B.included not only procedural guarantees but also guarantees of basic rights for the individual
C.were adopted merely to satisfy those who opposed the Constitution
D.were reluctantly accepted by the Federalists
A B C D
B
新起草的宪法要求组建一个强大的中央集权政府,各州担心强大的中央会破坏公民的人权,于是对宪法进行了修正,加入了10条修正法案,合称为Bill of Rights(《权利法案》)。
8. The first ten amendments, known as ______, were added to the Constitution in 1791.
A.the Bill of Rights
B.the Articles of Confederation
C.Civil Rights
D.the Confederation Act
A B C D
A
1781年独立战争胜利之后,美国的临时宪法是the Articles of confederation(《联邦条例》),但是由于《联邦条例》非常不成熟,政府十分松散,不利于国家管理;为了加强政府权力,1787年,费城会议修改了《联邦条例》,建立了一部更为健全的Constitution(《宪法》);1788年新宪法通过,但是争议颇多,人们担忧强权政府会践踏个人的自由,于是在1791年补充了10条修正法案,统称为the Bill of Rights(《权利法案》),以维护人权和自由。
9. was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.
26. In the early 1930s, the American foreign policy was Isolationist, but the ______ suddenly changed the whole situation, which propelled the U.S. into the Second World War.
28. The idea of containment was first brought up by ______.
A.Harry Truman
B.Franklin D. Roosevelt
C.Marshall
D.George Kennan
A B C D
D
美国政府一直在研究可行而有效的对付苏联的办法。1946年2月16日,美国驻莫斯科大使馆的高级官员George Kennan给美国国防部发了一封很长的电报,提出美国政府必须采取“a long-term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Soviet expansion tendencies”的政策,后来简称为containment policy(遏制政策),该政策直到1989年苏联解体之时才结束。
30. In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the United States decided to offer western European countries economic aid. This policy is called ______.
32. The Civil Rights leader who promoted non-violent policy and gave the famous speech "I have a dream" is ______.
A.Martin Luther King
B.Malcolm X
C.Booker T. Washington
D.Marcus Garvey
A B C D
A
Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, Booker T Washington, Marcus Garvey四位都是民权运动的领导人,但是他们走的路线各不相同。Martin Luther King推行的是非暴力不合作运动,主张用爱来感化白人;Malcolm X是贫民窟里出来的黑人运动王子,他走的是暴力反抗路线,认为只有武装斗争才能为黑人赢得权利;Booker T. Washington主张加强黑人自身素质的培养,他推行自助和内部教育路线;Marcus Garvey则主张泛非主义,建议黑人回到非洲,共同建立强大的非洲。
33. ______was the first American president who visited new China.