reduced the workforce by operating an early retirement scheme.
C.He gave key staff the opportunity to help him set goals for the company.
D.He restored motivation by showing willingness to work alongside staff.
A B C D
D
5. According to Hayden, what could indicate that a business is in trouble?
A.problems keeping accounts up to date
B.suppliers refusing to offer new credit terms
C.a frequent need to increase the amount borrowed
D.difficulties in getting payment from customers on time
A B C D
C
6. Hayden left Critical Path after he had rescued the company because
A.he wanted to develop the technology for a new internet service.
B.he wanted to concentrate on founding a new enterprise.
C.he had been offered a job with a major internet company.
D.he decided to go into partnership with a major client.
A B C D
B
PART FOUR
Benefits of Business Intelligence
One of the most effective uses of business intelligence is within the enterprise, disseminating key business metrics to knowledge workers and information stakeholders at every level. The benefits of business intelligence, however, 1 beyond the walls of the enterprise. Customers can 2 from the sharing of information like how effective the company has been in meeting delivery 3 and product quality objectives. Perhaps more importantly, providing 4 to this information sends a powerful 5 to the customer base that the company will live up to its 6 . Business intelligence can help improve the performance levels of suppliers by providing them with metrics such as competitiveness of bids, ease of 7 , timeliness of delivery, accuracy of invoicing or any other important 8 Providing suppliers these 9 typically creates for them powerful 10 to improve performance where 11 . Effective business intelligence solutions ensure that you are able to share the data from these solutions with all of these 12 Business intelligence solutions enable you and your employees to make better, more 13 decisions that will have a 14 impact on your company. They also enable your company to 15 its partnerships with customers and suppliers, which, in return, makes your business even stronger.
1.
A.expand
B.enlarge
C.grow
D.extend
A B C D
D
2.
A.benefit
B.gain
C.protect
D.earn
A B C D
A
3.
A.agendas
B.itineraries
C.schedules
D.targets
A B C D
C
4.
A.entrance
B.access
C.assistance
D.approval
A B C D
B
5.
A.code
B.sign
C.signal
D.indication
A B C D
C
6.
A.expectations
B.pledges
C.declarations
D.commitments
A B C D
D
7.
A.collecting
B.purchasing
C.selecting
D.ordering
A B C D
D
8.
A.measures
B.criteria
C.principles
D.regulations
A B C D
B
9.
A.data
B.materials
C.insights
D.information
A B C D
C
10.
A.incentives
B.encouragement
C.inspirations
D.stimuli
A B C D
A
11.
A.necessary
B.essential
C.crucial
D.fundamental
A B C D
A
12.
A.cooperators
B.confederates
C.stakeholders
D.partners
A B C D
C
13.
A.definite
B.strategic
C.operational
D.practical
A B C D
B
14.
A.significant
B.positive
C.definite
D.substantial
A B C D
B
15.
A.tighten
B.amplify
C.develop
D.strengthen
A B C D
D
PART FIVE
The Myth of the Paperless Office
34. writing memos, keeping bulky files and bringing piles of paper to the meetings. 35. But the reality has in fact been quite the reverse, and paper, having already 36. survived five thousand years of technological change, and has proved remarkably 37. resilient. Worldwide, the amount of paper used for each year continues to 38. rise up, although statistics now show a slight reduction in the amount 39. it consumed in the UK. So, has technology failed in its aim to end the use of 40. paper? Max Bray, a business lecturer, thinks office workers still distrust computers. 41. 'Technology is unreliable in most of people's eyes,' he says. 'If you are sent an 42. important email, you are likely to print it, because there is always the 43. fear that it might have get deleted.' In contrast, Paul Blunt, a marketing 44. manager for desktop products, who says there has been significant progress in 45. automating a wide range of tasks, even though the transition between has been more of an evolution than a revolution.
1.
THE
2.
CORRECT
3.
AND
4.
FOR
5.
UP
6.
IT
7.
CORRECT
8.
OF
9.
CORRECT
10.
HAVE
11.
WHO
12.
BETWEEN
WRITING
PART ONE
1. MEMO Dear Ms Jones,
Dear Ms Jones, A customer complained that his order has been delayed, which should have been shipped on 19 February. The serial number of the order is 241-572355. Please send me the relevant files and the duplicate invoice.
PART TWO
1.
