Part Ⅰ Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.
1. 有人说名字(或名称)很重要 2. 也有人觉得名字(或名称)无关紧要 3. 我认为......
[范文] The Importance of a Name ①It is widely accepted that name plays a significant part for both individuals and organizations, and what's more, a lot of attention is being drawn to the change of names. ②Many people change their names owing to the instruction of fortune tellers, and many colleges switch their names to universities. ③ However, whether a name deserves such an attention, people's ideas vary. ④ On the one hand, some people hold the 'view that name may contribute to their fame or fortune; some others even .maintain that the mental health and physical fitness of a person will be influenced or even determined by name.⑤On the other hand, a great many people insist that name is just a symbol, which is of little significance. They even go so far as listing some famous figures with common names. ⑥From my perspective, however, for the sake of success, more significance should be attached to intelligence, persistence and diligence rather than one's name. ⑦Therefore, it is time that we put an end to this undesirable debate and put our heart into learning and working so that we may not one day discover that we have nothing other than a pointless name.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Helicopter Moms vs. Free-Range Kids Would you let your fourth-grader ride public transportation without an adult? Probably not. Still, when Lenore Skenazy, a columnist for the New York Sun ,wrote about letting her son take the subway alone to get back to her Manhattan home from a department store on the Upper East Side, she didn't expect to get hit with a wave of criticism from readers. "Long story short: My son got home, overjoyed with independence," Skenazy wrote on April 4 in the New York Sun. "Long story longer: Half the people I've told this episode to now want to turn me in for child abuse. As if keeping kids under lock and key and cell phone and careful watch is the right way to rear kids. It's not. It's debilitating(使虚弱)--for us and for them." Online message boards were soon full of people both applauding and condemning Skenazy's decision to let her son go it. alone. She wound up defending herself on CNN (accompanied by her son) and on popular blogs like the Huffington Post, where her follow-up piece was ironically headlined "More From America's Worst Mom." The episode has ignited another one of those debates that divides parents into vocal opposing camps. Are modern parents needlessly overprotective, or is the world a more complicated and dangerous place than it was when previous generations were allowed to wander about unsupervised? From the "she's an irresponsible mother" camp came : "Shame on you for being so careless about his safety," in comments on the Huffington Post. And there was this from a mother of four: "How would you have felt it' he didn't come home?" But Skenazy got a lot of support, too, with women and men writing in with stories about how they were allowed to take trips all by themselves at seven or eight. She also got heaps of praise for bucking the "helicopter parent" trend: "Good for this Mom," one commenter wrote on the Huffington Post. "This is a much-needed reality check." Last week, encouraged by all the attention, Skenazy started her own blog--Free Range Kids--promoting the idea that modern children need some of the same independence that her generation had. In the good old days nine-year-old baby boomers rode their bikes to school, walked to the store, took buses--and even subways--all by themselves. Her blog, she says, is dedicated to sensible parenting. "At Free Range Kids, we believe in safe kids. We believe in car seats and safety belts. We do NOT believe that every time school-age children go outside, they need a security guard." So why are some parents so nervous about letting their children out of sight? Are cities and towns less safe and kids more vulnerable to crimes like child kidnap and sexual abuse than they were in previous generations? Not exactly. New York City, for instance, is safer than it's ever been. it's ranked 136th in crime among all American cities. Nationwide, stranger kidnaps are extremely rare. there's a one-in-a-million chance a child will be taken by a stranger, according to the Justice Department. And 90 percent of sexual abuse cases are committed by someone the child knows. Mortality rates from all causes, including disease and accidents, for American children are lower now than they were 25 years ago. According to Child Trends, a nonprofit research group, between 1980 and 2003 death rates dropped by 44 percent for children aged 5 to 14 and 32 percent for teens aged 15 to 19. Then there's the whole question of whether modern parents are more watchful and nervous about safety than previous generations. Yes, some are. Part of the problem is that with wall-to-wall Internet and cable news, every missing child case gets so much airtime that it's not surprising even normal parental anxiety can be amplified. And many middle-class parents have gotten used to managing their children's time and shuttling them to various enriching activities, so the idea of letting them out on their own can seem like a risk. Back in 1972, when many of today's parents were kids, 87 percent of children who lived within a mile of school walked or biked every day. But today, the Centers for Disease Control report that only 13 percent of children hike, walk or otherwise get themselves to school. The extra supervision is both a city and a suburban phenomenon. Parents are worried about crime, and they're worried about kids getting caught in traffic in a city that's not used to pedestrians. On the other hand, there are still plenty of kids whose parents give them a lot of independence, by choice or by necessity. The After School Alliance finds that more than 14 million kids aged 5 to 17 are responsible for taking care of themselves after school. Only 6.5 million kids participate in organized programs. "Many children who have working parents have to take the subway or bus to get to school. Many do this by themselves because they have no other way to get to their schools, "says Dr. Richard Gallagher, director of the Parenting Institute at the New York University Child Study Center. For those parents who wonder how and when they should start allowing their kids more freedom, there's no clear-cut answer. Child experts discourage a one-size-fits-all approach to parenting. What's right for Skenazy's nine-year-old could be inappropriate for another one. It all depends on developmental issues, maturity, and the psychological and emotional makeup of that child. Several factors must be taken into account, says Gallagher. "The ability to follow parent guidelines, the child's level of comfort in handling such situations, and a child's general judgment should be weighed." Gallagher agrees with Skenazy that many nine-year-olds are ready for independence like taking public transportation alone. "At certain times of the day, on certain routes, the subways are generally safe for these children, especially if they have grown up in the city and have been taught how to be safe, how to obtain help if they are concerned for their safety, and how to avoid unsafe situations by being watchful and on their toes." But even with more traffic and fewer sidewalks, modern parents do have one advantage their parents didn't: the cell phone. Being able to check in with a child anytime goes a long way toward relieving parental anxiety and may help parents loosen their control a little sooner. Skenazy got a lot of criticism because she didn't give her kid her cell phone because she thought he'd lose it and wanted him to learn to go it alone without depending on mom--a major principle of free-range parenting. But most parents are more than happy to use cell phones to keep track of their kids. And for those who like the idea of free-range kids but still struggle with their inner helicopter parent, there may be a middle way. A new generation of GPS cell phones with tracking software make it easier than ever to follow a child's every movement via the Internet--without seeming to interfere or hover. Of course, when they go to college, they might start objecting to being monitored as if they're on parole(假释).
