1. Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a composition of about 150 words on the following topic: A Major Advantage (or Disadvantage) of TV Commercials You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state just one major advantage or disadvantage of TV commercials. In the second, give one or two reasons to support your view. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be rewarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriaqy. Failure to following the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
A Major Advantage (or Disadvantage) of TV Commercials A Major Advantage of TV Commercials In such information-based society, TV commercials play a mom and mom important role — to spur the business world to rotate. The business would slow down or even halt without TV commercials in three aspects. The first aspect is concerned with merchants, who like to make their products known in order to get profits. It is well acknowledged that a key product needs not only quality but fame, which can be created largely by TV commercials. The second aspect is the viewer, who rarely has any idea about various goods on the shelves. Among all the different goods available, they choose the one most familiar. TV commercials give customers clear and direct advice on trying new things. It also benefits the media, especially TV stations, which earn money mainly on commercials. This is the third aspect. In a word, no one can deny the important role TV commercials play in business and in our life. Since the public has their own tastes and choices, TV commercials just offer better goods and services and more choices.
SECTION B NOTE-WRITING
1. Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a note of about 50~60 words based on the following situation: You have got a ticket to a concert by a famous international orchestra from Germany, but you find you are unable to attend. And you know your classmate, Henry, is a music lover. Write him a note explaining why you are sending him the ticket and telling him briefly how to get to the Music Hall. Marks will be rewarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.
March 10, 2003 Dear Henry: I've got a ticket to a concert by a famous international orchestra from Germany on this Friday. I planned to go but I was invited to an important meeting on that day. So, I'd like to send the ticket to you, since I know you're a music lover. It's to be held at the National Concert Hall. You may take the NO. 3 bus directly to the hall. Enjoy the concert if you like. Yours sincerely, Linda
PART Ⅱ DICTATION
1. Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times, During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
[解析] Bridging the Generation Gap America is getting older. In the span of a generation, the average age of U. S. citizens will increase from 32.9 years in 1990 to 37. l years in 2020. As the "baby-boom" generation ages, the proportion of America's population who are age 65, and over, will increase, in that year, Americans aged 60 and over will comprise nearly one quarter of the population. Thus it becomes increasingly important for this country's youth to develop a relationship with our elderly population. New York developed a program to achieve this goal in the late 1970's. Students were writing their autobiographies as part of an interdisciplinary section on immigration and assimilation. The seniors came from many ethnic and racial backgrounds and many of the seniors had immigrated to America in their youth. Through the presentations and discussions, the students learned about overcoming adversity and achieving happiness and fulfillment. The students learned about topics that weren't covered in most textbooks.
PART Ⅲ LISTENING COMPREHENSION In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything once only. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear eight statements. At the end of each statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.
[解析] I didn't have any trouble finding a place to park. But there were many people there.
[题解] 本句根据提问,应注意句子重点。
2. How much did Brown spend on books?
A.He didn't spend as much as John did.
B.He spent twice as much as John did.
C.He spent half as much as John did.
D.He spent nearly as much as John did.
A B C D
D
[解析] Brown would have spent twice as much as John did on books, if he had been very rich at that time.
[题解] 本句应注意虚拟语气。本句的含义是他用来头书的钱跟John差不多。
3. What does the speaker imply?
A.I would like to see you properly.
B.I would like to take proper care of you.
C.I don't expect when you will arrive.
D.I'll make sure you are properly looked after.
A B C D
D
[解析] Let me know as soon as you arrive here. I would like to see to it that you are properly received and taken care of.
[题解] 本句应注意词组和语态。词组see to it that: make sure that确保;负责。
4. What is the profession of the speaker?
A.A teller.
B.An economist.
C.A travel agent.
D.A customs official.
A B C D
A
[解析] To open a current account, you will need to show your passport and birth certificate and to provide your address in the United Kingdom.
[题解] 本句根据提问,应注意本句的句意和用词。
5. Which are not included in the price?
A.Air flights.
B.Hotel rooms.
C.Lunches.
D.Transfers,
A B C D
C
[解析] Enjoy five nights in Hong Kong for only $799. The price includes return flights, transfers, and five-night accommodation without meals.
[题解] 本句府根据问题,注意听懂价格包括的范围和内容。
6. When does the next train leave?
A.7:58.
B.8:00.
C.8:18.
D.8:38.
A B C D
B
[解析] The first train to Greenwood leaves at 7:38. There is a train every hour on the hour and every 38 minutes past the hour.
[题解] 本句应注意根据内容推理出下班列车应是8:00正发车。
7. What can we inter about Terry?
A.Terry is very stupid.
B.Terry is very much worldly.
C.Terry is very sophisticated.
D.Terry has not seen anything.
A B C D
C
[解析] Terry is anything but stupid, because he has seen much of the world.
[题解] 本句应注意词组anything but:决不;并不。比较词组nothing but:只是;仅仅。词组see much of the world:见识广;见过世面。而选择项中只有sophisticated与见多识广最接近。
8. What can be said about his income?
A.His income is divided into several businesses.
B.His income is different from several other businesses.
C.His income is made up of several sources.
