[解析] M: Have you had the brakes and tires checked? And do you have enough money? W: I've taken care of everything and I'm sure it's going to be a wonderful trip. Q: What is the woman going to do?
2.
A.He is very forgiving and tolerant.
B.He probably has a poor memory.
C.He is well liked by his customers.
D.He has been introduced to the staff.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: The new sales manager says he has never met you before. W: We've been introduced about three times. He seems a little forgetful. Q: What do we learn about the new sales manager?
3.
A.He thinks the book should include more information.
B.He doesn't think it necessary to provide the answers.
C.The answers will be added in a later edition.
D.The book does include the answers.
A B C D
D
[解析] W: I don't understand why this book for self-study doesn't have answers to the questions. M: But it does. You can find them at the back of the book. Q: What does the man say about the self-study book?
4.
A.Announce appeals for public service.
B.Hold a charity concert to raise money.
C.Ask the school radio station for help.
D.Pool money to fund the radio station.
A B C D
C
[解析] W: We mean to let everyone know about the charity concert, but we don't have enough money for advertising. M: How about using the school radio station? They broadcast free public service announcement. Q: What does the man suggest they do?
5.
A.She talked with the consultant about the new program until two.
B.She couldn't talk to the consultant before two.
C.She would talk to the consultant during lunch.
D.She couldn't contract the consultant's secretary.
A B C D
B
[解析] M' By the way, Jane, did you talk to the consultant about our new health program? W: I contacted his office, but his secretary said he would be out for lunch until two. Q: What does the woman mean?
[解析] M: I don't know whether to ask Joe or Cora to draw the posters. W: What difference does it make? They're both excellent artists. Q: What does the woman imply about Joe and Cora?
7.
A.At a book store.
B.At an art museum.
C.At a newspaper office.
D.At a gymnasium.
A B C D
C
[解析] M: Mary is in charge of the art and music section; and Charles, the sports page. What about you? W: I'm responsible for the editorials. Q: Where does the woman work?
8.
A.The woman received a phone call from Mark yesterday.
B.The man injured Mark in a traffic accident yesterday.
C.The man met a friend by chance.
D.The woman contacted Mark on business.
A B C D
C
[解析] M: I ran into our friend Mark yesterday on the street, and he said he hadn't heard from you for two months. W: Yes, I know, but I've been too busy to phone him. Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
9.
A.The man should stay up and watch the program.
B.The man should read something exciting instead.
C.The man should go to bed at eleven.
D.The man should give up watching the movie.
A B C D
D
[解析] M: I'm really exhausted. But I don't want to miss the film that comes on at 11. W: If I were you, I'd skip it. We both have to get up early tomorrow. And anyway, I've heard it isn't that exciting. Q: What does the woman mean?
10.
A.Students with a library card can check any book out.
B.Reference books are not allowed to be checked out.
C.Only students with a library card can check out reference books.
D.The number of books a student can check out is unlimited.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: I thought the librarian said we could check out as many books as we need with our library cards. W: That's right, but not those reference books. Q: What does the woman mean?
Section B
Passage One Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A.To find out whether they take music lessons in their spare time.
B.To find out whether they can name four different musical instruments.
C.To find out whether they enjoy playing musical instruments in school.
D.To find out whether they differ in their preference for musical instruments.
A B C D
D
[解析] 11-13 The piano and violin are girls' instruments. Drums and trumpets are for boys. According to psychologists Susan Onto and Michael Balton, children have very clear ideas about which musical instruments they should play. They find that despite the best efforts of teachers, these ideas have changed very little over the past decade. They interviewed 153 children aged between 9 and 11 from schools in Northwest England. They asked them to identify 4 musical instruments and then to say which they would like to play most and which they would least like to play. They also asked the children for their views on whether boys or girls should not play any of the 4 instruments. The piano and the violin were both ranked more favorably by girls than by boys, while boys prefer the drums and trumpets. There was broad agreement between boys and girls on which instruments each sex should play and the reasons vary. And while almost half of all boys said they avoid certain instruments because they were too difficult to play, only 15% of girls gave that as a reason. Earlier studies indicated that very young school children aged between 5 and 7 showed no bias in choosing musical instruments, but their tastes become more clear between the ages of 8 and 10. One survey of 78 teachers suggested that after that age, both boys and girls begin to restrict themselves to the so-called male or female instruments. 11.Why did Susan and Michael interview children aged between 9 and 11 ?