1. When Lenore Skenazy's son was allowed to take the subway alone, he ______.
A.was afraid that he might get lost
B.enjoyed having the independence
C.was only too pleased to take the risk
D.thought he was an exceptional child
A B C D
B
[解析] 由题干中的Lenore Skenazy's son定位到文章的第一段最后一句和第二段首句:Still,when Lenore Skenazy,a columnist for the New York Sun,wrote about letting her son take the subway alone to get back to her Manhattan home...,she didn't expect to get hit with a wave of criticism from readers."Long story short: My son got home,overjoyed with independence". [精解] 本题考查Skenazy的儿子的感受。第一段提到Skenazy以及她的儿子,但未提及她的感受,而且本题是第一题,应该从文章的开头部分中找答案。通过阅读第二段的第一句话可以看出,B)是对原文的同义转述,且表述与原文基本相同。因此,答案为B)。
2. Lenore Skenazy believes that keeping kids under careful watch ______.
A.hinders their healthy growth
B.adds too much to parents' expenses
C.shows traditional parental caution
D.bucks the latest parenting trend
A B C D
A
[解析] 由题干中的keeping kids under careful watch定位到文章第二段后半段:As if keeping kids under lock and key and cell phone and careful watch is the right way to rear kids.It's not.It's debilitating--for us and for them. [精解] 由题干中的careful watch很容易找到原文的表述,可以判断原文中的keeping kids under lock and key与careful watch意思相同。文章意在表明,这种养育孩子的方法会对孩子和父母都带来危害。本题选项与原文没有明显的词汇重复,但A)表达出了相同的意思。所以答案为A)。
3. Skenazy's decision to let her son take the subway alone has met with ______.
A.opposition from her own family
B.official charges of child abuse
C.approval from psychologists
D.somewhat mixed responses
A B C D
D
[解析] 由题干中的Skenazy's decision定位到文章第三段的首句:Online message boards were soon full of people both applauding and condemning Skenazy's decision to let her son go it alone. [精解] 根据定位句可知,Skenazy的决定既得到了赞同,也受到了谴责,即两种不同的看法。同时,根据第四段首句可知,这一事件还引起了两大阵营的争论。结合选项,答案应为D)。
4. Skenazy started her own blog to ______.
A.promote sensible parenting
B.share parenting experience
C.fight against child abuse
D.protect children's rights
A B C D
A
[解析] 由题干中的started her own blog定位到文章第六段首句:Last week,encouraged by all the attention, Skenazy started her own blog-Free Range Kids-promoting the idea that modern children need some of the same independence that her generation had.和第三句;Her blog,she says,is dedicated to sensible parenting. [精解] 根据题干可知,本题考查的是Skenazy开通博客的目的。Skenazy开通了自己的博客“自由放养的孩子”,并提出这种看法,即现在的孩子同样需要她那一代人的独立意识。本段第三句又提到她的博客致力于理性地培养孩子,A)是对该目的的表述,所以本题答案为A)。
5. According to the author, New York City ______.
A.ranks high in road accidents
B.is much safer than before
C.ranks low in child mortality rates
D.is less dangerous than small cities
A B C D
B
[解析] 由题干中的New York City定位到文章第八段第二句:New York City,for instance,is safer than it's ever been. [精解] 解答本题的关键在于通过比较明显的字眼New York City找到定位句。文章中提到,纽约市比以前安全多了,并举例说明在美国所有的城市中,纽约的犯罪率排名第136位。B)是原文的同义表述,故为本题答案。
6. Parents today are more nervous about their kids' safety than previous generations because ______.
A.there are now fewer children in the family
B.the number of traffic accidents has been increasing
C.their fear is amplified by media exposure of crime
D.crime rates have been on the rise over the years
A B C D
C
[解析] 由题干中的more nervous about their kids' safety定位到文章第九段前三句话;Then there's the whole question of whether modern parents are more watchful and nervous about safety than previous generations.Yes, some are.Part of the problem is that with wall-to-wall Internet and cable news,every missing child case gets so much airtime that it's not surprising even normal parental anxiety can be amplified. [精解] 文章第九段首句提到了这个问题,即现在的父母是否比前几代人更警觉和担心孩子的安全。其具体原因出现在接下来的句子中,即随着无处不在的因特网和有线电视新闻的发展,每一个失踪儿童的案件都得到如此多的关注,父母的忧虑扩大也就不足为奇了。C)是对这一原因的同义转述,因此C)为本题答案。
7. According to child experts, how and when kids may be allowed more freedom depends on ______.
A.the traditions and customs of the community
B.the safety conditions of their neighborhood
C.their parents' psychological makeup
D.their maturity and personal qualities
A B C D
D
[解析] 由题干中的child experts定位到文章倒数第四段第二、三、四句:Child experts discourage a one-size-fits-all approach to parenting.What's right for Skenazy's nine-year-old could be inappropriate for another one.It all depends on developmental issues,maturity,and the psychological and emotional makeup of that child. [精解] 原文指出,儿童专家不建议用一刀切的办法来养育孩子。对于什么时候和怎样给孩子更多的自由取决于孩子个人的发展、成熟度、以及心理和情感因素。文章还提到,理解父母要求的能力;儿童应对这种情况的得心应手程度以及儿童的一般判断等方面的因素。D)是这些因素之一,其他选项均不符,因此D)为本题答案。
