1. Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.
As the pace of life continues to increase, / we are fast losing the art of relaxation. / Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, / it is hard to slow down. / But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. / Stress is a natural part of everyday life. / In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. / A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation. / It is only when the stress gets out of control / that it can lead to poor performance. / The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individ- ual. / Some people are not afraid of stress, / others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. / Since we cannot remove stress from our lives, / we need to find ways to deal with it. /
[听音关键] 根据短文关键词losing the art of relaxation(失去放松的艺术),in the habit of rushing through life(习惯于来去匆匆的生活),hard to slow down(难以放慢生活的步伐),以及文中多次出现的stress(压力)一词,可知短文大意是有关压力产生的原因及其表现。 [听写难点] 这篇听写的难度总的来说不大,难度主要来自下列难词的拼写:essential必需的,基本的;motivation动机;performance表现;managerial管理的。 [画龙点睛] 由于近音词和连读的干扰,首句As the pace of life continues to increase容易误听成As the pace of life continues to increase。这时就需要运用上下文语义、语法知识进行判断。短语“生活的步伐”为pace of life,连词as引导原因状语从句,表明we are fast losing the art of relaxation的原因,理解了首句的意义,就可以正确书写了。
1. The woman seems unconvinced that it will rain today because
A.she can't see any sign of it outside.
B.she doesn't believe the man.
C.she thinks the forecast has not been accurate this week.
D.she doesn't want it to happen.
A B C D
C
[解析] M: The weather forecast says it will rain today. W: Yeah, doesn't it always? They've been saying that for a week and I haven't seen much sign of it so far. M: Yeah, but look. This time maybe they're on target. The sky's very dark. I've got a feeling the rain will be heavy. W: If it's raining heavily after class, wait for me and I'll bring you an umbrella. M: That's kind of you to offer. But don't worry, I'll probably just wait it out. W: By the way, what are the chances that you might be able to have a word with Professor Simpson in Crimi- nology class? We still need some resources for our Psychology prelect and his input might help. M: I could ask him, although I don't know how eager he'd be to give us information about such a topic. W: Oh, come on, he's always so helpful. Why would he even hesitate? M: Well, he has this mindset, which opposes the notion that criminals must necessarily be psychologically abnormal. He feels it's just a stereotype. W: OK. But when it comes to certain crimes like mass murder, there must be a few "marbles loose". M: You would think so. But it's hard to convince Simpson that anyone's crazy. W: Perhaps he'd make a good reference source in the section where we include counter-arguments to our main thesis. M: Good thinking. Let's give it a shot. W: That's the spirit.
[解析] W: Sorry I'm late, James. M: It's all right, Mary. Where have you been? W: At the police station. M: Where?! W: At the police station. I've lost my briefcase. M: Oh, no. What happened? Was there anything important in it? W: Yes! My cheque book, all the papers I need for work, my appointment book... M: Oh, that's terrible. How did you lose your briefcase? W: Well, as you know, I was with my client at a meeting all morning and we had lunch together. After lunch, I went shopping. And when I wanted to buy something, I couldn't find my cheque book. Then I remembered that it was in my briefcase. And my briefcase was in my car. M: So you went back to your car. W: Yes, I went back to my car. No briefcase. But luckily my laptop was there. M: And then you went to the police? W: Not immediately. Before I went to the police station, I called my client's office. No luck. They said the briefcase wasn't there. M: Excuse me. I have got a phone call. Yes? Yes, there is. Mary Hopkins. Oh, really? I'll tell her. It was very kind of you to call. Bye. W: Who was that? M: That was the manager of the Riverside restaurant. Just after lunch today he found a briefcase under a table. When he opened the case, he found a lot of papers. He said they had the name of our company on them. And he found a cheque book with the name of Hopkins on it. M. Hopkins. M. for Mary? W: Ah. Thank God. [解析] Mary回到车上找公文包,结果没找到,但幸运的是她的笔记本电脑还在,故选C。
[解析] W: Dr. Smith? This is Jennifer Williamson from the Daily News. I'd like to ask you some questions about the new official standard weight that you purchased. M: I'd be happy to help you. W: First of all, how is the standard weight used? M: Well, we use it to check the scales all over the country. Our department of weights and measures is a government agency. It's our responsibility to see that all the scales measure a kilogram accurately. So this is the way we use to adjust the scales. W: How did you check the scales before? M: We have an old standard weight. It had to be replaced because it was imprecise. You see it was made of poor quality metal that was too porous. It absorbed too much moisture. W: Oh. So when the weather was humid it weighed more and when it was dry it weighed less. M: Exactly. And that variation can affect the standards of the whole country. So our department had the new weight made out of higher quality metal. W: How much did it cost? M: About 45 thousand dollars. W: 45,000 dollars? For one kilogram weight? That's more expensive than gold. Is it really worth that much? M: I'm sure it is. Industries depend on our government agency to monitor the accuracy of scales. So that when they buy and sell their products there is one standard. Think of the drug industry, for example, those companies rely on high accuracy scales to manufacture and package medicine.
[解析] 对话开始女士做了自我介绍后,便点明话题:new official standard weight that you purchased,由此可以确定他们在谈论关于选项B中的“衡量重量的标准单位”。 [点睛] 主旨大意题。解答这类题要非常注意对话发生的情景,因为上下文之间会多次出现同一范围的词句,这些词句将会给我们很大的启示,并帮助我们快速地找到正确选项。本段对话中,两人多次在问答中用到如weight measure,scale这类的词,于是正确选项也就比较明显了。
8. How is the weight used?
A.To check the accuracy of scales.
B.To calculate the density of other metals.
C.To observe changes in the atmosphere.
D.To measure amounts of rainfall.