2.
A.They find them too hard to play.
B.They think it silly to play them.
C.They find it not challenging enough to play them.
D.They consider it important to be different from girls.
A B C D
A
[解析] Why do many of the boys avoid certain instruments?
3.
A.Children who have private music tutors.
B.Children who are 8 or older.
C.Children who are between 5 and 7.
D.Children who are well-educated.
A B C D
B
[解析] Which group of children have a bias when choosing musical instruments?
Passage Two Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A.Because there weren't any professional teams in the U.S. then.
B.Because Pele hadn't retired from the Brazilian National Team yet.
C.Because this fast-moving sport wasn't familiar to many Americans.
D.Because good professional players received low salaries.
A B C D
C
[解析] 14-16 In the 1970's, the famous Brazilian football player Pele retired from the national team of Brazil and became a professional player for a team in New York. Football, or soccer, wasn't very popular in the United States at that time.Few North Americans knew anything about this fast-moving sport. There was no money to pay professional players and there was little interest in football in high schools and colleges. When Pele and other international stars began playing in various US cities, people saw how interesting the game was and began to go to the matches. It is now common for important games to have fifty thousand to sixty thousand fans. Support from the fans is important to the football. The fans cheer enthusiastically for their favorite players and teams, who respond by playing better than before. In most World Cups, the home team, or the team from the host country usually plays better than most people expect. In 1966, 1974 and 1978, the home teams of England, West Germany and Argentina all won the World Cup. The World Cup is called that because teams from every continent have played in it. However, since the Cup began, all of the winning teams have been from Europe or South America. Teams from Asia or Africa always do well but they haven't yet won. Mexico played surprisingly well in the 1970 Cup, which it hosted, but it wasn't among the 4 final teams. 14.Why wasn't football a popular sport in the U.S. in the 1970's?
2.
A.When it has a large number of fans.
B.When it plays at home.
C.When it has many international stars playing for it.
D.When the fans cheer enthusiastically for it.
A B C D
B
[解析] When does a football team have the best chance to win the World Cup?
3.
A.It wasn't among the top four teams.
B.It didn't play as well as expected.
C.It won the World Cup.
D.It placed fourth.
A B C D
A
[解析] How did Mexico do in the 1970 World Cup?
Passage Three Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] The world's smartest adolescents in mathematics and science are in Singapore, according to a global survey of educational achievement. In the 3rd International Mathematics and Science Study, 13-year-olds from Singapore achieved the best scores in standardized tests of maths and science that were administered to 287,896 students in 41 countries in 1994 and 1995. The survey suggests that science and maths education is especially strong in the Far East. While well behind those top scores, students from Australia earned higher marks in maths than their counterparts in England, who in tuna did better than American students. The study collected information on the students, teachers and homes. Not surprisingly, the highest-scoring students had well-educated parents or Came from homes containing study aids such as computers, dictionaries or even such elemental facilities as desks. The study shows that boys did generally better than girls in science, but there was little difference between them in maths.Boys scored better than girls in physics and chemistry. There were no sex differences in the life and environmental sciences. In addition to being tested, students in the project were asked how proficient they thought they were in maths and science. Students in some countries, such as Columbia and Kuwait, had an overly optimistic view of their skills. Meanwhile, some of the best students from Japan and Korea for example were needlessly pessimistic even though they did far better in maths than almost all the other students. 17.Of the 4 groups of students, who scored the lowest in maths according to the survey?
2.
A.Those who know how to program computers.
B.Those who get special aid from their teachers.
C.Those who are very hardworking.
D.Those who have well-educated parents.
A B C D
D
[解析] What kind of students are most likely to become top scorers?
3.
A.Japanese students study much harder than Columbian students.
B.Columbian students score higher than Japanese students in maths.
C.Columbian students are more optimistic about their maths skills.
D.Japanese students have better conditions for study.
A B C D
C
[解析] In what way do Columbian students differ from Japanese students?
4.
A.Physics.
B.Mathematics.
C.Environmental science.
D.Life science.
A B C D
A
[解析] In which subject did boys score higher than girls?