D.His income is decomposed of several sources.
A B C D
C
[解析] You know his income is derived from several different businesses.
[题解] 本句应注意词组derive from。
SECTION B PASSAGES In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.
[解析] M: Hi, Jane. Have you seen Mary in the library? W: No, George. You haven't met her on your way to the classroom, have you? M: No, I was hoping that you have. Maybe we have to find her now.
[题解] 对话是关于寻找Mary的事。根据内容,可以判断他俩最可能是一起去找Mary。
2. What does the man indicate?
A.Normally, the ticket is too expensive.
B.Generally, they do not have the opportunity.
C.There are so many people at the weekend.
D.Some of them may not like to go there.
A B C D
D
[解析] W: There is a special discount at the Amusement Park this weekend. I think we could use the opportunity since there are so many of us. M: Well, it depends on what most of us like to do at the weekend.
7. The conversation is most likely to take place between
A.neighbors.
B.husband and wife.
C.doctor and patient.
D.colleagues.
A B C D
D
[解析] M: All morning I have been trying to smooth the matter out between my neighbors. W: Does your wife know all that?
[题解] 对话是关于邻里之间的纠纷,而问题是关于对话双方的关系。根据对话来正确判断并推理。词组smooth... out: make... free of trouble; flatten消除;解除。
8. What can be inferred from Miller's reply?
A.He is capable.
B.He is grateful.
C.He is responsible.
D.He is successful.
A B C D
B
[解析] W: Congratulations, Miller, you have finally finished the book. M: I owe it to my family that I have been able to finish this book.
[题解] 对话是关于成功写完一本书的事。本题是推理题。词组owe... to sb.:欠某人的情;欠某人的债。
9. What do we know about Mike?
A.Mike is almost as busy as she is.
B.Mike has to go to many places.
C.Mike has to do a lot today.
D.Mike is busy preparing his lecture.
A B C D
C
[解析] M: I'm going to the registrar first, and then to the accountant's, and after that I have to prepare my speech for tomorrow's lecture. W: Oh, I say you've got a pretty busy day, Mike.
[题解] 对话是关于一天里所做的事情。问题问的是Mike怎么样。根据对话,应该是他做了很多事情。
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
Questions 18 and 19 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
1. Though Iraq agreed to let the American U-2 surveillance plane join the U.N. inspection,
A.she protests against military action.
B.she maneuvers to show its forces.
C.she intends to defend its country.
D.she makes another concession.
A B C D
C
[解析] 18-19 An American U-2 surveillance plane made its first flight over Iraq on Monday in support of the current U.N. inspection mission, marking another concession by Saddam Hussein's regime to stave off (避开;延迟;挡开) a U. S. -led attack. Meanwhile, Iraqi state television broadcast scenes of Iraqi troops in maneuvers to show their determination to defend the country from a possible U. S. attack. State television said Saddam praised last weekend's anti-war protests, singling out those in Italy, Spain and Britain whose governments support the strong U.S. position against Baghdad. The U-2 flight began only one week after the United Nations and Baghdad broke an impasse (难局;僵局) that had kept the reconnaissance plane grounded since the start of inspections in November. The Iraqis agreed to allow U-2 flights last week, fulfilling a major demand by U.N. inspectors seeking to determine if Iraq still harbors weapons of mass destruction.
[题解] 根据提问,虽然伊拉克同意使用U-2飞机参加武器核查,但是仍然表示要保卫祖国:to show their determination to defend the country from a possible U. S. attack。电视播出伊拉克军队的行动不是为了炫耀武力,也不是为了反对军事行动或为了再做出让步。
2. From the news, we can infer that there are many people protesting against war in
A.France, Italy, and Spain.
B.Italy, Spain and Britain.
C.Poland, Britain and Portugal.
D.more than three countries.
A B C D
D
[解析] 可以在新闻里注意听清人民抗议战争的地区:Saddam praised last weekend's anti-war protests, singling out those in Italy, Spain and Britain,这说明不止有三个国家有人民举行抗议战争的活动。但是,没有具体说明除了意大利、西班牙和英国还有哪些国家。
Questions 20 and 21 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
1. Mike Tyson's heavyweight fight with Clifford Etienne was originally arranged to be on
A.Monday.
B.Saturday.
C.Sunday.
D.Tuesday.
A B C D
B
[解析] 20-21 Mike Tyson's heavyweight fight with Clifford Etienne was postponed Monday, the former-champion saying that he had the flu and was not fit to fight. "I'm sorry to let down all my fans in Memphis and around the world," Tyson said in a statement. "But I am not 100 percent and I do not want to perform at less than that. I'm hopeful the fight can be rescheduled soon." The postponement of Saturday's 10-round bout at the Pyramid Arena ended days of speculation about whether the fight would proceed and is sure to raise questions about the 36-year-old Tyson's boxing future. Fight promoter Showtime issued its own statement saying the TV network had no immediate plans to reschedule the bout, leaving a planned rematch with heavyweight champion Lennox Lewis also in doubt.
[题解] 本题是细节题。比赛是安排在星期六,但是推迟的消息是在星期一发布的。The postponement of Saturday's 10-round bout at the Pyramid Arena.