A B C D
A
[解析] 女士问及标准秤如何使用,Dr. Smith回答:“用来检查全国的秤……”由此便可得出答案为A。 [点睛] 事实细节题。这类题的正确答案通常用同义表达对原句进行改写,有些甚至照搬原句。对话最后Dr. Smith也提到了monitor the accuracy of scales,由此也可以得出答案。
9. It was necessary to replace the old standard weight because
A.someone spilled water on it.
B.someone lost it.
C.it was made of low quality metal.
D.the standard for measuring had changed.
A B C D
C
[解析] 对话中出现了poor quality metal这样的词句来形容old standard weight,那也就是说老标准秤的质量不理想,由此可知老标准秤需更换的原因是选项C。 [点睛] 事实细节题。本题询问原因,因此需弄清对话中的因果逻辑关系。更换老秤的主要原因是因为所使用的金属品质较低,所以才造成受天气湿度的影响。
10. What does Dr. Smith probably think about the cost of the new weight?
A.It is a small amount to pay for so much precious metal.
B.It is difficult to judge the value of such an object
C.It is reasonable for an object with such an important function.
D.It is too high for such a light weight.
A B C D
C
[解析] 女士觉得新标准秤的价格more expensive than gold,询问Dr. Smith是否物有所值, Dr. Smith回答说:“我相信是的。”而后,又举出医药行业的例子来支持他的观点,所以,C项成为正确答案是有根据的。 [点睛] 推理判断题。题目询问Dr. Smith对新秤价格的看法。这类题常常要求我们根据说话人的话语做出合理的推断,因此对相关细节需留意。
[解析] What is your favorite color? If you like yellow, orange or red, you must be an optimist, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. If you prefer gray and blue, then you're probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. (18) At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preferences as well as the effects that colors have on human beings. (19) They' tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favorite color as we grow up since we were born with our favorite. If you. happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly. Colors do influence our moods. Light and bright colors make people happier and more energetic. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area until it was repainted green. The number of suicide immediately fell sharply. Perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue. (20) It's an established fact that factory workers work better, harder and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or gray.
2. How do we choose our favorite colors?
A.Our favorite color is inborn.
B.We choose our favorite color as we grow up.
C.With the instruction of our parents we select them.
D.We get them by chance.
A B C D
A
3. What will happen to the workers if the machines are painted gray compared with orange?
B.work on the farm and stay in the same place for most of time
C.work on the farm and just stay in the same place for a very short period of time
D.work on the farm and often change the place where they lived
A B C D
B
[解析] Two hundred years ago, before the industrial revolution, most people worked on the farm and pretty much stayed in one place for their whole lifetime. One hundred years later, you learned to use some kind of technology at a factory, but this training and technology would also last your entire career. Once you made a decision about what job you wanted or could get, you keep that job the rest of your life and didn't have to think about it again. It was like getting on a train and knowing your exact destination. In the late 20th century, as our job options increased, work was like getting a car and learning to drive. You could go to many more places than on the train, but still you could only go where there were roads. These days, with so many opportunities and possibilities available, preparing for the future is like driving an all-terrain vehicle. With four-wheel drive, you don't have to stay on the road. In fact, some of the best places to go don't even have roads.
5. A hundred years later, people learned to use some kind of technology at a factory, but ______.
A.these training and technology would last only a while
B.these training and technology would last all one's life
C.these training and technology would last all one's career
D.these training and technology were much more developed than before
A B C D
C
6. Nowadays, the situation has changed, ______.
A.there are more opportunities and possibilities available
B.preparing for the future is quite an easy task
C.you don't have to stay on the road while you are driving
D.people have more choices in terms of their career-choosing
7. According to the passage, the E.coli infections can be prevented by ______.
A.personal hygiene
B.washing hands
C.careful food preparation
D.copper
A B C D
D
[解析] As the World Health Organisation suggests the E. coli outbreak in Germany is a strain never before seen in an outbreak—O104; H4—1aboratory science conducted at the University of Southampton indicates a role for copper in preventing the spread of such infections. A study looking at copper's efficacy against new strains of E. coli has just been completed. All the strains investigated have died rapidly on copper. On a dry copper surface, the study shows 10 million E. coli bacteria are eliminated within 10 minutes. On a wet copper surface, one could expect a total kill within around 45 minutes. This antimicrobial property is inherent to the metal, and shared with alloys such as brass and bronze. In the wake of this outbreak, hand washing and careful food preparation have been highlighted as key concerns, as has cross-contamination. Any raw food placed on a work surface can contaminate other food, or have bacteria transferred onto it from previous items resting there. Deployed as a touch surface in food preparation areas, copper will continuously kill any pathogens that settle on it, reducing the risk of cross-contamination, and helping to prevent the spread of infection.
8. Which of the following information is CORRECT?
A.This antimicrobial property is flexible to the metal.
B.E. coli bacteria are eliminated only on a dry copper surface.
C.E. coli bacteria are eliminated only on a wet copper surface.
D.The copper can prevent the spread of E.coli infections.
A B C D
D
9. According to the passage, all the following are the uses of the copper EXCEPT ______.
10. What is unusual about the island of Martha's Vineyard?
A.It was settled more than 300 years ago.
B.Alexander Graham Bell visited there.
C.A large number of its residents were deaf.
D.Each family living there had many children.
A B C D
C
[解析] Good morning,students.I hope you have been able to read the books about speech and hearing prob lems that I put in the list. Today's lecture deal with the presence of the unusually large deaf population that existed on the Massachusetts island of Martha's Vineyard for about three centuries.From the settlement of the island in the 1640's to the twentieth century,the people there,who were descended from only twenty-five or thirty original families, married mainly other residents of the island.They formed a highly inbred group,producing an excellent example of the genetic pattern for the inheritance of deafness.Indeed in the late eighteen hundreds one out of every twenty-five people in one village on the island was born deaf,and the island as a whole had a deafness rate at least seventeen times greater than that of the rest of the United States.Even Alexander Graham Bell the inventor of the telephone and a prominent researcher into hearing loss.visited Martha's Vineyard to study the population.But because the principles of genetics were still unknown,he was not able to explain the pattern of deafness and why a deaf parent did not always have deaf children.In the twentieth centuryl the local population has mixed with people off the island and the rate of deafness has fallen.