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Passage One In the 1920s demand for American farm products fell, as European countries began to recover from World War I and instituted austerity (紧缩) programs to reduce their imports. The result was a sharp drop in farm prices. This period was more disastrous for farmers than earlier times had been, because farmers were no longer self-sufficient. They were paying for machinery, seed, and fertilizer, and they were also buying consumer goods. The prices of the items farmers bought remained constant, while prices they received for their products fell. These developments were made worse by the Great Depression, which began in 1929 and extended throughout the 1930s. In 1929, under President Herbert Hoover, the Federal Farm Board was organized. It established the principle of direct interference with supply and demand, and it represented the first national commitment to provide greater economic stability for farmers. President Hoover's successor attached even more importance to this problem. One of the first measures proposed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt when he took office in 1933 was the Agricultural Adjustment Act, which was subsequently passed by Congress. This law gave the Secretary of Agriculture the power to reduce production through voluntary agreements with farmers who were paid to take their land out of use. A deliberate scarcity of farm products was planned in an effort to raise prices. This law was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court on the grounds that general taxes were being collected to pay one special group of people. However, new laws were passed immediately that achieved the same result of resting soil and providing flood-control measures, but which were based on the principle of soil conservation. The Roosevelt Administration believed that rebuilding the nation 's soil was in the national interest and was not simply a plan to help farmers at the expense of other citizens. Later the government guaranteed loans to farmers so that they could buy farm machinery, hybrid (杂交) grain, and fertilizers.
1. What brought about the decline in the demand for American farm products?
A.The impact of the Great Depression.
B.The shrinking of overseas markets.
C.The destruction caused by the First World War.
D.The increased exports of European countries.
A B C D
B
辨认事实题。题目询问美国农产品需求下降是由什么引起的。根据文章第1段“In the 1920s demand for American farm products fell,as European countries began to recover from World War I and instituted austerity(紧缩)programs to reduce their imports(20世纪20年代,对美国农产晶需求下降,因为欧洲国家从第一次世界大战中恢复过来并制定了减少进口量的经济紧缩政策)”,因此,[B]与文中所提及的观点一致。 [A]文中指出经济大萧条只是加剧了这一现象,并不是根本原因;[C]和[D]在文中没有进行阐述。
2. The chief concern of the American government in the area of agriculture in the 1920s was______.
A.to increase farm production
B.to establish agricultural laws
C.to prevent farmers from going bankrupt
D.to promote the mechanization of agriculture
A B C D
C
辨认事实题。题目询问20年代美国政府主要关心的农业问题是______。根据文章第2段“under President Herbert Hoover,the Federal Farm Board was organized.It established the principle of direct interference with supply and demand,and it represented the first national commitment to provide greater economic stability for farmers(在胡佛总统的领导下,建立了第一个全国性的农业委员会,并制定了政府直接干预供给和需求的政策,这一切旨在给农民提供更大的经济稳定性)”,也就是说防止农民破产,因此,[C]与文中所阐述的内容一致。[D]属于第3段内容,讲述不是20年代的事情;[A]与文中所阐述的内容相背;[D]在文中未提及。
3. The Agricultural Adjustment Act encouraged American farmers to______.
A.reduce their scale of production
B.make full use of their land
C.adjust the prices of their farm products
D.be self-sufficient in agricultural production
A B C D
A
辨认事实题。题目询问农业调整法案旨在鼓励美国农民做什么。根据文章第3段“This law gave the Secretary of Agriculture the power to reduce production through voluntary agreements with farmers who were paid to take their land out of use.A deliberate scarcity of farm products was planned in an effort to raise prices(这一法案授权农业部长与农民订立自愿的协议,通过给他们补偿以减少种植面积。通过一项预先制定的计划,使农产品短缺以提高其价格)”,因此,[A]与文章所提及的内容一致;[B]与文中所阐述的观点明显相背;[C]是减少农产品所带来的直接影响;[D]与文章的内容相背。
4. The Supreme Court rejected the Agricultural Adjustment Act because it believed that the Act______.
A.might cause greater scarcity of farm products
B.didn't give the Secretary of Agriculture enough power
C.would benefit neither the government nor the farmers
D.benefited one group of citizens at the expense of others
A B C D
D
辨认事实题。题目询问最高法院驳回农业调整法案的原因。根据文章第3段“This law was declared un constitutional by the Supreme Court on the grounds that general taxes were being collected to pay one special group of people(最高法院宣布该法案违背了宪法,因为它将征集到的全民税收支付给某一特定群体)”,因此,在四个选择中,只有[D]与文章所表述的意思相符。其余三项均与文中所给的信息相背。