2. It can be inferred from the news that
A.people have been doubtful about Tyson's boxing future.
B.Mike Tyson is not fit to fight as a heavyweight boxer any more.
C.there will be immediate rescheduling for the 10-round bout.
D.it is Fight promoter Showtime that issued the postponement.
A B C D
A
[解析] 本题是判断题。需要听清楚新闻的大致内容。相关表述是:The postponement of Saturday's 10-round bout at the Pyramid Arena ended days of speculation about whether the fight would proceed and is sure to raise questions about the 36-year-old Tyson's boxing future.
Questions 22 and 23 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
1. Which of the following stock indexes got the highest rising percentage, more than 1%?
A.The Dow Jones industrials:
B.The Standard & Poor's 500.
C.The Nasdaq Composite.
D.None of the above.
A B C D
C
[解析] 22-23 Stocks climbed at Tuesday's opening bell, boosted by technology shares, as last week's momentum swept over into a new week with the help of a handful of reassuring corporate outlooks. The Dow Jones industrials rose 75 points, or 0.96 percent, to 7,984. The Standard & Poor's 500 added 7 points, or 0.95 percent, to 842. The Nasdaq Composite jumped 17 points, or 1.30 percent, to 1,327. Wall Street was shut on Monday for the President's Day holiday, and investors returning to work on Tuesday in parts of the Eastern United States found commutes longer. A blizzard closed major airports, stranded thousands of travelers and buried much of the Northeast under several feet of snow.
[题解] 本题问的是关于华尔街股票市场的股票指数走势情况,有道琼斯工业指数、标准蒲尔500指数和纳斯达克综合指数。The Dow Jones industrials rose 75 points, Or 0.96 percent, to 7,984. The Standard & Poor's 500 added 7 points, or 0.95 percent, to 842. The Nasdaq Composite jumped 17 points, or 1.30 percent, to 1,327.周二,股票指数走势中只有纳斯达克综合指数涨幅超过百分之一。
2. According to the news, the New York Stock Exchange
A.opened on Monday even though it was snowing.
B.did not open on Monday because of closed airports.
C.did not open on Monday because of heavy snow.
D.did not open on Monday because of a holiday.
A B C D
D
[解析] 本题是细节题。华尔街股票市场周一没有开市是因为有总统节:Wall Street was shut on Monday for the President's Day holiday.
Questions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
1. According to the news, President Bush will invade Iraq and topple President Saddam Hussein
A.even if he is facing widespread international opposition to his threats.
B.even if Washington is accused of invading Iraq, a sovereign country.
C.even if he has not got the United Nations Security council approval.
D.even if the United Nations arms inspections continues effectively in Iraq.
A B C D
C
[解析] 24-25 President Bush is facing widespread international opposition to his threats to invade Iraq and topple President Saddam Hussein, whom Washington accuses of hiding chemical and biological weapons. Bush has said he will not let the absence of U. N. approval stop him, describing U. S. security as paramount. Saddam has denied having weapons of mass destruction and several members of the U. N. Security Council want continued U.N. arms inspections rather than war. Top U.N. weapons inspector Hans Blix offered a mixed picture during the session that provided fuel to both hawks and doves on the Security Council facing a decision on war with Iraq.
[题解] 根据新闻,布什总统即使没有得到联合国安理会的批准也决心侵伊倒萨。Bush has said he will not let the absence of U. N. approval stop him.当然,选项A按照常理也可能是答案,只是新闻本身没有说。本题应按照新闻本身来答题。
2. Top U.N. weapons inspector Hans Blix's report to the U. N.
A.proposes a war on Iraq.
B.offers a cheerful picture.
C.gives a negative answer.
D.causes a heated discussion.
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据提问,注意有关Hans Blix的报道:offered a mixed picture during the session that provided fuel to both hawks and doves on the Security Council。他的报告给了联合国安理会里的鹰派和鸽派同样多的理由来宣战和求和。
PART Ⅳ CLOZE Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet. 1 are the missions of a learned society in an era of digital networks? 2 the American Council of Learned Societies, we believe the 3 of digital networks will plow up and replant the worlds of scholarship and education. We believe these technologies can 4 us well if we take care in making the transition to using them. But we also believe 5 may do great damage if we are inattentive or timid or simply dazzled by the technologies. 6 to make the transition to digital networks in the humanities and social sciences is one of our main 7 at the ACLS. For a gathering in November 1996, we asked the executive directors of the 56 learned societies that then belonged to the ACLS 8 brief essays on 9 they perceived to be the mission of their learned society in an 10 age. My remarks are informed by this collection of 11 and our subsequent discussion of them, but the views expressed are my 12 . In due 13 I will argue the following. The new technology will allow long-standing missions of learned societies to be performed in new ways, but the missions of learned societies are also likely to be 14 . 15 are significant changes afoot in the world of scholarship and higher education involving internationalization, interdisciplinarity, and interactive learning. Learned societies are unusually well-positioned to use the new technology to contribute to these changes.