12. When Alexander Graham Bell went to the island, he hoped to
A.establish his laboratory.
B.have a vacation.
C.visit members of his family.
D.study deafness among the families.
A B C D
D
[解析] 事实细节题。短文提到,Alexander Graham Bell是电话的发明者以及一名出色的耳聋研究者,他访问了Martha's Vineyard岛以研究那里的人口,由此可知他的目的是D。预读时确定Alexander Graham Bell去岛上的目的为听音重点。关键是要抓住他的身份是researcher。
13. According to the passage, the island's deafness rate has fallen in the twentieth century because
A.the patterns of marriage have changed.
B.many deaf people have regained their hearing.
C.most of the original population has left the island.
D.the island has become famous for its research facilities.
1. According to the news, Rodina party is becoming important
A.throughout Russia.
B.in the United Russia party.
C.on a regional scale.
D.among the Communists.
A B C D
C
[解析] The nationalist Rodina party is emerging as a significant political force in regional elections, challenging the pro- Kremlin United Russia party in some areas due to disenchantment with the government's regional and social policies, political analysts said. In Oct. 3 elections to the regional parliament in Tula, Rodina came in second after United Russia with 13 percent of the vote, ahead of the Communists With 11 percent.
[解析] 题目涉及到Rodina party变得重要的地理范围,由The nationalist Rodina party is...in regiona elections可知答案为[C]。
2. What was the vote-rate of Rodina party?
A.15%.
B.3%.
C.11%.
D.13%.
A B C D
D
[解析] 做数字题时,考生应该对听到的数字信息作简要笔记,并根据题干要求辨清所听数字或通过简单加减乘除来得出答案。由Rodina came in second after United Russia with 13 percent of the vote可知答案为[D]。
3. Why did the Brazil President criticize Europe and the United States' policy?
A.He thought they had more responsibilities in protecting the Amazon and tackling global warming.
B.He was addressing representatives from the G8 Group.
C.He thought their policy was performing protectionism.
D.He thought bio-fuels posed no threat on the supply of food or the Amazon forest.
[解析] The President of Brazil, Luiz Inacio da Silva, has said rich countries must bear more the cost of protecting the Amazon and tackling global warming. The Brazilian president was addressing representatives from the G8 Group of the richest economies and five major developing nations. President Lula is proposing an international Amazon fund in which he is hoping to raise dollars from industrialized countries. He also used the speech to attack protectionist policies in Europe and the United States that penalized the import of Brazilian ethanol made from sugar-cane. He said there was no truth in claims that bio-fuels threatened either the supply of food or the Amazon forest. 推断题,新闻中,巴西总统攻击欧美是因为欧美采取了贸易保护政策。与C项内容相同。
[解析] The eight elephants from Thailand destined for zoos in Sydney and Melbourne are due to arrive later this year. Wildlife campaigners have insisted that scientific evidence has proved that elephants in zoos don't breed well and suffer a wide range of health problems. On top of that, it's claimed they die at a younger age than those living in the wild or kept in parks. The government in Canberra is allowing these Asian elephants into Australia as part of a conservation program that it believes will help safeguard the species. The population of these magnificent animals has been reduced over the past century. It's estimated that fewer than 34,000 now remain across a dozen countries.
5. Why does the Australia government allow the importation of the elephants?
[解析] During his run for the presidency, Barack Obama often talked about his mother, Ann Dunham, and the lessons she taught him through her work with poor rural communities around the world. Dunham died of cancer in 1995, before any of her grandchildren were born. Now the president's sister, Maya Soetoro-Ng, has written "Ladder to the Moon", a children's book that attempts to connect her young daughter, Suhaila, with the grandmother she never knew. The book's title was inspired by a picture post card Dunham gave Maya as a child. It features a painting by Georgia O'Keeffe which depicts a ladder floating against the night sky, with a half-moon high above it. In the book, little Suhaila asks her mother what her grandmother was like. "Like the moon," her mother replies. "Full, soft and curious. " Suhaila longs to meet her, and one night, her wish comes true. A golden ladder appears at her window and Grandma Annie invites the girl to come along on a magical journey.
7. Who wrote "Ladder to the Moon"?
A.Barack Obama.
B.Ann Dumham.
C.Suhaila.
D.Maya Soetoro-Ng.
A B C D
D
8. The following sets of information are mentioned EXCEPT ______.
A.Maya Soetoro-Ng attempts to connect her daughter with the grandmother
B.the book's title is inspired by a picture post card
9. The list of claimants includes the following people EXCEPT ______.
A.a private investigator of the News
B.film stars
C.the politician
D.former Culture Minister Tessa Jowell
A B C D
A
[解析] One of the world's biggest media groups, News International, is apologising and offering compensation for the actions of one of its newspapers which hacked into the mobile phones of celebrities over a sustained period. Here's Gabriel Gatehouse. These are sensational admissions that are likely to cost the newspaper tens of millions of dollars in compensation payments. The list of claimants includes film stars like the actress Sienna Miller and public figures such as the politician and former Culture Minister Tessa Jowell. A reporter and a private investigator of the News of the World had already been jailed in 2007 for hacking into voicemail messages left on mobile telephones. But the News of the World had always claimed that instances of hacking were isolated and that the pair acted without the knowledge of senior editors. It now appears that the problem went far further.