[参考范文] Dear Mrs Jerome. Thank you for your letter of April 28th. After supplying your restaurant for 8 years,I was extremely sorry to hear that the batch of bowls and forks which you received on April 27th was not of usual quality. After careful investigation,we found that the cause of the problem was a faulty packing machine,which has already been repaired.I can promise you that this kind of problem will not happen any more. According to the sales contract between us, we will,of course,replace your faulty delivery free of charge. I would like to offer our apologies once again and thank you for being a loyal customer for so many years. Yours sincerely, Billy Brown
LISTENING
PART ONE
Conversation One Message from John - trade fair · new (1) .......................... is very popular · most orders taken for (2) .......................... package · not many orders for (3) .......................... software · send more (4) .......................... today
[解析] John here. I'm calling from the fair Things are going pretty well. I thought you'd like an update. OK well, you'll be pleased to know that the high resolution monitor looks good on the stand, and we're getting a very warm reception for the latest scanner, which is encouraging. The stand's fairly crowded most of the time. In terms of actual sales, it's the wireless cable set that's performing best. The new keyboard's also doing OK, so there's plenty of good news. I have to say that I'm a bit disappointed with the take-up for the automatic typing so, ware, as I thought that would sell really well. Perhaps it'll pick up in time. We'll need to give it some thought. What else? Oh, yes - the e cards are great. That was an inspired idea. Everyone's taking a copy of the brochure, so I'm glad we brought the extra boxes. And we're getting through the demonstration disks quickly can you get some more sent down this afternoon? I think that's everything. Bye.
2.
WIRELESS CABLE
3.
AUTOMATICTYPING
4.
DEMONSTRATION DISKS
Conversation Two
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
Message for 1 From: Norman International 2 They asked if you got the invoice No.2865, dated 31st March. It was 3 ago. They sent you another invoice for the computer a month ago. And they need you to pay within 4 .days. If you don't, they will charge interest rate and see their solicitor.
[解析] Man: Good morning. Could I speak to Mrs. Smith, please? Woman: Good morning. I'm afraid Mrs. Smith is not here today. Could I give her a message? Man: Yes, please. This is Norman international Trading Company. Woman: Sorry. How do you spell Norman? Man: N-O-R-M-A-N. Norman. I'm ringing to ask if Mrs. Smith received our last invoice. It was Invoice No.2865. dated 31st March. Woman: OK. So it was three months ago. Man: Yes, but we haven't received any payment from Mrs. Smith and I was wondering it's not right. Maybe the invoice had been lost. We put another invoice in the post for her a month ago. Woman: What is the invoice for? Man: It's for a computer purchased from us last March. Could you ask her to pay this bill in the next ten days? If it isn't paid in ten days' time, we shall have to charge interest and put the matter in the hands of our solicitors. At that time, things will become much more complex. Woman: Don't worry. sir. I will tell Mrs. Smith as soon as possible. Byebye! Man: Thanks a lot. Byebye! [要点] 从对话中“Good morning. Could I speak to Mrs. Smith,please?”以及“I'm afraid Mrs. Smith is not here today.”两句话,可判定出正确答案。 [注意] 此题要注意正确拼写。
2.
TRADING COMPANY
[解析] 男士回答说:Yes,please. This is Norman International Trading Company.可知正确答案。 [注意] 此题属于细节题,所以需要格外注意说话人的公司名称。
3.
THREE MONTHS
[解析] 此题属细节题。对话提到两个相关时间,分别是:three months ago和a month ago,试题中已给出a month ago,则可排除这个时间。文中男士说道:It was Invoice No.2865,dated 31st March.女士答:So it was three months ago. 因而从两人的谈话中也可推知答案是three months ago。 [注意] 此题有干扰因素,要分析排除干扰。
4.
TEN
[解析] 此题同样考查时间,从文中Could you ask her to pay this bill in the next ten days?这句话可知答案是ten。 [注意] 有关时间的词文中出现较多,要分析排除干扰。
Conversation Three
Motorbike Renting Registration
Date: 7th Aug. Time: 12:15 No. of Motorbikes 1 Period of Hiring 2 Days Hirer's Name 3 Hirer's Phone Number 4
[解析] F: Good morning, this is Colourful Motorbike Rental. M: Good morning. Miss. A friend of mine suggested I call you to hire some motorbikes. F: Oh, yes. A lot of people do this these days. M: Yes, we're just on holiday here for a few days and they said it would be a good idea to see the island by motorbike. F: Well, it certainly is. And most people rent a motorbike because men can get around faster and even go to the beach if you like. M: If I wanted to hire 3 motorbikes tomorrow morning for 4 days, would there be any problem? F: No problem at all. May I know your name? And your telephone number? M: It's Clinton, C--L--I--N--T--O--N. I'm at the Holiday Sun Hotel, My number is 6984251. I'm Room 1606. By the way, is your motorbike rental shop at No 6983251. F: That's right. M: OK, then. I'll see you tomorrow morning. Thanks a lot. F: I'll see you then.
2.
4
3.
Clinton
4.
