1. Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a composition of about 150 words on the following topic: Is It Good to Take a Part-time Job? You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state just one major advantage or disadvantage of taking a part-time job. In the second, support your view with details or examples. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be rewarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to following the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
Is It Good to Take a Part-time Job? Many university students choose to take a part time job and the fervent discussion about whether it is good to take a part-time job is still on. Here I just want to point out one major advantage of taking a part- time job — we can learn some very useful skills that cannot be learnt from books. There are many elements essential to our success in our future career, among which knowledge from books is just one. We need have the skills to get along well with various kinds of people, to cooperate with our partners, to express our ideas clearly and convincingly to others, and to arrange our schedule in an orderly way. All above are essential elements, which cannot be learnt from books but from practice in real situations. Taking a part-time job can just offer such a real situation in which we can practice ourselves and master these skills. In short, when mastering these skills, a student will be very competitive and successful in his life. So I believe it advisable for a student to take a part-time job.
SECTION B NOTE-WRITING
1. Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a note of about 50~60 words based on the following situation: You have received an invitation from your classmate, Phillip to his birthday party on the coming Saturday evening. Write him a note informing him of your acceptance of his invitation. Marks will be rewarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.
Mar. 11th, 2003 Dear Philip, I am so glad to have got your invitation to your birthday party. I think that I cannot afford missing such a good chance to gather together with you, our classmates and friends on this great occasion. I wish we would have a good time this Saturday evening. By the way, I guess you'd better be prepared for a big surprise I would give you! Yours, Jason
PART Ⅱ DICTATION
1. Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
[解析] Online Health Forum There are many aspects to health, illness and healing. Among all the teachings there is one theme that is universal to them all and that is the unquestionable benefit achieved by communicating with others about health and its related issues. It is with this single philosophy in mind that we have developed this site as a forum for communication. Dealing with a medical concern is often difficult. Connecting with others who are going through the same thing can make a world of difference. Our mission is to develop online communities to help you make those connections. You can post questions, comments, and respond to messages from others. We've got various topics, and we're adding more all the time. If you don't see the topic you are looking for, just let us know and we will consider a message board for it. We hope you decide to become a regular participant and help to make this a great resource!
PART Ⅲ LISTENING COMPREHENSION In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything once only. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear eight statements. At the end of each statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.
[解析] Mr. Farrell bought a sixteen-dollar earphone for twelve dollars on the twentieth of September, 1980.
[题解] 本句根据提问,应注意听清句中数量词组。
2. According to the speaker, the United States and other western countries
A.have to adjust to the problems of immigrants nowadays.
B.have enough experience to deal with immigration.
C.have problems in adjusting the waves of immigrants.
D.have experience in adjusting to immigration problems.
A B C D
D
[解析] The United States and other western counties have experienced adjustment problems with each new wave of immigrants.
[题解] 本句应根据上下文,注意词组和句意。
3. When did the manager arrive at the meeting?
A.At nine o'clock.
B.At nine and twenty-five.
C.At eight and thirty-five.
D.At nine and thirty-five.
A B C D
B
[解析] The manager was planning to attend the board meeting at nine o'clock, but he finally arrived at the meeting 25 minutes later.
[题解] 本句根据提问,应注意数量词组并记住具体时间。
4. What is the profession of the speaker?
A.A historian.
B.A social worker.
C.A political leader.
D.An old soldier.
A B C D
A
[解析] In the seventeenth century, European soldiers who came across some Indians in the Old World to find them living in a society without a formal headship.
[题解] 本句应注意根据整个句子上下文的意思进行判断。
5. Kreider wishes to
A.send for the doctor.
B.send for his son.
C.keep his son home.
D.let the doctor go home.
A B C D
C
[解析] Kreider would rather his son did not send for the doctor.
[题解] 本句应注意词组would rather:宁愿……(would rather do sth.; would rather sb. did sth.)。
6. What does the speaker mean?
A.Nino is neither brave nor independent.
B.Nino is both brave and independent,
C.Nino is either brave or independent.
D.Nino is not only brave but independent.
A B C D
A
[解析] We used to think Nino is brave and independent, but now we know better.
7. What can we most probably infer from the statement?
A.Both Maggie and her mother are worried.
B.Only Maggie's mother seems to be worried.
C.Both of them are worried about different things.
D.Both of them are worried about the same thing.
A B C D
B
[解析] Maggie finds it difficult to catch the last train to Chicago, but her mother is afraid that she will be late for school.
[题解] 本句应根据句义注意推理。
8. What can be said about John?
A.John stopped smoking while working.
B.John smoked while taking a rest.
C.John restarted his work after his failure.
D.John made great efforts to begin his work again.
A B C D
B
[解析] John stopped to smoke and then resumed his work with great efforts.