10. Which of the following information is CORRECT?
A.Senior editors know nothing about the hacking.
B.Instances of hacking are isolated.
C.It will cost the newspaper thousands of millions of dollars in compensation payments.
D.The problem is getting serious.
A B C D
D
PART Ⅲ CLOZE Before the 1500's, the western plains of North America were dominated by farmers. One group, the Mandans, 1 in the upper Missouri River country, primarily in present-day North Dakota. They had large villages of houses 2 close together. The 3 arrangement enabled the Mandans to protect themselves more easily 4 the attacks of others who might seek to 5 some of the food these highly capable farmers stored from one year to the next. The women had primary responsibility for the fields. They had to exercise 6 skill to produce the desired results, 7 their northern location meant fleeting growing seasons. Winter often lingered; autumn could 8 by severe frost. For good measure, during the spring and summer, drought, heat, hail, grasshoppers, and other 9 might await the wary grower. Under 10 conditions, Mandan women had to grow maize capable of weathering 11 They began 12 it appeared feasible to do so in the spring. Harvesting proceeded in 13 stages. In August the Mandans picked a small amount of the crop 14 it had matured fully. This green corn was boiled, dried, and shelled, with some of the maize 15 for immediate consumption and the reststored in 16 bags. Later in the fall, the people picked the rest of the corn. They saved the best of the harvest for seeds or for trade, 17 the remainder eaten right away or stored for later use in underground reserves. With appropriate 18 of the extra food, the Mandans protected themselves 19 the disaster of crop failure and accompanying 20 .
such conditions即上段的drought,heat,hail,grasshoppers等, A,B和D三个选项都能与condition连用,但都错了。
11.
A.adversary
B.adversarial
C.adversity
D.advertency
A B C D
C
12.
A.so early as
B.earlier than
C.early when
D.as early as
A B C D
D
A和D都用于同级比较,但A用于否定句,B不符合题意,C中 early不常与when连用,所以选D。
13.
A.three
B.two
C.four
D.five
A B C D
B
结合下文,8月先收获少部分,到晚秋再收获剩余部分,所以整个收获应分两个阶段进行,故选B。
14.
A.before
B.after
C.no sooner than
D.as soon as
A B C D
A
下文中green horn“嫩玉米”表明“在成熟之前就收割”。
15.
A.engaged
B.applied
C.slated
D.employed
A B C D
C
16.
A.animal-skinned
B.animal-skin
C.animal-skinning
D.animal skin
A B C D
B
17.
A.to
B.as
C.for
D.with
A B C D
D
with常常带宾语及其补足语,构成介词短语作状语。其他介词无此功能,所以选D。
18.
A.saving
B.banking
C.keeping
D.withholding
A B C D
B
19.
A.to
B.with
C.against
D.of
A B C D
C
20.
A.hunger
B.flood
C.insect pest
D.natural disaster
A B C D
A
歉收后会出现饥荒,所以选A。
PART Ⅳ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY
1. It is due to the invention of the computer that man has been able to work so many wonders in the past few years. A case ______is the successful launching of space shuttle.
A.in point
B.in question
C.in a way
D.in brief
A B C D
A
in point“恰当的”、“切题的”、“与题目有关的”,a case in point“恰当的例证”:in question“正被谈论的、被考虑的”;in a way“从某种意义上来说”;in brief“简言之”,如:In brief he says‘No’.他简短地说了一个‘不’字。
2. ______ both sides accept the agreement ______ a lasting peace be established in this region.
A.Only if, will
B.If only, would
C.Should, will
D.Unless, would
A B C D
A
only if作“只要,只有”讲,相当于on condition that。当其置于句首时,主句要用倒装结构,例如: Only if a teacher has given permission,is a student allowed to enter this classroom.只有得到老师 的允许,学生才可以进这间教室。Only if the red light comes on,is there any danger to workers.只要红灯一亮,就表示有危及工人的险情。if only用来表示对现在或未来的愿望或用来表示与过去事实相反的愿望,句子用虚拟语气,例如:If only I were rich.但愿我很富有。If only it would stop mining.真希望雨能停。If only he had remembered to buy some apples.他当时要是记得买些苹果来该多好。
3. ______for your help, we' d never have been able to get over the difficulties.
A.Had it not
B.If it were not
C.Had it not been
D.If we had not been
A B C D
C
根据句子结构,我们可以看出逗号后面是使用了虚拟语气的主句,因此,须填入表示与过去情况相反的虚拟条件句,“if it were not for...”这一结构表示同现在事实相反的假设,意为“如果不是……”。因此,B.if it were not错误。“if it had not been for...”的倒装形式为“had it not been for...”,表示与过去事实相反的假设,意为“如果当时没有……”,主句谓语形式是“would+ have done”。因此,C. Had it not been 正确,A. Had it not 错误(如果后跟 been,就是正确了) D.If we had not been无此结构。
4. In this state no office should be for life. If any such should remain, the government should endeavor by degrees to ______ the power.
此题考查介词和比较级的搭配用法。由于是指两者之一,比较级前一定要有定冠词来加以限定,因此排除B、D项。至于介词,of和in都可表比较范围。of后接复数名词,in后接单数名词,如in the world,of all the students.由于题干为“the two(girls)…”,因此排除C项。A项符合题意。
7. Bronze ______ with ease or grow brittle quickly, as copper does.
11. An energy tax would curb ordinary air pollution, limit oil imports and cut the budget ______
A.disposition
B.discrepancy
C.defect
D.deficit
A B C D
D
deficit意为“赤字,亏空,亏损”,例如:There were signs of a surplus in the balance of trade instead of a deficit。在贸易差额中出现了顺差而不是赤字的迹象。disposition意为“性情,性格;意向,倾向”,同aptitude,例如:He who is of a calm and happy nature will hardly feel the pressure of age, but to him who is of an opposite disposition youth and age are equally a burden.性情稳重愉快的人,不大会感到老年的压力,但是对于具有相反性情的人,青年和老年都有同样的重负。discrepancy意为“不符合(之处),不一致(之处)”,同disagreement,difference,例如:There was a discrepancy in the two reports of the accident.在该事件的两个报告中有不一致之处。defect意为“缺点,缺陷,毛病”,同drawback,disadvantage,例如:In almost every face and every person,they may discover fine feathers and defects,good and bad qualifies.人各有其面,有优缺点,有长短处。
12. His proposal that a special committee ______ to investigate the incident was flatly denied by the director of the bureau.