[解析] 关于介词的搭配有时是固定的。木题只能用at。可以看本段最后一句里作者还又提到过一次。有时,好像几个介词都可以,但实际上意思不一样。如at the school和in the school,前者指在该校读书或教学,有特定的或者固定的关系,而in the school则可以是学生教师,也可以是参观者等与学校没有自接关系的人,强调的是空间方位。有时,完形填空这种题日的答案是可以从上下文里找到或者得到确认的。
3.
A.technologies
B.skills
C.techniques
D.equipment
A B C D
A
[解析] 文章中讲的是网络技术。这几个单词,除了equipment是指设备以外,中文意思都是技术,但是有差别的。单词technology主要指的是工业技术,应用科学,比较抽象。单词 technique主要指的是工艺技艺,艺术手法,比较特殊。而单词skill是指个人掌握的具体的技术或者是个人的能力。有时,英语同义词,可以通过英英字典的定义细细品味。见下列的定义: Technology: the branch of knowledge dealing with scientific and industrial methods and their practical use in industrial; practical science. Technique: a) the manner in which a subject is treated by a writer, artist, etc.; b) a method or manner of play in sport; c) skill in art or some specialist activity. Skill: a) (a use of) practical knowledge and power; ability to do something (well); b) different skills,
[解析] 这里是指这个协会关心的事情。甲词concern:a matter that is of importance to someone。当然不是感兴趣的事(interests),也不是其他人安排的任务(assignments),更不是担心的事 (worries)。
8.
A.prepare
B.prepared
C.to prepare
D.preparing
A B C D
C
[解析] 本题也是语法题。动词ask的结构是ask...to do。
9.
A.which
B.how
C.what
D.when
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据上下文以及句型结构应该用what,因为这里没有指哪些,而是指什么是他们的使命。
10.
A.electrical
B.electric
C.eclectic
D.electronic
A B C D
D
[解析] 文章里所指的数字时代,应该指的是电子时代。见下列定义: electric: producing electricity; powered by electricity: worked by electricity: being electricity.电的;导电的;发电的;用电的;电动的 electrical: concerned with electricity: using electricity in some way.电的;电气科学的;与电有关的 electronic: connected with electronics, which is a branch of science dealing with the behavior of electrons.电子的
PART Ⅴ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.
1. If he had left in time for the last bus, he ______ it.
10. These students don't realize ______ to start and run a company upon graduation.
A.what takes them
B.what it takes
C.what they should take
D.what to take it
A B C D
B
[解析] 本句的句子结构是让takes (sb.sth.)to do sth.。
11. ______ of what had happened to Lisa took all of us by surprise.
A.Word
B.Words
C.The word
D.The words
A B C D
A
[解析] 这里单词word不是字的意思,而是消息的意思,相当于news,不加冠词也没有复数形式。
12. When the person invited to a live TV program refuses to answer questions, the on-air talk will be ______.
A.at risk
B.in danger
C.at peril
D.on hazard
A B C D
A
[解析] 这里是指电视上的谈话类节目,如果邀请的嘉宾不愿回答问题,那么电视节目就有风险,而不是危险。单词peril表示(great)danger,esp,of being harmed or killed。词组是at one's peril。单词hazard:danger,一般后面加介词to。词组on hazard也是in danger的意思。
13. To be more efficient, you need to ______ the agenda for every day.
A.set
B.let
C.put
D.get
A B C D
A
[解析] 词组set the agenda for:制定议程,制订日常工作事项。
14. Often a statement of a spearfish need for a particular product is made, development is ______ meet it.
19. We don't expect that there should be such a great ______ for houses in the city.
A.demand
B.request
C.requirement
D.requisite
A B C D
A
[解析] 单词demand:需求;要求,请求。在经济方面,常与单词supply连用,表示供需,所以这里就应该用demand。单词requirement:要求;需求,但是语气弱于demand,而且是指内在的需求,或者是法律、制度等的要求。单词request:要求,请求,一般是指比较正式地或有礼貌地请求对方做事或者给与东西等。单词requisite:(所)需要的东西,该词常用来表示为人们所需要的东西,常常用作可数名词。单词requisite也可以是形容词:……所需要的,如:Past experience is requisite for this job.
20. Apparently, Jim's father was ______ by his words and yelled at him immediately.
SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.
TEXT A
Face Scanner
Throughout the nation and the world, the debate on the privacy implications of face recognition and other surveillance technologies is heating up. In January 2001, the city of Tampa, Florida used the technology to scan the faces of people in crowds at the Super Bowl, comparing them with images in a database of digital mug shots. Privacy International subsequently gave the 2001 Big Brother Award for "Worst Public Official" to the City of Tampa for spying on Super Bowl attendees. Tampa then installed cameras equipped with face recognition technology in their Ybor City nightlife district, where they have encountered opposition from people wearing masks and making obscene gestures at the cameras. In late August 2001, a member of the Jacksonville, Florida City Council proposed legislation to keep the technology out of Jacksonville. The Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services gave a $ 150,000 grant to the city of Virginia Beach to help the city obtain face recognition cameras to look for criminal suspects and missing children. Although officials had initially expressed mixed feelings about the technology, the city council voted on November 13 to install the software at the oceanfront. In the wake of the September 2001 terrorist attacks on the U. S., privacy advocates, citizen groups, political leaders, and the manufacturers of the technology itself are debating whether these technologies should be more widely used, and if so, how they should be regulated to protect the privacy of the public. Some airports are considering installing face recognition cameras as a security measure. However, T.F. Green International Airport in Providence, Rhode Island, one of the first airports to consider it, decided in January 2002 that they would not install it after all, citing the possibility of false matches and other technological shortcomings of facial recognition systems.