[题解] 本句应注意词组stop to do:停下来去做……可比较一下stop doing:停止做……;戒……
SECTION B PASSAGES In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.
1. What did the man do during the winter vocation?
A.He went skiing.
B.He went swimming.
C.He went on studying.
D.He didn't do much.
A B C D
C
[解析] M: Did you do anything during the winter vocation? W: Not much. What did you do then? M: I had planned to go skiing or swimming but I wound up studying for the National Test.
[题解] 对话是谈论有关假期安排什么活动。根据对话中的最后回答wound up studying for the National Test,说明最后还是继续学习了。词组wind up doing sth.:end up doing sth.最后以……结束/告终;结果……
2. What was the man going to do?
A.Fishing.
B.Swimming.
C.Doing something impossible.
D.Feeling sorry about it.
A B C D
A
[解析] M: The storm is going to continue. I would like to go fishing, but now it is impossible. W: Yes. It is a shame. But it is obvious that we can go swimming together today.
[解析] M: It is so hot today. I can't work. I wish I could leave this stuffy room to get some fresh air. W: So do I. But I have to finish my work even without the air-conditioner.
[题解] 对话的主要话题是关于房间里的空气闷热。虽然提到了工作,但不是讲工作量的事,也不是讲空调。
4. Food prices
A.will not rise this year.
B.will fall down till the new year.
C.will rise up until after the new year.
D.will hold down not until the new year.
A B C D
A
[解析] M: Most of the leading food shops have promised to hold prices down until after the new year. W: I hope so.
[题解] 对话是有关食品的价格。promise to hold prices down until after the new year保证食品价格不涨,一直到在新年过后。而选择C是说食品价格一直要上涨到新年以后。
5. The relationship between the two speakers is probably
A.intimate friends.
B.man and wife.
C.psychoanalyst and patient.
D.instructor and student.
A B C D
A
[解析] W: I wonder what I should say to my boyfriend when he comes late. M: Well, I guess. It just depends on what kind of relationship you have.
[题解] 对话是谈论男朋友迟到怎么办,应根据对话中的提问做出选择。
6. What are they talking about?
A.What they can do.
B.Where to stop the ear.
C.What they are not allowed to do.
D.Where they can reach.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: We're not allowed to pull off the road for a rest now. W: But we can if we reach a special place about two kilometers.
[题解] 对话主要是谈论在哪里可以停车的问题。词组pull off road:在路边停一下车。
7. What can we learn from the conversation?
A.Neither of them has a favorable opinion of the politicians.
B.The man doesn't like visiting gardens with politicians.
C.Both agree it's time to cut down taxes immediately.
D.The man think taxes are all right, but the woman doesn't.
A B C D
A
[解析] M: The politicians have been leading us up the garden path all these years. W: It's true, they've promised us tax cuts to get our votes but they've never done anything.
[题解] 对话是关于政治家们对于减税的承诺。词组lead sb.up the garden (path):引诱某人;把某人引入歧途。根据对话,说明双方对政治家没有好感。词组have a favorable opinion of:对……有好评。
8. How much money could have been saved by the man?
A.$68.
B.$35.
C.$49.
D.$53.
A B C D
D
[解析] W: Hi, John. How much is the coat you bought? M: Oh, I paid $139 for the coat when I could have got the same one for $86.
[解析] M: The company is operating from London, but is planning to move to Paris. W: Really? It used to be operating from Berlin.
[题解] 对话是谈论有关公司总部将迁移巴黎的事宜。听清对话,根据提问,着重听清地名。
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
Questions 18 and 19 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
B.Some pointed questions from some Republican representatives.
C.The independence of the Columbia Accident Investigation Board.
D.The establishment of the NASA Accident Investigation Board.
A B C D
C
[解析] 18-19 Pointed questions about the independence of the Columbia Accident Investigation Board dominated the first congressional hearing on the Feb. 1 space shuttle mishap that left seven astronauts dead. Key Republicans, including House Science Committee Chairman Sherwood Boehlert joined Democrats in urging greater independence for the board. NASA established the Accident Investigation Board within hours of losing Columbia, appointing retired U. S. Navy Admiral Harold Gordon, Jr. as its chair, NASA Administrator repeatedly defended the board's independence from NASA while stressing that he is willing to comply with any changes that Gordon feels are necessary to ensure that the board can conduct its investigation without undue influence from NASA.
[题解] 根据提问,新闻是关于哥伦比亚号航天飞机失事调查委员会的独立性问题。Pointed questions about the independence of the Columbia Accident Investigation Board dominated the first congressional hearing On the Feb. 1 space shuttle mishap。
2. Who is going to be the chairman of the Accident Investigation Board?
A.Sherwood Boehlert.
B.Harold Gordon.
C.NASA Administrator.
D.House Science Committee Chairman.