18. At present much more stress bas been laid ______ law and order by the local government.
A.onto
B.at
C.on
D.to
A B C D
C
固定搭配题。短语lay stress/emphasis/importance on sth.表示“对某事很重视”。
19. In the course of the whole life the wise businessmen do far more than just ______ money.
A.made
B.to make
C.make
D.making
A B C D
C
固定用法题。do more than do sth.意为“做…是不够的”。
20. Mary doesn't want to get married right away because she thinks that if she ______ husband she probably wouldn't be able to stay with her parents very often.
A.had got
B.could have got
C.has to get
D.were to get
A B C D
DADCB
21. There are means by which the constitution has been______over so long a time to the needs of a changing society.
26. He underwent four ______ operations in two weeks.
A.excessive
B.extensive
C.intensive
D.successive
A B C D
D
successive意为“连续的,相继的”,如:The school team won five successive games.校队获得五连胜。excessive作“过度的,过分的”讲,如:She takes an excessive interest in clothes.她过分关心衣着。extensive意为“广阔的,大量的,大规模的”,如:The storm has brought about extensive damage.暴风雨造成了巨大的损失。intensive则意为“加强的,密集的,集中的”,如:Intensive care in hospitals is given to the seriously ill.医院对重病患者实行特护。
27. Nancy was surprised that they have ______. They seemed to be a happy couple.
TEXT A Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick II in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent. All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected. Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time, but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed. Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows about 1, 000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style rather than grammar. Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak. What is special about man's brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern "toy-bear". And even more incredible is the young brain's ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways. But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the child's babbling, grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child's non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.
1. The purpose of Frederick II's experiment was ______.
A.to prove that children are born with the ability to speak
B.to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speech
C.to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child to speak
D.to prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language
3. What is exceptionally remarkable about a child is that ______.
A.he is born with the capacity to speak
B.he has a brain more complex than an animal's
C.he can produce his own sentences
D.he owes his speech ability to good nursing
A B C D
C
[解析] 事实细节题。虽然其他选项的陈述也不与原文冲突,但那只是儿童最特别之处的铺垫,真正的不可思议之处在于:孩子的大脑能把语言顺序从周围混杂的声响中辨识出来进行分析,把这些语言用新的方式重组、再重组。这里所说的to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways就是选项[C]所说的“孩子会自行造句’。
4. Which of tile following is not TRUE according to the passage?
A.The faculty of speech is inborn in man.
B.Encouragement is anything but essential to a child in language learning.
C.The child's brain is highly selective.
D.Most children learn their language in definite stages.
A B C D
B
[解析] 事实细节题。原文最后两句指出,母亲的不敏感会让孩子泄气,影响交流和语言能力的发展,对孩子的非语言信号保持敏感对语言发展很重要。这里的敏感和鼓励意义上相近,因此选项[B]与原文不符。[A]项内容在文中第五段第一句陈述过了:近来有证据表明,婴儿一出生就有语言能力。[C]项内容与文中第五段最后一句内容相符:能把语言顺序从周围混杂的声响中辨识(pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound);[D]项内容与文中第四段第一句话内容相符:专家提出,语言阶段的到来是有固定年龄、固定次序的。
TEXT B Pageants (露天演出) are usually conceived on a fairly large scale, often under the auspices of some local or civic authority or at any rate in connection with local groups of some kind. This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meagre side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed. Most pageants have a historical flavor as they usually come about through the celebration of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the life or death of some local worthy. Research among archives and books in the public library will probably prove very useful and produce some workable ideas which will give the production an especially local flavor. From the first economy will have to be practised because there are usually a great number of people to dress. Leading characters can be considered individually in the same way as when designing for a play; but the main body of the performers will need to be planned in groups and the massed effect must be always borne in mind. Many pageants take place in daylight in the open air. This is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificial lighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many more distractions. No longer is everything around cut out by the surrounding darkness, but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience or behind the performers. Very theatrically conceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-covered walls; the same goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes. The location needs to be studied and then a decision can be made as to what kinds of colors and textures will harmonize best with the surroundings and conditions and then to carry this out as far as possible on the funds available. If money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own help in the provision of items, it is best to arrange for all the cutting and pinning together of the costumes to be done by one or two experienced people than to be given out to the groups and individuals for completion. When there is little or no money at all, the garments need to be reduced to the basic necessities. Cloaks and shawls become invaluable, sheets and large bath towels and bath sheets are admirable for draping. Unwanted curtains and bedspreads can be cut to make tunics, robes and skirts. These are particularly valuable if they are of heavy fabrics, such as velvet or chenille. Colors should be massed together so that there are contrasting groups of dark and light, this will be found to help the visual result substantially. Crowds of people gathered together in a jumble of colors will be found to look quite purposeless and will lack dramatic impact.
1. Which of the following is true about pageants?
A.Pageants seldom take place in the afternoon or evening.
B.Pageants are often supported by local or civic authorities.
C.Many pageants get abundantly funded by local companies.
D.Most pageants are based on events of historical importance.
