1. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Problems about Extravagant Spending of College Students. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1.现在许多大学生普遍花钱大手大脚,消费水平高; 2.有人认为社会整体生活水平提高了,大学生花钱多一些无可厚非; 3.你的看法。
Problems about Extravagant Spending of College Students
Nowadays college students seem to have no idea of how money comes, and not to care about their expenditure. They buy whatever they like for themselves, also for their friends, paying no attention to how much these things cost. Some people say that it is not a problem for college students to spend much. After all, the society is progressing and life is being enriched. With the living standard being raised, it is reasonable to improve the expenditure of students. For me, it is not just a habit of spending more money ; it is a reflection of students' outlook on money and value. Students get money from their parents so easily that they have no idea of earning money with their hard work and effort, thus developing an awareness that they want to get things but are unwilling to work hard for their goal. Definitely, that is harmful. Students can improve their lives, but with money earned by themselves.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: in this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1—7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D). For questions 8—10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Freud's Study on "Human Mind"
Most people often dream at night. When they wake in the morning they say to themselves, "What a strange dream I had! I wonder what made me dream that. " Sometimes dreams are frightening. Sometimes, in dreams, wishes come true. At other times we are troubled by strange dreams in which the world seems to have been turned upside-down and nothing makes sense. In dreams we do things which we would never do when we're awake. We think and say things we would never think and say. Why are dreams so strange and unfamiliar? Where do dreams come from? No one has produced a more satisfying answer than a man called Sigmund Freud. He said that dreams come from a part of one's mind which one can neither recognize nor control. He named this the "unconscious mind". Sigmund Freud was born about a hundred years ago. He lived most of his life in Vienna, Austria, but ended his days in London, soon after the beginning of the Second World War. The new worlds Freud explored were inside man himself. For the unconscious mind is like a deep well, full of memories and feelings. These memories and feelings have been stored there from the moment of our birth. Our conscious mind has forgotten them. We do not suspect that they are there until some unhappy or unusual experience causes us to remember, or to dream dreams. Then suddenly we see the same thing and feel the same way we felt when we were little children. This discovery of Freud's is very important if we wish to understand why people act as they do. For the unconscious forces inside us are at least as powerful as the conscious forces we know about. Sometimes we do things without knowing why. If we don't, the reasons may lie deep in our unconscious minds. When Freud was a child he cared about the sufferings of others, so it isn't surprising that he became a doctor when he grew up. He learned all about the way in which the human body works. But he became more and more curious about the human mind. He went to Paris to study with a famous French doctor, Charcot. At that time it seemed that no one knew very much about the mind. If a person went mad, or "out of his mind", there was not much that could be done about it. People didn't understand at all what was happening to the madman. Had he been possessed by a devil or evil spirit? Was God punishing him for wrong-doing? Often such people were shut away from the ordinary people as if they had done some terrible crime. This is still true today in many places. Doctors prefer to experiment on those parts of a man which they can see and examine. If you cut a man's head open, you can see his brain. But you can't see his thoughts or ideas or dreams. In Freud's day, few doctors were interested in these subjects. Freud wanted to know how our minds work. He learned a lot from Charcot. He returned to Vienna in 1886 and began work as a doctor in nerve diseases. He got married and began to receive more and more patients at home. Most of the patients who came to see him were women. They were over-excited and anxious, sick in mind rather than in body. Medicine did not help them. Freud was full of sympathy but he could do little to make them better. Then one day a friend, Dr. Josef Breuer, came to see him. He told Freud about a girl he was looking after. The girl seemed to get better when she was allowed to talk about herself. She told Dr. Breuer everything that came into her mind. And each time she talked to him she remembered more about her life as a little child. Freud was excited when he heard