8. According to Gallagher and Skenazy, children who are watchful will be better able to stay away from ______.
unsafe situations
[解析] 由题干中的Gallagher and Skenazy以及children who are watchful定位到文章倒数第三段:Gallagher agrees with Skenazy that many nine-year-olds are ready for independence like taking public transportation alone....,and how to avoid unsafe situations by being watchful and on their toes. [精解] 本段末尾提到,特别是如果他们在这个城市长大,学会了如何做才安全,知道在担心自己安全的时候如何获得帮助,以及如何保持警觉以避免不安全的情况。文章中用的动词是avoid,这与题干中的stay away from是同义表达。根据题干,空格处应该是一个名词或名词短语,因此答案为unsafe situations。
9. Being able to find out where a child is anytime helps lessen parents' ______.
anxiety
[解析] 由题干中的Being able to find out where a child is anytime定位到倒数第二段第二句:Being able to check in with a child anytime goes a long way toward relieving parental anxiety and may help parents loosen their control a little sooner. [精解] 此处表明,能够时刻与孩子保持联系在减少父母的忧虑方面起着重要的作用,这可能会使父母很快就放松对孩子的管制。题干中使用的动词lessen与原文中的relieving意思相同,题干中的parent's与原文中的 parental意思相同。根据题干,本题空格处应为名词或名词短语。因此答案为anxiety。
10. Nowadays with the help of GPS cell phones, parents can, from a distance, track their children's ______.
every movement
[解析] 由题干中的GPS cell phones定位到原文最后一段第二句:A new generation of GPS cell phones with tracking software make it easier than ever to follow a child's every movement via the Internet-without seeming to interfere or hover. [精解] 本题题干中有大写字母组合GPS,且是最后一题,我们很容易锁定定位句。文中说新一代的带有跟踪软件的GPS手机使人们比以往任何时候都更容易通过因特网跟踪孩子的一举一动。结合题干,track与原文中的follow意思相同,题干中的their children's与原文中的a child's功能对等,且空格处需要一个名词或名词短语,因此答案应该为every movement。
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
A.Fred forgot to call him last night about the camping trip.
B.He is not going to lend his sleeping bag to Fred.
C.He has not seen Fred at the gym for some time.
D.Fred may have borrowed a sleeping bag from someone else.
A B C D
D
[解析] W: I forgot to tell you that Fred called last night to borrow your sleeping bag. M: Oh, I saw him at the gym this morning, but he didn't say anything. So he must have asked somebody else. Q: What does the man imply?
[听前猜测] 四个选项中有call,lend,borrow等动词,和sleeping bag等名词,且有两项有Fred一人。根据这些词汇,本题很可能是有人打电话借睡袋或其他东西。 [精解] 女士说,她忘了告诉男士Fred打过电话说要借睡袋;男士说,自己在体育馆见过Fred,但他没有说借睡袋的事,男士用must have done句式推断他可能向别人借了。故本题答案为D)。
2.
A.Summer has become hotter in recent years.
B.It will cool down a bit over the weekend.
C.Swimming in a pool has a relaxing effect.
D.He hopes the weather forecast is accurate.
A B C D
B
[解析] W: These summer days are getting to be more than I can take. It was even too hot to go to the pool yesterday. M: Hang in there. According to the weather report we should have some relief by the end of the week. Q: What does the man mean?
[解析] W: Well, tonight we have Professor Brown in our studio to talk about the famous oil painting of Queen Victoria, Good evening, professor. M: Good evening, madam, my pleasure to be here tonight. Q: What is the woman doing?
[解析] M: The plants next to the window always look brown. You wouldn't know by looking at them that I water them every week. W: Maybe they don't like direct sunlight. I had the same problem with some of my plants. And a little shade helps them immensely. Q: What does the woman imply?
[解析] M: I'm really exhausted, Mary. But I don't want to miss the Hollywood movie that comes on at 11. W: If I were you, I'd skip it. We both have to get up early tomorrow. And anyway I've heard it's not as exciting as advertised. Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
[听前猜测] 四个选项中有两项是关于看电视和电影的,另外两项是关于睡觉和熬夜的。故可猜测本题可能是关于选择看电影或电视还是睡觉的问题。 [精解] 男士首先表明自己很累了,但他还不想错过11点的好莱坞电影;女士使用If I were you结构提出建议,放弃看电影,并且指出两个原因:明天需要早起床,而且电影没有广告中说的那么好。由此可知,女士建议男士早点睡觉。所以C)为本题答案。
6. A. Both of them are laymen of modern art. B. She has learned to appreciate modern sculptures. C. Italian artists' works are difficult to understand.D. Modern artists are generally considered weird.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: Those modern sculptures over there are really weird. Don't you think So? W: Well, I couldn't stand them either at first. But now I've come to like modern art, particularly those sculptures carved by Italian artists. Q: What does the woman mean?
B.They have called all club members to contribute.
C.They think the day can be called a memorable one.
D.They find it hard to raise money for the hospital.
A B C D
A
[解析] M: I'm really glad our club decided to raise money for the children's hospital. And most of the people we phoned seemed happy to contribute. W: Yeah! I agree. Now that we've gone through all the numbers on our list, I guess we can call it a day. Q: What do we learn about the speakers?
[解析] M: Have you heard of Professor Smith? I'm thinking of taking an advanced engineering course with him. What do you think? W: Yeah! You really should. He's published dozens of books so far. One's been recommended as a textbook for postgraduates. Q: What does the woman imply?
C.Stories about Britain's relations with other nations.
D.Conflicts' and compromises among political parties.
A B C D
B
[解析] 19-21 W: You're the editor of Public Eye. (19)What kind of topics does your program cover? M: Well, (19)there are essentially domestic stories. We don't cover international stories. We don't cover party politics or economics. We do issues of general social concern to our British audience. They can be anything from the future of the health service to the way the environment is going downhill. W: How do you choose the topic? (20)Do you choose one because it's what the public wants to know about or because it's what you feel the public ought to know about? M: (20)I think it's a mixture of both. Sometimes you have a strong feeling that something is important and you want to see it examined and you want to contribute to a public debate. Sometimes people come to you with things they are worried about and they can be quite small things. They can be a story about corruption in local government, something they can't quite understand, why it doesn't seem to be working out properly, like they are not having their litter collected properly, or the dustbins emptied. W: (21)How do you know that you've got a really successful program? One that is just right for the time? M: (21)I think you get a sense about it after working in it in a number of years. You know which stories are going to get the attention. They are going to be published just the point when the public are concerned about that. 19.What kind of topics does Public Eye cover?