A B C D
B
[解析] 首段首句。 [解析] 细节题。首段首句中的under the auspices of与选项B中的support具有相近的意思,因此选项B为本题答案。 [点睛] 第3段首句表明很多庆典在白天举行,这就可能包括在上午或下午举行,因此选项A不正确;首段第2句表明庆典获得的资金很少,选项C与此相反,因此不正确;选项D只概括了第2段首句的第一种可能,而没有顾及该句中or引出的另一种可能,因此也不正确。
2. The word "it" in Line 4, Para. 1 refers to
A.the scale of the pageants in the open air.
B.the production of costumes for all the performers.
C.the limited allocation of funds for the performance.
5. When fund is not enough, ______ can be used to make the costumes.
A.unwanted curtains
B.bath sheets
C.table cloth
D.cloaks
A B C D
A
[解析] 第4段倒数第2句。 [解析] 细节题。第4段倒数第2句中的tunics,robes and skirts都属于戏服,而该句提到可用unwanted curtains制作戏服,因此选项A为本题答案。 [点睛] 根据第4段倒数第3句可知选项B通常用于制作幕布,而不用于制作戏服;选项C在文中未有提及;第4段倒数第3句只是表明选项D很珍贵,但没有说明可用于制作什么。所以均不正确。
TEXT C What do you do if you don't get into your first choice of university? That's the dilemma that faces thousands of British students every year. Many candidates turn to Clearing, the service that helps find university places for students at the last moment. If they don't have the marks to get into their first choice of institution, Clearing tells them about places available at other universities, though they might have to read another subject. But this year has seen a record number of people applying to university. This, combined with the weak economy, an uncertain job market and budget cuts at universities, means that there's been even more of a scramble for places than usual. Some sources say six students have applied for each remaining undergraduate university place. The British university admissions service, UCAS, says up to a quarter of this year's university applicants—almost 190,000 people—still don't have a place on a degree course. That's a rise of over 46,000 students from last year. Faced with these figures, some British students might be thinking of an interesting alternative: studying abroad. The University of Nottingham, for example, is offering places at its campuses in Ningbo, near Shanghai, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Students here can gain University of Nottingham degrees in business, accounting, engineering and English. Similarly, the University of Bolton says it has "unlimited" places at its campus in the United Arab Emirates. Given the problems getting into university, the UK's Higher Education Minister, David Willetts, encourages students who haven't made the grade to consider alternatives to university, such as apprenticeships and studying at home. "There are a range of options available," he says. "People are able to reapply. They should think how they can spend their year adding that bit to their CV, which would help their application—getting practical work experience or extra skills—anything that strengthens their chances next year." But some commentators say that rising university costs, poor long-term job prospects, and a drop in graduate recruitment mean it's the worst time to be a university student in the UK.
1. The reason why many candidates turn to Clearing is that______.
A.they don't know which university to choose
B.they don't know what subject they should read
C.they fail to get into their first choice of university
D.Clearing will offer them places available at other universities
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。从第一段句子“Many candidates turn to Clearing,the service that helps find university places for students at the last moment.If they don’t have the marks to get into their first choice of institution…”可见申请人求助于Clearing的原因。
2. Candidates have to ______ to get the limited undergraduate university places.
A.learn from each other
B.compete with others
C.pay more
D.know much about universities in Britain
A B C D
B
[解析] 推断题。从第二段句子“This,combined with the weak economy,an uncertain job market and budget cuts at universities,means that there's been even more of a scramble for places than usual.”可以推断,申请者的竞争很激烈。
3. The number of this year's university applicants in Britain is about______.
A.190,000
B.46,000
C.144,000
D.760,000
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。从第三段句子“…says up to a quarter of this year's university applicants—almost 190,000 people—still don’t have a place on a degree course.”可知答案D。
4. It is implied in the passage that______.
A.Studying abroad should be the only choice of applicants if they can't get any places in universities of Britain.
B.University of Nottingham at its campuses in Ningbo also accepts British students.
C.Students are not allowed to work without higher education.
D.Students are not encouraged to study at home.
A B C D
B
[解析] 推断题。从第四段可以推断,英国学生也可以被诺丁汉大学宁波校区录取。
5. If applicants want to reapply, ______ might strengthen their chances.
A.more reading
B.submitting their application earlier
C.work experience
D.extra tests
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。第六段句子“…which would help their application—getting practical work experience or extra skills—anything that strengthens their chances next year.”可见,申请者来年再次申请该重视的方面。
TEXT D Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood. Not only was there the tragic incident involving the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by minor national contests. One country received its second place medals with visible indignation after the hockey final, There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, the losers objecting to the final decisions. They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents' victory was unfair. Their manager was in a rage when he said: "This wasn't hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished." The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least three years. The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia, after a disputable end to their contest. The game had ended in disturbance. It was thought at first that the United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play. A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another player popped it into the basket. It was the first time the USA had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals. Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in nonnational teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism.
1. According to the author, recent Olympic Games have______.
A.created goodwill between the nations
B.bred only false national pride
C.barely showed any international friendship
D.led to more and more misunderstanding and hatred
A B C D
C
该题考查学生对作者观点的把握。这在第一段中“…but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage:international brotherhood.”清晰体现出来。A项是赞成体育运动的人的观点,B项和D项是对体育运动持否定态度的人的观点,都不是作者本人的观点。该题是细节题,考查学生对文章细节的理解。做题时应回归到原文中,切勿凭记忆草草选择。
