一、短语填空 根据中文翻译在句子中填入恰当的词组。 submit oneself to substitute...for... little more than insofar as or so press for in conjunction with in the long run hold in check be rooted in
1. Much of our knowledge of dinosaurs comes from excavated bones, which, ______ other clues such as fossilized tracks and eggs, help us to trace the evolution of these creatures. 我们关于恐龙的许多知识来自于被挖掘出来的恐龙骨骼,它们连同其他证据,如恐龙脚印化石和恐龙蛋化石,帮助我们追踪这些物种的进化。
in conjunction with
2. It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note ______ her citizens of color are concerned. 就有色公民而论,美国如今显然没有实践她的诺言。
insofar as
3. In the past two decades ______, more and more American men, particularly the young, the less educated and blacks, have been involved in crime, despite an increased risk of imprisonment. 在过去的大约二十年中,越来越多的美国男性——特别是年轻人、受教育程度低的人和黑人——参与犯罪活动,即便入狱的风险增大了。
or so
4. However, Smith fails to recognize that this division of power between the tribal chiefs and shamans ______ not actually ______ Iroquois tradition; rather, it resulted from the Iroquois' resettlement on reservations early in the nineteenth century. 然而,Smith没有意识到部落首领和萨满巫医之间权力的割裂并不来源于易洛魁部族的传统;相反,这种割裂是在易洛魁部族在19世纪初期被安置在保留地时产生的。
was; rooted in
5. The rapid entry of women into the paid labor force and social issues arising from industrialization were causing women's advocates and women statisticians to ______ more thorough and accurate accounting of women's occupations and wages. 女性迅速进入劳动力市场和工业化导致的社会问题使女性主义者和女性统计学家呼吁对女性的职业和薪酬采取更为彻底和准确的统计方法。
press for
6. Substantial losses may be inevitable for speculators of natural gas futures, as worries over rising inventories and lingering higher-than-usual winter temperatures in key markets ______ prices ______. 由于关键市场对天然气库存走高和持续高于往常的冬季气温的忧虑抑制了天然气价格的上升,天然气期货的投机者们可能要面临无法避免的重大损失。
held; in check
7. The patient resolutely refused to ______ any further procedures because in his opinion he had obtained the goal of surgery that he sought--regaining satisfying function. 这个病人十分坚定地拒绝接受进一步的治疗,因为在他看来他想要的手术目的——重获令人满意的机能——已经达到了。
submit himself to
8. Looking forwards from today, we already know that oil prices will fall ______ despite shrinking natural reserves. 考虑未来,我们已经知道即便石油的自然储备在减少,石油价格从长远来看仍会下降。
in the long run
9. Before Griffith, photography in dramatic films consisted of ______ placing the actors before a stationary camera and showing them in full length as they would have appeared on stage. Griffith的前辈们在剧情片中的摄影仅仅是将演员置于静止不动的摄影机之前,将其全身展示出来——就像他们在舞台上表现的那样。
little more than
10. Even though online universities have gained substantial momentum, students cannot ______ online courses ______ the vis-à-vis discussion with professors. 尽管在线大学势头大增,但学生不能用在线课程来替代与教授面对面的讨论。
substitute; for
die hard give access to make peace take cognizance of by way of short of inherit from on the part of be involved in bring ... to bear on
11. Modem genetic techniques are now being ______ the question of what such extinct creatures looked like. 现代基因技术正在被用来帮助回答那些灭绝的动物长什么样的问题。
brought to bear on
12. These conflicting ideals arise from a fundamental uneasiness ______ both photographers and viewers of photographs toward the aggressive component in "taking" a picture. 这些互相冲突的理念源于摄影师和照片的观众所表现出来的、对于“拍”照片这个动作中的进攻性元素的根本不安。
on the part of
13. ______ explaining its extraordinary harshness, it is sometimes argued that the penalty was devised in the first years of Islam's existence, when Muslims were engaged in a life-or-death struggle against other communities—so that leaving Islam was tantamount to betrayal. 为了解释它的极端严酷性,有时候人们认为刑罚早在伊斯兰教出现的初期就被制定了,当时穆斯林正与其他群体进行着生死攸关的斗争,以至于放弃伊斯兰教就等同于背叛。
By way of
14. So long as there is a vocal minority of Westerners who believe the deaths of Muslim innocents is a desirable outcome, the West will never ______ with Syria. 只要还存在直言不讳的西方人——哪怕是少数——相信无辜穆斯林的死亡是令人满意的结果,西方世界就永远不会与叙利亚讲和。
make peace
15. The modern age is a permissive one in which things can be said explicitly, but the old tradition of euphemism ______. 现代社会是一个宽容、自由的社会,人们可以直截了当地畅所欲言,但言语委婉的传统却很难被改变。
dies hard
16. The growing emphasis on deterrence is bound to offer increasing scope for women to ______ novel types of noncombat military assignments. 不断增长的对于威慑力的重视注定会为女性提供更为宽广的视野,让她们能够参与到新式的非作战类军事使命中。
be involved in
17. Indian sugarcane farmers score worse on intelligence tests before the harvest, when they are ______ cash, than after, seemingly suggesting that feeling poor lowers a person's IQ. 印度的甘蔗农户在收割之前——即他们缺乏现金的时候——所做的智力测试比收割之后做的成绩要低,这似乎在暗示感到贫穷会降低一个人的智商。
short of