this. He began to try to cure his patients in the same way. He asked about the events of their early childhood. He urged them to talk about their own experiences and relationships. He himself said very little. Often, as he listened, his patients relived moments from their past life. They trembled with anger and fear, hate and love. They acted as though Freud was their father or mother or lover. The doctor did not make any attempt to stop them. He quietly accepted whatever they told him, the good things and the bad. Also one young woman who came to him couldn't drink anything, although she was very thirsty. Something prevented her from drinking. Freud discovered the reason for this. One day, as they were talking, the girl remembered having seen a dog drink from her nurse's glass. She hadn't told the nurse, whom she disliked. She had forgotten the whole experience. But suddenly this childhood memory returned to mind. When she had told it all to Dr. Freud—the nurse, the dog, the glass of water—the girl was able to drink again. Freud called this treatment the "talking cure". Later it was called psychoanalysis. When patients talked freely about the things that were troubling them they often felt better. The things that patients told him sometimes gave Freud a shock. He discovered that the feelings of very young children are not so different from those of their parents. A small boy may love his mother so much that he wants to kill his father. At the same time he loves his father and is deeply ashamed of this wish. It is difficult to live with such mixed feelings, so they fade away into the unconscious mind and only return in troubled dreams. It was hard to believe that people could become blind, or lose the power of speech, because of what had happened to them when they were children. Freud was attacked from all sides for what he discovered. But he also found firm friends. Many people believed that he had at last found a way to unlock the secrets of the human mind, and to help people who were very miserable. He had found the answer to many of life's great questions. He became famous all over the world and taught others to use the talking cure. His influence on modem art, literature and science cannot be measured. People who wrote books and plays, people who painted pictures and people who worked in schools, hospitals and prisons all learned something from the great man who discovered a way into the unconscious mind. Not all of Freud's ideas are accepted today. But others have followed where he led and have helped us to understand ourselves better. Because of him, and them, there is more hope today than there has ever been before for people who were once just called "crazy".
1. So far, Freud is the only one who can ______.
A.study human's thoughts, ideas and dreams
B.provide us the most satisfying reply to where dreams come from
A.young children and their parents couldn't stay together for a long time
B.young children were always obedient to their parents
C.young children were not so different from their parents in feelings
D.young children and his parents differed largely in feelings
A B C D
C
细节题。根据题干,考生可锁定文章的第十一段。段中的原话为,He discovered that the feelings of very young children are not so different from those of their parents,而选项C是其同义句,故选C。
8. Although much attack pointed to Freud, it was also thought by many people that Freud had a way to uncover the secrets of ______ and to help miserable people.
Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B) , C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
[解析] M: Hills, are you going to Jack's party tonight? Maybe I can give you a ride. W: Thanks, Tom. I'd like to go for a change, but I have my history exam tomorrow morning. Q: What will the woman probably do tonight?
A.The air pollution is caused by the development of industry.
B.The city was poor because there wasn't much industry.
C.The woman's exaggerating the seriousness of the pollution.
D.He might move to another city very soon.
A B C D
A
[解析] W: I can't bear the air pollution in this city any more. It's getting worse and worse. The sky looks grey most of the time. M: You said it! We've never had so many factories before. Q: What does the man mean?
[解析] W: Lots of people enjoy dancing in the ball. Why not go dancing with me? I think it's the most interesting thing in the world. M: Believe it or not, that is the last thing I'd ever want to do. Q: What does the man mean?
选项是关于跳舞的看法。女士说:这么多人都在跳舞,为什么不和我一起跳呢?我认为这是世界上最有意思的事。男士回答说:不管你信不信,这是我最不愿意做的事。考生要注意一个固定搭配,that is the last thing后面加一个句子,指的是“最不想干的事情”。
4.
A.He admires Jean's straightforwardness.
B.He thinks Brown deserves the praise.
C.He will talk to Jean about what happened.
D.He believes Jean was rude to Brown.
A B C D
A
[解析] W: Jean really lost her temper in Dr. Brown's class this morning. We were all shocked by her aggressiveness. M: Oh, did, she? But I think her frankness is really something to be appreciated. Q: What does the man mean?