A B C D
B
[解析] 本题是细节题。应该根据提问,注意听清是准:appointing retired U. S. Navy Admiral Harold Gordon, Jr. as its chair。
Questions 20 and 21 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
[解析] 20-21 British Prime Minister Tony Blair appeared to be in favor of a push for a second U.N. resolution to endorse military action against Iraq. He said, here in London on Monday, the earlier resolution demanding Iraq disarm made a convincing case for tough action. At the United Nations, U.S. and British diplomats said the two countries have planned a new resolution and will introduce it to the U.N. this week, probably on Wednesday. Some European leaders also gave the American military buildup in the Persian Gulf credit for forcing Saddam to work with U. N. weapons inspectors. However, U. N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan stressed that he did not want the weapons inspections to go on too long, suggesting the threat of action had to be real to preserve the body's credibility.
[题解] 根据新闻,布莱尔倾向于推出要求联合国授权向伊拉克动武的新决议:Blair appeared to be in favor of a push for a second U. N. resolution to endorse military action against Iraq.
2. U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan would like to see
A.a plan to force Saddam to work with U.N. inspectors.
B.an early completion of U.N. weapons inspection.
C.the American military buildup in the Persian Gulf.
D.the United Nations' credibility respectfully stressed.
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据提问,联合国秘书长安南希望联合国武器核查工作时间不要拖得过长。Annan stressed that he did not want the weapons inspections to go on too long.所以他提示要有真正的威慑力量来维护联合国的信誉,而不是得到强调。
Questions 22 and 23 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
[解析] 22-23 A marketing company led by former German soccer star Guenter Netzer finalized its deal Monday for most television rights to soccer's 2006 World Cup. Infront Sports won the bidding to the tournament, which will be played in Germany, Oct. 10, along with rights to the German Bundesliga and the ice hockey and handball world championships. German newspapers estimated that Infront offered around about $325 million for KirchSport's assets that have filed for insolvency. Infront, which will sell rights to broadcasters around the world, will have to pay $1.08 billion to FIFA, soccer's governing body.
[题解] 根据新闻,Infront Spots应该是A marketing company led by former German soccer star Guenter Netzer finalized its deal Monday for most television rights to soccer's 2006 World Cup. Infront Sports won the bidding。
2. How much did Infront Sports pay for the television rights to soccer's 2006 World Cup?
A.$300 millions.
B.$30,025 millions.
C.$1.08 billions.
D.$1.08 millions.
A B C D
C
[解析] 本题是细节题。根据新闻报道该公司须支付$1080亿美圆:Infront will have to pay $1.08 billion to FIFA, soccer's governing body。
Questions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
[解析] 24-25 Veteran British designer Katharine Hamnett took a sobering anti-war stand on the occasion of London Fashion Week on Tuesday, sending her models down the catwalk in "Stop War" T-shirts. Hamnett was determined to speak out in protest against U. S. and British preparations for a possible war against Iraq over its alleged possession of weapons of mass destruction. "I'm saying to people: 'Use the little shreds of democracy that you've got left to save yourselves before it's too late' ". On Saturday a massive anti- war rally began in central London, drawing almost one million people, Britain's largest ever street protest.
[题解] 本题是细节题。注意听清Katharine Hamnett的职业。在第一句里就说明了:Veteran British designer Katharine Hamnett took a sobering anti-war stand。这里veteran的意思并不是“老兵”,而是“老练的,老牌的”。
2. When did the Britain's largest ever street protest against war take place?
A.On Tuesday.
B.On Monday.
C.On Saturday.
D.On Friday.
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据提问,伦敦最大的反战示威游行是在星期六:On Saturday a massive anti-war rally began in central London, drawing almost one million people, Britain's largest ever street protest。
PART Ⅳ CLOZE Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet. Barbecuing has become an 1 part of American life, as barbecue grills are found in the majority of American homes. Part of it is that barbecuing is 2 and relaxing because outdoor cooking is always informal. It is also delicious. It is 3 the effort to learn a bit more about it so you can progress beyond the old standbys of hamburgers and hot dogs. There is no 4 to limit barbecuing to the summer months, 5 it can be done out of doors all year round. We have often used our gas barbecue kettle as an 6 oven for Thanksgiving and Christmas dinners. In the heat of the summer 7 turn on the oven, we use the barbecue to cook almost everything, including pizza (high heat and indirect on a bread stone). Think of your barbecue grill as another cooking 8 . Low heat and indirect is usually 9 as the cooking method. The 10 is hamburgers and steaks which are at high heat and indirect. Chicken or ribs 11 a snap to barbecue at low heat and indirect. Simply baste with your favorite sauce in the last 15 minutes of cooking. 12 any barbecuing, always use a tongs rather than a fork to turn the meat to avoid the 13 of juice. Fish is a real treat on the grill. If you have not tried fish on the gill, you 14 . Fish should be coated with a mixture of even parts olive oil and lemon. This is just to keep the fish from 15 to the grill.
