1. Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.
[解析] Culture Shock "Culture shock" occurs as a result of total immersion in a new culture. It happens to "people who have been suddenly transplanted".' Newcomers may be anxious because they. do not speak the language, know the customs, or understand people's behavior in daily life. The visitor finds that "yes" may not mean "yes", that "friendliness" may not mean friendship, or that statements that appear to be serious are really intended jokes. The foreigner may be unsure as to when to shake hands or embrace, when to initiate conversations, or how to approach a stranger. The notion of "culture shock" helps explain feelings of bewilderment and disorientation. Language problems do not account for all the frustrations that people feel. When one is deprived of everything that was once familiar, difficulties in coping with the new society may arise. When an individual enters a strange culture, he or she is like a fish out of water. That's the effect of culture shock.
PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSION In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your ANSWER SHEET.
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
[解析] 1-4 M: Hi, Susan, why are you off in such a hurry? W: I've been invited to a cocktail party at 5:30. I need to buy some gift for my friend. Do you know somewhere I can get some fresh flowers? M: Just over there, near the post office. But you told me if invited to a party, you'd better plan to arrive between a half-hour and an hour late. Why are you in such a hurry? W: But not a cocktail party. It's generally set for specific hours, say from 5:30 to 7:30. M: What's a cocktail party like? W: Alcoholic beverages and hors d'oeuvres. M: Only that? W: Yes. People usually don't get dinner at a cocktail party. M: Why do you have such a party? W: It's called by some of my colleagues to celebrate the New Year. M: To celebrate the New Year! Why not have a dinner party? W: Dinner party is so formal for us. We just take it for relaxation. And then some of us may go to a pub. M: For what? You don't celebrate the New Year with your family? W: We just drink and chat. Anyway, New Year is a special day and I only celebrated New Year with my family when I was a little girl. M: It's really fantastic. But you'd better get moving, or you'll be late. W: So long.
2. How long does the party last?
A.Only an hour.
B.Two hours.
C.No fixed time limit.
D.The whole night.
A B C D
B
3. The party is held to ______.
A.celebrate the New Year
B.congratulate Susan's colleagues
C.see one of his colleagues off
D.show their individuality and characteristics
A B C D
A
4. What will they possibly do after the party?
A.Some of them will go the pub.
B.They will drink some coffee somewhere.
C.Stay with their families.
D.Go to the cinema together.
A B C D
A
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
5. Which word may best describe the two speakers' positions on intermarriage?
A.Comparison.
B.Causality.
C.Bias.
D.Contrast.
A B C D
D
[解析] 5-7 M: I think intermarriage is a good idea. We get so many different races living together peacefully. W: Personally, I feel that it's not a very sound idea. It's difficult for two persons of entirely different religions to share a life together. They will face lots of problems. M: Of course there'll be problems. Even two persons of the same religion have problems, except that it will be slightly less difficult. W: I agree with you, Henry. Naturally, there'll be arguments and personal differences. A couple will have to learn to adapt to each other's customs and traditions. M: That's right. Married people should be more tolerant towards each other and their traditions. Only then can understanding and acceptance be achieved finally. W: You talk as if it were very simple. It isn't, you know, as I'm a child of a mixed marriage. M: Why is it not such a good idea? W: It's only after marriage that the vast differences in the cultures begin to show. Little things, from food and clothes to bigger aspects like religious beliefs, tend to clash. This will be either personal pride or the reluctance to accept the other's views. It may lead to a big gap between the parents, and children may suffer in between. M: You have a point there, but I can also tell you of several such couples who are living happily together. W: I suppose that you're right. Intermarriage can lead to happiness or sorrow, depending on how it's handled.
6. The cultural differences arise ______.
A.at the wedding
B.before intermarriage
C.after people get married
D.until recently
A B C D
C
7. What negative effects may the intermarriage most probably cause?
A.A quick divorce.
B.Much suffering in children's minds.
C.A big gap between parents and children.
D.Cultural shock.
A B C D
B
Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
8. What are the possible relationship between the man and the woman?
A.Manager and secretary.
B.Employer and employee.
C.Interviewee and interviewer.
D.Classmates.