18. The world should ______ the long trail of rubbish on the snowy slopes of Mount Everest and climbers should be educated about their moral responsibility to safeguard the mountain and its fragile ecosystem. 世界应该意识到被留在珠穆朗玛峰积雪覆盖的山坡上的一长串垃圾,登山者们也应该受到教育,知道他们对于保护山脉及其脆弱的生态系统负有道德上的责任。
take cognizance of
19. In a new book about the anti-party feeling of the early political leaders of the United States, Ralph Ketcham argues that the first six Presidents differed decisively from later Presidents because the first six held values ______ the classical humanist tradition of eighteenth-century England. 在他关于早期美国政治领袖厌恶党派的新书中,Ralph Ketcham认为最早的六位美国总统与其继任者之间存在着决定性的差异,因为这六位总统所秉持的理念继承自18世纪英圈的古典人文主义传统。
inherited from
20. Many interrogators at the U.S. detention facility at Guantanamo Bay have been ______ the medical records of individual prisoners, a breach of patient confidentiality that ethicists regard as a blatant defiance to established international medical standards. 美军关塔那摩基地监狱中的许多审讯者能够获得个别犯人的医疗记录,这是对病患保密原则的违背,许多道德家将其视做对国际现有医疗标准的公然挑衅。
1. Hopes for new jobs are held in check in East Baltimore, with concerns about property safety keeping potential investors away.
I
2. Top military officials are pressing for permission to expand American drone strikes against terrorists despite vast criticism in the U.S. and abroad.
A
3. Viruses are supposed to be small and simple—little more than protein coats wrapped around just enough genes to hijack and subvert a cell, turning it into a factory for more viruses.
G
4. Unfortunately, few of the hundred or so films on art that are made each year in the United States are broadcast nationally on prime-time television.
J
5. It is possible that technology transfer can raise income and reduce poverty, but only in the long run.
E
6. Its mission—to inspire minds and improve lives—is firmly rooted in the belief that education is at the heart of better economic opportunities.
D
7. Technical assistance or even financial aid cannot be substituted for national effort in the field of social development,
H
8. Students' TOEFL scores, in conjunction with the results of any other language tests, are used by graduate schools to evaluate applicants' basic ability to conduct scientific research in a foreign environment.
C
9. It is certainly true that these days many governments submit themselves to various kinds of media scrutiny.
B
10. Undeniably for each documentary, several plausible interpretations exist in principle, but the standard interpretation is distinctive insofar as it is the one that is normally intended by filmmakers and is expected to be reported by experienced viewers.
11. How can you make peace with people who can't even keep peace among themselves?
E
12. Future generations need to take cognizance of the harmful role that advertising and the media can play in society and assess the possible options for changing those roles.
D
13. Only a handful of the people that prosecutors believe were involved in the crime were put on trial.
C
14. After multilateral peace talks failed to produce any meaningful results, the government decided to bring forces to bear on worsening security situations.
H
15. Radically progressive though it may sound to be, the President's speech shows how, after closer scrutiny, old thinking dies hard amid all the change.
I
16. Though active in commerce or the professions, most of the wealthy were not self-made, but had inherited fortunes from the family.
J
17. It is abundantly clear that any trade sanction against Russia would represent a gamble on the part of European policymakers, bringing Europe's energy security at risk.
G
18. In rural areas, transport projects give residents access to basic public services such as health and education, and open local markets to farmers who are therefore able to specialize and become more productive.
F
19. Tuthilltown Spirits, a New York-based company that makes vodka, whiskey and gin, expects to produce around 8,000 cases this year; by way of comparison, in 2011 Jack Daniel's sold 4.7 million cases in America and 10.6 million worldwide.
A
20. At a time when the world is short of causes for celebration, here is a candidate: within the next few months women will cross the 50% threshold and become the majority of the American workforce.
Although many research projects, especially those in fundamental and theoretical sciences, cannot produce immediately usable results, most of them can benefit the society in the long run.
While the author's motives for pressing for environmental protection can be understood, he fails to provide sufficient concrete evidence to justify his support for this pro-environmentalist candidate.