B.It was very common for them to have 12 children.
C.They retired from work much earlier than today.
D.They were quite optimistic about their future.
A B C D
A
[解析] 22-25 W: Hi, Professor Smith. I hear you've written a book titled Visions. M: Yes. It explains how science will revolutionize the 21st century. W: Could I ask you some questions concerning the book? M: Sure. W: Are you optimistic about the future? M: Generally, yeah. (22)If we go back to the year of 1900,most Americans didn't live beyond the age of 50. Since then, we've had improvements in health care and technology. There is no reason why these won't continue far into the 21st century. W: Are we ready for the changes that will come? M: Changes are already happening. The future is here now. We have DNA, microchips, the Internet. Some people's reaction is to say, we are too old;we don't understand new technology. (23)My reaction is to say, we must educate people to use new technology now. W: Is world population going to be a big problem? M: Yes, and no. (24)I think that world population will stop increasing as we all get richer. If you are a part of the middle class, you don't want or need 12 children. W: Will there be a world government? M: Very probably. We will have to manage the world and its resources on a global level because countries alone are too small. W: Will we have control of everything? M: I think we'll learn to control the weather, volcanoes and earthquakes. Illness won't exist. We'll grow new livers, kidneys, hearts, and lungs like spare parts for a car. People will live to about 130 or 150. (25)For 2000 years, we have tried to understand our environment. Now we'll begin to control it. 22. What does Professor Smith say about most Americans around the year of 1900?
[听前猜测] 四个选项都是一般过去时,且提到average life span,have 12 children,retired from work,optimistic about their future,可知本题提问以前的人们的生活情况。 [精解] 女士就男士出版的书的内容提出几个问题,首先,女士问男士是否对未来很乐观;男士做出肯定回答,并举例说在1900年的时候,大多数美国人寿命都不会超过50岁。所以本题答案为A)。
Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices, marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A.To help young people improve their driving skills.
B.To alert teenagers to the dangers of reckless driving.
C.To teach young people road manners through videotapes.
D.To show teens the penalties imposed on careless drivers.
A B C D
B
[解析] 26-28 Getting behind the wheel of a car can be an exciting new step in a teen's life. But along with that excitement comes a new responsibility---understanding the need for common sense and maturity to avoid accidents. (26)In an effort to spread awareness to teens across the nation, the All-state Foundation sponsored a Keep-The-Drive Summit at Sunset Station on January 23rd. Students from Kennedy and Alamo Heights High schools participated in the summit, which was held here for the first time. The goal of the year-long effort is to educate teens on the rules of safe driving and the severe consequences that can result if those rules are not followed, and then have them communicate that information to their peers. The students watched videos that told them about the numbers of teenage driving injuries and deaths. They listen to the videos as students from other cities share their stories of how their reckless driving affected not only their lives but also those of their passengers. "We are trying to create awareness in high schools across the country," said Westerman, an All-state representative. "We focus on changing how teens think behind the wheel. "(27)According to the presentation, more teens die in automobile crashes in the United States each year than from drugs, violence, smoking and suicide. An average of 16 teens die every day in motor vehicle crashes and nearly forty percent of those are caused by speeding. Texas is the state with the most teen driving deaths according to the presentation. (28)Students .agreed that the statistics were amazing and made them think twice about how they drive. 26.For what purpose did the All—state Foundation sponsor the Keep-The-Drive Summit?
[解析] 29-32 Dr. Allen Hersh designs smells for businesses. He says that it doesn't take a whole lot of smell to affect you. Store owners can lure you to the candy aisle, even if you don't realize your are smelling candy. This idea scares a lot of people. (29)Groups that protect the rights of shoppers are upset. They say the stores are using a kind of brainwashing which they call "smell-washing". "It's pretty dishonest," says Mark Silbergeld. He runs an organization that checks out products for consumers. The scientists hired to design the scents disagree. (30)"There's soft background music. There's special lighting. There're all sorts of bells being used," says Dr. Hersh, "why not smells?" "One reason why not," says Silbergeld, "is that some people are allergic to certain scents pumped into products or stores." But there is a whole other side to this debate, "do the smells really work?" So far, there is little proof one way or the other. (31)But Dr. Hersh has run some interesting experiments. In one of Hersh's experiments,31 volunteers were led into a shoe store that smells slightly like flowers. Later, another group shopped in the same store, but with no flower odor. (31)Dr. Hersh found that 84% of the shoppers were more likely to buy the shoes in the flower-scented room, but Hersh found out something even stranger. "Whether the volunteers like the flower scent or not didn't matter, "Hersh says, (31)"Some reported that they hated the smell, but they still were more likely to buy the shoes in the scented room." 29.Why are some people against the use of smells to attract customers?
A.A goods train hit a bus carrying many passengers.
B.Two passenger trains crashed into each other.
C.A passenger train collided with a goods train.
D.An express train was derailed when hit by a bomb.
A B C D
C
[解析] 32-35 This is Ray MacArthur with the news. Reports are coming in of a major train crash in Japan. (32)A passenger train carrying hundreds of workers home from the center of Tokyo is reported to have hit an oncoming goods train. Both were traveling at high speed. (33)Figures are not yet available but it is believed that the death toll could be as high as 300, with hundreds more injured. Emergency and Rescue Services rushed to the scene. But our reporter says it will take days to clear the track and to establish the numbers of the dead and injured. There was a similar accident on the same stretch of track four years ago. (34)There was another bomb scare in a large London store last night during late night shopping. Following a telephone call to the police from an anonymous caller, hundreds of shoppers were shepherded out of the store while roads in the area were sealed off. Police dogs spent hours searching the store for a bag which the caller claimed contained 50 pounds of explosives. Nothing was found and the store was given the all-clear by opening time this morning. A police spokesman said that this was the third bomb scare within a week and that we should all be on our guard. (35)And finally, the motoring organizations have issued a warning to drivers following the recent falls of snow in many parts of the country. Although the falls may be slight, they say extra care is needed. 32.What accident happened recently in Japan?
Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. English is the leading international language. In different countries around the globe, English is acquired as the mother 1 , in others it's used as a second language. Some nations use English as their 2 language, performing the function of 3 ; in others it's used as an international language for business, 4 and industry. What factors and forces have led to the 5 of English? Why is English now considered to be so prestigious that, across the globe, individuals and societies feel 6 if they do not have 7 in this language? How has English changed through 1,500 years? These are some of the questions that you 8 when you study English. You also examine the immense variability of English and 9 . You develop in-depth knowledge of the intricate structure of the language. Why do some non-native speakers of English claim that it's a difficult language to learn, while 10 ? At the University of Sussex, you are introduced to the nature and grammar of English in all its aspects. This involves the study of sound structures, the formation of words, the sequencing of words and the construction of meaning, as well as examination of the theories explaining these aspects of English usage. 11 , which are raised by studying how speakers and writers employ English for a wide variety of purposes.
come to understand how it's used as a symbol of both individual identity and social connection
[解析] understand,symbol,individual identity,social connection [思路串联] come to understand the way it's used as a symbol of individual identification and social connection
10.
infants born into English speaking communities acquire their language before they learn to use forks and knives
[解析] infants,acquire,learn [思路串联] infants who were born in the English speaking countries learn to speak their languages before they learn to use forks and knives
11.
You are encouraged to develop your own individual responses to various practical and theoretical issues
[解析] encouraged, responses, practical, theoretical [思路串联] You are stimulated to develop your own reactions to different practical and theoretical issues
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete' statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the. fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2. There is nothing new about TV and fashion magazines giving girls unhealthy ideas about how thin they need to be in order to be considered beautiful. What is surprising is the method psychologists at the University of Texas have come up with to keep girls from developing eating disorders. Their main weapon against superskinny (role) models: a brand of civil disobedience dubbed "body activism". Since 2001, more than 1,000 high school and college students in the U. S. have participated in the Body Project, which works by getting girls to understand how they have been buying into the notion that you have to be thin to be happy or successful. After critiquing (评论) the so-called thin ideal by writing essays and role-playing with their peers, participants are directed to come up with and execute small, nonviolent acts. They include slipping notes saying "Love your body the way it is" into dieting books at stores like Borders and writing letters to Mattel, makers of the impossibly proportioned Barbie doll. According to a study in the latest issue of the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, the risk of developing eating disorders was reduced 61% among Body Project participants. And they continued to exhibit positive body-image attitudes as long as three years after completing the program, which consists of four one-hour sessions. Such lasting effects may be due to girls' realizing not only how they were being influenced but also who was benefiting from the societal pressure to be thin. "These people who promote the perfect body really don't care about you at all," says Kelsey Hertel, a high school junior and Body Project veteran in Eugene, Oregon. "They purposefully make you feel like less of a person so you'll buy their stuff and they'll make money."
1. Where do girls get the notion that they need to be thin in order to be considered beautiful?
TV and fashion magazines.
[解析] 根据题干中的they need to be thin in order to be considered beautiful定位到原文第一段第一句:There is nothing new about TV and fashion magazines giving girls unhealthy ideas about how thin they need to be in order to be considered beautiful. [精解] 本题考查女孩子们得到“为了让自己更漂亮,女孩子应该更苗条”这一思想的途径。文章开门见山地提出,现在的电视和时尚杂志向女孩子们灌输“为了让自己更漂亮,女孩子应该更苗条”的思想,这已经不是什么新鲜事了。题干中的the notion是对原文中的unhealthy ideas的同义转述,其他部分基本上是原句照搬到题干上的,因此不难确定动名词giving的逻辑主语TV and fashion magazines就是女孩子们获得这一思想的途径,故本题答案为TV and fashion magazines。
2. By promoting "body activism", University of Texas psychologists aim to prevent girls from _______.
developing eating disorders
[解析] 根据题干中的“body activism”和University of Texas psychologists定位到原文第一段第二、三句:What is surprising is the method psychologists at the University of Texas have come up with to keep girls from developing eating disorders.Their main weapon against superskinny (role) models:a brand of civil disobedience dubbed "body activism". [精解] 本题考查德克萨斯大学的心理学家们提出“身体激进主义”的目的。第一段第二句指出,德克萨斯大学的心理学家们提出了防止女孩子们出现饮食紊乱的方法;第三句接着指出,这种方法被称为“身体激进主义”。题干中的aim to和原文第二句中的动词不定式都是表示目的,而且题干中的prevent...from...结构和原文中的keep...from...结构表达的意思完全一样。由此可以推断,原文中keep...from...结构的宾语就是prevent...from...结构的宾语,所以本题答案为developing eating disorders。
3. According to the author, Mattel's Barbie dolls are _______.
impossibly proportioned
[解析] 根据题干中的Mattel和Barbie dolls定位到原文第二段最后一句:They include slipping notes saying "Love your body the way it is" into dieting books at stores like Borders and writing letters to Mattel,makers of the impossibly proportioned Barbie doll. [精解] 本题考查芭比娃娃的特点。原文第二段最后一句后半部分提到了Mattel,后面使用同位语对其进行介绍,Mattel是体形难以想象地匀称的芭比娃娃的制造商。其中指出了芭比娃娃的特点:体形难以想象地匀称,所以可以确定本题答案为:impossibly proportioned。
4. The positive effects of the Body Project may last up to _______.
three years
[解析] 根据题干中的positive effects of the Body Project定位到原文第三段第二句:And they continued to exhibit positive body-image attitudes as long as three years after completing the program,which consists of four one-hour sessions. [精解] 本题考查“身体方案”活动所产生的积极效果持续的时间。原文第三段第二句提到,在参加完共四次,每次时长1小时的课程学习后,对身体形象的积极的态度能维持三年。题干中的positive effects of the Body Project是对原文中的exhibit positive body-image attitudes的同义转述,而且last up to也和原文中的短语as long as同义,所以短语as long as的宾语three years就是本题的答案。