A B C D
C
[解析] 8-10 W: Hello, Mr. Lee. Your hotel has been very successful since the first day it opened, and it has become very popular in the community. Can you introduce some of the new programs and activities the hotel will provide for the coming new year? M: With pleasure. First I'm glad to let you know our new "Weekend Package" offers guests a superior room for single or double at only 100 dollars, inclusive of service rate during the weekend, and those guests will enjoy complimentary buffet breakfast for two persons. W: That's great. It's really a good place to have a romantic time during the weekend. M: Yes. Our "Weekend Package" also includes a 20% discount on laundry and valet service and a 15% discount on food and beverage. W: Are there any activities? M: Yes. As Christmas and the New Year is around the corner, we have arranged a Christmas party and an outdoor barbecue. W: I hope everyone here will not miss the opportunity of experiencing the fantastic taste of the banquet. It's the best occasion for the guests and their family to get together to enjoy this wonderful moment. M: We give 20% discount on Christmas Eve and New Year's Eve. And then we'll hold a dancing party after the dinner from 10:00 p.m. to midnight. W: That's really exciting. I will not miss the chance. M: You're most welcome! We're warmly waiting for you.
9. Which of the following is NOT included in the "Weekend Package"?
A.Superior room for single or double, inclusive of service rate.
B.Guests can enjoy free buffet breakfast.
C.A 20% discount on laundry and valet service at that time.
D.A 15% discount on food and beverage.
A B C D
B
10. What kind of activity is NOT among the hotel's program?
A.A Christmas party and an outdoor barbecue are to be arranged.
B.20% discount on Christmas Eve will be offered.
C.A dancing party after the dinner from 10:00 p. m. to midnight will be held.
D.A free banquet for all the guests on the New Year's Eve.
A B C D
D
SECTION B PASSAGES In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
1. According to the research by NASA, an afternoon nap ______.
A.can greatly improve the efficiency of work
B.can fall into a deep sleep and will wake up groggy
C.makes people suffer a decline in their alertness
D.is an admission of weakness
A B C D
A
[解析] 11-14 Taking an afternoon nap at the desk dramatically improves workers' performance, according to the research by NASA. Bosses should welcome the sight of staff slumped over their keyboards because when they wake up their performance will increase by 35 per cent and their ability to judge the right business decisions by 50 per cent, the space research agency claims. However, they should sleep for only 45 minutes. Any longer, they risk fallings into so deep sleep and will wake up groggy. The research was aimed originally at predicting the performance of astronauts on long missions. However, the scientists behind the study said that the same results had been achieved by office workers performing less glamorous tasks. Mark Rosekind, chief scientist of California-based Alertness Solutions, said that many managers believed it was an admission of weakness to give in to tiredness. "It is a false myth that if you sleep more hours awake you are more productive," he said. Most people suffer a decline in their alertness between 3p..m. and 5 p. m., when they could most benefit from taking a nap. Mr. Rosekind said that napping was especially important in safety-critical jobs, such as piloting passenger jets on long-haul flights. "Controlled rest on the flight deck improves alertness in the final critical phase," he said, and maximum alertness was normally achieved between 9-11 a.m. and 9-11 p.m.
2. How long will be the optimal span of the nap?
A.About three quarters.
B.No more than an hour.
C.Less than half an hour.
D.Fifteen minutes.
A B C D
A
3. Maximum alertness was normally achieved ______.
A.form 8-11 a.m. and 9-12 p.m.
B.between 3 p.m. and 5 p. m.
C.form 9-11 a.m. and 9-11 p.m.
D.between 8-20 a.m. and 7-9 p. m.
A B C D
C
4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A.The longer the sleep is, the more productive the staff is.
B.Napping cannot be applied to safety-critical jobs.
C.The research was first designed for the astronauts.
D.If you sleep more hours awake you are more productive.
A B C D
C
Questions 15 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be giv. en 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
5. What is the possibi9 reason for the candidates fail to get jobs at the BBC?
A.Because they are not qualified engineers.
B.Because they have had little exposure to high level of sounds.
C.Because their stereo systems are poor.
D.Because they suffer from hearing loss.