6984251
PART TWO
Section One A a cleaner B a head of department C a student D a lecturer E a receptionist F the proprietor G an agent H the technician
[解析] Well, I guess it's all for the best in the long run. I mean it's never been easy with all of us spread out over the city. And then there are different phone lines. Half the time when I am answering calls they've come to the wrong branch. Then there are the students. I mean half of them have never been in the city or even this country before. It's no wonder they are late. They don't know how to find their way round. But this way, when all the changes are over and we've settled down in the new building, we'll be easier to get to. So I reckon they'll get here more promptly. And then they won't have any excuse any more for coming in late and missing lectures.
乍听上去很乱,仿佛不知道选什么。其实只有抓住“answering calls”就可以。
2.
B
[解析] I think it all depends where you're sitting where you're looking from. Overall I'm convinced it'll work out well. It's the right decision. I'd have done the same thing. I'm really convinced that a large number of students are going to be delighted. They'll see the benefits immediately. OK, yes, I'm anticipating some complaints. With people of this nature, I think that's inevitable, but the majority will welcome it. I've explained it to all my lecturers. They understand it, accept it. It also means I can organize the timetables better so they'll do their teaching over a shorter day. So that's obviously a benefit. I'm sure the rest of the staff will feel the same.
注意关键词:students,lecturers(讲师),这告诉我们此人是学校的人。
3.
F
[解析] In the early days I had to take premises all over the place, anywhere I could get them, just to get the business off the ground. But over the years I've always looked for the opportunity to get everyone together on one site. When all this is over, we'll look better and we'll perform better. I know it means we're going to attract more business. And another thing, we're supposed to keep all the records on the database, but half the time, the various PCs aren't working or the network's down or something. That can surely only get better. Personally I can't wait.
很容易得出答案需要解释的是一个习语: get... off the ground,使…顺利开始。
4.
C
[解析] I can't say I really understand why they're doing it. I mean it's all these buildings, all this equipment. You know, it seems they're organized as it is. It's got to be money, hasn't it? That's why we're all here in the lecturess-keep costs under control. Of course, lots of us are late for class sometimes, and I know that's bad, and embarrassing-walking in when every one else is already in their place and its all started ages ago. But I do think it's a bit worrying that it will surely mean some of them are going to lose out. I mean they wouldn't be doing this if they didn't recognize they would save some salaries, would they?
这是一个学生学校—番牢骚。山“lots of us are late for class...”可知其身份。
5.
G
[解析] I wish them luck. That's the main thing I say... think they're an excellent organization very well run. The students are always happy, more than satisfied. I just think it's beyond my imagination what they'll have to do. I mean, you think of all the different branches, all the things, all the procedures, can you imagine what all the changing will involve? Any way, I suppose the bottom line is as long as they keep their external relations as efficient as they've al ways been, there's no problem. At the end of the day I want my percentage. It's up to them to sort out the move.
Section Two A to stop smoking B to fall into sleep C to leave a company D to mail a parcel E to go shopping F to go to the beach G to resign from the office H to find a motel
[解析] Woman: I vote against visiting the mountains and riding horses. I was thrown from a horse last year. I vote that we go to the seashore. We could go swimming in the sea or take long walks along the beach and collect seashells.
2. ______
A
[解析] Man: Cigarettes will do no good to your health. And it's medically proven that they can cause lung cancer and a lot of other diseases. If you feel run-down without them, I'll give you a prescription which will help you sleep.
3. ______
E
[解析] Woman: The Gamble Department Store has just opened a new shop near St. Maria Street. In the advertisement, they're going to have a big celebration for the grand opening and the first one thousand customers can get free T-shirts. I want to get one.
4. ______
H
[解析] Man: Eleven hours on the road is long enough for anyone, especially in this hot weather. I'm anxious to get back to the family house. But I don't think we should overdo it. Let's rest for a while, shall we?
5. ______
D
[解析] Woman: In the package, there's a beautiful glass necklace. It's a birthday gift for my husband's sister who's living in Lincolnshire. I packed it very carefully, so I'm sure it won't break on the way. But still I want to insure it for £25 just in case.
1. What are the scientists doing last in order to piece together the instruction book for human biology?
A.They draw the genetic maps.
B.They grow pure human DNA.
C.They let a computer read its chemical sequence.