2. What did the Super Bowl attendees NOT do in their reaction to the installation of scanners?
A.Covering their faces with something.
B.Opposing the scanning by protesting.
C.Making obscene gestures at the cameras.
D.Wearing masks when attending the game.
A B C D
B
[解析] 这是一道细节题。只要找到相关的段落,仔细查找就行了。当时人们没有提出抗议。他们只是wearing masks and making obscene gestures at the cameras来表示反对而已。
3. Which of the following statements is true according to this passage?
A.Facial recognition systems may possibly make false matches.
B.T.F. Green International Airport has installed the cameras in 2002.
C.Many other airports are now considering installing the cameras.
D.This technological invention is too expensive to install now.
A B C D
A
[解析] 本题是推理题。在文章的最后一段的句子里,作者说明了为什么T. F. Green国际机场决定不安装此设备的原因citing the possibility of false matches and other technological shortcomings of facial recognition systems。
TEXT B
Stress
Stress can be defined as an adaptive response, mediated by individual characteristics and/or psychological processes, that is a consequence of any external action, situation, or event that places special physical and/or psychological demands upon a person. This definition includes three concepts important to the overall study of stress:a. situational demands or stressors cause persons to adapt;b. individuals tend to react and adapt in different ways to the stressors they are presented, andc. some form of physical and/or psychological responses will occur. Therefore, internal characteristics may determine physical and emotional responses exhibited by individuals as a result of stressors. There are two distinct types of stressors, those without and within. Without stressors originate outside individuals and include such things as environmental or work-related demands. Within stressors are those from within individuals. These stressors tend to include individuals' personal values, attitudes, and self-concepts. There are three major types of stressors: environmental, organizational, and individual. Stressors are found to emerge from the environment and individuals. Internal characteristics would be stressors from within individuals. Internal characteristics are identified in numerous documents and cited as major sources of individual stress. Researchers have found that internal characteristics could contribute to individuals' susceptibility m stress and that these factors may even dictate how individuals handle the stress that they encounter; they state that internal characteristics actually contribute to the amount of stress individuals are able to tolerate. A large number of the negative experiences of beginning vocational individuals emerge from internal characteristics. The role-related stress is a function of the individual's personality and job preparation. Perceived professional competence has been found to be a source of stress for many individuals. Individuals have been known to experience stress because of their lack of occupational confidence in a particular work or particular environment. Rapid changes in the world and technologies have caused individuals to feel incompetent and experience stress due to their inability to always remain current and up-to-date in their areas of expertise. Job satisfaction and individual stress are found to be strongly correlated. The amount of stress and degree of job satisfaction experienced by individuals directly influence the quality of individual work life. A list of events revealed recently is closely related to individuals' life satisfaction that could affect their stress and performance at work. These events included marriage, divorce, pregnancy, death of a loved one, and change of residence.
1. According to the author of this passage, the term "stress" can be defined as
A.an individual's response to an external action.
B.a process of one's adaptation to the situation.
C.a demand an external situation places on a person.
D.physical and psychological demands on a person.
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据提问,本文的第一段就说明了定义:Stress can be defined as an adaptive response. Stress首先是一种反应。然后才是过程,才是适应,才是外在内在的要求。所以,尽管选项A不完全,但是,却是所有选项中最接近原义的定义。
2. Which of the following is NOT included as the three concepts involved in the study of stress?
A.Situational demands.
B.Different ways of reaction and adaptation.
C.Forms of one's different responses.
D.Individuals' tendency lo the stressors.
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据提问,找到相关的句子。只有选项D:Individuals' tendency to the stressors.有点表述不清,好像是倾向于压力的意思。而且,原文中没有此义。
3. Which is NOT the stressor found to emerge from within the individual himself?
A.Organizational stresses.
B.Personal values.
C.Personal attitudes.
D.Self-concepts.
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据提问,惟一不是来自内在压力的选项是A。These stressors tend to include individuals' personal values, attitudes, and self-concepts.当然不会包括来自组织机构的。