A B C D
D
[解析] 15-17 The British Broadcasting Corporation is rejecting more and more candidates applying for jobs, because they suffer from hearing loss. And this is due to a wide use of personal stereo systems. According to officials at the corporation, about three per cent of them fail to win jobs for this reason. The figure indicates that people suffering from hearing defects are more common than a decade ago. Candidates applying for jobs at the British Broadcasting Corporation have always had hearing tests, but the techniques for such tests were not standardized until five years ago. The 'corporation says officially that there is no proof to link personal stereos with hearing disabilities, but frequent exposure to high level of sounds can diminish a person's understanding of 'speech. That will rule out his chances of being an engineer taking care of sound quality in recording. So experts are now calling for manufacturers of personal stereos to provide a warning light. It flashes when the sound is too loud. One British manufacturer accepted this suggestion. And this manufacturer has made a device that switches itself off when the level of sound is too high. This device is of great significance and the situation changes a lot ever since.
6. When did the technique of hearing test become standardized?
A.Two years ago.
B.Three years ago.
C.Five years ago.
D.A decade ago.
A B C D
C
7. What suggestions did the experts offer to stereo manufacturers?
A.Providing a warning light when the sound is too loud.
B.Improving the quality of personal stereo systems.
C.Standard hearing test should be set up.
D.Restricting the use of personal systems.
A B C D
A
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
8. Which factor can be the most potential danger for the airplane?
A.The bad weather.
B.Mistakes made by the air traffic controllers.
C.The loss of control of the airplane.
D.The breach of duty of the pilot.
A B C D
B
[解析] 18-20 Today, air travel is far safer than driving a car on a busy motorway. But there's a danger that grows every year. From the moment an airplane takes off to the moment it lands, every moment is watched on radar screens. Air traffic controllers tell the pilot exactly when to turn, when to climb and when to cme down. The air traffic controllers around a busy airport may handle 1,000 planes a day. Any plane that flies near the airport comes under the orders of the controllers there. Even a small mistake on their part could cause a disaster. Recently such a disaster almost happened. Two large jets were flying towards the airport. One was carrying 69 passengers and came from Sydney. The other was carrying 156 passengers from New York. An air traffic controller noticed on his radar screen that the two planes were too close to each other. He ordered one to turn to the right and to climb. But he made a mistake. He ordered the wrong plane to do this. So, instead of turning away from the second plane, the first plane turned towards it. Fifteen seconds later it flew directly in front of the second plane. They avoided each other by the smallest part of a second. The distance between them was less than that of a large swimming pool.
9. What happened to the two large jets?
A.The pilot of the first plane make a big mistake.
B.They avoided each other by turning in different directions.
C.They narrowly escaped crashing into each other.
D.One plane was suddenly out of control.
A B C D
C
10. The example mentioned in the passage is to show ______.
A.the potential danger in the air travel
B.the importance of the pilots
C.air travel is much safer than other means of traveling
D.the role played by the air controller
A B C D
A
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
1. When did the India's British rulers open talks on India's independence?
A.Fifty years ago.
B.Fifty-five years ago.
C.Seventy five years ago.
D.Seventy seven years ago.
A B C D
C
[解析] 21-22 The great grandson of the Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi has settled on a 24-day march commemorating the seventy-fifth anniversary of the event which ultimately forced the India's British rulers to open talks on independence. Tushar Gandhi, with several hundred volunteers, will recreate the journey known as the Salt March to promote peace and religious harmony. Mahatma Gandhi had undertaken the original march in 1930. It made the British take note of his civil disobedience movement.
2. The journey of Salt March is intended to ______.
A.promote peace and religious harmony
B.commemorate the independence of India
C.memorize the former great leader Mahatma Gandhi
D.recall the civil disobedience movement
A B C D
A
Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
B.giving away sensitive information to a drug cartel
C.ruining Mr. Fox's travel plans
D.planning an attack on the president
A B C D
B
[解析] 23-24 A former aide to the Mexico President Vicente Fox has been released from prison after a judge threw out charges that he had leaked sensitive information to a drug cartel. Nahum Acosta, .who was responsible for organizing Mr. Fox's travel plans, was arrested in February, sparking fears that the cartels could be planning an attack on the President, but the judge has now decided that there is insufficient evidence to support charges that Mr. Acosta bad passed on details about President Fox's itinerary. Drug cartels have been locked in increasingly bitter battle with the Mexican government since President Fox launched a campaign against organized crime.
4. What is the current situation?
A.Drug cartels gave up the attack.
B.No evidence is provided to support the charge.
C.Nahum Acosta is released now.