[解析] 本题的句型结构很重要。There is no reason to do:做……没有理由。There is no doubt about sth.;there is no doubt that...:关于……毫无疑问。There is no way of;there is no way in; there is no way to do:表示在哪个方面/在哪里等没有方法/办法。所以还要根据上下文的意思来判断。本句的意思是“不必仅在夏季享用烧烤,一年四季都行”。
[解析] 在烤鱼时涂上橄榄油和柠檬,目的是要防止鱼粘在烤架上。词组stick to:粘在;依附在;坚持。词组hold to:follow exactly or keep to坚持。
PART Ⅴ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
1. "I bought this computer for $500 last week." "It's on sale this week for only $400. You should have waited." "Oh, really? But how ______ I know?"
A.can
B.will
C.do
D.would
A B C D
D
[解析] 这里是虚拟语气,表示当时怎会知道。当然,如果用would I have known的动词时态,可能会更符合语法的规范。但是没有提供该选项。那就只能选择最接近正确的时态。
2. Tom ______ in the paper as scheduled, but he was seriously injured two days ago.
A.was to hand
B.was to have handed
C.is to have handed
D.ought to hand
A B C D
B
[解析] 动词be后面跟动词不定式,可以表示: 1) 计划要做的事。(I am to clean the kitchen this afternoon.) 2) 有义务要做的事。(You are to hand in your paper this Friday.) 3) (在条件句中指)预期要达到的目标。(If you are to win the speech contest, you have to practice more.) 4) 如果是用be动词的过去式was/were to do,证明了事情发展的结果。(Building a bridge across the torrential river was to prove a much more difficult task.) 5) 有时,用be动词的过去式was/were to do,表示没有可能的事情,或者没有做成功的事。 这种时态的运用与其他的虚拟语气句型和时态的格式是一样的。如果表示在现在不可能实现的主观愿望,就用If I were to do it once more, I would do it much better。如果表示过去应该做的而没有做成的事情,就用They were to have got home before dawn。而事实上,他们没有在天亮前到达。
3. ______ his proper timely dieting, he would have gained more weight.
A.Unless
B.But for
C.Except for
D.Not for
A B C D
B
[解析] 词组But for:without;if not for要不是,常常用在虚拟语气的句型里,相当于连接词if引导的一个非真实条件句。
4. So seriously ______ in the train accident that he has lost his memory of anything.
5. If you want to lose weight, you should not take such food ______ really necessary.
A.as is
B.as it is
C.as it was
D.as was
A B C D
A
[解析] 这里选A,因为as与such常常连用,同时该词又具有关系代词的功能。在本句这个特定的句型里,就应用as is necessary。有时,可以把这个句型看作是从as it is necessary中省略了代词it而转变过来的。但是,如果这里就用as it is necessary,虽然符合语法,却不符合习惯用法。因为代词as可以在句子里既引导从句又可以担任从句中的主语。
6. ______ the necessity of more case for the child, he would have grown up the somebody.
7. It has been rainy heavily these days. It is not ______ of a day for a walk after supper.
A.much
B.so much
C.too much
D.as much
A B C D
A
[解析] 词组not much of a: not a very good不是一个很好的。它有两种意思: 1) 指缺乏技术,能力,价值:He is not much of a cook. 2) 指程度不是很严重的,不是令人很不愉快的事情或者人:I cut my finger with a vegetable knife but it is not much of a cut.
8. ______ badly he had slept; he was always up early.
10. The minister of foreign affairs made a statement ______ he has excluded the possibility of being involved in the Gulf conflicts.
A.which
B.whether
C.what
D.where
A B C D
D
[解析] 本句是定语从句的连接词问题。只要从句中不缺少主谓宾等成分,就不可能选关系代词,应该考虑关系副词。前面的名词是声明,可以认为是在声明里in the statement。但是缺少状语,所以用in which。而连接词加介词in which应等于关系副词where。
11. He was not allowed to leave without his parents' permission, ______ insufficiently protected from some danger.
A.considering
B.being considered
C.having considered
D.and considered
A B C D
B
[解析] 这里是分词的被动形式,做伴随状态的状语,同时还具有一点表示原因的意味。动词 consider后面可以加宾语再加形容词或分词做宾语补语。本句的意思是他父母认为他没有受到足够的保护,就不准他外出。(consider him insufficiently protected from some danger)
12. He deserves ______ for what be has done in face of crisis.
A.to praise
B.praising
C.being praised
D.having praised
A B C D
B
[解析] 本句意思是他应该为他面对危机所采取的行动得到表扬。而动词deserve后面一般跟名词或者动名词做宾语。因其意思是被动的,就是受到表扬,所以这里就不必再用动名词的被动形式了。再用被动形式就累赘重复,不仅没必要,也不符合语法。类似的动词还有need。 如:Your radio needs repairing.