5. It was claimed that the new laws passed during the Roosevelt Administration were aimed at______.
A.reducing the cost of farming
B.conserving soil in the long-term interest of the nation
C.lowering the burden of farmers
D.helping farmers without shifting the burden onto other taxpayers
A B C D
B
辨认事实题。题目询问罗斯福执政期间通过的新法律的立法目的。根据文章第3段“new laws were passed immediately that achieved the same result of resting soil and providing flood-control measures,but which were based on the principle of soil conservation.The Roosevelt Administration believed that rebuilding the nation's soil was in the national interest and was not simply a plan to help farmers at the expense of other citizens(新的法案随即获得通过,同样达到了土地休耕和提供抗洪措施的效果,不过都是基于保护水土的目的。罗斯福政府相信改造国家土地符合国家利益,而不仅仅是一项牺牲其他公民利益来帮助农民的计划)”,因此,只有[B]与新法案的立法目的一致;其余三项均与题意不符。
Passage Two In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they're nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for humanlike behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid. A growing group of A1 researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that Al has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in Al, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based Al movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field. Imitating the brain's neural (神经的)network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses an important aspect of natural intelligence. "People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors," he explains, "but it's not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves." Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brain's capabilities stem from the pattern-recognition proficiency of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell. The best way to build an artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills. Right now, the notion that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town.
1. The author says that the powerful computers of today ______.
A.are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an object
B.are close to exhibiting humanlike behavior
C.are not very different in their performance from those of the 50's
D.still cannot communicate with people in a human language
A B C D
D
辨认事实题。题目询问作者认为当今最先进的计算机怎么样。根据文章第1段“But as useful as computers are,they're nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for humanlike behavior.Never mind something as complex as conversation:the most powerful computers struggle to reli- ably recognize the shape of an object(但是尽管计算机的用途已非常广泛,它们仍然不能像早期研究者预言的那样进行与人类相似的活动,更不用说进行复杂的交流活动。最先进的计算机连正确地辨认一件物体的形状都很困难)”,故[D]正确,[A]和[B]与文中意思相背;[C]与事实不符。
2. The new trend in artificial intelligence research stems from ______.
A.the shift of the focus of study on to the recognition of the shapes of objects
B.the belief that human intelligence cannot be duplicated with logical, step-by-step programs
C.the aspirations of scientists to duplicate the intelligence of a ten-month-old child
D.the efforts made by scientists in the study of the similarities between transistors and brain cells
A B C D
B
辨认事实题。题目询问人工智能研究中的新趋势源于什么。根据文章第2段“A growing group of AI re searchers think they know where the field went wrong.The problem,the scientists say,is that AI has been trying to separate the highest,most abstract levels of thought,like language and mathematics,and to duplicate them with logical,step-by-step programs.A new movement in AI,on the other hand,takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence.Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs (越来越多的人工智能研究者认为,他们知道这个领域的问题出在什么地方。科学家们说,问题的症结在于人工智能一直试图分离诸如语言和数学这类最高级、最抽象的思维层次,并用一步一步的符合逻辑的程序去复制它们。另一方面,人工智能的新动向密切注意研究人工智能与自然之间那种迂回曲折的关系。许多这样的研究者研究生物进化和自然的适应性,而不是研究形式逻辑和陈旧的计算机程序)”,故只有[B]与文中的意思相符。
3. Conrad and his group of Al researchers have been making enormous efforts to ______.
A.find a roundabout way to design powerful computers
B.build a computer using a clever network of switches
C.find out how intelligence developed in nature
D.separate the highest and most abstract levels of thought
A B C D
C
辨认事实题。题目询问Conrad和他的AI研究小组正付出巨大的努力_____。根据文章第3段“Imitating the brain's neural(神经的)network is a huge step in the right direction,says computer scientist and bio physicist Michael Conrad,but it still misses an important aspect of natural intelligence.'People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transmtors,’he explains,'but it's not simply a clever net- work of switches.There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves.’ (计算机科学家兼生物物理学家迈克·康拉德说:模仿大脑神经网络是朝正确方向迈出的一大步,但仍然遗漏了自然智能这一重要方面。‘人们往往把大脑看作似乎是由色彩代码的处理器组成的,’他解释道:‘但它并不单纯是一个聪明的开关网络。在大脑细胞本身就有大量重要的东西。’)”故[C]正确;[A]完全背离了Conrad和他同伴的思路;[B],Conrad并不是要制造这样一台电脑;[D]却是早期的人工智能研制者想要做的事情。
4. What's the author's opinion about the new Al movement?
A.It has created a sensation among artificial intelligence researchers but will soon die out.