[解析] M: I thought you were going to call me last night about the plans for the conference on language teaching. W: Sorry. I should have, but Tom and Jane stopped by and stayed until midnight. Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
[解析] M: Your son certainly shows a lot of enthusiasm on the tennis court. He talked like a professional. W: I only wish he'd show as much for his studies. Q: What does the woman imply about her son?
[解析] W: How come Jim lost his job? M: I didn't say he had lost it. All I said was if he didn't get out and started selling a few cars instead of idling around all day, he might not find himself looking for a new job. Q: What does the man say about Jim?
A.Jerry stayed in a room on the third floor for an hour.
B.Jerry was absent when the discussion was being held.
C.Nobody but the woman noticed that Jerry was absent.
D.Jerry did not leave room 405 until an hour had passed.
A B C D
B
[解析] W: Jerry, last night we held a discussion in that small room numbered 405 on the third floor and you were so conspicuous by your absence. M: Well. I made a mistake about the room number and stayed in room 415 for an hour waiting. Q: What can we learn about Jerry?
B.To teach students how to be expert in computers.
C.To provide work opportunities for graduating students in the community.
D.To help students pass math exam.
A B C D
A
[解析] 19-21 W: This is English Language Centre. How can I help you? M: Yes. I'm calling to find out more information about your program. For example, what kind of course do you offer? W: Well, first of all, (19) the purpose of our program is to provide language learning opportunities to this area's community, whether a student's goal is to master basic functional language skills, let's say, for his or her job, or to study intensively to enter a US college or university. M: Okay. I'm calling for a friend who is interested in attending a US university. My friend is considering about further education. W: And that's the kind of, uh, (20) instruction that we provide, from basic communication course to content-based classes such as computer literacy, intercultural communication, and business English. M: That sounds great. What are your application deadlines for the next semester? W: (21) Well, we ask applicants to apply no later than two months before the semester begins. M: Alright. What is the tuition for a full-time student? W: Let me see. It's two thousand thirty dollars for a full time student. M: And how does one apply? Is it complicated? W: Well, we can send you an application and you can mail it back to us, or you can fill out our application that's on our Website. M: Great. Thank you for help. I appreciate that. W: You are welcome. You can call at any time if you have any other questions. Goodbye. 19. Which is the purpose of the English Language Centre?
[解析] Which course is taught at the English Language Centre?
选项是某一门课程,考生要注意语言学习中心提供的课程有哪些。听力对话接下来女士介绍课程,basic communication course, content-based classes,如computer literacy, intercultural communication, business English。
11.
A.By May 29th.
B.By June 29th.
C.By July 29th.
D.By April 29th.
A B C D
B
[解析] It a semester begins on August 29th, by what date should one apply for it?
[解析] 22-25 W: (22) We're talking this hour about how and why people might become addicted to the Internet. Dr. James atMaryland University has put together a support group for students who find themselves addicted to the Internet. He joins me now from his office in College Park. M: Thank you very much for inviting me. W: Is Internet addiction a relatively new thing? M: Well, some may have been addicted for a while. W: How does it present itself? M: Well, some of them have issues like relationship problems, or(23) problems maintaining their grades because they are spending so much time on the Net. W: But I think the computer is a very positive thing. How do I know when my impulse to go online will turn me into an Interact addict? M: Uh...I'm not sure the exact amount of time is really the issue, (24) but I think if it begins to affect other areas of your life, such as your work or school performance. One of the problems with the Internet is that people start losing some of the skills that make relationships successful. If you are beginning to feel anxious or depressed or empty or lonely and you know you really look forward to those times when you can be online to be connected with other people in that way, then, a serious issue is starting to happen. W: What if you start giving up other things, like going out for a walk...is that a symptom? M: (25) Well, I think it's helpful to have some sort of balance in your life. If you can, spend some time on the Interact and then go out and take a walk. W: So that's how we can avoid Interact addiction. Thank you very much, Dr. James. 22. What is the interview mainly about?