5. One Body Project participant says that the real motive of those who promote the perfect body is to _______.
make money
[解析] 根据题干中的One Body Project participant和promote the perfect body定位到原文第三段最后两句: “These people who promote the perfect body really don't care about you at all,”says Kelsey Hertel,a high school junior and Body Project veteran in Eugene,Oregon.“They purposefully make you feel like less of a person so you'll buy their stuff and they'll make money.” [精解] 本题考查提倡完美体形的人的真实动机。第三段倒数第二句指出,那些倡导完美体形的人实际上并不关心你,下一句接着指出了他们这样做的目的:他们故意让你感到自己有某种缺陷,这样你就会去购买他们的产品,刚好实现了他们牟利的目的。由此可见,提倡完美体形的人的真实动机是谋取利益。所以本题答案为make money。
Section B Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre:
Passage One For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龟) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings (幼龟) down to the water's edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting sites on the Atlantic coastlines. With all that attention paid to them, you'd think these creatures would at least have the gratitude not to go extinct. But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic sea turtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. The South Florida nesting population, the largest, has declined by 50% in the last decade, according to Elizabeth Griffin, a marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana. The figures prompted Oceans to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from "threatened" to "endangered"--meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. Which raises the obvious question: what else do these turtles want from us, anyway? It turns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings),we have neglected the years they spend in the ocean. "The threat is from commercial fishing," says Griffin. Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor) and long-line fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a heavy toll on turtles. Of course, like every other environmental issue today, this is playing out against the background of global warming and human interference with natural ecosystems. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well, or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs (恐龙) will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how a creature so ugly could have won so much affection.
1. We can learn from the first paragraph that ______.
A.human activities have changed the way turtles survive
B.efforts have been made to protect turtles from dying out
C.government bureaucracy has contributed to turtles' extinction
D.marine biologists are looking for the secret of turtles' reproduction
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据题干中的first paragraph定位到原文第一段最后两句:A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting sites on the Atlantic coastlines.With all that attention paid to them,you'd think these creatures would at least have the gratitude not to go extinct. [精解] 推断题。本题考查对第一段内容的整体理解。第一段倒数第二句指出,政府机构已经建立强大的保护墙来保护它们在大西洋海岸线上的主要栖息地;最后一句进行了补充说明,由于人类对它们的关注,这些生物也许就不会面临灭绝的危险了。综合理解可知,人类做出了很大的努力来保护海龟免遭灭绝的厄运。所以B)为本题答案。 [避错] A)“人类活动已经改变了海龟的生存方式”和D)“海洋生物学家正在寻找海龟繁殖的秘密”未在原文中提及,可以排除;C)“政府机构导致了海龟的灭绝”与原文中提到的政府机构建立强大的保护墙来保护海龟主要栖息地的说法矛盾,可以排除。
2. What does the author mean by "Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness"(Line 1,Para. 2)?
A.Nature is quite fair regarding the survival of turtles.
B.Turtles are by nature indifferent to human activities.
C.The course of nature will not be changed by human interference.
D.The turtle population has decreased in spite of human protection.
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据题干中的"Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness"定位到原文第二段第一句:But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness,and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic sea turtles,notably loggerheads... [精解] 推断题。本题考查对句子意思的理解。第二段第一句是由and连接的并列句,所以可以通过后半句来推断前半句的意思。第一段后半部分提到了人们对于保护海龟所采取的措施和乐观看法,第二段开头使用连词but进行转折,意义应该与第一段相反或相对;同时,第二段第一句后半句指出,美国鱼类及野生动物保护局的报告表明,北大西洋地区的许多种海龟已经出现了数量下降的令人担忧的局面。结合以上分析,可以推断,第一句前半句的意思为:大自然似乎不大在意人类的美好理想,换句话说,虽然人们做出努力来保护海龟,但是其数量仍然在下降。所以D)为本题答案。 [避错] 通过上述分析,可以同时排除A)“在海龟的生存方面,大自然非常公正”、B)“海龟天生地不在意人类的活动”和C)“自然的进程将不会为人类的干扰所改变。”
3. What constitutes a major threat to the survival of turtles according to Elizabeth Griffin?
A.Their inadequate food supply.
B.Unregulated commercial fishing.
C.Their lower reproductive ability.
D.Contamination of sea water.
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据题干中的major threat和Elizabeth Griffin定位到原文第三段最后两句:“The threat is from commercial fishing,”says Griffin.Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor) and longline fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that cab stretch for miles) take a heavy toll on turtles. [精解] 细节题。本题考查Elizabeth Griffin所认为的威胁海龟生存的主要因素。第三段倒数第二句援引 Elizabeth Griffin的话指出,真正的威胁来自商业捕捞;最后一句又进一步补充说明:对于海龟来说,拖捞船和多钩长线渔船对它们是沉重的打击。由此可见,B)为本题答案。 [避错] A)“它们的食物供应不足”、C)“它们较低的繁殖能力”、D)“海水的污染”,这三个选项的内容都没有在原文中提及,均可以排除。
4. How does global warming affect the survival of turtles?
A.It threatens the sandy beaches on which they lay eggs.
B.The changing climate makes it difficult for their eggs to hatch.
C.The rising sea levels make it harder for their hatchlings to grow.
D.It takes them longer to adapt to the high beach temperature.