B.It's a breakthrough in duplicating human thought processes.
C.It's more like a peculiar game rather than a real scientific effort.
D.It may prove to be in the right direction though nobody is sure of its future prospects.
A B C D
B
推断题。题目询问作者对新的人工智能研究的看法。如前所述,文章最后一段为作者对人工智能研究新方法的总结,其中隐含着作者的观点,另外文章第2段最后一句中“promising”,“surely”,第3段第1句中“a huge step in the right direction...”等都流露了作者的态度——对新的人工智能研究活动是非常肯定的。[A]中的“will soon die out”,[C]中的“like a game rather than”及[D]中“nobody is sure”等均含否定意义,不能作为答案。
5. Which of the followings closest in meaning to the phrase "the only game in town" (Line 3, Para. 4)?
A.The only approach to building an artificially intelligent computer.
B.The only way for them to win a prize in artificial intelligence research.
C.The only area worth studying in computer science.
D.The only game they would like to play in town.
A B C D
A
推断题。题目询问与“the only game in town”这个短语的意思最相近的陈述。阅读中词语的理解也不能脱离文章主题:game一词有游戏、竞赛、策略、计谋等多种释义。根据“Right now,the notion that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controveraial.But if it proves true,then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town(目前,对于传统的计算机和软件根本不能与在大脑中进行的思维过程相比拟这种观点仍然存在争议。然而,如果它一旦被证明是正确的,那么康拉德和他那些在人工智能研究方面勇于创新的伙伴们的努力将成为这一领域中惟一的方向)”,[A]与该短语意思相符。[B]文中并未提及此信息; [C]同样在文中没有进行阐述;[D]是对短语字面意思的曲解。
Passage Three Cars account for half the oil consumed in the U. S. , about haft the urban pollution and one fourth the greenhouse (温室) gases. They take a similar toll (损耗) of resources in other industrial nations and in the cities of the developing world . As vehicle use continues to increase in the coming decade, the U.S. and other countries will have to deal with these issues or else face unacceptable economic, health-related and political costs. It is unlikely that oil prices will remain at their current low level or that other nations will accept a large and growing U. S. contribution to global climatic change. Policymakers and industry have four options: reduce vehicle use, increase the efficiency and reduce the emissions of conventional gasoline-powered vehicles, switch to less harmful fuels, or find less polluting driving systems. The last of these -- in particular the introduction of vehicles powered by electricity -- is ultimately the only sustainable option. The other alternatives are attractive in theory but in practice are either impractical or offer only marginal improvements. For example, reduced vehicle use could solve traffic problems and a host of social and environmental problems, but evidence from around the world suggests that it is very difficult to make people give up their cars to any significant extent. In the U. S., mass-transit rider ship and carpooling (合伙用车) have declined since World War II. Even in western Europe, with fuel prices averaging more than $ 1 a liter (about $ 4 a gallon) and with easily accessible mass transit and dense populations, cars still account for 80 percent of all passenger travel. Improved energy efficiency is also appealing, but automotive fuel economy has barely made any progress in 10 years. Alternative fuels such as natural gas, burned in internal-combustion engines,' could be introduced at relatively low cost, but they would lead to only marginal reductions in pollution and greenhouse emissions (especially because oil companies are already spending billions of dollars every year to develop less polluting types of gasoline).
1. From the passage we know that the increased use of cars will______.
A.consume half of the oil produced in the world
B.have serious consequences for the well-being of all nations
C.widen the gap between the developed and developing countries
D.impose an intolerable economic burden on residents of large cities
A B C D
B
辨认事实题。题目询问从文中可看出小汽车使用量的增加将带来什么后果。根据文章第1段“Cars account for half the oil consumed in the U.S.,about half the urban pollution and one fourth the greenhouse(温室) gases.They take a similar toll(损耗)of resources in other industrial nations and in the cities of the de veloping wodd(小汽车的耗油量占美国石油用量的一半,将近一半的城市污染和1/4的导致温室效应的气体是由小汽车造成的。在其他工业国家和发展中国家的城市里,小汽车也造成了几乎相似的资源损耗)”,选项 [A]、[C]和[D]均仅涉及问题的某个方面,只有[B]代表了私人轿车继续增长的真正后果。