2. The author gives the two examples in paragraphs 2 and 3 to show______.
A.how false national pride leads to undesirable incidents in international games
B.that sportsmen have been more obedient than they used to be
C.that competitiveness in the games discourages international friendship
D.that unfair decisions are common in Olympic Games
Longitude and Latitude The meridians of longitude are imaginary great circles drawn from pole to pole around the earth. By international agreement, the meridian of longitude passing through Greenwich, England, is numbered zero. The earth is divided into 360 degrees, and the meridians are numbered east and west from Greenwich. There are 180 degrees of longitude east of Greenwich and 180 degrees in the westerly direction. New York has a longitude of 74 degrees west (74oW.) which means that it lies on the 74th meridian west of Greenwich. Since the sun appears to travel around the earth in 24 hours, it will move 360/24 or 15 degrees in one hour. This reasoning can be used by navigators to determine their longitude. Imagine that we have set sail from Greenwich, England, after having set a very accurate clock, or chronometer, to the local Greenwich time. As we travel westward toward New York, we notice that the sun is going "slower" than our chronometer. At the time that our timepiece reads 12 o'clock, the sun has not quite reached the zenith. As a matter of fact, when our clock reads noon, what it really means is that it's noon in Greenwich, England. Our clock continues to tell us the time, not at our present location, but at Greenwich. Let us wait until the sun is directly overhead (noon at our location) and then read the time on our clock. Suppose it reads i o'clock. This means that there is one hours difference in time between our longitude and that of Greenwich. As we mentioned earlier, this corresponds to exactly 15 degrees of longitude, so our longitude must be 150 W. The world is divided into 24 time zones, and each zone corresponds to 15 degrees of longitude. New York is approximately 5 time zones west of Greenwich, so the time difference must be about 5 hours. By maintaining chronometers on Greenwich time, ships can determine their longitude on any sunny day by merely noting the difference in hours between Greenwich time and local sun time and multiplying this difference by 15 degrees. Of course, longitude gives only half of the information needed to determine our precise location. We must also know our latitude, which tells us how far we are north or south of the Equator. The Equator is the zero line for the measurement of latitude. Circles are drawn parallel to the Equator to indicate other values of latitude. There are 90 degrees of south latitude. In the Northern Hemisphere there is a star called Polaris almost directly over the North Pole. This makes it possible to determine the latitude of a given point by setting our sextant (六分仪) to measure the angle between Polaris;the North Star, and the horizon. Mathematicians tell us that this angle is equal to the latitude at the point in question. To get idea of our location, therefore, we need to know local time, Greenwich time, and the angle between Polaris and the horizon.
4. In order to establish the "fix" or precise location of a ship, the navigator must know________.
A.his latitude
B.his longitude
C.local time
D.both his latitude and longitude
A B C D
D
5. In order to determine latitude, the navigator must know
A.Greenwich time and local time
B.a good deal of mathematics
C.the angle between Polaris and the horizon
D.his precise location
A B C D
C
6. A navigator's chronometer will always show _____________.
A.Greenwich time
B.noon time
C.local time
D.sun time
A B C D
A
7. In relation to the earth, the sun will move _____________.
A.7,000 miles per hour
B.fifteen degrees in one hour
C.1/48th of the world's circumference
D.twice as far as Polaris
A B C D
B
TEXT E Migration is usually defined as "permanent or semipermanent change of residence". This broad definition, of course, would include a move across the street or across a city. Our concern is with movement between nations, not with internal migration within nations, although such movements often exceed international movements in volume. Today, the motives of people who move short distances are very similar to those of international migrants. Students of human migration speak of "push" and "pull" factors, which influence an individual's decision to move from one place to another. Push factors are associated with the place of origin. A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficulty in finding a suitable job, or as traumatic as war, or severe famine. Obviously, refugees who leave their homes with guns pointed at their heads are motivated almost entirely by push factors (although pull factors do influence their choice of destination). Pull factors are those associated with the place of destination. Most often these are economic, such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm. The latter was an important factor in attracting settlers to the United States during the 19th century. In general, pull factors add up to an apparently better chance for a good life and material well-being than is offered by the place of origin. When there is a choice between several attractive potential destinations, the deciding factor might be a noneconomic consideration such as the presence of relatives, friends, or at least fellow countrymen already established in the new place who are willing to help the newcomers settle in. Considerations of this sort lead to the development of migration flow. Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologists call "intervening obstacles". Even if push and/or pull factors are very strong, they still may be outweighed by intervening obstacles, such as the distance of the move, the trouble and cost of moving, the difficulty of entering the new country, and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival. The decision to move is also influenced by "personal factors" of the potential migrant. The same push-pull factors and obstacles operate differently on different people, sometimes because they are at different stages of their lives, or just because of their varying abilities and personalities. The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and appallingly difficult to a slightly older man with a wife and small kids. Similarly, the need to learn a new language and customs may excite one person and frighten another. Regardless of why people move, migration of large numbers of people causes conflict. The United States and other Western countries have experienced adjustment problems with each new wave of immigrants. The newest arrivals are usually given the lowest-paid jobs and are resented by native people who may have to compete with them for those jobs. It has usually taken several decades for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country.
本题询问全文的讨论范围。文章第一段讲到“Our concern is with movement between nations,not with internal migration within nations”,因此,本文讨论的是国际移民。文章讲到了国际移民的动机和存在的问题,但这两点不足以分别概括全文。
When you choose a freezer, remember it's probably going to be with you for a long time. No single style or size is best, so it's important to know which freezer is right for your needs. First, decide if you want an upright or chest model. Uprights are more convenient. Their storage space is more accessible and they take up less floor area. However, chest models are more energy-efficient because less cold air escapes when they are open. If you're buying an upright, you'll have to choose between frostless or manual defrost. Chest freezers are always manual. Frostless freezers automatically defrost at preset intervals and remove the water. Manual models must be defrosted by hand every few months or whenever frost accumulates to about a quarter of an inch. To help your freezer reach a ripe old age, try to find a spot that's cool, dry, and away from drafts. Drafts and heat will raise the freezer's cabinet temperature and make it work harder to keep cool. That means wasted energy and a shortened compressor life. Dry air is important because high humidity can cause the freezer to rust outside and frost up inside. With proper care, a freezer can serve you for 15 years or more. Frostless models require less care than manual defrost freezers. The interior of a frostless unit should be washed periodically with warm water and baking soda or a mild soap, rinsed, and dried. To get the most from your freezer, check regularly to make sure it's providing a true zero-degree temperature. Keep the freezer at least three-quarters full. The emptier it gets, the more energy is wasted. If more than three pounds of food per cubic foot of storage space is added every 24 hours, the resulting high or low temperatures can damage the food.