13. There being no cause for alarm, you ______ in such a panic yesterday.
A.need not act
B.did not need to act
C.need not have acted
D.did not need to have acted
A B C D
C
[解析] 本句是虚拟语气的句子。前半句没有给出标准的虚拟语气句式,没有用连接词if引导非真实条件句,而是给了一个分词独立结构,但是它的功能作用与连接词if引导的非真实条件句是一样的。句子中提供了过去的时间状语yesterday,所以选need not have acted。
14. Some people want greater freedom within the region ______ by many other ethnic groups.
SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.
TEXT A Which Vitamin Boosts Brain Power? Vitamin E has been touted for its anti-aging and anti-cancer benefits because, as an antioxidant, it counters the destructive action of molecules called free radicals. Now a study has shown vitamin E may also help the memory loss and impaired thinking that occurs in the elderly. Researchers at the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging in Chicago conducted a three-year study involving nearly 3,000 people older than 65 to investigate the cognitive effects of vitamin E in food and supplements. By comparing the average scores of four different tests of memory and perception, the researchers were able to track change in cognitive function with age. The participants also completed dietary questionnaires periodically, which enabled the researchers to determine their vitamin E intake. The study found that the higher the intake of total vitamin E, the less change there was in the people's average test scores each year. And those men and women who consumed the most vitamin E had a 36 percent lower rate of decline in their average test scores than those who consumed the least vitamin E. Other antioxidants, such as vitamin A, carotene and vitamin C, had little effect on the results. Those who took supplements but got little vitamin E from food appeared to have the same protective benefit from the vitamin as those who consumed high amounts of E in their diets, says Martha Clare Morris, an assistant professor at Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center. Several clinical trials are underway to compare protection from cognitive decline in people taking a supplement or a placebo, she says. In this study, the majority who took a supplement reported taking 400 IU a day.
1. Vitamin E is
A.very popular among some people.
B.effective in memory enhancement.
C.very helpful to the elderly actions.
D.destructive in aging and cancers.
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据提问,在第一段里说明了Vitamin E有anti-aging and anti-cancer功效,还有助于the memory loss and impaired thinking that Occurs in the elderly。
2. When researchers conducted a three-year study involving nearly 3,000 people older than 65, what should these people do first?
A.They should fill up a dietary form regularly.
B.They should enable the researchers to evaluate.
C.They should compare different effects of Vitamin E.
D.They should take a regular diet as advised.
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据提问,在第三段里找到The participants also completed dietary questionnaires periodically, which enabled the researchers to determine their vitamin E intake这句话里说明他们要定期填写有关饮食的调查表。
3. Which of the following statements is true, according to the author of this passage?
A.Older people can also benefit from vitamin E in non-staples.
B.The regular Vitamin E intake is effective to all file elderly people.
C.All the elderly people can only benefit from Vitamin E in food.
D.Only some elderly people will benefit from Vitamin E in food.
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据提问,需要找到与各个选项相关的信息。第二段里有to investigate the cognitive effects of vitamin E in food and supplements。说明调查研究的对象有食品和补充食物。最后一段 Those who took supplements but got little vitamin E from food appeared to have the same protective benefit from the vitamin as those who consumed high amounts of E in their diets也说明从食品和补充食物中摄入Vitamin E作用一样。选项中non-staples与supplements是近义词。
TEXT B A Cross-cultural Phenomenon There appears to be a great variation as to the treatment that older adults receive, ranging from extreme reverence and respect to abandonment and deprivation with a broad range of studies dealing with perceptions of old age. Most investigators report findings which support the view that attitudes toward the elderly were most favorable in primitive societies and decrease with increasing modernization to the point of generally negative view in industrialized Western nations. In other words, the more "civilized" the society is, the more likely they are to be ageist and maintain negative attitudes about the aged. Some examples may be helpful. Men in the Middle East view old age as life's summit. Older men are viewed as having attained high status and prestige. In fact, the word "sheik" originally meant "old man". No mention is, however, made of women's status in old age in the Middle East. Women's status and power does increase in many cultures following menopause. It is stated that the old widow has great power in the Japanese family. Women in many small-scale traditional societies also enjoy an increase in status. Post-menopausal women in these societies usually experience greater sexual freedom, the right to participate in ritual, the right to participate in the political realm of the society, and a decrease in the amount of work required in the home. With regard to work, the older woman is expected to be leisured. The cross-cultural differences in attitudes towards the aged may in part be due to different societal perspectives. Three of the factors hypothesized to contribute to the development of ageism are of relevance here. First, death is not viewed in Western society as a natural part of the life cycle. Those societies, which view life and death as a continuous process, exhibit fewer ageist attitudes. For example, fewer ageist attitudes are exhibited in Japan and the Middle East. Second, older individuals are viewed as productive in many small-scale traditional societies. In fact, they are often the power brokers within those societies. This can be compared with Western society where older adults are thought of as unproductive and therefore, negatively. Last, not all societies are youth oriented. Therefore, a higher value is placed on the later stages of adulthood.