2. The U.S. has to deal with the problems arising from vehicle use because ______.
A.most Americans are reluctant to switch to public transportation systems
B.the present level of oil prices is considered unacceptable
C.other countries will protest its increasing greenhouse emissions
D.it should take a lead in conserving natural resources
A B C D
C
辨认事实题。题目询问美国不得不处理由于使用汽车所引起的问题是因为什么。根据文章第1段“As vehicle use continues to increase in the coming decade,the U.S.and other countries will have to deal with these issues or else face unacceptable economic,health-related and political costs.It is unlikely that oil prices will remain at their current low level or that other nations will accept a large and growing U.S.contribution to global climatic change(由于在未来10年中汽车的使用量会继续增长,因此美国和其他国家不得不解决这些问题,否则就要付出难以承受的经济、健康和政治代价。石油的价格不可能维持现在的低水平,其他国家也不能容忍美国对全球气候变化的影响)”,[C]与文章的意思一致;[A]并不是该问题的直接原因;[B]与文中所陈述的内容相背;[D]在文章中并未提及。
3. Which of the following is the best solution to the problems mentioned in the passage?
A.The designing of highly efficient car engines.
B.A reduction of vehicle use in cities.
C.The development of electric cars.
D.The use of less polluting fuels.
A B C D
C
辨认事实题。题目询问下列哪种方法是解决文中所提问题的最好方法。文章第2段提到“Policymakers and industry have tour options:reduce vehicle use,increase the efficiency and reduce the emissions of conversitional gasoline-powered vehicles,switch to less harmful fuels,or find less polluting driving systems.The last of these—in particular the introduction of vehicles powered by electricity—is ultimately the only sustain- able option(决策者和企业部门有四种选择:减少汽车的使用、提高效率并减少以常规汽油为动力的汽车的废气排放、改用危害程度较小的燃料或找到污染较小的动力系统。其中最后一种特——别是开发电动汽——最终将是惟一可以接受的选择)”,因此,[C]与题意相符;其余三项均不是最佳答案。
4. Which of the following is practical but only makes a marginal contribution to solving the problem of greenhouse emissions ?
A.The use of fuels other than gasoline.
B.Improved energy efficiency.
C.The introduction of less polluting driving systems.
D.Reducing car use by carpooling.
A B C D
A
辨认事实题。题目询问下列哪个措施对解决温室效应问题有用但效果并不大。根据文章第3段“Improved energy efficiency is also appealing,but automotive fuel economy has barely made any progress in 10 years.Alternative fuels such as natural gas,burned in internal-combustion engines,could be introduced at relative ly low cost,but they would lead to only marginal reductions in pollution and greenhouse emissions(提高能源效率也很有吸引力,但节约汽车能源在10年中并没有取得什么进步。像天然气这类的替代能源,在内燃机中燃烧能相对地降低消耗,但这对减少污染和减轻温室效应所起的作用很小)”,因此,[A]与文章所陈述的内容一致;[B]并不能对解决此问题起任何作用;[C]与题意不符;[D]合作用车在美已渐渐衰败,也与题意不符。
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The decline of public transportation accounts for increased car use in western Europe.
B.Cars are 'popular in western Europe even though fuel prices are fairly high.
C.The reduction of vehicle use is the only sustainable option in densely populated western Europe.
D.Western European oil companies cannot sustain the cost of developing new-type fuels.