选项用四个名词表示话题。听力对话一开始,女士就讲到了今天的话题,讨论网瘾的问题。
13.
A.Because they lack self-discipline in their studies.
B.Because they spend too much time on the Internet.
C.Because they have not exerted their utmost efforts.
D.Because they have developed poor relationships with teachers.
A B C D
B
[解析] Why do Interact addicts have difficulty maintaining their grades?
选项表示原因。听力对话随后讲到,有网瘾的学生学习成绩不好,原因在于他们花了太多时间在网络上。
14.
A.The impulse to go online begins to affect other areas of life.
B.One begins to feel anxious or depressed or lonely if online.
C.One isn't looking forward to being connected with other people online.
D.One is likely to be violent or crazy or aggressive if not online.
A B C D
A
[解析] Which of the following is a symptom of Internet addiction?
D.To have a face-to-face talk with a psychiatrist.
A B C D
A
[解析] According to Dr. James, how can we avoid Interact addiction?
选项提供了一些解决问题的方法。听力对话最后,男士提供了避免网瘾的办法:在生活中找到平衡。
Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A.Diamond-producing rivers are located far away the mountain side.
B.Diamonds can be formed without volcano heat and pressure.
C.Volcano explosions brought some diamonds up to the earth surface.
D.Explosions of the volcano can damage diamonds as well.
A B C D
C
[解析] 26-28 The diamond is considered the most famous and valuable jewel in the world. A diamond is a symbol of wealth. Diamonds were made as a result of great volcanic heat and pressure. A volcano is a mountain with a hole on the top. A volcano can be very dangerous because when it is active it sometimes explodes and causes great damage. (26) Diamonds were pushed towards the surface of the earth—millions of years ago by a number of great volcanic explosions. (27) It is in the narrow volcanic pipes that diamonds are found. They are also found among the sand and stones of certain fiver beds, and in a few places on the floor of the sea, for they were washed down the mountain sides by the rain. (28) Diamonds are very rare. There are not many diamond pipes or diamond-producing rivers in the world. During the last century adventurers from Europe went to Brazil, because they had heard that there were diamonds in the River Amazon. Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests. But some returned home rich. They were lucky enough to enjoy their lives. (28) The earliest known diamonds were found in India many centuries ago. The most recent and exciting discoveries have been made in eastern Russia. But most of the world's diamonds now come from Congo, from Tanzania-which has the largest diamond mine in the world and from South Africa. 26. Which of the following is mentioned by the speaker?
B.The influence of people's emotions on their health.
C.A new method to cure breast cancer.
D.Several ways to keep fit.
A B C D
B
[解析] 29-31 Recently, a man who was always in good health, spent a week in bed with severe flu. The previous week, he and his wife separated. (30) It seems his unusual ill health was connected with his bad feeling._ Humans have long been aware that our health is linked with our thought, emotions and relationships. Now science is catching up with our suspicion. A new field of scientific investigation has developed. (29) It's the study of how our thoughts and feelings work with our immune and nervous systems. There are already researchers at medical schools who are devoted to the study. They are discovering surprising connections between mind and body. One researcher has been working with breast cancer patients. She has been looking at the mental factors in their illness and treatment. (31) She has discovered that women who did not like to talk about the emotions created by their illness had more chance of dying in five years after treatment. Of a group of 52 patients, 16 women died. All 16 women had said they usually found it difficult to talk to people about their illness. So, simply speaking, it is bad for your health to keep negative feeling inside you. You need to talk about them to your family and friends. Other research shows that stress really can make you sick. People who lead stressful lives are more likely to fall ill with colds and flues and other illnesses. If you have lots of good quality relationships with family and friends in your life, then you are less likely to fall ill, even though the circumstance of your life might be difficult. 29. What is this passage mainly about?