1. What does the author mean by cross-cultural phenomenon concerning people's attitudes toward ageism?
2. Which of the following is true according to the author?
A.The more civilized society is more likely to respect the aged people.
B.Attitudes toward the elderly are most favorable in modern societies.
C.The increased modernization causes abandonment and deprivation.
D.Perceptions of old age are associated with the progress of society.
A B C D
D
[解析] 按照第一段favorable attitudes toward the elderly in primitive societies [tend to] decrease with increasing modernization to the point of generally negative view in industrialized Western nations. In other words, the more “civilized” the society is,the more likely they are to be ageist and maintain negative attitudes about the aged.
3. According to the writer, women in old age are most likely to enjoy an increase in status in one of the following societies:
4. Which of the following does contribute to the idea of ageism?
A.Death is regarded as a natural part of the life cycle.
B.The old individuals are not seen as productive in their societies.
C.Modernization has decreased a continuous process of life and death.
D.Older adults receive more respect for their wisdom and experience.
A B C D
B
[解析] 参照第四段This can be compared with Western society where older adults are thought of as unproductive and therefore, negatively.
TEXT C Seven Excuses Not to Go to College Think college is for other kids, and not for you? Wrong. Don't give up on college before you take a good look at it. One. "I can't go to college — nobody in my family has ever gone." In every family, someone has to be first. Why not you? True, being first can be hard. On the other hand, being first is likely to be a source of pride, for you and your family. Two. "I've been in school for 12 years. That's enough! I just want a good job." Give college a chance. It's not like high school or junior high. For one thing, in college you pick a major — a subject area that you want to learn about. As for that good job — the best jobs and the best salaries go to college grads. Three. "I can't go to college because I can't afford it." Most students get financial aid to help pay for college, and most aid is based on need. This means that the less money you have, the more aid you might get. Four. "I can't go because I don't know how to apply or where I want to go." Tell your high school counselors you want to go to college fairs, where colleges introduce themselves to students. Ask them how to write to schools for information. Try to visit colleges that interest you. Keep at it. After a while, you'll get a feel for differences among colleges, and start to know what you want. Five. "I can't go to college — I don't know what I want to do with my life." Join the crowd. Thousands of college freshmen haven't decided on a major or on a career. That's how college helps. It exposes you to all sorts of subjects you've never heard of before. College is a great place to learn more about careers you'll love for life. Six. "I can't go to college, because I just won't fit in." Not so. Most colleges have students from many backgrounds. Homesick? Need a hand? Look for people with your interests or your background in the African-American club, on the soccer field, or in a Korean study group. Remember, college is a great place to meet new kinds of people with different lifestyles. And the more people you understand and feel comfortable with, the better prepared you'll be for the world after college. Seven. "College is too hard for me." Not you, too! Most students worry about being good enough for college, so you're not alone. One idea: In high school, don't just study — learn how to study. Most good students have strategies for studying. Once you learn how to study, chances are you'll do fine. Still need help? Professors are really helpful, and so are the tutors.
1. When you are considering colleges, you usually have already studied for
A.8 years.
B.10 years.
C.9 years.
D.12 years.
A B C D
D
[解析] 问题是细节题。根据提问,就能在第二个理由中找到答案。
2. Which is the reason involved in financial matters that prevent people from going to college?
A.Four.
B.One.
C.Three.
D.Two.