D.The President canceled the travel plan.
A B C D
C
Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end-of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
C.memorized the Soviet Union's victory in the WWII
D.accuse the crime of the enemies
A B C D
C
[解析] 25-26 The center of Moscow today was transformed into a sea of color. Bearing standards of the Red Army, thousands of Russian servicemen marched across Red Square in commemoration of the Soviet Union's victory in the Second World War. Parading too were two and a half thousand frontline veterans of the war. As they were driven in trucks across Red Square, they waved red carnations and were saluted by more than fifty world leaders who had gathered here to mark the anniversary. In a speech, Putin said tens of millions of Soviet citizens had been killed in the war. But he paid tribute to allied troops in Western Europe who had been killed battling Nazi Germany.
6. Which of the following is NOT true?
A.Two and a half thousand frontline veterans attend the anniversary.
B.The veterans came into the square in trucks.
C.Tens of millions of Soviet soldiers were killed in WWII.
D.Putin highly praised the allied troops.
A B C D
C
Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
7. The relationship between Europe and India is based on ______.
A.equality and mutual benefit
B.Europe's giving a helping hand
C.additional conditions
D.friendship
A B C D
A
[解析] 27-28 Tony Blair described the summit as a significant turning point in the relations between the European Union and India. Speaking after talks with the Indian Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh, Mr. Blair said that Europe must have a relationship of equals with India for mutual benefit. The two prime ministers also agreed to increase cooperation to tackle global warming and terrorism. Mr. Blair said there would be better coordination between police forces in Europe and India to stop terrorist groups crossing borders and to prevent money laundering.
8. The two parts decided to cooperate in all fields EXCEPT ______.
A.fighting against global warming
B.fighting against terrorism
C.preventing money laundering
D.political force reduction
A B C D
D
Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given I0 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
C.It travels at a speed of 37 thousand kilometers an hour.
D.It travels at a speed of 17 thousand kilometers an hour.
A B C D
C
[解析] 29-30 Jubilation at NASA's Jet Propulsion Labs in California, as the first picture of the collision comes in from the Deep Impact mother ship. Just before six o'clock GMT, the impactor, weighing a third of a ton, smashed into Comet Tempel 1 at a speed of thirty seven thousand kilometers an hour. Telescopes across the world, and in Earth orbit, will be watching the giant spray of debris thrown out by the impact. The brightened comet in the constellation Virgo may even be visible to the naked eye, allowing members of the public around the world to join in this historic moment in astronomy.
10. We can see the comet ______.
A.only with the telescopes
B.even with naked eye
C.only in a limited area
D.only by a special telescope
A B C D
B
PART Ⅲ CLOZE Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your ANSWER SHEET. Humans are unique in the extent to which they can reflect on themselves and others. Humans are able to 1 , to think in abstract terms, to reflect on the future. A meaningless, 2 world is an insecure world. We do not like extensive insecurity. When it 3 to human behavior we infer meaning and 4 to make the behavior understandable. 5 all this means is that people develop "quasi theories" of human behavior, that is, theories that are not developed in a/an 6 , scientific manner. When doing so, people believe they know 7 humans do the things they do. Let's consider an example. In the United States people have been 8 with the increasing amount of crime for several years. The extent of crime bothers us; we ourselves could be victims. But it 9 bothers us that people behave in such ways. Why can such things happen? We develop quasi theories. We 10 concerned about the high crime rate, but we now believe we 11 it: our criminal justice system is 12 ; people have grown selfish and inconsiderate as our moral values weaken 13 the influence of liberal ideas; too many people are 14 drugs. These explanations suggest possible solutions. 15 the courts; out more people in jails as examples to other lawbreaker. There is now hope that the problem of crime can be solved if only we 16 these solutions. Again, the world is no longer meaningless nor 17 so threatening. These quasi theories 18 serve a very important function for us. But how accurate are they? How 19 will the suggested solutions be? These questions must be answered with 20 to how people normally go about developing or attaining their quasi theories of human behavior.