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据题干中的global warming和survival of turtles定位到原文最后一段第二句:The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. [精解] 语义题。本题考查全球变暖是如何影响海龟的生存的。文章最后一段第二句指出,随着经济的发展和海洋变暖而导致的海平面上升的威胁,海龟前往产卵的狭窄的海滩地带正在遭到蚕食。由此可见,全球变暖将会导致海平面上升,继而破坏海龟的产卵环境——狭窄的海滩地带。所以A)为本题答案。 [避错] 根据上面的分析,B)“不断变化的气候导致海龟蛋很难被孵化”、C)“海平面上升导致幼龟难以生长”和D)“海龟需要花费更长的时间来适应较高的海滩温度”均可以排除。
5. The last sentence of the passage is meant to ______.
A.persuade human beings to show more affection for turtles
B.stress that even the most ugly species should be protected
C.call for effective measures to ensure sea turtles' survival
D.warn our descendants about the extinction of species
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据题干中的The last sentence of the passage定位到原文最后一句:Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well,or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs (恐龙) will meet its end at the hands of humans,leaving our descendants to wonder how a creature so ugly could have won so much affection. [精解] 语义题。本题考查文章最后一句表达的深层次的意思。文章最后一句的前半句指出,人类必须同时解决好这些问题,否则海龟将会毁灭在人类的手中;后半句提到,也许这会让我们的子孙后代感到疑惑:为什么这种如此丑陋的生物会获得如此多的关爱,这里的“关爱”正是指人类采取措施保护海龟免遭灭绝的厄运,也就是说,最后一句实际上是在呼吁人类采取有效措施来保护海龟,确保它们能够生存下去,所以C)为本题答案。 [避错] 通过上面的分析可以看出,A)“劝告人类对海龟表现出更多的关爱”、B)“强调即使最丑陋的物种也应该得到保护”和D)“警告后代物种将会灭绝”都不是原文最后一句的言外之意,因此都可以排除。
Passage Two There are few more sobering online activities than entering data into college-tuition calculators and gasping as the Web spits back a six-figure sum. But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying, as well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike many bank stocks, should yield huge dividends. A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the "labor-market premium to skill"--or the amount college graduates earned that's greater than what high-school graduates earned--decreased for much of the 20th century, but has come back with a vengeance (报复性地) since the 1980s. In 2005, the typical full-time year-round U.S. worker with a four-year college degree earned $ 50,900,62% more than the $ 31,500 earned by a worker with only a high-school diploma. There's no question that going to college is a smart economic choice. But a look at the strange variations in tuition reveals that the choice about which college to attend doesn't come down merely to dollars and cents. Does going to Columbia University (tuition, room and board $ 49,260 in 2007-08) yield a 40% greater return than attending the University of Colorado at Boulder as an out-of-state student ($ 35,542)? Probably not. Does being an out-of-state student at the University of Colorado at Boulder yield twice the amount of income as being an in-state student ($17,380) there? Not likely. No, in this consumerist age, most buyers aren't evaluating college as an investment, but rather as a consumer product--like a car or clothes or a house. And with such purchases, price is only one of many crucial factors to consider. As with automobiles, consumers in today's college marketplace have vast choices, and people search for the one that gives them the most comfort and satisfaction in line with their budgets. This accounts for the willingness of people to pay more for different types of experiences (such as attending a private liberal-arts college or going to an out-of-state public school that has a great marine-biology program). And just as two auto purchasers might spend an equal amount of money on very different cars, college students (or, more accurately, their parents) often show a willingness to pay essentially the same price for vastly different products. So which is it? Is college an investment product like a stock or a consumer product like a car? In keeping with the automotive world's hottest consumer trend, maybe it's best to characterize it as a hybrid (混合动力汽车): an expensive consumer product that, over time, will pay rich dividends.
1. What's the opinion of economists about going to college?
A.Huge amounts of money is being wasted on campus socializing.
B.It doesn't pay to run into debt to receive a college education.
C.College education is rewarding in spite of the startling costs.
D.Going to college doesn't necessarily bring the expected returns.
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据题干中的opinion of economists和going to college定位到原文第一段第二句:But economists say families about to so into debt to fund four years of partying,as well as studying,can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that,unlike many bank stocks,should yield huge dividends. [精解] 语义题。本题考查经济学家们对上大学的看法。文章第一段第二句中economists say后面的宾语从句就是经济学家们的观点。他们认为,那些准备负债去资助孩子参加长达四年的派对和学习的家庭可以这样来安慰自己:上大学是一笔投资,但是与购买银行股票不同,它应该能够带来丰厚的收益。简而言之,他们认为,上大学就像投资一样,需要先进行投入,最后是能够获得回报的。所以C)为本题答案。 [避错] 第一段第二句中提到,负债上大学,在学习的同时,还参加许多社交活动,但是这就像投资一样,花费在社交生活上的资金是需要的,而不是浪费,所以排除A)“大量的资金被浪费在大学校园里的社交生活中”;本句最后部分明确指出了经济学家们的看法,上大学是一笔投资,应该能够带来丰厚的收益,所以B)“背负债务去上大学无法获得回报”和D)“上大学不一定会带来预期的回报”的说法与原文不符,可以排除。
2. The two Harvard economists note in their study that, for much of the 20th century, ______.
A.enrollment kept decreasing in virtually all American colleges and universities
B.the labor market preferred high-school graduates. to college graduates
C.competition for university admissions was far more fierce than today
D.the gap between the earnings of college and high-school graduates narrowed
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据题干中的two Harvard economists和much of the 20th century定位到原文第二段第一句:A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the "labor-market premium to skill" --or the amount college graduates earned that's greater than what high-school graduates earned--decreased for much of the 20th century,but has come back with a vengeance (报复性地) since the 1980s. [精解] 语义题。本题考查哈佛大学的两位经济学家的研究结果。第二段第一句指出了他们的研究结果:大学毕业生比高中毕业生的收入高的趋势在20世纪的大部分时间里呈现下降趋势,仅在80年代以来出现强烈反弹的势头。由此可见,在20世纪的大部分时间里,大学毕业生与高中毕业生的收入差距在减小,少部分时间差距在加大,所以本题答案为D)。 [避错] A)“在几乎所有的美国大学中,入学率持续下降”和C)“当时的大学之间的招生竞争比现在更激烈”的内容没有在原文中提及,可以排除;第二段第一句后半句指出,在20世纪的大部分时间里,大学毕业生与高中毕业生的收入差距在减小,但是这并不能说明劳动力市场更喜欢高中毕业生,所以可以排除B)“与大学毕业生相比,劳动力市场更喜欢高中毕业生”。