A B C D
B
推断题。题目询问根据文章下面哪个陈述是正确的。[A]文中指出西欧的公共交通工具很方便,因此与文中内容不符;文章第2段指出“Even in western Europe,with fuel prices averaging more than $ 1 a liter(about $ 4 a gallon)and with easily accessible mass transit and dense populations,cars still account for 80 percent of all passenger travel(在西欧,尽管燃料价格平均为每升1美元多,公共交通便利,人口稠密,但小汽车仍承担了80%的客运量)”,因此,[D]与文章所阐述之意相符;文中提到使用电动汽车才是惟一的选择,[C]不符合;[D]文中指出石油公司已花费了数十亿美元开发新品种。
Passage Four Reebok executives do not like to hear their stylish athletic shoes called "footwear for yuppies (雅皮士,少壮高薪职业人士)". They contend that Reebok shoes appeal to diverse market segments, especially now that the company offers basketball and children's shoes for the under-18 set and walking shoes for older customers not interested in aerobics (健身操) or running. The executives also point out that through recent acquisitions they have added hiking boots, dress and casual shoes, and high-performance athletic footwear to their product lines, all of which should attract new and varied groups of customers. Still, despite its emphasis on new markets, Reebok plans few changes in the up market (高档消费人群的) retailing network that helped push sales to $ I billion annually, ahead of all other sports shoe marketers. Reebok shoes, which are priced from $ 27 to $ 85, will continue to be sold only in better specialty, sporting goods, and department stores, in accordance with the company's view that consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution. In the past few years, the Massachusetts-based company has imposed limits on the number of its distributors (and the number of shoes supplied to stores), partly out of necessity. At times the unexpected demand for Reeboks exceeded supply, and the company could barely keep up with orders from the dealers it already had. These fulfillment problems seem to be under control now, but the company is still selective about its distributors. At present, Reebok shoes are available in about five thousand retail stores in the United States. Reebok has already anticipated that walking shoes will be the next fitness-related craze, replacing aerobics shoes the same way its brightly colored, soft leather exercise footwear replaced conventional running shoes. Through product diversification and careful market research, Reebok hopes to avoid the distribution problems Nike came across several years ago, when Nike misjudged the strength of the aerobics shoe craze and was forced to unload huge inventories of running shoes through discount stores.
1. One reason why Reebok's managerial personnel don't like their shoes to be called "footwear for yuppies" is that______.
A.they believe that their shoes are popular with people of different age groups
B.new production lines have been added to produce inexpensive shoes
C."yuppies" usually evokes a negative image
D.the term makes people think of prohibitive prices
A B C D
A
辨认事实题。题目询问锐步公司的经理人员不喜欢人们把他们的鞋叫做“雅皮士鞋”的原因。根据文章第1段“They contend that Reebok shoes appeal to diverse market segments,especially now that the company offers basketball and children's shoes for the unde-18 set and walking shoes for older customers not interest- ed in aerobics(健身操) or running(他们认为锐步鞋对各种各样的消费市场都有吸引力,尤其是现在,公司生产出了篮球鞋和适合18岁以下青少年穿的鞋子以及对健身操或跑步不感兴趣的老年人所穿的散步鞋)”,故选[A];[B]并不是直接原因,因而并非最佳选择;[C]和[D]均与文中所陈述的意思相背。
2. Reebok's view that "consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution" ( Lines 4 - 5, Para. 2) implies that ______.
A.the quality of a brand is measured by the service quality of the store selling it
B.the quality of a product determines the quality of its distributors
C.the popularity of a brand is determined by the stores that sell it
D.consumers believe that first-rate products are only sold by high-quality stores
A B C D
D
推断题。题目询问锐步认为“消费者通过分销商的素质来判断某品牌的质量”的意思是_____。根据文章第 2段“Reebok shoes,which are priced from $ 27 to $ 85,will continue to be sold only in better specialty, sporting goods,and department stores,in accordance with the company's view that consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution(锐步鞋的售价从27到85美元不等,将继续只会在高档次的专卖店、体育用品商店和百货公司出售,因为这种做法符合公司的观点,即消费者根据分销商的档次来判断品牌的质量)”,因此,[D]与此观点相符;文中的quality并不指服务质量,因此[A]不符合;[B]的因果关系倒置;[C]明显与文中所陈述的观点相背。
3. Reebok once had to limit the number of its distributors because______.
A.its supply of products fell short of demand
B.too many distributors would cut into its profits
C.the reduction of distributors could increase its share of the market
D.it wanted to enhance consumer confidence in its products
A B C D
A
辨认事实题。题目询问锐步一度不得不限定其经销商数量是因为什么。根据文章第3段“In the past few years,the Massachusetts-based company has imposed limits on the number of its distributors (and the number of shoes supplied to stores),partly out of necessity.At times the unexpected demand for Reeboks exceeded supply,and the company could barely keep up with orders from the dealers it already had(在过去几年中,马萨诸塞州分公司限制其分销商及其商店中鞋子的数量,部分原因是他们必须这样做。有时对锐步鞋的需求超过其供应,公司难以满足现有分销商的订单)”,故选[A];其余三项均与文中意思相背。