介词衔接题。句意为:由于受到自由思想的影响,人们的道德价值观削弱,变得越来越自私和漠然。from在这里表示“因为,由于”,合乎题意。而选项[A]because后面需要接从句,而文中是短语,不合语法;选项[B]as作介词时表示“作为”,不合乎题意,作为连词时也要跟从句;选项 [C]within搭配不当,如果要说在什么影响之下,常用的搭配为under the influence of。
PART Ⅳ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
1. Just as robbery is a kind of crime,______ gambling.
A.as it is
B.so is
C.the same as
D.and so is
A B C D
B
固定搭配题。just as…,so…为固定结构,意为“正如…,…也…”。
2. With all the data he needed ______, Peter began to write his thesis. A. collecting B. being collectedC. to be collected D. collected
18. He did not change his position so much as ______ its severity.
A.alter
B.vary
C.modify
D.convert
A B C D
C
动词辨析题。选项[A]alter是指改变、调整某物而使其变得更好、更合适,例如:You can alter the color and size of the image using a remote control.(你可以用遥控器调节图像的大小和颜色。);选项[B]vary强调转换、变易后的“变化”或“不同”,例如:Teachers can keep students' interest by varying their classes.(老师们通过变换课程使学生保持兴趣。);选项[C]modify指有局限性的“改变”,目的是为了改善或变得令人接受;选项[D]convert指彻底的改变,从而获得不同的形式,可用于不同的目的,该词特指改变信仰。
19. This book has been in the works so long that I have lost ______ of most of the sources found for me by the staff of the library.
27. Some people either ______ avoid questions of right and wrong or just remain neutral about them. A. violently B. enthusiasticallyC. sincerely D. deliberately
PART Ⅴ READING COMPREHENSION In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
TEXT A Experienced observers on American campuses have begun to notice a new group of mothers and fathers emerging over the past two years. Informally they are being called "helicopter parents" because of the way they hover over their offspring well beyond the standard moment to say goodbye. Clearly, with parents like these hovering close at hand, colleges and universities should consider themselves warned that life both on and off campus is not what is used to be. Why are these issues even being raised this fall? It is because parents have officially stepped forward as higher education's newest constituency. Effective parent-orientation programs--increasingly complex and comprehensive--are the first and most public steps in acknowledging the importance of their interests. In fact, mothers and fathers are arriving on campus with more serious questions than ever before about the cost of higher education, and what their child's school of choice is doing to earn their dollars. Among high-profile institutions nationally, few have taken as dramatic steps as has Northeast University in Boston. Over the past five years, to enhance its image, Northeastern University has gone against the grain and boldly recast itself, focusing on national prominence over bulk. In the mid-1980s, it registered over 30, 000 full and part-time undergraduates; last year, the university enrolled a more selectively chosen 18, 000 undergraduates. Along the way, however, many parents have had many questions about life on and off this prominent urban campus. Actually aware of this, and of its growing responsibilities to its neighbors and the external community, Northeastern has strategically enhanced its parent-orientated programs as a way to build friends and refine its new image. According to Caro Mercado, director of the Office of Parent Programs and Services, Northeastern jointly focused its orientations for parents and students on the importance of being "good citizens and good neighbors" simultaneously. With orientation sessions that feature videotapes of campus neighbors talking about the school, with a much more deliberate system of alerting parents to the major events coming to the city over the course of the year, and with an official Parents Association that publishes its own newsletter and handbook, Northeastern tangibly makes the kinds of extra effort that parents have come to believe that it should be included in the cost of their family's higher education. And yet as competing colleges and universities in every sector of the country now furiously launch new parents' pages on their websites and publish their first parent newsletters, a new tension had emerged on those same campuses: Whose first-year experience is it, anyway.'? The most enlightened universities recognize the need to establish a relationship with each student that respects privacy, encourages independence, and facilities the transition to adulthood. Although it may not be immediately apparent, the expectation that these skills will be delivered is precisely what parents have purchased in their child's choice of an undergraduate degree program. Blindly continuing the same patterns of involvement that worked when their child was in high school is not the answer.
1. What is the purpose of helicopter parents' going to colleges and universities?
A.They want to know the tuition fee of their children.
B.They want to know the school's programs and activities.
C.They want to receive parent-orientation programs.
D.They want to check, their children's study in campus.