[解析] 32-35 When John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York City for a one year stay, they did not bring very many things with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. (35) But they soon learned about a new system that more and more people are using. (32) The renting of home furnishings (bed, tables, dishes, and so on) has become one of America's fastest growing business. (35) What kinds of people rent their home furnishings instead of buying them? People who are international business or government officials, foreign students, airline workers t young married couples—people whose job or business may force them to move frequently from one city to another. (33) They are saved a lot of trouble and the cost of moving their furniture each time. They simply rent new furniture when they reach their new homes. Young people with little money do not want to buy cheap furniture that they may soon dislike. They prefer to wait until they have enough money to buy furniture they really like. Meanwhile, they find they can rent better quality furniture than they could afford to buy. One family, who now have a large, beautiful home of their own, liked their rented furniture so much that they decided to keep renting it instead of buying new things. (34) But usually people don't like to tell others about it. The idea of renting home furnishings is still quite new, and they are not sure what their neighbors might think. 32. Which of the following has become one of America's fastest growing businesses?
选项表示某种做法。听力篇章第一段提及现在美国越来越流行的业务,那就是租家具。
8.
A.Because the furniture they get in this way is better in quality.
B.Because it saves them a lot of money.
C.Because it saves them much trouble and money.
D.Because they can get better quality furniture in this way.
Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a 1 from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the 2 or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking; they try to find a solution by 3 and error. However, when all these 4 fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six 5 in analyzing a problem. First, the person must 6 that there is a problem. For example, Sam's bicycle is 7 , and he cannot fide it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle. Next, the thinker must 8 the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find the reason why it does not work. For instance, 9 . He must take his problem more specific. 10 . For instance, suppose Sam decides that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully. 11 . Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.
[解析] 36-46 People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a situation from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem. First, the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam's bicycle is broken , and he cannot fide it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle. Next, the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame . He must take his problem more specific. Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decides that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully. After studying the problem, he should have several suggestions for a possible solution . Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.
此空的名词是个常用名词,situation意为“情况,状态”。
2.
opinions
opinions和ideas是同义词,表示“观点,看法”。考生要注意此空用名词复数。
3.
trial
此空的名词trial意为“努力,尝试”,考生要注意和try区别。
4.
methods
此空是个常用名词,method意为“方式,方法”,考生要注意用名词复数形式。
5.
stages
在此处意为“阶段”,前面有数词SIX来修饰,所以用名词复数形式。
6.
recognize
此空是个常用动词,recognize意为“意识,认识”。
7.
broken
此空是动词的过去分词用作形容词,broken在此处意为“不能用,有问题”。
8.
define
此空的动词比较常用,define原意为“定义”,此空意为“确定”。
9.
he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame
10.
Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions
11.
After studying the problem, he should have several suggestions for a possible solution
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A Directions: In this part, there is a short passage with 5 incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Addison Heard uses an image of his wife and infant son for the background on his laptop. An MBA student at the University of Virginia's Darden School of Business, Heard thinks about his family constantly. But because he's away at B-school, he has experienced much of his son's first year via phone calls and digital photos. Says Heard, "It has been particularly hard, not being there with them every day. " This was his family's choice. It didn't make financial sense for his wife, Eden, a corporate lawyer in Washington, to quit her job, sell their condo(公寓), and move to Charlotterville with her husband. So he went alone. In his first year each spouse made the 200-mile round-trip commute on alternate weekends. Since their son was born last May, Addison has been doing most of the driving. As complicated as the Heard's situation seems, it isn't all that rare. In any year, hundreds of couples deal with how to handle the family logistics (后勤工作) of going to B-school. Some choose a long-distance relationship, commuting back and forth on weekends and breaks. Others see partners and children only on vacations and holidays. Still others pack up the family and bring them along. Being apart hasn't been easy, but the Heards have made it work. On weekends when the couple is in Virginia, they attend social events, so she can feel a part of the community. Heard also avoids Friday classes to gain more family time. "We've gotten into a routine that works, " he says, "but I'm looking forward to being home, so the three of us can be a family. " Any long-distance commute puts pressure on a relationship, causing some couples to drift apart. Being thrown in a rigorous academic schedule for one spouse and a demanding career for the other, the stress intensifies, often distracting students from their studies. Some schools offer students in these situations a good deal of support. For faraway spouses, there are on-campus social events when they visit, online communities, even involvement in alumni networks in their home cities. But mainly B-schools try to make it easier for students to take their partners along for the ride. They help families find housing, preschools, or local employment. The decision to attend a distant B-school is fraught(伴随着的) with financial and logistical problems. Students also must decide if their families should stay or go. Either way, schools try to accommodate them. "We have more than ourselves to think about, " an MBA student, Cory Hrncirik says. "It's a family-influenced choice. "