4. Which of the following is NOT to be a source of stress, according to the author of this passage?
On August 2, 1939, just before the beginning of World War Ⅱ, Albert Einstein wrote to then President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Einstein and several other scientists told Roosevelt of efforts in Nazi Germany to purify uranium-235, which could be used to build an atomic bomb. It was shortly thereafter that the United States Government began the serious undertaking known then only as "The Manhattan Project." Simply put, the Manhattan Project was committed to expediting research that would produce a viable atomic bomb. The most complicated issue to be addressed in making of an atomic bomb was the production of ample amounts of "enriched" uranium to sustain a chain reaction. At the time, uranium-235 was very hard to extract. In fact, the ratio of conversion from uranium ore to uranium metal is 500:1. Compounding this, the one part of uranium that is finally refined from the ore is over 99% uranium-238, which is practically useless for an atomic bomb. To make the task even more difficult, the useful U-235 and nearly useless U-238 are isotopes (同位素), nearly identical in their chemical makeup. No ordinary chemical extraction method could separate them; only mechanical methods could work. A massive enrichment laboratory/plant was constructed at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Harold C. Urey and his colleagues at Columbia University devised an extraction system that worked on the principle of gaseous diffusion, and Ernest O. Lawrence (inventor of the Cyclotron) at the University of California in Berkeley implemented a process involving magnetic separation of the two isotopes. Next, a gas centrifuge was used to further separate the lighter U-235 from the heavier, non fissionable U-238. Once all of these procedures had been completed, all that needed to be done was to put to the test the entire concept behind atomic fission ("splitting the atom," in layman's terms). Over the course of six years, from 1939 to 1945, more than $ 2 billion was spent during the history of the Manhattan Project. The formulas for refining uranium and putting together a working atomic bomb were created and seen to their logical ends by some of the greatest minds of our time. Chief among the people who unleashed the power of the atom was J. Robert Oppenheimer, who oversaw the project from conception to completion. Finally, the day came when all at Los Alamos would find out if "The Gadget" (code-named as such during its development) was going to be the colossal dud of the century or perhaps an end to the war. It all came down to a fateful morning in midsummer, 1945.
1. Which of the following is the least possible reason for the launching of the Manhattan Project?
A.Franklin D. Roosevelt.
B.Nazi Germany.
C.Albert Einstein and other scientists.
D.The Second World War.
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据提问,罗斯福是决策者,其他几个选项或多或少是促成曼哈顿计划的原因。It was shortly thereafter that the United States Government began the serious undertaking.
2. Which of the following did NOT cause so much trouble for the making of an atomic bomb.'?
A.Extraction of uranium.
B.Sustentation of a reaction.
C.Conversion from uranium ore to uranium metal.
D.Separation of U-235 and U-238.
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据提问,查看相关的段落,仔细辨别。选项B是分离铀的目的。而且应该是一系列的反应to sustain a chain reaction。
3. Which of the following does NOT help to separate the useful U-235 and nearly useless U~2387
A.The principle of gaseous diffusion.
B.A process involving magnetic separation of the two isotopes.
C.A process nearly identical in the chemical makeup.
4. Which one of the following that has been working at the making of the atomic bomb from beginning to end?
A.Albert Einstein. B. Harold
C.Urey.
C.Ernest O. Lawrence.
D.J. Robert Oppenheimer.
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据提问,查看有关的段落,是J. Robert Oppenheimer who oversaw the project from conception to completion。
TEXT D
Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Samuel Clemens, whose pen name is Mark Twain, publishes Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in 1885 in America. He has been at work for eight years on the story of an outcast white boy, Huck, and his adult friend Jim, a runaway slave, who together flee Missouri on a raft down the Mississippi River in the 1840s. The book's free-spirited and not always truthful hero as well as its lack of respect for religion or adult authority drew immediate fire from newspaper critics. The ungrammatical vernacular voice in which Huck narrates the book was also attacked as coarse and inappropriate. Some readers found the colorful stories Huck tells immoral, sacrilegious, and inappropriate for children. The Concord, MA, library banned Adventures of Huckleberry Finn a month after its publication, calling it "trash and suitable only for the slums." Other libraries followed suit. In the decades after Twain's death in 1910, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn gains the status of a masterpiece. Novelist Ernest Hemingway remarks that "All modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn," and other writers as diverse as American poet T. S. Eliot and African American novelist Ralph Ellison add their acclaim. It is increasingly studied at both the high school and college level, where its literary merit and the insights it offers into American society are praised. In particular, some consider Twain's satire to be a powerful attack on racism. Others see Adventures of Huckleberry Finn not as an attack on racism, but as inherently racist itself. African Americans and others, led by the NAACP, begin to challenge the book in the 1950s, appalled by the novel's portrayal of the slave Jim and its repeated use of the word "nigger." The book is removed from some schools in the New York City school system, and its place on required reading lists is threatened in other cities. Debates about Adventures of Huckleberry Finn continue to the present day. The crux of the controversy remains race, although some, notably Pulitzer Prize-winning author Jane Smiley for example, assert that the book's reputation as a literary classic is exaggerated. In 1998, Kathy Monteiro, parent of a student in a Tempe, AZ, high school, sued the school district, claiming that an already tense racial environment was exacerbated by the assignment of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn as required reading. Although the judges decline to ban the book, they do state that a school district has a legal duty to take reasonable steps to eliminate a racially hostile environment and can be held liable for damages if they fail to make this effort. While Monteiro and her supporters hail this as a victory, the questions of whether Adventures of Huckleberry Finn contributes to a racially hostile environment and whether it should be assigned in high school remain unresolved.
1. What happened to the book Adventures of Huckleberry Finn when published in 1885?
A.It was banned by many libraries as trash in the U. S.