3. Students who attend an in-state college or university can ______.
A.save more on tuition
B.receive a better education
C.take more liberal-arts courses
D.avoid traveling long distances
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据题干中的attend an in-state college or university定位到原文第三段第三句:Does going to Columbia University (tuition,room and board $49,260 in 2007-08) yield a 40% greater return than attending the University of Colorado at Boulder as an out-of-state student ($35,542)? 和第五句:Does being an out-of-state student at the University of Colorado at Boulder yield twice the amount of income as being an in-state student ($17,380) there? [精解] 细节题。本题考查就读州内大学的学生的情况。原文第三段提到了许多数字,需要仔细加以辨别。其中,第三句中指出,2007-2008年就读科罗拉多大学的外州学生的费用为35542美元;第五句中指出,同期就读该所大学的州内学生的费用为17380美元。通过比较不难发现,就读州内大学可以节省很大一笔费用,所以A)为本题答案。 [避错] 同一所学校提供的教育条件是一样的,所以B)“受到更好的教育”的说法是错误的,可以排除;C)“学习更多的文科课程”和D)“避免长距离旅行”都未在文章中提及,可以排除。
4. In this consumerist age, most parents ______. A. regard college education as a wise investment B. place a premium on the prestige of the college C. think it crucial to send their children to collegeD. consider college education a consumer product
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据题干中的consumerist age定位到原文第四段第一句:No,in this consumerist age,most buyers aren't evaluating college as an investment,but rather as a consumer product--like a car or clothes or a house. [精解] 语义题。本题考查大多数父母在这个祟尚消费的时代的做法。第四段第一句中的most buyers实际上是指题干中的most parents,而句子的主要结构为not…but rather…(不是……而是……)。在这一句中提到,在这个崇尚消费的时代,大多数顾客不会把上大学当作一笔投资,而是看作一件消费品——就像汽车、服装或者房子一样。换句话说,大多数父母会把大学教育看作一件消费品,所以,D)为本题答案。 [避错] 解答本题的过程中特别要注意题干中给出的限定词in this consumerist age,同时结合上述的分析,就可以排除A)“将大学教育看作一项明智的投资”、B)“会对大学的声望投入大笔费用”和C)“认为送孩子上大学是至关重要的”。
5. What is the chief consideration when students choose a college today?
A.Their employment prospects after graduation.
B.A satisfying experience within their budgets.
C.Its facilities and learning environment.
D.Its ranking among similar institutions.
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据题干中的chief consideration 和 choose a college定位到原文最后一段第一、二句:As with automobiles, consumers in today's college marketplace have vast choices, and people search for the one that gives them the most comfort and satisfaction in line with their budgets.This accounts for the willingness of people to pay more for different types of experiences... [精解] 语义题。本题考查学生们在选择就读的大学时考虑的主要因素。原文最后一段第一句以购买汽车作比喻,指出人们会根据他们的预算情况寻找一所最舒适、最让他们满意的大学;第二句接着指出,人们选择不同的大学实际上是为了获得不同类型的体验。将这两句综合起来可知,学生选择就读学校时主要考虑两个因素:一是预算情况,二是获得让自己满意的体验(即大学)。所以B)为本题答案。 [避错] A)“他们在毕业后的就业前景”、C)“大学的设施和学习环境”和D)“大学在同类院校中的排名情况”这三项内容都没有在原文中提及,均可以排除。
Part Ⅴ Cloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Some historians say that the most important contribution of Dwight Eisenhower's presidency (总统任期) in the 1950s was the U. S. interstate highway system. It was a 1 project, easily surpassing the scale of such previous human 2 as the Panama Canal. Eisenhower's interstate highways 3 the nation together in new ways and 4 major economic growth by making commerce less 5 . Today, an information superhighway has been built--an electronic net work that 6 libraries, corporations, government agencies and 7 . This electronic superhighway is called the Internet, 8 it is the backbone (主干) of the World Wide Web. The Internet had its 9 in a 1969 U.S. Defense Department computer network called ARPAnet, which 10 Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. The Pentagon built the network for military contractors and universities doing military research to 11 information. In 1983 the National Science Foundation (NSF), 12 mission is to promote science, took over. This new NSF network 13 more and more institutional users, many of 14 had their own internal networks. For example, most universities that 15 the NSF network had intra-campus computer networks. The NSF network 16 became a connector for thousands of other networks. 17 a backbone system that interconnects networks, internet was a name that fit. So we can see that the Internet is the wired infrastructure(基础设施)on which web 18 move. It began as a military communication system, which expanded into a government-funded 19 research network. Today, the Internet is a user-financed system tying institutions of many sorts together 20 an "information superhighway".
Part Ⅵ Translation Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.
1. With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk _________________ (说服他不买车).
2. _____________ (保持幽默感有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today's competitive society.
Keeping a sense of humor helps/is helpful to
[解析] ①动名词的正确使用;②“幽默感”可以用a sense of humor表示。 [避错] ①此处的“保持”是一个长久的动作,需要使用动名词形式Keeping,不宜使用不定式形式To keep;②注意humor的正确书写,还可以写成humour。
3. When confronted with the evidence, ___________________ (他不得不坦白自己的罪行).
he had no choice but to/had to confess his criminal behavior/the crime he had committed
[解析] ①“不得不”可以使用短语had no choice but to 或 had to来表示;②“坦白”可以用confess表示;③“罪行”可以用criminal behavior或者the crime he had committed来表示。 [避错] ①使用had no choice but结构时,后面需要接带to的不定式;②注意confess,crime及commit的正确书写。
4. When people say, "I can feel my ears burning," it means they think ______________ (一定有人说他们的坏话).
there must be someone who is speaking ill of them
[解析] ①对现在事情的肯定推测使用must be结构;②“说坏话”可以使用speak ill of sb.表示。 [避错] ①注意正确使用英语中表达推测的方式;②speak ill of sb.是固定表达,不可替换其中的词语。
5. She has decided to go on a diet, but finds _______________ (很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑).
it hard/difficult to resist the temptation of ice cream
[解析] ①it作形式宾语的用法;②“抵制诱惑”用resist the temptation来表示。 [避错] ①注意resist the temptation的正确书写;②it作形式宾语,后接形容词作宾语补足语,不定式为真正的宾语。