1. Heard will come into contact with his son in his first year via ______.
phone calls and digital photos
根据题干可锁定文章的第一段。Heard离家在外学习,只能通过电话和数码照片了解孩子的成长过程。
2. Before his son was born, in order to meet each other, Addison made the 200-mile round-trip commute ______.
on alternate weekends/every two weeks
根据题干可锁定文章的第二段。原文讲两人轮流开车见面,考生可选择原文中的on alternate weekends,或every two weeks,表示“每隔两周”。
3. The way that Addison continues his study will make the other ______.
Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section, each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One There he was America's first President with a MBA, the man who loves to boast about his business background, whose presidential campaign raised unprecedented sums from corporate wallets and whose cabinet is stuffed with chief executives. Faith in the integrity of American business leaders was being undermined(破坏), George Bush said fiercely, by executives "breaching trust and abusing power". It was time for "a new ethic of personal responsibility in the business community". He was going to "end the days of cooking the books, shading the truth and breaking our laws". Only months ago, the idea that George W. Bush would publicly lambaste America's cooperate bosses was laughable. As a candidate, born on the wave of a decade-long economic boom and an unprecedented 18-year bull market, he cashed in on American's love affair with corporate success. But things are different now. The stock market bubble has burst and, despite signs of economic recovery, Wall Street seems to be sunk in gloom. A string of scandals at some of America's most high-flying farms—including Ertron, Xerox. Tyco, Global Crossing and most recently, World Corn has radically changed the public mood. As political pressure for reform increases, so too does the heat on Mr. Bush. Is the businessman's president really prepared to take business on and push hard for reform? Despite the set jaw and aggrieved tone in New York, probably not. Mr. Bush thinks the current crisis stems from a few bad-apple chief executives rather than the system as a whole. Hence he focuses on tough penalties for corrupt businessmen and his plea for higher ethical standards. The president announced the creation of a financial-crimes SWAT team, at the Justice Department to root out corporate fraud, and wanted to double the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud from five to ten years. But he offered few concrete suggestions for systemic reform: little mention of changes to strengthen shareholders' rights, not even an endorsement of the Senate corporate-reform bill. There are few signs yet that cleaning up corporate America is an issue that animates the voters. Polls show that Americans have little faith in their business leaders, but politicians do not seem to be suffering as a result. Mr. Bush's approval ratings have fallen from their sky-highs, but they are still very strong. The president, therefore, needs do no more than talk tough. This alone will convince ordinary Americans that he is on top of the issue. As the economy rebounds and public outage subsides, the clamor for change will be quieter. Democratic attacks will fizzle, and far-reaching reform bills will be watered down before they become law. Politically, the gamble makes sense. Unfortunately for American capitalism, a great opportunity will be missed.