A B C D
C
[解析] 本题也是细节题。问的是有关上大学的经费问题。那么第三个理由就是答案。
3. Which are the reasons for not going to college, when you do not know anything about your future career?
TEXT D Coffee Coffee probably derives its name from the Arabic "gahwah", although some etymologists connect it with the name Kaffa, a province in southwest Ethiopia reputed to be the birthplace of coffee. Coffee plants were taken to southern Arabia and placed under cultivation there about 500 years ago. The history of coffee, although vague and obscure, is rich in legend. One of the tales surrounding the discovery of coffee is that of Kaldi, a goat herder. Bewildered by the weird antics of his flock, Kaldi is supposed (about A. D. 850) to have eaten berries of the evergreen bush on which the goats were feeding and, overjoyed at the feeling of exhilaration that he expe.rienced, has been pictured as dashing off in excitement to proclaim his great find to the world. The stimulating effect of coffee was soon discovered and taken advantage of in connection with the long religious service of the Muslims; but the strictly orthodox or conservative section of the priesthood claimed that it was an intoxicating beverage prohibited by the Koran. Those who used: it were threatened with severe penalties. Nevertheless, coffee drinking spread rapidly among Arabian Muslims, and its growth and use became general in Arabia. The early record of coffee in Europe, where it was introduced into one country after another during the 16th and 17th centuries, is filled with accounts of its use as a religious, political, and medical potion, its rises and falls in favor, and its prohibition or approval. Coffee gained its first real popularity as a beverage in the coffee houses of London. In the first known coffee advertisement, a handbill produced in 1652 (original in the British museum), proclaimed that coffee "quickens the spirits, and makes the heart lightsome ... is good against sore eyes". Continental Europe became well implanted with the idea of coffee, and the coffeehouses flourished in most European countries later in the 17th century. In the major cities of North America, coffeehouses also became popular, starting about 1689. The first license to sell coffee in the Merchants' coffeehouses, established in New York in 1737, is claimed by some authorities to have been the "birthplace of the American Union". Until the close of the 17th century, the world's rather limited supply of coffee was obtained almost entirely from the province of Yemen in southern Arabia. But, with the increasing popularity of the beverage, the propagation of the plant spread rapidly from southern Arabia to many other places all over the world. By the 20th century, coffee has become responsible for much of the income of many countries lying between the Tropic Capricorn and the Tropic of Cancer. Although practically every country within this area produced some coffee, the greatest concentration of production became centered in the western hemisphere. This began to change, however, toward the middle of the century as the growth of coffee in Africa began to assume major importance.
1. According to this author, the name of Coffee seems to come from
A.the name of a province.
B.the name of a plant.
C.the name of the finder.
D.the Arabic word "gahwah".
A B C D
D
[解析] 本题是细节题。根据提问,在相关的段落找到信息。作者在第一段第一句话就说明了咖啡名称的可能出处:Coffee probably derives its name from the Arabic “gahwah”.
2. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?
A.The discovery of coffee is closely related with the long religious service of the Muslims.
B.The stimulating effect of coffee was not taken advantage of till very later by the Muslims.
C.Kaldi, a goat herder, was severely punished for his accidental discovery of coffee.
D.Even if coffee was once prohibited, coffee drinking was popular among Arabian Muslims.
SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING In this section there are seven passages with a total of ten multiple-choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.
TEXT E The Best of Australia The people — The spirit of pulling together in hard times and achieving beyond expectation; the eminent Australians from all walks of life, the battlers and the ordinary Australians. Our diversity — A nation of difference and unity. People from the city, the country, different nations and backgrounds; we are one people, living together. The indigenous cultures — The rich and resilient spirituality; the knowledge, art and history. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are part of Australia's identity and culture. A fair go for all — An enduring spirit of mateship and fairness. A compassionate society committed to access to employment, housing, health and education.
1. What does the author say about the Australian native people?
TEXT F Independence Day In 1767, England placed a tax on all tea used by the American colonist. The colonists protested "taxation without representation" and refused to allow the tea to be unloaded. In 1773, colonists dressed as Native Americans, boarded ships from the East India Company and threw 300 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor. This became known as the Boston Tea Party and the road to freedom was begun. On January 10, 1776 the famous pamphlet Common Sense, by Thomas Paine, was distributed. It swept the colonies invoking a sense of pride and determination. The Spirit of '76 was born. On July 4, 1776, Congress passed the Declaration of Independence. It announced to the world that "these United Colonies" are "Free and Independent States" and absolved their ties with England, thus beginning the war for independence. They had declared their right to "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
1. Which year is the year when the American colonists began to fight a war for independence?
A.1767.
B.1776.
C.1777.
D.1779.
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据提问,答案在全文倒数第二句中thus beginning the war for independence。
TEXT G American Food Coca-Cola John Pemberton, a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia made tonics and elixirs. While creating a remedy to cure headaches, he mixed coca leaves and cola nuts. When carbonated water was added accidentally Pemberton decided to market his creation as a fountain drink rather than a curative mixture. Chocolate Chip Cookies In the 1930s in Whitman, Massachusetts the beloved chocolate chip cookie was created. One day at the Toll House Inn, Ruth Wakefield ran out of her baking chocolate. She decided to chop a chocolate bar into small pieces, then adding the pieces to some dough and history was made. Ice Cream Cones Ice cream has been around for thousands of years. However, the cone is a recent taste treat. The discovery took place at the 1904 Worlds Fair in St. Louis. One day an ice cream vendor ran out of dishes. The vendor besides him was selling wafer thin Persian waffles. He rolled them up and offered them to the ice cream man. Iced Tea Yes, America was the birthplace of iced tea. In summer 1904, at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, the weather was swelteringly hot. Well, a creative young Englishman named Richard Blechynden took a chance and poured the tea into glasses with chunks of ice. The beverage was a big success.
1. A creative young Englishman named Richard Blechynden created
A.Coca-Cola.