TEXT B Roger Rosenblatt's book Black Fiction, in attempting to apply literary rather than sociopolitical criteria to its subject, successfully alters the approach taken by most previous studies. As Rosenblatt notes, criticism of Black writing has often served as a pretext for illustrating Black history. Addison Gayle's recent work, for instance, judges the value of Black fiction by overtly political standards, rating each work according to the notions of Black identity that it propounds. Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances, its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological, and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology avoids cleverly much of the fictional enterprise. Rosenblatt's literary analysis discloses ties and connections among works of Black fiction which solely political studies have overlooked or ignored. Writing acceptable criticism of Black fiction, however, assumes beforehand giving satisfactory answers to a number of questions. First of all, is there a sufficient reason, other than the racial identity of the authors? Second, how does Black fiction make itself distinct from other modern fiction with which it is largely contemporaneous? Rosenblatt shows that Black fiction constitutes a distinct body of writing that has an identifiable, coherent literary tradition. Looking at novels written by blacks over the last eighty years, he discovers recurring concerns and designs independent of the order of time. These structures are thematic, and they spring, not surprisingly, from the central fact that the Black characters in these novels exist in predominantly white culture, whether they try to conform to that culture or rebel against it. Black Fiction does leave some aesthetic questions open. Rosenblatt's thematic analyses permits considerable objectivity; he even explicitly states that it is not his intention to judge the merit of the various works yet his reluctance seems to be put in the wrong palce, especially since an attempt to evaluate might have led to interesting results. For instance, some of the novels appear to be structurally diffuse. Is this a defect, or are the authors working out of, or trying to forge, a different kind of aesthetic? In addition, the style of some black novels, like Jean Toomer's Cane, verges on expressionism; does this technique provide a counterpoint to the prevalent theme that portrays the late against which black heroes are pitted, a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression? In spite of such omissions, what Rosenblatt does include in his discussion makes for an clever and worthwhile study. Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels, bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnson's Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man. Its argument is tightly constructed, and its straightforward, clear style shows clear-minded and penetrating criticism.
1. The author of the passage objects to criticism of Black Fiction like that by Addison Gayle because it ______.
A.emphasizes purely literary aspect of such fiction
B.misinterprets the ideological content of such fiction
C.misunderstands the notions of Black identity contained in such fiction
D.substitutes political for literary criteria in evaluating such fiction
TEXT C Competitors complain that Microsoft's recent settlement of their antitrust case with the federal government will do little to protect them or consumers from the software giant's monopoly power. But they hold out hope that state attorney generals could make the deal more restrictive. "My guess is that all Bill Gates could do was to suppress a big grin when he held his press conference this morning," said Mitchell Kertz-man, chief executive of Liberate Technologies, a rival provider of software for interactive TV. "This settlement does not come close to matching the scope of the violation of antitrust law that Microsoft has been convicted of," he added. "It was an inexplicably bad deal for the government." Microsoft and the Justice Department presented the settlement to a federal judge Friday, saying that it would end the antitrust case in a way that would help the declining economy. US District Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly agreed to review it and gave the 18 states involved in the case until Tuesday to decide whether to accept the plan. Several competitors called on the state attorney generals to insist on making changes to the settlement. Sun Microsystems' general counsel, Michael Morris, said the Justice Department was "walking away from a case they had already won." Paul T. Cappuccio, the general counsel for AOL Time Warner, said the settlement "does too little to promote competition and protect consumers, and can too easily be evaded by a determined monopolist like Microsoft." The state attorney generals had been pressing for stiffer penalties, but on Friday several said progress had been made. Among the key elements of the settlement, Microsoft would have to: --Help rivals make products compatible with the Windows operating system, which runs 91 percent of the world's computers. --Stop using exclusive deals with computer sellers to put competitors at a disadvantage. --Let three in-house independent experts monitor its compliance. "We are quite disappointed. We believe there are a lot of issues that have not been addressed," said Michald Mace, chief officer of handheld computer maker Palm, which makes an operating system that competes with one from Microsoft. Several tech executives said the settlement was too focused on restricting Microsoft's Widows monopoly, and not its broader business practices and non-PC initiatives. "This is a reward, not a remedy. It fails to terminate the illegal monopoly and fails to free the market from anti-competitive conduct," said Kelly Jo Macarthur, general counsel for Real Networks, which makes music and video software, threatened by Windows Media Player. "This agreement allows a declared illegal monopolist to determine, at its sole discretion, what goes into the monopoly operating system in the future," she added.