B.The book was attacked to be coarse and inappropriate.
C.It was praised for its free-spirited and truthful hero.
D.It was praised for the colorful stories it narrates.
A B C D
A
[解析] 本题问的是1885年小说发表后的遭遇,根据第一段小说遭到了冷遇和批评。选项B不是答案,因为原文只是讲小说的叙述语言是The ungrammatical vernacular voice in which Huck narrates the book is also attacked as coarse and inappropriate。而不是小说的本身遭遇。
2. However, his book is heartily acclaimed by all of the following writers EXCEPT
A.Ernest Hemingway.
B.T.S. Eliot.
C.Ralph Ellison.
D.lane Smiley.
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据提问,可在相关的段落找到答案。
3. What call be inferred from the passage, according to the passage itself?
A.The book is still a controversial topic.
B.The book enjoys high popularity among critics.
C.The book is a fierce attack on racism.
D.The book advocates racism by itself.
A B C D
A
[解析] 问题是推理题。根据本文的上下文,马克·吐温的小说在美国仍是有争议的。
4. In 1998, what did Kathy Monteiro, parent of a student in a Tempe, AZ, high school, do?
A.She sued Mark Twain in a school district court, AZ.
B.She claimed the book to be an exaggerating attack on racism.
C.She disclaimed the book for its exacerbating attack on racism.
D.She brought the school to court for the reading assignment.
SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING In this section there are seven passages with a total of ten multiple-choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.
TEXT E
1. There are many CD burners on the market and I think my suggestion would be to stop at a retail store like CompUSA where they have knowledgeable personnel and talk to one of the sales people there about your wants and needs. I think in that respect they would be able to suggest one to fit them. You need not purchase it there. I would shop around for price if that is a concern, but talking to someone who can assist you in exactly what YOU need is of utmost importance. I believe in not buying more than you need, until you become familiar with just what you DO need.What is the writer's purpose of writing this passage?
A.He means to offer his own suggestion.
B.He means to talk only to special personnel.
C.He means to know what YOU really need.
D.He means to buy only things you DO need.
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据短文的意思,来判断作者写文章的主要目的,还有选项的本身意思,来选择答案。
TEXT F
1.
Gulliver's Travels
Jonathan Swift publishes Gulliver's Travels anonymously in 1726. The four-part novel relates ship captain Lemuel Gulliver's voyages to fanciful countries such as Lilliput and Brobdingnag, where he meets both tiny and giant inhabitants. The work's satirical attacks on English politicians and social practices, as well as its coarse descriptions of bodily functions, provoke much comment and controversy among the reading public. Even the first publisher of the book fears that it is too critical of English society and expurgates the text slightly, over Swift's objections. Although Swift intends the book for an adult audience, Gulliver's Travels' imaginative storyline and clear writing help make the book a children's classic, generally in abridged editions.Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels was so critical of English society that the publisher
A.changed some part of the book not with his consent.
B.deleted some part of the book without his consent.
C.took some part out of the book even if he objected.
D.altered some part of the book even with his objection.
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据提问,应该注意相关的部分和相关的词语。单词expurgate:make the book pure by taking out anything which is considered improper删除;修订;使纯洁。所以,不是改变,而是删除。另外,删除是遭到了反对而不是不同意:over Swifi's objections。
TEXT G
1. Finalists for the business awards in the years between 2000 and 1999: 2000 Fetzer Vineyards Award for Environmental Excellence. For a broad-based approach to environmental sustainability, combined with financial excellence. SmithKline Beecham For its $ 1 billion commitment to disease eradication. 1999 Wainwright Bank For dedication to social justice, internally and externally. S.C. Johnson For its focus on sustainable community development. Life USA For setting new standards in industrial eco-efficiency.Which of the following was awarded for a broad-based approach to environmental sustainability?
A.Fetzer Vineyards.
B.S.C.Johnson.
C.SmithKline Beecham.
D.Life USA.
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据提问,应迅速寻找for a broad-based approach to environmental sustainability在哪一年是哪个公司因此获奖的。
TEXT H
1.
Financially Strapped! Fiance Is Broke'n Hearted Over Engagement
Dear Harlan, I've been with my girlfriend off and on for about five years. Last summer, I took the leap and bought her "the ring". Now I'm not sure if I'm in this relationship for the right reasons. I seem to be in this relationship mainly because I have more than $ 5,000 invested in us. I don't know if I'm truly still in love with this girl. Should I stick it out and hope it gets better? What do I do? Cashless in College Dear Cashless in College, If you can't separate the price tag from the fiancee, your engagement is worthless. A ring is a symbol of love and commitment, not debt and burden. She deserves more — not more carats, more honesty. Take a break if you're this confused. Save her the time and trauma of a future divorce. Why you haven't talked to her about this situation is a whole other problem. Sadly, engagements get broken. Even sadder, marriages get broken. And a broken marriage is far more expensive — financially and emotionally. HarlanWhat is the advice that Harlan has given the heart broken fiance?
A.He should not have made the engagement.
B.He should not have bought the diamond ring.
C.He should have talked the matter over with her.
D.He should stop the worthless engagement now.