1. We can infer from the third paragraph that Mr. Bush ______.
A.didn't intend to take business on and push hard for reform
B.did not do anything at all for the presence of the current situation
C.took shareholders' right into account, but he didn't approve reform bill
D.took some measures to pave the way for the reform
Passage Two In recent decades, there is a phenomenon which makes us give some attention: the so-called Southeast Asian "tigers" have rivaled the western "lions" for stock cliches that make economic headlines. The myth of American economic hegemony(霸权) over Asia in the imposing and patriarchal figure of Uncle Sam has provided frequent political grist(有利) for Southeast Asian political leaders, particularly Maiaysia's Prime Minister Mahathir. He has attempted to forge an international reputation as a snarling tiger, but lately sounds more like a barnyard dog groaning at shadows. Without demeaning in any way the remarkable achievements of the newly developing economies of Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia, these nations at times appear to be their own worst enemies. This is often exemplified by Dr. Mahathir, who rails at Western evil whenever an international or domestic crisis provides an opportunity. To be more specific, the recent devaluation of the Philippine and Thai currencies and the subsequent pressure on the Malaysian currency has inspired Dr. Mahathir to launch an all-out attack on the West as the source of the problem. He even alleges that the United States has deliberately destabilized Southeast Asian economies in revenge for these nations, supporting the brutal military rule in Mahathir, an action which the United States seems to want inspected rather than rewarded. But by resorting to such scapegoat(替罪羊), instead of accepting even a bit responsibility, the Prime Minister may undermine the future success of the region and Malaysia in particular. Upon further questioning, Dr. Mahathir narrowed his attack to one wealthy individual, the well-known philanthropist(慈善家), Mr. George Sorts, whose opposition to Malaysia's admission to ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) Mahathir found particularity, irritating. The logical mistakes that underlie such conspiracy theories do not help Malaysia address the serious issues of economic overheating that experts have been warning about for all these difficult periods, which include large deficits and low savings to debt ratios. In fact, the recent dramatic drop in Malaysia's stock market and currency has led Dr. Mahathir to reverse his initial approach to the crisis. He even announces measures that at least imply he is quite aware of excesses in his own administration's spending policies that have contributed to this crisis of confidence. In the end, this kind of reaction undermines the esteem that Dr. Mahathir's enlightened leadership has justly earned.
1. It is implied in the first paragraph that Dr. Mahathir ______.
A.has correctly identified the financial problem in Asia
B.tries to manipulate anti-Western actions for political gains
C.detests the USA's controlling over the regional economies
D.believes in the effect of the ghostly influence from the west
Part Ⅴ Cloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single lose through the centre. We all laugh. We all hurt. We all make mistakes. We all dream, that's life. It's a journey. Please follow these rules to make the journey of your life become a journey of joy ! 1 positive through the cold season could be your best 2 against getting ill, new study findings suggest. In an experiment that 3 healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus, researchers found that people with a 4 sunny disposition were less likely to 5 ill. The findings, published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, build on evidence 6 a "positive emotional style" can help 7 off the common cold and other illnesses. Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective as in happiness 8 immune function and subjective as in happy people being less 9 by a scratchy throat or runny nose. "People with a positive emotional style may have different immune 10 to the virus, " explained lead study author Dr. Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. "And when they do get a cold, they may 11 their illness as being less severe. " Cohen and his colleagues had found in a 12 study that happier people seemed less likely to catch a cold, 13 some questions remained as to 14 the emotional trait itself had the effect. For the new study, the researchers had 193 healthy adults with complete standard measures of personality traits, self-perceived health and emotional "style". Those who 15 be happy, energetic and easy-going were judged 16 having a positive emotional style, 17 those who were often unhappy, tense and hostile had a negative style. The researchers gave them nasal drops 18 either a cold virus or a particular flu virus. Over the next six days, the 19 reported on any aches, pains, sneezing or congestion they had, while the researchers collected 20 data, like daily mucus production. Cohen and his colleagues found that based on objective measures of nasal woes, happy people were less likely to develop a cold.
Part Ⅵ Translation Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.
1. He did very well in his exams, ______(考虑到他所学很少).