1. We can infer from the text that the main issue behind Microsoft's antitrust case is the need ______.
A.to restrict the expansion of software companies
B.to limit the reach of Microsoft's Windows operating system
C.to prevent Microsoft from monopolizing the computer software industry
D.to assist its competitors in making products compatible with Windows
TEXT D With the films prevalent across the whole world, however, most critical plot points in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone came from J. K. Rowling's imagination. But Flamel and his powerful pebble were legendary long before Harry went to Hogwarts. The 14th-century alchemist created the philosopher's stone (which was called "sorcerer's stone" in US edition of Potter), with which he turned mercury to gold and gained eternal life altogether. But Flamel's tale--like his stone and his science--was in fact no more than a magic. The philosopher's stone was the key to alchemy, the medieval predecessor to chemistry that aimed to cure all illnesses, make the elixir of life, and transmute base metals into gold. It may sound ridiculous. However, the last made perfect sense at the time. The Aristotelian theory of elements stated that all things consisted of fire, air, water, and earth. So a little shift in one metal's composition could create gold. Flamel was renowned as an alchemical success. In the year of 1382, after a period of 25 years of studying an ancient book written by "Abraham the Jew", he is said to have produced the philosopher's stone. His texts, notably a deconstruction of the "Abraham" work, were standard reading for aspiring scientists like Isaac Newton. Many alchemists believed that Flamel faked his death in the year of 1418 and that of his wife. Rumored sightings in the 18th century placed them even at the Paris Opera. As late as in the year of 1816 there were still reports of people searching Flamel's former house for secrets of the mysterious stone. Contemporary historians say a Nicolas Flamel did live in Paris in the 1300s and endowed many churches and hospitals with his wealth. But he was no alchemist at all. "He got his money in pedestrian ways-his wife's earlier marriages, real estate speculation," says Lawrence Principe, author of The Aspiring Adept. The obvious error of time, the special style of the language, the diction of words, and the lack of earlier copies indicate that none of "his" writings originated prior to the 1500s. "This sort of thing do happen in alchemy," says Bill Newman, author of alchemical history work Gehennical Fire. It was not rare that when an alchemist could not back up his ideas, he might publish them in the guise of a "lost" work. Flamel's wealth made a good candidate for alchemical identity theft. Flamel's writings and sightings faded with alchemy's prestage. And the closest anyone's come to the philosopher's stone is Rowling. In her hands, it has yielded not just gold but eternal (shelf) life as well.
1. What can we learn from the text about the alchemy in the medieval time?
SECTION A COMPOSITION Career planning is an important step for graduates, and is of great importance. Some of the tips and potential flaws must be included in your composition. Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
1. Career Planning You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifically what your idea is. In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your idea OR describe your idea. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
范文 Career Planning Career planning is an essential chain of our career. It doesn't necessarily follow routine or logical steps. But all career decisions require us to learn both about ourselves and work, and to integrate these two kinds of knowledge. Study ourselves is the key to career planning. Understanding what we value, and what we want is the foundation of all career planning. We examine our strengths and weaknesses, goals, and the trend in our personal development, which enables us to imagine how certain occupations may best fit our personality, abilities, and goals. This is the most important point. For only a sound judge of ourselves can we know where we are going, can we fulfill our ambition and devote ourselves to the work and make a full play of our potentials. What needs to be pointed out is there're serious flaws when people make career plans. Do not search frantically for career possibilities and seize on hastily contrived solutions, overlooking the consequences as well as other alternatives. On the other side, we shall have a clear picture of the talent market. We cannot covet positions beyond our reach. Not to fix our eyes only on big cities and descent jobs, bearing in minds that social need is superior to our private happiness. Career planning does not guarantee that all the problems, difficulties that face us in the future will be solved, nor can any formula be given to do that. But career planning should help us to approach and cope with new problems wisely.
1. Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a note of about 50 -60 words based on the following situation: Your friend Steven has been enrolled by Yale University. Write a note to congratulate him, expressing your happiness and admiration for him. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.
范文 April, 2 Dear Steven, It's extremely pleased to hear that you are enrolled by Yale University. Congratulations. You are so brilliant, diligent and persistent. And long time's hard work paid back. We are so proud of you. You have set us a good example and all of us are greatly stirred and determined to follow your suit. Good wishes to you. Yours sincerely, Gary