A B C
C
[解析] Anchor: Tonight's news: locating the 100, 000 genes that are the blueprint for humanity's traits, defects, diseases and all that implies. Researchers are getting closer and closer to a core question: can those who discover it all patent and own? Out correspondent Thomas Rummel has been digging into the business of life and life of business. Thomas Rummel, correspondent: It is Miracle One of modern medicine. Scientists every day take pure human DNA, the building block of life. They grow the DNA, and separate its parts so a computer can read its chemical sequence. It's the human genome, the genetic spelling of man. Dr. Francis Collins, Human Genome Research Institute: It's our instruction book for human biology. And the notion that we could actually read that book in any of our lifetimes would have been considered unthinkable 20 or 30 years ago. Thomas Rummel: Dr. Francis' Collins, Chief of the government genome project, says we will read that book early next year, the codes for traits like height or intelligence, and most important, for human disease. Dr. Francis Collins: Medicine will be transformed in ways that I think we can't even quite glimpse. We're gonna know why I'm at risk for one thing and you're at risk for another. Thomas Rummel: But Dr. Collins has a problem. Dr. Francis Collins: "There's a bit of a Gold Rush going on at it." Thomas Rummel: Make that a "Gene Rush". Dr. Collins hates to admit it, but he is in a race to discover the human genome before this man does. And this man, Craig Venter of Celera Genomics, a private company, says he has a bigger computer than Dr. Collins does. Celera is one of several companies staking claims on the genome. Venter's filed more than 6,000 patents on genes and even the pieces of genes that might cause disease, He plans to sell that information to drug companies, universities, whoever will pay. Craig Venter: We're trying to only file patents on those things that we know the pharmaceutical industry will take forward. We are not filing patents blindly across the genome. Thomas Rummel: The right to own and to patent discovery has long been part of the American way. The profit motive fuels innovation. But in this particular competition, private entrepreneurs are winning patents to some of the keys to human life, and many believe that's dangerous. Dr. Debts Leonard, a scientist at the University of Pennsylvania, says gene patents are being abused. Her hospital cannot even use gene tests to diagnose Alzheimer's or breast cancer, not because the patent holders invented any tests. They patented the genes themselves. Dr. Debra Leonard: Breast cancer and Alzheimer's disease are being monopolized by specific companies. Clinical laboratories are being stopped from doing diagnostic testing. Thomas Rummel: In the rush to prevent those patents, Dr. Collins has ordered government labs to make every new gene discovery public knowledge. Collins favors patents for true genetic inventions but opposes private ownership of the code itself. Craig Venter meanwhile says he is misunderstood. He doesn't want the gene, as he promises, he's just assembling data scientists will need to buy. Craig Venter: So competition is good, Competition is good and his information can't come fast enough. Thomas Rummel: And that's where it stands. Everyday it's robots versus robots, public computer versus private computer, a race to literally write the book of life, and in the process determine who owns it.
2. What can you find in such a book?
A.Gene rush.
B.Human genome.
C.Human DNA.
A B C
B
3. Who predicts the release of our instruction book?
A.Chief of the genome project.
B.Correspondent.
C.Craig Venter.
A B C
A
4. Why are private companies trying to discover the human genome before the government genome project does?
A.Because there's a bit of a gold rush going on at it.
B.Because they want to stake claims on their discoveries and make huge profits.
C.Because they want to patent the genome and transform medicine in ways.
A B C
B
5. What are the arguments for the private ownership of genome patents?
A.The ownership encourages innovation.
B.The ownership has long been part of European Way.
C.The ownership may mark the discovery of the DNA double helix.
A B C
A
6. What are the arguments against the private ownership of genome patents?
A.Doctors are not permitted to do gene tests without buying patents.
B.The ownership may slow down the research progress.
C.The codes for height and intelligence will be revealed.
A B C
A
7. How did Craig Venter defend his company's behavior?
A.He was collecting information to sell to scientists.
B.The pace of genetic research became very slow because of competition.
C.The information collected by him would be given to the government free of charge.
A B C
A
8. According to Dr. Collins, how to prevent those patents?
A.To stop clinical lab from doing diagnostic testing.
B.To order government labs to make every new gene discovery public knowledge.
C.To pass laws prohibiting private ownership of genome patents.
A B C
B
SPEAKING
PART ONE
1. In this part, the interlocutor asks questions to each of the candidates in turn. You have to give information about yourself and express personal opinions.
(略)
PART TWO
1. 'Mini presentation' - about 6 minutes In this part of the test you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic, You have to choose one of the topics from the three below and then talk for about one minute. You have one minute to prepare your ideas.
略
PART THREE
1. Discussion--about 5 minutes In this part of the test you are given a discussion topic. You have 30 seconds to look at the prompt card, an example of which is below, and then about 3 minutes to discuss the topic with your partner. After that examiner will ask you more questions related to the topic.
A: Hi, Lisa. The American clients have decided to come next month, so we can discuss about what should be taken care of now. B: Of course. I think the most important thing is that we need to ask the Human Resources Department to recommend a qualified and experienced interpreter. He or she must be very familiar with our business and also know a lot about American culture. A: Exactly. So that misunderstandings can be minimized and we can entertain our clients to their satisfaction. Well, I also think that we need to remind the manager of the departments the clients will visit. It will be better if we can give the clients beforehand a clear plan and a brief introduction. It will make things go smoothly and both of the two companies can make better preparations. B: Yes, that should be necessary. Besides, the staff who will receive the clients are of vital importance. They should have communicative skills. If there are people who are acquainted with our clients, that would be great. A: That's right. We should also put that into consideration.