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据提问,Harlan的建议不会是用虚拟语气来埋怨过去不该做的而做了的事情,而是现在别做的事情或者应该怎么做。选项A和B几乎是同一意义的。选项C是——个可能的选择,但是Harlan说得很明白,与她谈不谈是另一件事:Why you haven't talked to her about this situation is a whole other problem.所以,他的建议是Take a break if you're this confused. Save her the time and trauma of a future divorce.
TEXT I
The Perfect Home Manicure
Home manicures can be great for self-pampering, but can become frustrating when the results are less-than-polished! The following tips will help you begin to perfect your manicures: Tip 1: Start with clean nails. If yours carry traces of lotion or cuticle oil, the polish won't stick evenly and will chip more readily. Use a cotton swab dipped in alcohol or nail polish remover to clean the surface of your nails before you paint. Tip 2: Begin with a base coat. A base coat smoothes out nails' ridges, allowing polish to go on more evenly. What's more, a base coat protects nails from staining when you wear dark polish colors. Tip 3: Watch your brush. As you remove your brash from the bottle, carefully wipe one side along the bottle's neck. This removes excess, bubble-producing nail color. Tip 4: Apply in minimal sweeps. The rule of thumb is to apply color from the cuticles to the tips in three swipes: one in the middle, and one on either side of the nail. Tip 5: Clean up as you go. It's inevitable that you'll wind up with some polish on the skin around your nails. Use a wooden nail stick to quickly swipe away the excess as you go. Tip 6: Finish it off with a top coat. A top coat seals the polish onto your nails and gives a high-shine finish that can also camouflage streaks or small bubbles.
1. According to the passage, what should you do when she begins to polish your fingernails?
A.Start with clean nails.
B.Begin with a base coat.
C.Clean up as you go.
D.Watch your brush.
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据问题,应注意哪个选项符合开始修饰指甲的要求。
2. What should you do if you have got some polish on the skin around your fingernail?
A.Watch your brush.
B.Clean up as you go.
C.Apply in minimal sweeps.
D.Start with clean nails.
A B C D
B
[解析] 按照提问的要求,找出相关的部分,看看涂抹到指甲以外的地方该怎么办?
TEXT J
Are You Too Picky Enough?
When it comes to love, are you too picky... or not picky enough? If you have been in one or more long term relationships and are now single again, you may find yourself at one of these two extremes. However, by adjusting your expectations you may improve your chances of finding true love. Read on to see how you can adjust your pickiness level. You're Too Picky If ... 1. You have no problem getting dates, but everyone you go out with turns you off in some way. 2. You have very specific ideas about who your partner needs to be when it comes to things like income level, profession, interests, etc. 3. You need a person to prove himself or herself to you many times before you even consider accepting him or her. 4. You expect that your partner will never let you down. 5. You will only date a particular "type" person or someone with a particular style. If you identify more with the "too picky" list, it may be because you are trying to protect yourself from being hurt. You may seek perfection in others with the hope that a "perfect" partner would never cause you pain. Because of this, you tend to end up alone.
1. According to the passage, which of the following means that you are too picky?
A.You don't want much from a partner.
B.You date people to whom you are not physically attracted.
C.You have no problem getting dates, but everyone you go out with turns you off.
D.You are willing to date anyone fairly decent, whether or not a good match for you.
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据提问,只要在相关的部分找信息。You have no problem getting dates, but everyone you go out with turns you off in some way.
2. According to the passage, what will result if you are too picky enough?
A.Your partner will never let you down.
B.Your perfect match will never cause you pain.
C.Your partner will be physically attracted to you.
D.You will be most unlikely to end up in marriage.
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据提问,应注意找到太挑剔的结果是什么:Because of this, you tend to end up alone.
TEXT K
Night Flowering Plants
Evening Primrose These soft-scented flowers have four satiny heart-shaped petals that come together forming 2 inch open cups with frilly long stamens. When they open in the evening, the blossoms are a soft clear white that gradually fades into pink.
Moonflowers These 6 inch trumpet flowers unfurl in slow motion every night just at sunset. Pure white with faint green tracings, the blossoms are very fragrant all evening. By noon, the flowers dwindle and close and are barely seen in the dense foliage.
Angel's Trumpet Datura meteloides has six-inch white trumpet flowers that open at night and remain open well into the following day. This flower is a favorite subject of Georgia O'Keefe. Warning: poisonous. Don't eat it to get a high.
Nottingham Catchfly, Night-flowering Catchfly, and White Champion These are all members of the genus Silence, which also has several day-blooming members. These plants have sticky stems, hence the name "catchfly".
1. Which of the following night flowering plants open slowly every night just at sunset?
A.Evening Primrose.
B.Moonflowers.
C.Angel's Trumpet.
D.Nottingham Catchfly, Night-flowering Catchfly, and White Champion.
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据提问,找到第二种夜开花Moonflowers是在日落时开花的。
2. Which of the following night flowering plants is poisonous?
A.Evening Primrose.
B.Moonflowers.
C.Angel's Trumpet.
D.Nottingham Catchfly, Night-flowering Catchfly, and White Champion.