B.Chocolate Chip Cookies.
C.Ice Cream Cones.
D.Iced Tea.
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据提问,在相关的段落找到信息。Well,a creative young Englishman named Richard Blechynden took a chance and poured the tea into glasses with chunks of ice.
TEXT H Welcome Everyone ! I'm always looking for a quicker way to do things on my computer. Since computers and the Internet are constantly changing, there are always new tips to be learned and shared and I look forward to learning and sharing with all of you. Please feel free to bring your tips in for me as well. And if you ever have any questions, please leave them here for me and if I can't help you I can tell you just what discussion board here can and point you in the right direction. I hope to see you checking back here often. If you don't have any tips, please feel free just to stop and say hi to me and let me know if there is anything you would like to see added here besides the tips I leave each day for you.
1. What is the intention of the writer of the letter below?
A.Looking for tips for a quicker way to do things.
B.Trying to offer his own advice for computer problems.
C.Asking readers to come to ask questions of computer.
D.Inviting readers to visit the discussion board frequently.
TEXT I ESL and EFL Although the methods introduced by using the example of learning English as a second or foreign language, I have used them to learn various other languages and they are based upon research which is cross cultural and has now occurred across many different language groups. The resources have been written in order to help both teachers and language learners. The targets include offering assistance for:
Learning language quickly and effectively. Using educationally sound, well targeted learning methodologies. Developing appropriate goals and using methodologies which support those goals. Ensuring that study schedules are effective.
Studies of language over the past hundred, and particularly the past thirty years have shown that the many languages of the world have certain common characteristics:
Strengths of Human Languages Humans have a natural, innate ability to acquire and create language. Language is fluid — it changes quickly. Focusing on how to use a language is by far the fastest way to acquire the ability to effectively communicate in that language. Language learners learn primarily from their peers, even when the peers are also learners.
1. The targets to help both teachers and language learners include all of the following BUT
A.learning language quickly and effectively.
B.using educationally sound, well targeted learning methodologies.
C.developing appropriate methodologies that support the new ideas.
D.ensuring that study schedules are effective.
A B C D
C
[解析] 参照有关targets的第一段。
2. Many human languages of the world have certain common characteristics EXCEPT that
A.humans have a natural, innate ability to acquire and create language.
B.focusing on how to use a language is the fastest way to communicate.
C.language learners learn primarily from their peers, who are also learners.
D.because human languages are changing constantly, so they are fluid.
A B C D
B
[解析] 参照有关common characteristics的段落。
TEXT J Definitions of Censorship The term "censorship" comes from the Latin, censere "to give as one's opinion, to assess." Here are excerpts of definitions of "censorship" from U.S. organizations and publications with varying views: Censor: One who supervises conduct and morals: as a) an official who examines materials (as publications or films) for objectionable matter; b) an official (as in time of war) who reads communications (as letters) and deletes material considered harmful to the interests of his organization. —Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Censorship: The use of the state and other legal or official means to restrict speech. —Culture Wars, Documents from the Recent Controversies in the Arts In general, censorship of books is a supervision of the press in order to prevent any abuse of it. In this sense, every lawful authority, whose duty it is to protect its subjects from the ravages of a pernicious press, has the right of exercising censorship of books. —The Catholic Encyclopedia Censorship 1. The denial of freedom of speech or freedom of the press. 2. The review of books, movies, etc. , to prohibit publication and distribution, usually for reasons of morality or state security. —Oran's Dictionary of Law Censorship: official restriction of ally expression believed to threaten the political, social, or moral order. —Encyclopedia. com Censorship — the prevention of publication, transmission, or exhibition of material considered undesirable for the general public to possess or be exposed to. —Fast Times' Political Dictionary
1. How many dictionaries have been quoted which give the definition of Censorship only in this article?
2. Which of the following is quoted to be offering two definitions of censorship?
A.The Catholic Encyclopedia.
B.Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary.
C.Oran's Dictionary of Law.
D.Fast Times' Political Dictionary
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据提问,迅速查找到提供两种定义的字典。
TEXT K You're Not Picky Enough If... 1. You are willing to date anyone fairly decent, regardless of whether or not he or she is a good match for you. 2. You don't want much from a partner. If he or she has a sense of humor, a job and feelings for you, then he or she is good enough. 3. You get into relationships quickly. 4. You accept lots of imperfections in your partner. 5. You date people to whom you are not physically attracted. If you identify more with the "not picky enough" list, you mostly end up with people who aren't very good matches for you. Perhaps, not having been in a relationship in a long time, you are so desperate for love that being with any person seems better than being alone.
1. If you are not picky enough,
A.date someone, whether he or she is decent enough.
B.date someone, whether he or she has a sense of humor.
C.date someone, whether you are physically attracted.
D.date someone, whether he or she has feelings for you.