4. Although the Reebok Company has solved the problem of fulfilling its orders, it ______.
A.does not want to further expand its retailing network
B.still limits the number of shoes supplied to stores
C.is still particular about who sells its products
D.still carefully chooses the manufacturers of its products
A B C D
C
辨认事实题。题目询问尽管锐步公司已解决了供应订单的问题,但它______。根据文章第3段“These fulfillment problems seem to be under control now,but the company is still selective about its distributors (供不应求的问题似乎已得到控制,但公司仍然严格挑选分销商)”,[C]与文中所陈述的观点一致,故而正确。
5. What lesson has Reebok learned from Nike's distribution problems?
A.A company should not sell its high quality shoes in discount stores.
B.A company should not limit its distribution network.
C.A company should do follow-up surveys of its products.
D.A company should correctly evaluate the impact of a new craze on the market.
A B C D
D
推断题。题目询问锐步公司从耐克的分销问题上所得到的教训。根据文章最后一段“Through product diversification and careful market research,Reebok hopes to avoid the distribution problems Nike came across several years ago,when Nike misjudged the strength of the aerobics shoe craze and was forced to unload huge inventories of running shoes through discount stores(通过产品多样化和详细的市场调查,锐步希望避免耐克几年前所遇到的分销问题。当时耐克公司错误地判断了健身操鞋的销售热,最后不得不通过折扣商店售出其数量庞大的存货)”,因此,只有[D]与文中的观点一致。
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure
1. For many patients, institutional care is the most ______ and beneficial form of care.
2. Among all the changes resulting from the ______ entry of women into the work force, the transformation that has occurred in the women themselves is not the least important.
28. Oil companies in the U.S. are already beginning to feel the pressure. Refinery workers and petroleum-equipment-manufacturing employees are being ______.
Part Ⅳ Error Correction When you start talking about good and bad manners you immediately start meeting difficulties. Many people just cannot agree what they mean. We asked a lady, who replied that she thought you could tell a well-mannered person on the way S1.______ they occupied the space around them -- for example, when such a person walks down a street he or she is constantly unaware of S2.______ others. Such people never bump into other people. However, a second person thought that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good manners. Instead, this other S3.______ person told us a story, it he said was quite well known, about an S4.______ American who had been invited to an Arab meal at one of the S5.______ countries of the Middle East. The American hasn't been told very S6.______ much about the kind, of food he might expect. If he had known about American food, he might have behaved better. S7.______ Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked, to him, very much as a napkin (餐巾). Picking it up, he S8.______ put it into his collar, so that it falls across his shirt. His Arab host, S9.______ who had been watching, said of nothing, but immediately copied S10.______ the action of his guest. And that, said this second person, was a fine example of good manners.
[解析] American→Arab。这句话的意思为:如果这个美国人了解一点_____的饮食习惯,他可能会表现好一点。前文提到这个美国人是invited to an Arab meal,他可能不熟悉阿拉伯饮食习惯,闹出笑话,而主人顺水推舟,以自己的行为挽回美国人面子这样的一个故事。此题所在句子为虚拟语气:如果他了解阿拉伯食品,他也许不至于如此举止。
Part Ⅴ Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? The first sentence has already been written for you. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
1. 很多人认为有必要举行口语考试,理由是…… 2.也有人持不同的意见,……
Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?
A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET).
Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?
A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET).This will undoubtedly arouse people's enthusiasm for spoken English. But is spoken English really so important as to be included in CET? Different people have different opinions. Some people think it's necessary to hold a test of spoken English. For these years, little attention has been paid to spoken English. Some people have done extremely well in written English tests, but they may be at a loss at what to say when they meet a native English speaker. What's the use of learning English ff they cannot communicate with English-speaking people, or cannot express themselves smoothly? Such a test will certainly inspire more and more people to practice spoken English. What's more, the result in a test of spoken English can better illustrate people's English proficiency. However, some people think differently. They think people should attach much importance to spoken English. The time for a test of spoken English is far from mature. At present, people should focus on reading and writing, which are the most important aspects of English learning. Furthermore, there is no objective marking system, and teachers' preference may influence their correct evaluation of the students' oral ability. In my point of view, a test of spoken English is necessary. It encourages me to take every chance to practice spoken English and provides me with an opportunity to show my English ability. I feel pressure, but such pressure gives me motivation. I will feel excited ff I can take such a test.