[听力原文]
Online Education
Good morning everybody, in today's lecture we'll talk about online education. You know, in some parts of the world, it is not that easy for people to receive education. And even in the United States where education is available, it might not be within reach. Thus, online courses provided by those world-famous universities can bring the best quality education to as many people as we could around the world, and for free.
First, let's talk a little bit about some of the components that go into online education. The first component is that when you
move away from the constraints of a physical classroom and then contact with an online format. You can break away from, for example, the one-hour lecture format. You can break up the material, for example, into short modular units of 8 to 12 minutes, and
each of the short units introduces a coherent concept. Students can deal with this material in different ways depending on their background, their skills or their interests. So, for example, some students might benefit from a little bit of preparatory material that other students might already have. Other students might be interested in a particular topic that they want to pursue individually. So this format allows students to break away from the "one size fits all" model of education
and allows students to follow a much more personalized curriculum. Second, and perhaps one of the biggest components of our online education is that when we need to have students to practice with the material in order to really understand it. There has been a range of studies that demonstrate the importance of this. A study in science last year, for example, demonstrates that even simple retrieval practice or students are just supposed to repeat what they already learned gives considerably improved results on various achievement tests,
so we need to build a much more meaningful practice questions. Now fortunately,
technology has helped us to provide the students with feedback on those questions. We can now grade a range of interesting types of homework online.
The third component is what is called collaborative learning.
Students could collaborate in different online courses in a variety of ways. First of all, there is a question and answer forum where students could post questions and other students could answer these questions. And what is really amazing is that because there are so many students, it means that even if a student post a question at 3 o'clock in the morning, somewhere around the world there would be somebody who is awake and working on the same problem, and he might answer that question. And so, in many of the online courses, the medium response time for a question on a question and answer forum was 22 minutes.
So in a word, if we want to offer top quality education to everyone around the world for free, what would that affect us? three things:
first, it would establish education as a fundamental human right. Were anyone around the world worthy ability and motivation could get the skills they need;
second, it would enable life-long learning. It's a shame that for so many of us learning stops when we finish high school or when we finish college. By making this amazing content available, we would be able to learn something new every time we want it whether it just takes a spin of our minds or is to change our lives.
And finally, this would make a wave of innovation possible because amazing talent can be found everywhere. To sum up today, we have talked about some features of online education and its benefits. We're sure that online education will have a promising future. And in next lecture, we are going to learn how online education has changed people around the world.
[解析] The first component is that when you move away from the constraints of a physical classroom and then contact with an online format.
题干要求填写no constraints of______,这是在线教育构成元素的第一点。录音中使用move away from the constraints,和题干表述略有区别但含义一样,所以直接填入a physical classroom。