4. According to the passage, choosing the best place for your freezer means______。
A.putting it in an unheated garage if possible
B.trying to keep it away from heat, drafts, and humidity
C.locating it near a sink if it is a manual-defrost model
D.locating it as close as possible to the kitchen door
A B C D
B
本题询问“the best place”具体指什么。文中指出冰箱最好放在阴凉干燥的地方,避免潮湿,避开通风设备。A、C、D三项均不符合要求,只有B是正确的。
5. According to the passage, which of the following is CORRECT?
A.Chest models are more convenient.
B.Frostless freezers must be defrosted by hand.
C.The cool and dry spot will shorten compressor life.
D.Keep the freezer at least three-quarters full.
A B C D
D
本题考查对细节内容的把握。从第二段“Uprights are more convenient”可知, chest model并不具有使用方便的优势,因此A项不对;从第三段“Frostless freezers automatically defrost”可知B项是错误的;从第四段可知凉爽干燥的环境正是延长压缩机寿命的最佳环境,因此C也不正确;而最后一段的首句与选项D的意思是一致的。
6. Which statement best describes the main idea of the passage?
A.It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of freezers.
B.It tells the most economical ways to use a freezer.
C.It explains how to defrost a manual-defrost freezer.
D.It offers advice about choosing and caring for a freezer.
1. A recent online survey suggests that 57% of Chinese believe that money is the best measure of success. What's your opinion ? Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic :
Can Success Be Measured by Money?
You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is. In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
[参考范文] Nowadays,the ever-developing market economy has gradually changed our attitudes toward success.Some people begin to consider money as the only yardstick of success.As far as they are concerned,owning a lot of money is typically related to one's work ability and thus suggests a person's outstanding contributions to the society.In nay opinion,they only present one-sided picture of the issue. One fact that we should not neglect is that there are many different types of success,some associated with money and some not.While it is true that many successful persons like businessmen or inventors reap considerable monetary rewards,many others Can't become rich although they have made marvelous accomplishments.For example,a successful rocket scientist who makes great achievements and gains glory for his country may earn only a modest salary.A person who makes an effort to save animals that are on the verge of extinction may believe he has achieved Success though he earns little or even no money from this career. To um up,the notion of success holds different meanings for different people.We should not judge a person's success only in terms of money.A man can be regarded as successful if he has the freedom and capability of doing what he enjoys and believes it to be valuable.
[解析] 用词亮点 (1)yardstick:n.衡量/比较的标准/尺度。文中“衡量成功的标准”就可以说"the yardstick of success"。 (2)associate:是一个高频同,意思较为广泛,作动词时常用的一个意思为“联系,关联”,常与介词with搭配:~sb./sth.(with sb./sth.),意为与某人或某物有联系。例如:Cancer issometimes associated with smoking.(癌症有时与吸烟有关)。 句式亮点 (1)"One fact that we should not neglect is that…"意为“我们不能忽视的一个事实是……”,后面可跟一个宾语从句,用于强调某一重要事实,可增强气势,并引起读者关注。在专四作文写作中可以灵活套用。比如我们还可以说:One fact that we should not neglect is that the pollution is now worsening.(我们不能忽视的一个事实是污染正在变得日益严重)。 (2)"To sum up,the notion of SUCCESS holds different meanings for different people"意为“总之,成功的概念对不同的人有不同的意义”。这句话中的"to sum up"是全文的总结性话语,除此之外还可以说"all in all"、"in conclusion"、"in a word"等等。后半部分也可以在作文写作中套用,比如我们也可以说:The notion of happiness holds different meanings for different people。 篇章亮点 本文特色是采用辩证的观点看待此论题。文章首段通过介绍人们观念的改变,表明自己的立场:单纯以金钱作为衡量成功的标准有失偏颇。第二段展开论述,重点强调成功有不同的类型这一观点,并通过一些例子加以证明。最后一段总结全文,并进一步提出成功的概念对不同的人有不同的意义,照应前文。全文逻辑严密,不偏不倚,有很强的说服力。 [谋篇布局] 1.第一部分就这个有争议的话题表明自己的立场,可从金钱的重要性引入自己的观点,也可先探讨成功这一概念,进而阐明自己的态度。 2.第二部分对自己所持立场的原因加以阐述。若认同金钱能衡量成功,则要强调金钱的重要性或用金钱作为衡量标准的重要意义。若不认同,则应阐述成功的多样性或用金钱作为衡量标准所带来的消极意义。由于文章所探讨的问题具有较强的现实色彩,在具体论述中最好能加上一些现实的例子,增强论点的可信性。 3.第三部分对上文观点进行总结概括,重申并强调自己观点的正确性。
SECTION B NOTE-WRITING
1. You have heard that your friend Jane has won the first prize at the speech contest. Write a note of congratulations to him. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropirateness
Dec.16 Dear Jane, I am very 91ad to hear that you've won the first prize at the speech contest.Congratulations! I knew you could make it. You have been working so hard at it.YOH really deserve it.We are a11 proud of you.We are thinking about giving you a celebration party this Saturday evening at our classroom.We ate 1ooking forward to seeing you. Yotlrs, Michelle